PRODUCTION OF BIO-DIESEL FROM WASTE COOKING OIL BY USING HOMOGENEOUS CATALYST
|
|
- Clifton McCoy
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Int. J. Chem. Sci.: 12(3), 2014, ISSN X PRODUCTION OF BIO-DIESEL FROM WASTE COOKING OIL BY USING HOMOGENEOUS CATALYST ALI MOHAMMED SALEH * and KAVITA KULKARNI Department f Chemical Engineering, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Cllege f Engineering, PUNE (M.S.) INDIA * Authr fr crrespndence; kskulkarni@bvucep.edu.in; Ph.: ; Fax: ABSTRACT Waste cking il (WCO) was used as bi-diesel feedstck. WCO with methanl was heated at different temperature with the help f cnventinal mechanical stirrer. Ptassium hydrxide (KOH) and sdium hydrxide (NaOH) was used as catalyst. The effect f different peratinal parameters such as, catalyst lading, reactin temperature, and reactin time were evaluated. Frm the results, it was clear that the bi-diesel fuel prduced frm waste cking il (WCO) was within the recmmended standards f bidiesel fuel. The trans-esterificatin reactin using ptassium hydrxide (KOH) catalyst was mre effective than sdium hydrxide (NaOH) catalyst fr the higher yields cnversin. With ptassium hydrxide 0.4 wt. %, yield was 94.4% and cnversin was 97.76% at 60 C, in three hurs reactin time. Key wrds: Bi-diesel, Waste cking il, Trans-esterificatin reactin, Hmgeneus catalyst. INTRODUCTION With the increase in ppulatin, there has been cnsistent demand in every arena fr fuel. Human life is largely dependent n material things. These material things are prduced and transprted with the help f fuel driven mediums, but fuel is largely amassed in very few cuntries f the wrld especially middle-east cuntries. With the grwth f the ecnmy and cnsumptin, the gvernments f many cuntries f the wrld are striving hard t find an alternative t the fssil fuel, which is slw & gradually depleting. Mrever, the fssil fuel leads t pllutin and bad effects n human health. Keeping this int mind, bi-diesel wuld be natural chice fr cuntries largely dependent n imprt s as t utilize the natural resurces in the ptimum manner fr ther basic needs. 1 An alternative fuel fr diesel engines and fr heating il burners culd be vegetable il. Fr engines designed t burn petrl, diesel fuel, vegetable ils has high viscsity must be lwered t run these engines and
2 942 A. M. Saleh and K. Kulkarni: Prductin f Bidiesel frm. heating il burners; therwise will face many prblems (A) Starter prblem (B) Incmplete cmbustin (C) Carbn build up n the pistn (D) Engines kncking (E) Damage the engines 2. When the mn-alkyl esters f fatty acids derived frm vegetable ils r animal ils, it is called Bidiesel. Bi-diesel was synthesized frm edible (Veg r animal) ils and nn edible (Veg r animal) ils 3. Fr bi-diesel prductin edible vegetable ils such as canla, sybean, sun flwer and crn were used and culd be used as diesel substitutes 4,5. Bidiesel was prduced frm the nn-edible il f Karanja by trans-esterificatin f the waste karanja il with methanl in the presence f NaOH as catalyst. In this reactin, cnversin f bidiesel was 92%. Waste cking il (WCO) is cheaper than edible vegetable il s can be used fr bidiesel prductin 6. Waste cking il frm restaurants was used t reduce the cst f feedstck t prduce bidiesel. By use f base catalyst cnversin was 95%. Effect f different variables such as methanl-t-il rati, acid-t-il rati, reactin temperature was studied fr acid catalyzed pretreatment f crude Jatrpha il 7,8. When the feedstck has high free fatty acid t prduce bidiesel with less acid value tw steps had been fllwed in which first was acid catalyst fr ester-factin and secnd step was base catalyst fr trans-esterificatin 9. The prductin f bidiesel was studied frm waste cking il feed stck in ultrasund cavitatin, cnventinal mechanical stirrer, alchl and different catalysts weight (0.5%, 0.75% and 1%). High yield (94.2%) was btained frm waste cking il thrugh ultrasund cavitatin 10. Different aspects such as ptimizatin f methanl fr trans-esterificatin, design parameters were studied using waste cking il as feed stck In this wrk, experiments were carried ut fr the bidiesel prductin frm waste cking il (WCO) using cnventinal trans-esterificatin prcesses. Waste cking il (WCO) cntains high FFA cntent, s that alkali transesterificatin was emplyed using methanl and (KOH & NaOH) catalysts. This wrk aims t evaluate the effect f different perating parameters n the methyl ester yield. Materials and methds EXPERIMENTAL 15 Liters waste cking il (WCO) frm Ruby Hall Clinic, Pune, was cllected. Ptassium hydrxide (KOH), sdium hydrxide (NaOH) flakes and methanl (AR Grade) were used. The mixture was stirred at the cnstant speed fr all experiments. All experiments f trans-esterificatin reactin were carried ut in a 2 Liters rund-bttm flask endwed with a water-cled reflux cndenser. Heating mantle with cnventinal mechanical stirrer methd was used fr heating the mixture in the flask. Equipment Trans-esterificatin experiments were carried ut in a 2 Liters three-necked (first ne fr therm well and secnd fr stpper third fr stirrer) batch reactr. With a cnventinal
3 Int. J. Chem. Sci.: 12(3), mechanical stirrer, a thermcuple cnnected t a heater plate, and tw necks, ne is stpper t remve samples and t feed the raw materials such as (waste cking il, catalyst and methanl) and anther fr the thermmeter (therm well), respectively. The experimental set-up is shwn in Fig. 1. Experimental prcedure Fig. 1: Experimental set-up fr bi-diesel prductin The trans-esterificatin reactin was carried ut in 2 Liters reactin flask with mechanical stirrer, thermmeter, stpper and heating mantle. The trans-esterificatin prcess was studied fr catalyst (0.4 wt. %, 0.7 wt. % and 1.0 wt. % KOH), at a reactin time (1-3 h) at 50, 60, 70 and 80 ± 2 C and at atmspheric pressure. Feed was made free frm water, as any water r misture in the system will cnsume sme f the catalyst and slw the trans-esterificatin reactin. Hence, Feed (WCO) was preheated after cllectin at 110 ± 2 C in rder t ensure n water in the waste cking il (WCO). Waste cking il (WCO) sample was weighed carefully n weighing machine. The sample was fund t be 400 ml waste cking il (WCO), 100 ml methanl and 0.4 wt. % f KOH. The same was fllwed fr NaOH. The mixture was heated up t 60 ± 2 C with cntinuus agitatin fr 3 hr. The reactin mixture was feculent. The prduct was kept in the separating funnel fr 12 hrs. Tw phases having a different density were frmed as a result f trans-esterificatin. Upper layer cnsisted f bi-diesel, alchl and sap and dwn layer cnsisted f glycerin, excess alchl, catalyst, impurities and traces f unreacted il. Tw layers were separated and measured. Purificatin f upper layer was dne i.e. alchl was remved by heating mixture at 80 C and washed with warm distillated water three times.
4 944 A. M. Saleh and K. Kulkarni: Prductin f Bidiesel frm. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION A base catalyst was studied fr 0.4 wt. %, 0.7 wt. % and 1 wt. % KOH and same fr NaOH. Figure 2 and 4 shwed the effect f base catalyst n the yield. The maximum yield was btained fr waste cking il (WCO) at 0.4 wt. % f catalyst. Trans-esterificatin reactin culd nt ccur prperly with an insufficient amunt f a base catalyst was prved during experimentatin. Yield was slightly decreased abve 0.4% f catalyst. Mass transfer became mre imprtant at higher cncentratins. The temperature effect n the yield was studied fr 50 C, 60 C, 70 C and 80 C at atmspheric pressure. The maximum yield was achieved at a temperature f 60 C fr waste cking il (WCO). Frm the result shwn in the Table 1, the maximum yield was 94.4% and cnversin was 97.76% at 60 C and 0.4 wt. % KOH cncentratin. Table 1: Yield and cnversin f bi-diesel prduced frm waste cking il by using KOH catalyst Sample N. Temperature ( C) Catalyst (wt. %) Yield (%) Cnversin (%) Similarly frm Table 2, the maximum yield 93.45% and cnversin 96.47% was btained at 60 C and 0.4 wt. % NaOH cncentratins. Frm Figures 2-5, it can be cncluded that by using KOH catalyst, the bi-diesel yield and cnversin was greater than the NaOH catalyst. The suitable perating cnditins were btained at 60 C reactin temperature, 3 hr
5 Int. J. Chem. Sci.: 12(3), reactin time and 0.4 wt. % KOH catalyst cncentratins. Methyl ester cnversin was gd as the temperature was increased. The perating temperature fr reactin was higher than that f biling pint f methanl s the alchl was evaprated and thus resulted in fewer yields. Table 2: Yield and cnversin f bi-diesel prduced frm waste cking il by using NaOH catalyst Sample N. Temperature ( C) Catalyst (wt. %) Yield (%) Cnversin (%) Bidiesel yield (%) C 60C 70 C 80 C KOH Cnc. (wt. %) Fig. 2: Effect f KOH catalyst n bi-diesel yield
6 946 A. M. Saleh and K. Kulkarni: Prductin f Bidiesel frm. Cnversin (%) C 60C 70 C 80 C KOH Cnc. (wt. %) Fig. 3: Effect f KOH catalyst n cnversin Bidiesel yield (%) NaOH Cnc. (wt. %) 50 C 60C 70 C 80 C Fig. 4: Effect f NaOH catalyst n bi-diesel yield Cnversin (%) NaOH Cnc. (wt. %) 50 C 60C 70 C 80 C Fig. 5: Effect f NaOH catalyst n cnversin
7 Int. J. Chem. Sci.: 12(3), In Table 6, it is shwn that elemental cntent f methyl ester (bi-diesel) fuel prduced frm waste cking il was different than this elemental cntent fr petrl, diesel fuel. These differences in elemental cntents between bi-diesel and the petrl diesel cause difference in the characteristics. The Grss Calrific Value (GCV) f petrl diesel fuel accrding t Indian standard is cal/g and in experimental study it was fund 9870 cal/g fr bi-diesel. Presence f the elements Ca, Mg, K and Na in less amunt fr bi-diesel than cnventinal diesel fuel, therefre the effect f bi-diesel n engine will be less than the effect f cnventinal diesel. Table 3: Yield and cnversin f bi-diesel prduced frm waste cking il by using 0.4 wt. % KOH catalyst at 60 C Sample N. Time (Hr) Yield (%) Cnversin (%) Table 4: Yield and cnversin f bi-diesel prduced frm waste cking il by using 0.4 wt. % NaOH catalyst at 60 0 C Sample N. Time (Hr) Yield (%) Cnversin (%) Table 5: Prperties f methyl ester frm waste cking il Sample Clud pint ( C) ASTM D2500 Test jar methd Pur pint ( C) ASTM D7683 Test jar methd Flash pint ( C) Pensky Marten flash pint apparatus Viscsity (cp) Brkfield DVII + Pr viscmeter Cnt
8 948 A. M. Saleh and K. Kulkarni: Prductin f Bidiesel frm. Sample Clud pint ( C) ASTM D2500 Test jar methd Pur pint ( C) ASTM D7683 Test jar methd Flash pint ( C) Pensky Marten flash pint apparatus Viscsity (cp) Brkfield DVII + Pr viscmeter Table 6: Elemental analysis f methyl ester frm waste cking il S. N. Test descriptin Test result fr sample 1 Test methd 1 Aluminium cntent ppm 0.5 ASTM D Antimny cntent ppm < 0.1 ASTM D Barium cntent ppm < 0.1 ASTM D Brn cntent ppm < 0.1 ASTM D Cadmium cntent ppm < 0.1 ASTM D Calcium cntent ppm 4.5 ASTM D Chrmium cntent ppm 0.2 ASTM D cpper cntent ppm 8.6 ASTM D Irn cntent ppm 0.4 ASTM D Lead cntent ppm 11.5 ASTM D Magnesium cntent ppm 0.3 ASTM D Manganese cntent ppm < 0.1 ASTM D Mlybdenum cntent ppm 2.1 ASTM D Nickel cntent ppm 0.1 ASTM D Phsphrus cntent ppm < 0.1 ASTM D Ptassium cntent ppm 146 ASTM D Silicn cntent ppm 4.1 ASTM D Cnt
9 Int. J. Chem. Sci.: 12(3), S. N. Test descriptin Test result fr sample 1 Test methd 18 Silver cntent ppm < 0.1 ASTM D Sdium cntent ppm 5.3 ASTM D Tin cntent ppm < 0.1 ASTM D Titanium cntent ppm < 0.1 ASTM D Vanadium cntent ppm < 0.1 ASTM D Zinc cntent ppm 13 ASTM D Grss calrific value cal/g 9870 IS 1448(P6)2013 Bidiesel yield (%) Time (hr) KHO (0.4 wt.) NaOH (0.4 wt.) Fig. 6: Effect f time n yield at 60 C 98 Cnversin (%) KHO (0.4 wt.) NaOH (0.4 wt.) Time (hr) Fig. 7: Effect f time n cnversin at 60 C
10 950 A. M. Saleh and K. Kulkarni: Prductin f Bidiesel frm. CONCLUSION Results shwed that using KOH catalyst the bi-diesel yield and cnversin btained was greater than the NaOH catalyst. With ptassium hydrxide reactin, less sap frmatin was btained than sdium hydrxide. The suitable perating cnditins were btained at 60 C reactin temperature, 3 hr reactin time and 0.4 wt. % KOH cncentratins. Reductin in the reactin time was effected n the bi-diesel characteristic such as viscsity and specific gravity as present slight unreacted raw materials (WCO). Als, it was cncluded that increasing the catalyst cncentratin bi-diesel yield was reduced due t the frmatin f sap. Bi-diesel characteristics like viscsity, flash pint, clud pint, specific gravity, grss calrific value, elemental analysis and pur pint were cmparable t diesel. REFERENCES 1. C. L. Petersn DLR, Emissins Tests with an On-Rad Vehicle Fueled with Methyl and Ethyl Esters f Rapeseed Oil, in ASAE Internatinal Winter Meeting, Paper N (1994). 2. W. Xu, L. Ga, S. Wang and G. Xia, Bidiesel Prductin in a Membrane Reactr using MCM-41 Supprted Slid Acid Catalyst, Bi-resurce Technlgy, 159, (2014). 3. Z. Al-Hamamre and J. Yamin, Parametric Study f the Alkali Catalyzed Transesterificatin f Waste Frying Oil fr Bidiesel Prductin, Energy Cnversin and Management, 79, (2014). 4. A. Dhar, R. Kevin and A. K. Agarwal, Prductin f Bidiesel frm High-FFA Neem Oil and its Perfrmance, Emissin and Cmbustin Characterizatin in a Single Cylinder DICI Engine, J. Fuel Prc. Technl., 97, (2012). 5. B. Freedman, E. H. Pryde and T. L. Munts, Variables Affecting the Yields f Fatty Esters frm Transesterified Vegetable Oils, J. Am. Oil Chem. Sc., 61(10), (1984). 6. H. J. Yadav, P. P. Rathd and S. S. Arvind, Bidiesel Preparatin Frm Karanja Oil : An Overview, Int. J. Adv. Engg. Res. Studies, 1(3), (2012). 7. M. Canakci and J. Van Gerpen, Bidiesel Prductin Frm Oils and Fats with High Free Fatty Acids, J. American Sc. Agri. Eng., 44(6), (2001).
11 Int. J. Chem. Sci.: 12(3), P. Nakpng and S. Wtthikankkhan, Optimizatin f Bidiesel Prductin frm Jatrphacurcas L. Oil Via Alkali-catalyzed Methanlysis, J. Sustainable Energy & Envirn., 1, (2010). 9. L. C. Meher, V. S. S. Dharmagadda and S. N. Naik, Optimizatin f Alkali-Catalyzed Transesterificatin f Pngamiapinnata Oil fr Prductin f Bidiesel, J. Biresurce Technl., 97, (2006). 10. A. Pal and S. Singh, Bidiesel Prductin f Waste Cking Oil thrugh Ultra-sund Cavitatin, Int. J. Engg. Res. Technl., 6, (2013). 11. B. Chinmy, K. Y. Ernest and A. B. Maurice, Bidiesel Prductin frm Jatrpha Curcas Oil using Ptassium Carbnate as an Unsupprted Catalyst, Int. J. Chem. React. Eng., 88(3), (2009). 12. L. Wang and J. Yang, Transesterificatin f Sybean Oil with Mn-MgO, Fuel, 86(3), (2007). 13. A. A. Rafaat, Different Techniques fr the Prductin f Bidiesel frm Waste Vegetable Oil, Int. J. Envirn. Sci. Tech., 7(1), (2010). Revised : Accepted :
Methanol Recovery Systems
Methanl Recvery Systems Methanl Recvery fr bidiesel is an imprtant part f the entire bidiesel prcess and invlves the highest cst f peratin fr a bidiesel plant. Only abut half f the methanl used is actually
More informationProduction of Biodiesel Fuel from Waste Soya bean Cooking Oil by Alkali Trans-esterification Process
Current World Environment Vol. 11(1), 260-266 (2016) Production of Biodiesel Fuel from Waste Soya bean Cooking Oil by Alkali Trans-esterification Process Ajinkya Dipak Deshpande*, Pratiksinh Dilipsinh
More informationJatro Renewables S U S T A I N A B L E C H E M I S T R Y F O R E A R T H
Jatr Renewables S U S T A I N A B L E C H E M I S T R Y F O R E A R T H 2004 2010 2004,Transesterificatin: Refine t 2% FFA 2009, Esterificatin: Refine t 15% FFA 2015, Supercritical: Refine t 100% FFA 2015
More informationSYNTHESIS OF BIODIESEL
SYNTHESIS OF BIODIESEL AIM 1. To generate laboratory know-how for the process of production of biodiesel from the given oil feed stock 2. To perform basic mass and energy balance calculations for a large
More informationHYDRAULIC BEARING PULLER
HYDRAULIC BEARING PULLER Parag Ambre 1, Akash Muppid 2, Prf. Nitin Mre 3, Anil Birajdar 4, Sandip Barathe 4 1,2,4,5 BE Mechanical, Dr. D.Y. Patil Schl f Engineering, Pune. 3 Faculty, Dr. D.Y. Patil Schl
More information!!!!! !!! !!! Lubes VDU product property prediction and control. Petrocontrol. Y. Zak Friedman, PhD, Petrocontrol. Syazwan Kamarunzaman, PETRONAS
Petrcntrl Leader in inferential cntrl technlgy Lubes VDU prduct prperty predictin and cntrl By Y. Zak Friedman, PhD, Petrcntrl Syazwan Kamarunzaman, PETRONAS Azura Bt. Azahar, Seung Yun Nam, PETRONAS Cnpt
More informationWORLD COAL AUGUST VOLUME 20 NUMBER World Leader in Material Handling and Coal Preparation
WORLD COAL AUGUST 2011 AUGUST 2011 - VOLUME 20 NUMBER 08 www.energyglbal.cm Wrld Leader in Material Handling and Cal Preparatin Smth peratins, n s r a L d i v Da., C n t r e t s e A.W. Chnes a simple US,
More informationBIODIESEL PRODUCTION FROM JATROPHA CURCAS OIL
Int. J. Chem. Sci.: 9(4), 2011, 1607-1612 ISSN 0972-768X www.sadgurupublications.com BIDIESEL PRDUCTIN FRM JATRPHA CURCAS IL NIRAJ S. TPARE *, SHRUTI G. CHPADE, SUNITA J. RAUT, V. C. RENGE a, SATISH V.
More informationProduction of Biodiesel from Used Groundnut Oil from Bosso Market, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
Production of Biodiesel from Used Groundnut Oil from Bosso Market, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria Alabadan B.A. Department of Agricultural and Bioresources Engineering, Federal University, Oye Ekiti. Ajayi
More informationPROJECT REFERENCE NO.: 39S_R_MTECH_1508
DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURAL WASTE BASED HETEROGENEOUS CATALYST FOR PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL FROM MIXED WASTE COOKING OIL AND ITS PERFORMANCE ON DIESEL ENGINE PROJECT REFERENCE NO.: 39S_R_MTECH_1508 COLLEGE
More informationProject Reference No.: 40S_B_MTECH_007
PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL FROM DAIRY WASH WATER SCUM THROUGH HETEROGENEOUS CATALYST AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF TBC DIESEL ENGINE FOR DIFFERENT DIESEL AND METHANOL BLEND RATIOS Project Reference No.: 40S_B_MTECH_007
More informationPublished in Offshore World, April-May 2006 Archived in
Published in Offshore World, April-May 2006 Archived in Dspace@nitr, http://dspace.nitrkl.ac.in/dspace Preparation of karanja oil methyl ester. R. K. Singh *, A. Kiran Kumar and S. Sethi Department of
More informationNON-ROAD DIESEL EMISSIONS FUEL EFFICIENCY PLAN GUIDELINE VANCOUVER FRASER PORT AUTHORITY
NON-ROAD DIESEL EMISSIONS FUEL EFFICIENCY PLAN GUIDELINE VANCOUVER FRASER PORT AUTHORITY January 31, 2017 VANCOUVER FRASER PORT AUTHORITY Nn-Rad Diesel Emissins Fuel Efficiency Plan Guideline Table f Cntents
More informationMODELLING OF ALKALINITY CHANGES IN LUBRICATING OILS USED IN MARINE DIESEL ENGINES
Jurnal f ONES Pwertrain and Transprt, Vl. 16, N. 2 2009 MODELLING OF ALALINITY CHANGES IN LUBRICATING OILS USED IN MARINE DIESEL ENGINES Andrzej Mynarczak Gdynia Maritime University Department f Marine
More informationPERFORMANCE AND EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF DIESEL ENGINE USING RICE BRAN OIL METHYL ESTER BLEND WITH ADITIVE DIETHYL ETHER (DEE)
International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Research (IJSETR), Volume 3, Issue 2, February 214 PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF DIESEL ENGINE USING RICE BRAN OIL METHYL ESTER
More informationWaste cooking oil as an alternative fuel in compression ignition engine
Waste cooking oil as an alternative fuel in compression ignition engine 1 Kashinath Swami, 2 Ramanagauda C. Biradar, 3 Rahul Patil Research Scholars Department of Mechanical Engineering, W.I.T. Solapur,
More informationPERFORMANCE AND EMISSION TEST OF CANOLA AND NEEM BIO-OIL BLEND WITH DIESEL
PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION TEST OF CANOLA AND NEEM BIO-OIL BLEND WITH DIESEL MR.N.BALASUBRAMANI 1, M.THANASEGAR 2, R.SRIDHAR RAJ 2, K.PRASANTH 2, A.RAJESH KUMAR 2. 1Asst. Professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering,
More informationBiodiesel. As fossil fuels become increasingly expensive to extract and produce, bio-diesel is
Aaron Paternoster CHEM 380 10D Prof. Laurie Grove January 30, 2015 Biodiesel Introduction As fossil fuels become increasingly expensive to extract and produce, bio-diesel is proving to be an economically
More informationThe Outlook for Residual Fuel Production in 2020
The Outlk fr Residual Fuel Prductin in 2020 Presented by Jhn M. Mayes Platt s Bunker & Residual Fuel Oil Cnference June 25, 2015 Turner, Masn & Cmpany Internatinal cnsulting practice since 1971 Dwnstream
More informationSynthetic Lubricants in North America
Synthetic Lubricants in Nrth America Ken Hpe, Ph.D., CLS Chevrn Phillips Chemical C. LLC 3 rd Nrth American Industrial Lubricants Cngress September 19-20, 2018 Tpics Synthetic Definitin Glbally Synthetics
More informationV.Venkatakranthi Teja. N S Raju Institute of Technology (NSRIT), Sontyam, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh , India.
Preparation of Waste Cooking Oil as Alternative Fuel and Experimental Investigation Using Bio-Diesel Setup a Comparative Study with Single Cylinder Diesel Engine Mr.S.Sanyasi Rao Pradesh - 531173, India.
More informationfinery operations. K. C Hellwig, S. Feigelman, H-OIL UPGRADING OF SHALE OIL FEEDS Shale oil thus ob Crude shale oil INTRODUCTION
reserve1 petrleum.2 H-OIL UPGRADING OF SHALE OIL FEEDS K. C Hellwig, S. Feigelman, and S. B. Alpert Reprinted frm CHEMICAL ENGINEERING PROGRESS, August, 1966. INTRODUCTION The estimated recverable f a
More informationAs a driver s blood alcohol concentration (BAC) rises, so does the risk of being involved in a crash.
Abut three in every ten Americans will be invlved in an alchl-related crash at sme time in their lives. Every injury, accident, and death caused by drunk driving is cmpletely preventable. Althugh the number
More informationBIODIESEL PRODUCTION BY A CONTINUOUS PROCESS USING A HETEROGENEOUS CATALYST
J. Curr. Chem. Pharm. Sc.: 2(1), 2012, 12-16 ISSN 2277-2871 BIODIESEL PRODUCTION BY A CONTINUOUS PROCESS USING A HETEROGENEOUS CATALYST SHARDA D. NAGE *, K. S. KULKARNI, A. D. KULKARNI and NIRAJ S. TOPARE
More informationComparison of Performance of Castor and Mustard Oil with Diesel in a Single and Twin Cylinder Kirsloskar Diesel Engine
International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology. ISSN 0974-3154 Volume 6, Number 2 (2013), pp. 237-241 International Research Publication House http://www.irphouse.com Comparison of Performance
More informationTHE APPLICATION OF FUEL STAGING ON REDUCING NO x EMISSIONS FROM GAS BURNER
Jurnal Mekanikal, Jilid Il, 1996 THE APPLICATION OF FUEL STAGING ON REDUCING NO x EMISSIONS FROM GAS BURNER Mhammad Nari Mhd. Jaafar Department faernautics Faculty fmechanical Engineering Universiti Teknlgi
More informationBIODIESEL DEVELOPMENT FROM HIGH FREE FATTY ACID PUNNAKKA OIL
BIODIESEL DEVELOPMENT FROM HIGH FREE FATTY ACID PUNNAKKA OIL Ramaraju A. and Ashok Kumar T. V. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Calicut, Kerala, India E-Mail: ashokkumarcec@gmail.com
More informationBehaviour of Gas Emissions on Mixtures of Diesel & Olive Seed Oil in Relation to Different Temperatures
Behaviur f Gas Emissins n Mixtures f Diesel & Olive Seed Oil in Relatin t Different Temperatures By CHARALAMPOS ARAPATSAKOS, DIMITRIOS CHRISTOFORIDIS, ANASTASIOS KARKANIS Department f Prductin and Management
More informationCharacterization of Crude Glycerol from Biodiesel Produced from Cashew, Melon and Rubber Oils.
Characterization of Crude Glycerol from Biodiesel Produced from Cashew, Melon and Rubber Oils. Otu, F.I 1,a ; Otoikhian, S.K. 2,b and Ohiro, E. 3,c 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University
More informationTest Results of the World s First 1,600 o C J-series Gas Turbine
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Technical Review Vl. 49 N. 1 (March 2012) 18 Test Results f the Wrld s First 1,600 C J-series Gas Turbine SATOSHI HADA *1 KEIZO TSUKAGOSHI *2 JUNICHIRO MASADA *3 EISAKU ITO
More informationPOLLUTION CONTROL AND INCREASING EFFICIENCY OF DIESEL ENGINE USING BIODIESEL
POLLUTION CONTROL AND INCREASING EFFICIENCY OF DIESEL ENGINE USING BIODIESEL Deepu T 1, Pradeesh A.R. 2, Vishnu Viswanath K 3 1, 2, Asst. Professors, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Ammini College of
More informationPSS INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS
PSS INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS Imprtant - Read Befre Starting! Befre starting yur installatin carefully read the fllwing warnings and instructins. Failure t prperly fllw the warnings and instructins culd
More informationTransesterification of Waste Cooking Oil with Methanol and Characterization of the Fuel Properties of the Resulting Methyl Ester and its Blends
International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies ISSN 2028-9324 Vol. 22 No. 1 Dec. 2017, pp. 44-53 2017 Innovative Space of Scientific Research Journals http://www.ijias.issr-journals.org/ Transesterification
More informationTransesterification of Palm Oil with NaOH Catalyst Using Co-solvent Methyl Ester
International Journal of ChemTech Research CODEN (USA): IJCRGG, ISSN: 0974-4290, ISSN(Online):2455-9555 Vol.9, No.12, pp 570-575, 2016 Transesterification of Palm Oil with NaOH Catalyst Using Co-solvent
More informationMethanol recovery during transesterification of palm oil in a TiO2/Al2O3 membrane reactor: Experimental study and neural network modeling
University of Malaya From the SelectedWorks of Abdul Aziz Abdul Raman 2010 Methanol recovery during transesterification of palm oil in a TiO2/Al2O3 membrane reactor: Experimental study and neural network
More informationCHAPTER 4 PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL
56 CHAPTER 4 PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL 4.1 INTRODUCTION Biodiesel has been produced on a large scale in the European Union (EU) since 1992 (European Biodiesel Board 2008) and in the United States of America
More informationTrouble Shooting Guide for AFVK-SP Series Valve Kit (AF-4000 Series Gas Valves)
Truble Shting Guide fr AFVK-SP Series Valve Kit (AF-4000 Series Gas Valves) AFVK-SP, AFVK-SP-H/L, AFVK-SP-MH/L AFVK-SP Series Valve Kit Truble Shting Guide (AF-4000 Series) TABLE OF CONTENTS General Infrmatin
More informationPotential vegetable oils of Indian origin as biodiesel feedstock An experimental study
Journal of Scientific AGARWAL & Industrial et al: Research POTENTIAL VEGETABLE OILS OF INDIAN ORIGIN AS BIODIESEL FEEDSTOCK Vol. 71, April 212, pp. 285-289 285 Potential vegetable oils of Indian origin
More informationGearbox Installation Manual
Gearbx Installatin Manual Rtrk Gears HOB/MPR & HOS/MPR ranges (Electrnic cpy available n www.rtrk.cm)! This manual cntains imprtant safety infrmatin. Please ensure it is thrughly read and understd befre
More informationOptimization of Biodiesel production parameters (Pongamia pinnata oil) by. transesterification process,
Journal of Advanced & Applied Sciences (JAAS) Volume 03, Issue 03, Pages 84-88, 2015 ISSN: 2289-6260 Optimization of Biodiesel production parameters (Pongamia pinnata oil) by transesterification process
More informationEnergyBar 6. Setup Guide
EnergyBar 6 Setup Guide WELCOME Cngratulatins n yur purchase f the Apex EnergyBar 6! The EnergyBar 6 allws the Apex system t cntrl up t six 230 vlt items such as lights, pumps, fans, heaters, chillers
More informationC-BOA Tool Validation of Energy Savings Estimation Methods
C-BOA Tl Validatin f Energy Estimatin Methds February 21, 2012 1 f 7 Table f Cntents Summary... 3 Recmmendatin... 3 Evaluatin Apprach... 3 Technical Advisry Grup Oversight... 3 Prject Specificatins...
More informationAvailable online at ScienceDirect. Procedia Engineering 105 (2015 )
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia Engineering 15 (215 ) 638 645 6th BSME International Conference on Thermal Engineering (ICTE 214) Production of Biodiesel Using Alkaline
More informationRapid Concept Design Process for EV And HEV, Including Fuel Economy Robustness. Barry James Chief Technical Officer September 2015
Rapid Cncept Design Prcess fr EV And HEV, Including Fuel Ecnmy Rbustness Barry James Chief Technical Officer September 2015 Cntents Strategy fr Fuel Ecnmy Imprvements Case Studies Reductin in lsses thrugh
More informationInvestigation of Fuel Properties of Crude Rice Bran Oil Methyl Ester and Their Blends with Diesel and Kerosene
International Journal of Engineering Science Invention ISSN (Online): 2319 6734, ISSN (Print): 2319 6726 Volume 3 Issue 6ǁ June 2014 ǁ PP.04-09 Investigation of Fuel Properties of Crude Rice Bran Oil Methyl
More informationMag-Nus2 MAGNETIC, SELF CLEANING, DIRT SEPARATOR
Mag-Nus2 MAGNETIC, SELF CLEANING, DIRT SEPARATOR CT3548.0_00 EN Octber 2017 Retains all impurities Self-cleaning Excellent hydraulic prperties Can be munted n vertical, hrizntal and diagnal piping Increases
More informationJATROPHA AND KARANJ BIO-FUEL: AN ALTERNATE FUEL FOR DIESEL ENGINE
JATROPHA AND KARANJ BIO-FUEL: AN ALTERNATE FUEL FOR DIESEL ENGINE Surendra R. Kalbande and Subhash D. Vikhe College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Marathwada Agriculture University, Parbhani
More informationAspen-Hysys Simulation of a Condensate Fractionation Plant
Internatinal Cnference n Mechanical, Industrial and Materials Engineering 2013 (ICMIME2013) 1-3 Nvember, 2013, RUET, Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Aspen-Hysys Simulatin f a Cndensate Fractinatin Plant Paper ID:
More informationPRAIRIE 360 4X4 (KVF360-A/C), PRAIRIE 360 2X4 (KVF360-B), PRAIRIE 650 4X4 (KVF650-A/B), PRAIRIE 700 4X4 (KVF700-A/B/D),
SERVICE REPLACES: Please discard ATV 07-02 dated 4/5/07 MODEL: PRAIRIE 360 4X4 (KVF360-A/C), PRAIRIE 360 2X4 (KVF360-B), PRAIRIE 650 4X4 (KVF650-A/B), PRAIRIE 700 4X4 (KVF700-A/B/D), KFX700 (KSV700-A/B/C),
More informationAuxiliary Power Units. Kevin Centek Non-Primary Systems Team Leader. UNCLASSIFIED: Dist A. Approved for public release
Auxiliary Pwer Units Kevin Centek Nn-Primary Systems Team Leader Reprt Dcumentatin Page Frm Apprved OMB N. 0704-0188 Public reprting burden fr the cllectin f infrmatin is estimated t average 1 hur per
More informationFIRST: Top battery (closest to the arm) SECOND: Middle battery. LAST: Top battery (furthest from arm)
Hw t Install the Batteries Hw t Hld the Lamp: The InteliEnergy Lamp selectin switches utilize the same technlgy as cell phnes: Capacitive Tuch. This assures the ultimate in lngevity because there are n
More informationSolvent Filter. What is a Solvent Trap, Solvent Recycler or Solvent Filter? Why use a solvent filter? Why is the HIT Solvent Filter better?
Slvent Filter What is a Slvent Trap, Slvent Recycler r Slvent Filter? It is a device attached t the end f a threaded barrel that cllects all f the slvent and debris as it is cleaned frm the barrel and
More informationProperties and Use of Jatropha Curcas Ethyl Ester and Diesel Fuel Blends in Variable Compression Ignition Engine
Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research Vol. 74, June 2015, pp. 343-347 Properties and Use of Jatropha Curcas Ethyl Ester and Diesel Fuel Blends in Variable Compression Ignition Engine R Kumar*, A
More informationGeneral Faucet Installation Instructions
General Faucet Installatin Instructins Step 1: Psitin the Faucet Begin installing yur faucet by placing the gasket and faucet in psitin n the sink. (Diagram A) Frm under the sink, thread the plastic munting
More informationVALVE-REGULATED SEALED LEAD ACID BATTERY. FMJ GEL Series. High Performance. Product Guide
VALVE-REGULATED SEALED LEAD ACID BATTERY FMJ GEL Series High Perfrmance Prduct Guide Cntents Intrductin...01 Technical Features...01 Applicatins...02 Certificatin...02 Standards...02 General Specificatins...02
More informationDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, JSPM s Imperial College of Engineering & Research, Wagholi, Pune-14, India
International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology E-ISSN 2277 4106, P-ISSN 2347 5161 2016 INPRESSCO, All Rights Reserved Available at http://inpressco.com/category/ijcet Research Article An experimental
More informationFirefly International Energy Co. Inc.
Firefly Internatinal Energy C. Inc. http://www.fireflyenergy.cm/ Future : Lead-Carbn = Firefly (Advanced Lead- Acid Battery) Firefly s revlutinary battery technlgy was brn in the Research and Develpment
More informationExperimentation On Bio-kerosene Stove Using Organic Additive
Experimentation On Bio-kerosene Stove Using Organic Additive M.Varshini 1,a) and Divakar Shetty 2, b 1,2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amrita School of Engineering, Bengaluru, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham,
More informationBatteries and wireless microphones
Batteries and wireless micrphnes Shure Technical FAQ Batteries and wireless micrphnes Published 07/06/2000 04:47 PM Updated 03/16/2015 01:56 PM QUESTION: What type f battery shuld I use with my wireless
More informationINSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS FOR PART #47002 WATER / METHANOL INJECTION SYSTEM UNIVERSAL TURBO DIESEL
Kit Cntents INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS FOR PART #47002 WATER / METHANOL INJECTION SYSTEM UNIVERSAL TURBO DIESEL Parts UHO Pump (Ultra High Output) 3 Qt Reservir 10 ft High Pressure Tubing 3 ft Black Wire
More informationMG1 TM COMPACT MAGNETIC SYSTEM FILTER
MG1 TM COMPACT MAGNETIC SYSTEM FILTER CT3070.0_00 EN Nvember 2015 Patent applicatin n. 202015000064159 Super cmpact Retains all impurities Fights crrsin Increases the lifespan f the biler Maintains ptimum
More informationAOA 2017 Conference 2 Phase & 3 Phase Decanters. 2 Phase & 3 Phase Decanters
AOA 2017 Cnference 2 Phase & 3 Phase Decanters 2 Phase & 3 Phase Decanters AOA 2017 Cnference 2 Phase & 3 Phase Decanters DECANTERS 2 phase and 3 phase decanters have a lt in cmmn. They use high rtatinal
More informationWhat s s in your Tank?
What s s in your Tank? Biodiesel Could Be The Answer! Matthew Brown Lakewood High School Tom Hersh Golden West Community College Overview What is biodiesel? Chemistry of biodiesel Safety Making Biodiesel
More informationLow Temperature Aftertreatment (LTAT) Team
USDRIVE Advanced Cmbustin and Emissin Cntrl (ACEC) Tech Team: Lw-Temperature Strage Catalyst Test Prtcl 2017 CLEERS Wrkshp, Ann Arbr, Michigan Octber 3, 2017 Lw Temperature Aftertreatment (LTAT) Team Craig
More informationOptimization of Karanja oil transesterification
Indian Journal of Chemical Technology Vol. 13, September 2006, pp. 505-509 Optimization of Karanja oil transesterification N Prakash*, A Arul Jose, M G Devanesan & T Viruthagiri Department of Chemical
More information4. Synthesis of Biodiesel from Palm Fatty Acid Distillate. Research Article
4. Synthesis of Biodiesel from Palm Fatty Acid Distillate Research Article Abstract Tarun Kataria Third Year Bachelor of Technology Department of Oils, Oleochemicals & Surfactant Technology Palm fatty
More informationTips & Technology For Bosch business partners
Tips & Technlgy Fr Bsch business partners Current tpics fr successful wrkshps N. 35/2011 Gasline injectin Invented fr life Lambda sensr Knw-hw frm the market leader Bsch, innvative cmpany and wrld's largest
More information;THI~~Sf\-FEJY _.:.. ;'..»...
45 -CHAPTER......... j...,.. 8 ~\..- ;THI~~Sf\-FEJY _.:.. ;'..».......,. np;,llf I~~yeantlfreez~in ah'penc8ntaiil~rr spllledq.l,1thefi()r ~~erifit:p1ightbe acc;~ss:lblle.i t children r ariimals.antifreezeis'txic
More informationCar Refrigerator PFN-C-WEA-25/35/45/55
Car Refrigeratr PFN-C-WEA-25/35/45/55 Accessries available separately:- Prtective Transit Bag AC0V -240Vt DC 2 V Pwer Adaptr Please read this manual carefully befre using yur unit. Sectin Page Key Prduct
More informationInternational Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development PRODUCTION OF AN ALTERNATIVE FUEL FROM A LOW COST FEEDSTOCK- AN ECONOMICAL VIEW
Scientific Journal of Impact Factor (SJIF): 5.71 e-issn (O): 2348-4470 p-issn (P): 2348-6406 International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development International Conference on Momentous
More informationBiodiesel Production from waste Oil with Micro-Scale Biodiesel System Under Laboratory Condition
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development e-issn: 2278-067X, p-issn: 2278-800X, www.ijerd.com Volume 13, Issue 1 (January 2017), PP.11-18 Biodiesel Production from waste Oil with Micro-Scale
More information, RMK College of Engineering and Technology R.S.M.Nagar, Puduvoyal, India Corresponding author
Extraction of Biodiesel from Sunflower Oil and Evaluating its Performance and Emission Characteristics in DI Diesel Engine G.K.Bharath Sai Kumar 1, K.Rajesh 2, A.Harish Kumar Sharma 3, S. Balachandran
More informationUse of Sunflower and Cottonseed Oil to prepare Biodiesel by catalyst assisted Transesterification
Research Journal of Chemical Sciences ISSN 2231-606X Use of Sunflower and Oil to prepare Biodiesel by catalyst assisted Transesterification Abstract *Patni Neha, Bhomia Chintan, Dasgupta Pallavi and Tripathi
More informationPREFERRED RELIABILITY PRACTICES. Practice:
PREFERRED RELIABILITY PRACTICES PRACTICE NO. PD-EC-1103 PAGE 1 f 6 Octber 1995 Ni-Cd CONVENTIONAL SPACECRAFT BATTERY HANDLING AND STORAGE Practice: Flight prjects develp and implement handling and strage
More informationMG1 TM MAGNETIC SUPER-COMPACT SYSTEM FILTER
MG1 TM MAGNETIC SUPER-COMPACT SYSTEM FILTER CT3070.0_01 EN June 2016 Patent applicatin n. 202015000064159 Super cmpact Retains all impurities Fights crrsin Increases the lifespan f the biler Maintains
More informationQuantitative Analysis of Chemical Compositions from Various Sources of Crude Glycerine
CMU.J.Nat.Sci.Special Issue on Agricultural & Natural Resources (2012) Vol.11 (1) 157 Quantitative Analysis of Chemical Compositions from Various Sources of Crude Glycerine Adisorn Settapong * and Chaiyawan
More informationApplications. Sales. Billing. Production. Inventory. Finance
A b u t U l t i m u s Ultimus Sftware Private Limited has prmted with the basic Objective f Develping User-Centered Prducts & Slutins useful fr small and medium scale enterprises. Alng with Prduct Building
More informationSafety and Operation. Original Instructions
Original Instructins Safety and Operatin Zenith Pumps 1710 Airprt Rd. Mnre, NC 28110 USA Phne: +1.704.289.6511 E-mail: CustmerCare@ClfaxCrp.cm Internet: http://www.zenithpumps.cm Dcument N. Man-Zenith-Ops-English
More informationSWP200 SERIES: PHOTOVOLTAIC KITS FOR WATER PUMPING
File ref.: KITswp0_ing Rev. 00-04.0 SWP0 SERIES: PHOTOVOLTAIC KITS FOR WATER PUMPING Water is ne f the few resurces, withut which mankind cannt d. Man has t supply with certain quantities f water in rder
More informationAdvancements in Activated Carbons
Advancements in Activated Carbns Sheila Glesmann SVP Envirnmental and External Affairs McIlvaine Ht Tpic Hur New Develpments in Pwer Plant Air Pllutin Cntrl July 11, 2013 1 1990s Multiple-pllutant cntrl
More informationLithium Battery Shipping Overview
Lithium batteries are used in many electrnic devices such as cameras, cell phnes, laptp cmputers, medical equipment and pwer tls. When shipping r imprting lithium batteries, including thse cntained in
More informationSAE Eco-Marathon. By Travis Moore, Nikolaus Glassy, John Gamble, and Abdulrahman Alshodokhi Team 14
SAE Ec-Marathn By Travis Mre, Niklaus Glassy, Jhn Gamble, and Abdulrahman Alshdkhi Team 14 Prject Frmulatin and Prject Plan Dcument Submitted twards partial fulfillment f the requirements fr Mechanical
More informationInstallation Instructions AQ-5100, AQ-5200 & AQ-5300 Under Counter Water Filter Single Stage (5100), Two Stage (5200) and Three Stage (5300) systems
Live Healthy s ' p V iv Installatin Instructins AQ-5100, AQ-5200 & AQ-5300 Under Cunter Water Filter Single Stage (5100), Tw Stage (5200) and Three Stage (5300) systems Welcme t the Aquasana experience.
More informationAssistant Professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engg., Shri Ram College of Engineering & Management, Banmore, Gwalior (M.P) 2
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF 4 STROKE COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINE BY USING DIESEL AND PROCESSED WASTE COOKING OIL BLEND Neelesh Soni 1, Om Prakash Chaurasia 2 1 Assistant Professor, Dept. of Mechanical
More informationMaterial Science Research India Vol. 7(1), (2010)
Material Science Research India Vol. 7(1), 201-207 (2010) Influence of injection timing on the performance, emissions, combustion analysis and sound characteristics of Nerium biodiesel operated single
More informationThe Benefits of Coiled or Continuous Rod
The Benefits f Ciled r Cntinuus Rd Pr-Rd ciled rd prvides a superir alternative t cnventinal sucker rd fr bth reciprcating and PC pump systems. Remving almst all the cnnectins frm the rd string can substantially
More informationEXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON PERFORMANCE OF DIESEL ENGINE USING BIO-DIESEL
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON PERFORMANCE OF DIESEL ENGINE USING BIO-DIESEL Vishwanath V K 1, Pradhan Aiyappa M R 2, Aravind S Desai 3 1 Graduate student, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Nitte Meenakshi Institute
More informationABTQ-103 rev 01 Last review:
INSTALLATION, OPERATION & MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS FOR ABTECH PCS Cntrl Statin Purpse f Instructins Wrking in hazardus areas, the safety f persnnel and plant depends n cmplying with all relevant safety
More informationINVESTOR REPORT GREEN BONDS / VOLVOFINANS BANK AB
INVESTOR REPORT GREEN BONDS / VOLVOFINANS BANK AB 2018 Investr reprt - Green Bnds In May 2017, Vlvfinans Bank issued its first, and t date, nly green bnd, being nly the secnd such green issue ever in Eurpe
More informationEmission Analysis Of The Biodiesel From Papaya And Chicken Blends
Research Paper Volume 2 Issue 7 March 2015 International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research ISSN (Online): 2347-1697 Emission Analysis Of The Biodiesel From Paper ID IJIFR/ V2/ E7/ 059 Page No.
More informationINSTALLATION & USER S GUIDE
REKLUSE MOTOR SPORTS The Rekluse EXP Clutch OVERVIEW INSTALLATION & USER S GUIDE Dc ID: 191-6000 Manual Revisin: 050514 This kit will replace sme f the OEM frictins and drive plates with the EXP disk.
More informationADVISORY: General Motors Upfitter Integration Bulletin #108d P a g e 1 May 18, 2016
Subject: Aftermarket ALDL r DLC Interface Devices Causing Multiple Issues Mdels All Passenger Cars and Trucks Affected: Mdel Years: 2006 and beynd Date: February 4, 2013 Revisin Date: May 18, 2016 ADVISORY:
More informationCRUSHER BUCKETS. Made In Italy
CRUSHER BUCKETS Made In Italy Abut italdem: Italiademlitri srl is the manufacturer f italdem prducts ne f the mst well knwn brands f hydraulic hammers and ne f the market leaders nt nly in Italy but als
More informationINSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS FOR PART #20010 RT1/RT2/DOM WATER / METHANOL INJECTION SYSTEMS
Kit Cntents INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS FOR PART #20010 RT1/RT2/DOM WATER / METHANOL INJECTION SYSTEMS Parts UHO Pump (Special High Output) 3 Qt Reservir 10 Ft High Pressure Tubing 3 Ft Wire Lm 18 1/8 Silicne
More informationFiltertechnik Filtration, Purification & Separation Solutions
Titration kit for biodiesel production Filtertechnik Filtration, Purification & Separation Solutions Using this kit will enable you to accurately determine the amount of Free Fatty Acid (FFA) in your vegetable
More informationRESEARCH PROJECT REPORT. Trash to Treasure. Clean Diesel Technologies for Air Pollution Reduction. Submitted to. The RET Site. For
RESEARCH PROJECT REPORT Trash to Treasure Clean Diesel Technologies for Air Pollution Reduction Submitted to The RET Site For Civil Infrastructure Renewal and Rehabilitation Sponsored by The National Science
More informationBiodiesel production from waste vegetable oils over MgO/Al 2 O 3 catalyst
Biodiesel production from waste vegetable oils over MgO/Al 2 O 3 catalyst Thembi Sithole 1, a, Kalala Jalama 1,b and Reinout Meijboom 2,c 1 Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Johannesburg,
More informationBUTTON CELL CR2430 BSI M G T E D BRIEF SPECIFICATION
BUTTON ELL R2430 BSI RE M G IS T E D RE IR F BRIEF SPEIFIATION Mdel: R2430 Nminal Vltage: V Nminal apacity: 270mAh Standard Discharge urrent: 0.4mA Weight: 4.0g Stainless steel cntainer ISO9002 ertified
More informationE+ Battery Care Guide
Electric Mtin Systems, LLC 45150 Business Curt, Suite 300 Dulles, VA 20166 USA E+ Battery Care Guide Welcme! Yur E+ Hub Battery Pack is a pwerful, sphisticated, and imprtant part f yur E+ Electric Bicycle.
More information12V FRONT TERMINAL FLAT PLATE AGM/GEL BATTERY
12V FRONT TERMINAL FLAT PLATE AGM/GEL BATTERY SEC - 12 - FTA/FTG inf@secbattery.cm / www.secbattery.cm SEC Industrial Battery C. Ltd. Battery Pr le DESIGN LIFE 12 year design life in flat service @ 25
More information