PV plus electricity storage, a Japanese case

Transcription

1 PV plus electricity storage, a Japanese case Izumi KAIZUKA, kaizuka@rts-pv.com IEA PVPS Task1 Expert, Japan RTS Corporation

2 Contents PV Market in Japan Residential PV plus Storage Storage for PV power plant Outlook of PV plus Storage Market in Japan

3 PV Market in Japan 10.8GW

4 IEA INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER SYSTEMS PROGRAMME Storages for 2 Distinct PV Worlds Distributed PV Producers Self-consumption, energy effiency, grid parity, competition with utilities distribution business Prosumers Subsidy for LiB & ZEH One technology Centralized PV Grid injection, PPA, competition with utilities generation business Subsidy for utilities (demonstaion) & IPPs

5 National Support for Distributed PV+Storage FY 2014: Subsidy for Li-ion batteries 13 billion Yen (110 Million ) Subsidy : 1/3 cost (average) 130 MWh storage batteries introduced PV is not requirement but most of suppliers offer PV+Storage

6 FY 2016: Subsidy for Net Zero Energy House (ZEH) 11 billion Yen (85 Million ) Objective: Majority of new houses to be ZEH by FY 2020 Recipient Subsidy for Zero Energy House builders Subsidy for storage batteries 50,000 Yen / kwh (~426 Euro/kWh) Limit of subsidy: 1/3 cost or 500,000 Yen (~4,260 Euro)

7 Typucal operation mode (Example of Sekisui House Product ) Usual mode Saving electricity charge using cheaper electricity from grid in the night (time-of-day rate contract) Charging with grid power Surplus power to grid Self consumption Battery Consumption Battery discharging Using grid power Night Daytime Night Curtailment In case of curtailment, charging the battery with PV power and use the electricity in the night time Night Surplus power the battery Self consumption Curtailment in daytime Battery Consumption Battery discharging Using grid power Night Blackout In case of blackout, the system switches to islanding operation Surplus power the battery Battery Consumption Battery discharging Blackout in night Blackout in daytime Blackout in night

8 Example of simple payback time Storage battery without PV : 25.3 years Capacity: 7.2kWh (Available capacity 80%, chargedischarge efficiency 94%) Monthly electricity fee : 10,000 Yen ( 84) Ratio of daytime electricity consumption: 20% Cost of battery with subsidy: 940,000 Yen ( 7900) Night time electricity charge: 12 Yen/kWh ( 0.10) Daytime electricity charge: 32 Yen/kWh ( 0.27) Daytime electricity fee night time electricity for charging = annual saving 59,445 Yen - 22,292 Yen = 37,154 Yen Cost of battery / annual saving = 940,000 Yen/ 37,154 yen =

9 Storage battery + PV : 13.4 years Capacity: 7.2kWh (Available capacity 80%, chargedischarge efficiency 94%) Monthly electricity fee : 10,000 Yen Ratio of daytime electricity consumption: 20% Cost of battery with subsidy: 940,000 Yen Night time electricity charge: 12 Yen/kWh ( 0.10) Daytime electricity charge: 32 Yen/kWh ( 0.27) PV system capacity: 6kW PV system cost: 2,280,000 Yen FIT for PV power (<10kW): 35 Yen/kWh ( 0.29)

10 Residential PV + Storage after 2019 : uptake of PV storage market may happen FIT program for residential PV system started in 2009 (FIT : 40 Yen/kWh ( 0.33), surplus power only) Purchase term : 10 years end in 2019 Options after selling surplus power at lower price at 11 Yen/kWh (estimated price by a committee under METI) - selling surplus power at higher price to aggregator - introducing storage battery for self-consumption -

11 IEA INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER SYSTEMS PROGRAMME Storages for 2 Distinct PV Worlds Distributed PV Producers Self-consumption, energy effiency, grid parity, competition with utilities distribution business Prosumers Subsidy for LiB & ZEH One technology Centralized PV Grid injection, PPA, competition with utilities generation business Subsidy for utilities (demonstaion) & IPPs

12 Demonstration project for grid stabilization by utility companies Utility Company (Site) Main topic Hokkaido (Minami Hayakita) Measure for frequency fluctuation Tohoku (Nishi-sendai) Measure for frequency fluctuation + balancing Kyushu (Tushima Island) Storage Redox flow Li-ion Li-ion Battery Supplier Sumitomo Electric Industry Toshiba Stailization of grid in an island GS Yuasa Capacity 60,000 kwh 20,000 kwh9 1,616 kwh Output 15,000kW 20,000kW (40,000kW) Demonstration term ~5,000kW

13 Emergency responses to suspension of grid connection of renewable energy (subsidy for storage batteries, control technology, etc.) Budget :74.4 BJPY ( 8.84 million) Eligible technology: PV and wind power Subdisy for IPPs (Business, individuals) Subsidy amount: 30,0000 Yen/kW ( 2.524) Subsidy can be used for PV projects under the FIT program to address output curtailment and requirement for PPAs Source:sii.or.jp In case of.5 MW PV power plant with 9MWh batteries: Subsidy amount: 5.35 million

14 Maximum hosting capacity, approved capacity and commissioned capacity as of the end of September utility companies: Extensive output curtailment Source: Forecasting PV installed capacity in Japan toward FY 2020 and FY

15 RTS Outlook for Japanese PV battery market MWh 3,000 2,500 2,000 Grid 電力系統 Wind 風力発電 PV 太陽光発電 1,500 1,

16 Summary PV + storage for residential PV Subsidy driven market at now several optioncs will be emerged after 2019 Community Storage + aggregation business may emerge with the electricity market reform PV +storage for centralized application Subsidy for utility companies Subsidy for IPPs to conclude grid connection contract (Hokkaido and other islands, storage batteries required for PPA) Cost reduction is expected with the growth of the market Other solutions such as effective curtailment, DSM, etc. should be implemented together with storages

17 Acknowledgement for the support of PVPS activities Contact : Izumi KAIZUKA, RTS Corporation, kaizuka@rts-pv.com Revision of the FIT program in Japan: on Thursday, 7DO.14.1