ALT #2 fail light on but Alternator is still charging (MCU 100/120):
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- Maryann Carter
- 5 years ago
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1 ALT #2 fail light on but Alternator is still charging (MCU 100/120): We have seen this happen a lot. The good news is there is probabl nothing wrong with the aircraft. Basic MCU Function: The MCU has a lot of components, but the main ones are: Field Control Modules: regulate the voltage output of the alternators. Current sensors: senses the current through the loop and sends the information to the logic module Logic Module: Reads the current levels from the sensors, reads the voltage level of the essential bus, and decides when the alternator fail light should turn on, and when the low volts light should turn on. ALT Fail Light Annunciation Logic: The logic module has trigger level for the alternator warning light we will call the light-on threshold. The light-on threshold is set at approximatel 3 amps *, so when the alternator current output drops below that threshold, the fail light will illuminate after a second dela to indicate that the output is low. If at an point the alternator output raises above the light-on threshold, the light will turn off and the dela timer will restart. The Logic Module will also provide a flashing ALT fail light which indicates an over charging condition. *Now in realit, the approximatel 3 amps light-on threshold is actuall anwhere from 3 amps all the wa up to 5 or 6 amps. Alternator and batter charging: Depending on how long the batter is left on before the alternators start charging, the alternator will charge at some higher level and slowl decrease its output as the batter charges back up. At some point the batter will become full charged, and the alternator output will stabilize to the level that is required to power the items that are on its electrical buss. Conditions that happen when the light-on threshold drifts too high: In a tpical SR20/SR22 with a MCU 100/110/120/130, when the batteries stabilize and the sstem is full charged, the alt#2 will charge approximatel 3-6 amps to power the items on the Essential and Avionics Essential busses. If the light-on threshold is below the alternators stabilized output, then the fail light will not turn on unless the alternators output drops below the threshold due to a failure So the light is operating normall. If the light-on threshold is at or around the same level as the alternators stabilized output, the ALT#2 Fail light will intermittentl turn on. (Some ma even go awa when ou transmit on the com, or turn on the pitot heat, etc. due to the initial spike in current, onl to come back shortl after when the dela timer has been reached). If the light-on threshold is above the stabilized output of the ALT#2, the fail light will remain on constantl, even though the alternator is charging just fine.
2 Possible Causes to the problem: There are man factors that can contribute an alternator fail light problem such as: Tolerances: current sensor output, logic module thresholds Corrosion: pins, connectors inside the MCU Drift: as parts age the drift awa from the original operating points Batter aging: As the batter ages it takes less charge An actual problem with the alternator charging sstem How to verif if alternator #2 is working: To verif that ALT#2 is working, all ou have to do is turn off alternator #1 and verif that the essential bus is still charging over 28V while the engine is running at 2000 RPM or higher. *For a more in depth MCU function check, see the attached check list. Possible fixes: First off, our Engineering department has recentl been made aware of this issue and the are working on a solution. In the mean time, it is not recommended to change out parts because the likelihood that the problem will not be corrected, or will return in a short time is ver high. If changing parts, be aware that all of the current sensors have some common reference voltages and grounds between them so one bad apple can spoil the bunch. If ou see a current indication that is pegged to the positive or negative extremes, then one or more of the current sensors is fault. Also be aware that corrosion can cause false fail light indications, false current indications, and actual charging problems.
3 CIRRUS AIRPLANE MAINTENANCE MANUAL MODELS SR22 AND SR22T 1 and caution lights illuminate. 2 Flap position light illuminates. 3 Engine instruments are operational and manifold pressure gage indicates approximatel the altimeter setting. 4 Ammeter select switch shows slight discharge in BAT position. (d) Start Engine and set engine speed at 1000 RPM. (e) Verif landing light, pitot heat, avionics, strobe lights, and navigation lights are on. (f) Switch ON and ON. (g) Increase RPM to (h) Check that LOW VOLT light is off and ammeter shows no current discharge in BAT position. (i) Increase RPM to (j) Check that LOW VOLT light is off and ammeter shows no current discharge in BAT position. (k) Switch ON and OFF. Verif and record operating values. Clock/Volts Voltmeter BAT LOW 27V V 27V - 28V Pos < 40A 0 - Pos 0A OFF OFF ON (l) Switch OFF and ON. Verif and record operating values. Clock/Volts Voltmeter BAT LOW 20V - 24V 28V - 29V 0A 0A - Neg 2A - 20A OFF ON OFF (m) Switch ON and ON. Verif and record operating values. Clock/Volts Voltmeter BAT LOW 27V V 28V - 29V Pos < 40A 0A - Pos 2A - 20A OFF OFF OFF Page Jun 2010 EFFECTIVITY: All
4 CIRRUS AIRPLANE MAINTENANCE MANUAL MODELS SR22 AND SR22T (n) Switch OFF and OFF. Verif and record operating values. Clock/Volts Voltmeter BAT LOW 20V - 24V 20V - 24V 0A Neg < 40A 0A ON ON ON (o) Shut down engine. (4) Operational Inspection - Master Control Unit - Serials w/ Perspective Avionics In order to perform the following check the engine must be operating. Do not stand or let anone else stand close to the arc of the airplane s propeller while conducting this check. (a) Verif all circuit breakers are set. (b) Toggle batter 2 master switch to the ON position and verif the following occurs: 1 Flap position light off. 2 Attitude gro low voltage flag hidden. 3 PFD powers up. 4 MFD is off. 5 Essential Bus voltage (indicated on PFD) is 22 to 26 volts. 6 and caution annunciations on PFD. (c) Toggle batter 1 master switch to the ON position and verif the following occurs: 1 Flap position light illuminates. 2 MFD powers up. 3 Pull PFD #1 circuit breaker and verif PFD remains on. 4 Reset PFD #1 circuit breaker. 5 Pull STDBY ATTD #1 circuit breaker and verif attitude gro voltage flag remains hidden. 6 Reset STDBY ATTD #1 circuit breaker. 7 Pull MFD #2 circuit breaker and verif MFD remains on. 8 Reset MFD #2 circuit breaker. 9 Switch on Landing Light and verif Landing Light illuminates. 10 Switch off Landing Light. 11 Serials w/ Fan or Air Conditioning: Turn on Cabin Fan and verif fan is on. 12 Serials w/ Fan or Air Conditioning: Turn off Cabin Fan. 13 and caution annunciations on PFD. 14 BAT 1 current indicator shows slight discharge. (d) Start Engine and set engine speed at 1000 RPM. (e) Switch ON and ON. (f) Verif landing light, pitot heat, avionics, strobe lights, and navigation lights are on. (g) Increase RPM to (h) Check that BAT 1,,, ESS BUS, M BUS 1, and M BUS 2 caution and warning annuncuations are off. (i) Increase RPM to (j) Check that BAT 1,,, ESS BUS, M BUS 1, and M BUS 2 caution and warning annuncuations are off. EFFECTIVITY: All Page Jan 2012
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6 CIRRUS AIRPLANE MAINTENANCE MANUAL MODELS SR22 AND SR22T RELAY EXTERNAL POWER VOLT REG 100A 15A F B LANDING LIGHT 1 MAIN DIST LANDING LIGHT BAT 1 BAT 1 STARTER F B FUEL OIL LOW PITOT HEAT 50A 50A ESSENTIAL DIST VOLT REG 40A MASTER CONTROL UNIT 30A BAT 2 BAT 2 CIRCUIT BREAKER PANEL NON-ESSENTIAL MAIN BUS 1 TRAFF/TAWS GPS 2 COM 2 XPNDER XM/WX MFD AUDIO PANEL FUEL QUANTITY REC/INST LTS PITCH TRIM ROLL TRIM ICE PROTECT MAIN BUS 2 NON-ESSENTIAL FUEL PUMP TRN CRD #2 ATTITUDE #2 PFD #2 CABIN LTS 2A START RELAY PITOT/FAN 12V/ANR STROBE LTS NAV LTS FLAPS ESSENTIAL ESSENTIAL ANN/ENG IND TRN CRD #1 ATTITUDE #1 2A PFD #1 STALL WARN BATTERY 2 ESS POWER AUTOPILOT COM 1 GPS 1 2A ESSENTIAL RELAY ATT GYRO A/C 2 FAN COMPR/CTRL A/C 1 CONDENSER NON-ESSENTIAL RELAY NOTE Serials thru , thru and thru : 80A fuse. Serials thru , thru and thru : 100A fuse. Serials , , , & subs. SR22_MM24_1426F Page 2 15 Jun 2010 Figure Electrical Sstem Schematic - Serials w/o Perspective Avionics (Sheet 1 of 3) EFFECTIVITY: Serials w/o Perspective Avionics
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