Smart Power Applications and active influence of power quality in distribution networks with: Energy Storage Solutions

Transcription

1 Tobias Badelt Siemens Ltd. Kenya Divisional Director Low and Medium Voltage, Africa Smart Power Applications and active influence of power quality in distribution networks with: Energy Storage Solutions

2 Agenda 1. Distribution Networks: The Challenge 2. What does Energy Storage do? 3. Applications Power Reactive Compensation Frequency / Voltage Regulation Spinning Reserve Generator Offset Island Solution 4. Technical Concept

3 Today, Generation follows Load to uncoordinated new players on the grid Conventional electricity generation and distribution Provides adequate short-circuit power The available short-circuit power is an indicator for power system stability This means: Electricity supply generated with conventional generators ensures system stability.

4 But the World is changing Generation from wind and solar Leads to considerable fluctuations in generating output Causes imbalance between generation and load Is stochastically dependent on the weather This means: + No short-circuit power + Variation between generation/load Low power system stability

5 Seconds Minutes Hours Days/months Solutions Peak Power Plants Grid Expansion Smart Grid Equipment Energy Storage Time in use H 2 / methane storage (stationary) Li-ion NaS batteries Redox flow batteries Dual film capacitor Flywheel energy storage Supercon-ductor coil diabatic adiabatic CAES Water pumped storage 1 kw 10 kw 100 kw 1 MW 10 MW 100 MW MW Technology Chemical storage Electrochemical storage Mechanical storage Electrical storage Maturity Commercial application Market launch Demonstration Source: Study by DNK/WEC Energie für Deutschland 2011, Bloomberg Energy Storage technologies Q CAES Compressed Air Energy Storage

6 Principle Renewable energy = incalculable Poduction Wind turbines Large solar power plants Required: Power system stability Output Overload Underload Load Time Significant Stabilization also for Grids with Low Renewable Generation

7 Battery Storage Setup POI Grid Connection Panel SCU NR1 NA1 Communication Panel NC1 NC2 NC3 ~ ~ ~ ~ = = = = ~ ~ ~ ~ = = = = ~ ~ ~ ~ = = = = Filter Aux Service Inverter Panel Battery Rack

8 Applications

9 Energy Storage Applications Customer Segments Applications C Rate Generation Transmission & Distribution Industry 1 Renewable integration 0.5 to 2 Microgrid 2 3 Frequency Control Diesel Off-Set 2 to 6 1 to 2 4 Blackstart 1 to 4 5 T&D Deferral 0.5 to 2 6 Peak load Management 1 to 2 7 Power Quality 2 to 4 18 Critical Power 2 to 4 High C Rate: short term high power / Low C Rate: long term lower power output Energy storage: 1. Solution to stabilize a series of critical grid events 2. Key element to run independent Micro Grids

10 1. Peak Load Management Industrial businesses and utility agree on fixed prices for power and maximun load; however, production factors can cause peak loads. Time Shifting Charging ($) Off Peak hour Discharging ($$) Peak hour Peak Load

11 2. Reactive Power Compensation Data Centers, Hospitals and Sensitive Production Plants requires absolute reliable power supply. Power Quality issues and Outage of only a few miliseconds can have serious consequences. Black-start capability and continuous power supply Balance loads to grid relief Voltage Fluctuation Improve voltage / frequency quality Compensate short power failures, voltage imbalances, and undesirable harmonic waves High degree of availability and reliability thanks to modular design

12 Efficiency (%) Power 3. Application: Diesel Offset 1 Surplus Deficiency Renewable Generation Load 1 Improvement on efficiency of diesel generators enhances overall fuel consumption and reduces gas emission. In Islands, E-Storage optimizes the size of generators while improving system performance Unbalance in Networks Time A Initial Investment Generator size Diesel consumption Gas emission Diesel reservoir B Output (% Rated Power) 2 MW A MW B P rated P rated = P max 0.4 x P rated Load Diesel Generation Diesel Generation Load Only Diesel Generator h Diesel Generator + Storage h

13 Generator rated power BESS 4. Spinning Reserve Agency Regulators requires spining reserves to correct quickly disruption to the power supply. E-Storage can instantaneously provide reliable power while freeing up capped assets to generate revenue. Power to the grid within miliseconds increases system stability and lower requirement for standby power ~ 3 to 7% minutes ~ 3 to 7% Net Power Gain Additional fuel to ramp generator up upon request (Incremental emissions & Fuel consumption) ~ 93 to 97% Assets for revenue generation 100% Generator operates below its rated value (non optimal operation) Optimum performance Spinning Reserve Available commercial power

14 Cost 4.1.Spinning Reserve - ROI Application 1 $1,32 Spinning Reserve Company Cost of Event vs Storage Investment Storage Description Data Unit Description Data Unit 1 Customer KPI 1 Installed Power 7,28 MW 2 Nominal Power MW 1 Events per Months 2 times 182 / Months 3 Spinning Reserve % 4% % 1 Time Period 40 Min 4 Spinning Reserve MW 7,28 MW 1 DoD 10% 5 $ / kwh 0,05 $ 1 Energy required 3,64 MWh 6 $ / MWh 50 $ 1 C Rate 2 7 Number of Frequency events / months 2 1 CAPEX 8 Lenghts of Frequency event 20 min 1 / MWh YOY Energy Price increase 5% % 1 CAPEX Storage Monthly Energy MWh Capex others Needed Energy "Spinning Reserve" 5242 MWh / months Capex Total Needed Energy "Spinning Reserve" $ $ $ / months 1 OPEX 13 Year Lost Revenue "Spinning Reserve" $ $ / year 1 Running time 10 years $ 14 Lost Revenue "Spinning Reserve" $ $ $ / 10 Years 1 Charging Cost 0,05 /kwh Cost 15 Year Lost Revenue "Spinning Reserve" / year 1 Cycles of 10 years Siestorage Sizing 1 Annual Service 3% % of CAPEX 17 Power 7,28 MW 1 Chargin Cost (annu Energy need 2,4 MWh 1 Service Cost Maintenance 19 c rate 3,00 1 Opex Year Energy need design 3,6 MWh 1 Opex 10y c rate need design 2, Storage 22 Price per kwh C-rate MWh 23 Price per kwh C-rate <2 24 Est. Price EUR Total Cost / kwh 1.600,0 26 MW 7,28 7,28 27 MWh 2,4 3,6 28 C-Rate 3 2 Interest 10% Year Capex Opex Cash out Cash Out Storage Cash In Cash Flow Barwert Cash Flow EUR ,54 Total Accumulative Return of Investment after 3 years Cash Flow Spinning Reserve / ROI NPV Calculation of Business Case Year

15 5. Off-Grid Island Solutions Fuel Tanks Li-Ion Battery Storage Legend Information Diesel Gensets Electricity Customer benefits: Reduced fuel costs by up to 60% Fleet Control System incl. Power Management Reduced CO2 emissions by up to 50% Reduced logistic/transportation costs High grid stability Consumption Solar Park or Wind Park Off-Grid Power Solutions Manage the complexity of diesel power installations with volatile renewable energy sources Are customized for different local conditions (wind or solar intensity and specific loads) Ensure high grid stability in renewable power thanks to integrated battery storage

16 5.1.Savings in Island Networks Diesel Price Development 14,00 12,00 10,00 8,00 6,00 Diesel adjustment Based on 3,71 /l 15Y Average Diesel Fuel Consumption per day in Liter 4,00 2,00 0, % 10% 12% 15% Average (10%) Liter Diesel Fuel / day Diesel Only Diesel + Siestorage Diesel + Renewable Diesel + Renewable + Siestorage Average 9426, ,5 7188,5 6729,5 Year Fuel Consumption in Liter ,71 average over a period of 15y Diesel Cost /a Diesel Cost /15y Y Saving million Diesel Fuel saving within a 15 year operation time

17 Storage Modular Concept

18 Storage Reference Connection to the medium-voltage grid of Italy s largest energy distributor ENEL Performance: 1 MVA Capacity: 500 kwh Application: Frequency regulation Integration of photavoltaic power plants and for an e-vehicle charging station Black start capability Pilot project in Italy