Ann Arbor: National Test Environment for Connected Vehicles

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1 Ann Arbor: National Test Environment for Connected Vehicles The Business of IT September Peter Sweatman Jim Sayer David Kapp

2 Outline UMTRI s increasing impact in transportation research Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) in SE Michigan Ann Arbor is the national test environment for connected vehicles the USDOT Safety Pilot program

3 UMTRI s strategic goals Elevate transportation as a priority in sustainability research and policy Conduct system-solution research for safe and efficient vehicle movement Apply the public health model to reduce transportation-related injuries and social disparities in access to safe mobility Advance the sciences of vehicle crash avoidance and occupant protection Develop the Center for Management of Information for Safe and Sustainable Transportation (CMISST)

4 Our footprint IVBSS SAFETY PILOT TOYOTA CSRC UTC SMART SWT 2020 Impact for Sustainable Contribution IVBSS Integrated Vehicle Based Safety Systems SAFETY PILOT V2V &V2I SWT Strategic Worldwide Transportation UTC University Transportation Center SMART Sustainable Mobility Accessibility Research & Transformation INJURY CENTER U-M INJURY CENTER Scientific Excellence Scientific excellence is expected Impact for sustainable contribution will differentiate us

5 Collaboration with industry under federal funding Annual revenue of M$23 and 120 full-time staff Sponsored projects for Federal Government (75 %), auto industry (15 %), Michigan Government and others Federal Government sponsorship from DoT (75 %) and NIH Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) account for more than 30 % of revenue

6 UMTRI Overview Annual revenue of $23M and 120 full-time staff Sponsored projects for Federal Government (75%), auto industry (15%), Michigan Government and others Federal Government sponsorship from Department of Transportation (75%) and National Institutes for Health Wide-ranging disciplinary emphases, including engineering, psychology, and statistics.

7 UMTRI Research Groups Behavioral Sciences Biosciences Driver Interface Engineering Systems Human Factors Intelligent Transportation Systems Integration Transportation Data Center Vehicle Safety Analytics Vehicle Systems and Control Young Driver Behavior and Injury Prevention

8 Enabling large programs - USDOT supported studies IVBSS M$33 awarded to UMTRI Completed August 2010 NHTSA heavy trucks advanced safety systems VII M$53 awarded to CAMP and VII-C UMTRI contracted by MDOT to evaluate and document VII data from SE Michigan Test Bed ITS, V2V, V2I and V2X Heavy truck V2V award just announced Safety Pilot is imminent NHTSA biomechanics program UMTRI contract extended U-M CIREN support

9 A major UMTRI strength: naturalistic driving studies

10 Naturalistic Data & Visualization Video

11 U.S. DOT Field Operational Tests Conducted by UMTRI Light Vehicles ACC ICC FOT 131K mi, 108 drivers Heavy Trucks - Rollover 480K mi, 23 drivers RSA RDCW FOT (UMTRI/Visteon) Light Vehicles Forward Crash/ACC 110K mi, 96 drivers ACAS FOT Light Vehicles Lane Departure/Curve Speed RDCW FOT 137K mi, 78 drivers Light Vehicles & Heavy Trucks Multiple Systems ACAS FOT (GM/Delphi/UMTRI) IVBSS Est. 750K mi 150+ drivers

12 S Vehicle technology that recognizes and targets critical situations USDOT s IVBSS: NHTSA & RITA S F V Radar and vision sensor key: Short Range Radar Sensor Forward Radar Sensor Short Range Vision Sensor L Long Range Vision Sensor S V S Map Gyro V L L S S V S

13 IVBSS Scope and Purpose A 5 year effort to develop and field test integrated safety systems for passenger vehicles and heavy trucks Safety systems will provide warnings for rearend, lane change and road departure crashes in addition to arbitration of multiple crash threats Forward crash warning, lane departure warning, lane change/merge warning, curve speed warning Includes a one-year field test on public roads to determine system performance, safety benefits, and user acceptance 13

14 Light Vehicle Sensor Coverage Radar Lane-change/Merge (LCM) Vision Lateral Drift Warning (LDW) Curve speed Warning (CSW) Forward Crash Warning (FCW) 14

15 Timeline - Vehicle Deployment Phase I 30 months Phase II 27 months Nov 2005 Nov 2006 June 2008 Nov 2008 Feb 2009 August 2010 Engineering Development Vehicles Prototype Vehicles Pilot Vehicles Extended Pilot FOT FOT Data Collection 15

16 Field Operational Test Scope wks Baseline ( 2 weeks), IVBSS enabled (4 weeks) Evenly split by gender Three age groups (20-30, 40-50, years) Estimated* 272,000 Miles, 9300 hours 500+ data channels, 7 radar tracks, 5 video images, vehicle state, system measures All stored in a relational database * Prediction based on previous FOTs

17 Field Operational Test: Crash Warnings 108 drivers each drive for six weeks, unaccompanied 16 vehicles each with four prototype crash warning systems 7 radars, 5 video streams, GPS, >500 other signals at 10 to 50 Hz Radars Radar Lane-tracking Vision Lane-change/Merge (LCM) Lateral Drift Warning (LDW) Curve speed Warning (CSW) Forward Crash Warning (FCW) Radars behind fascias LV system: Visteon Corporation & Takata Corp. Thanks to Honda R&D.

18 35 Lane departures decreased No increase in distraction 30 Departures per 100 miles Baseline Willingness to pay Treatment Drivers like some systems more Response Frequency What is the maximum amount that you would pay for the integrated system? Satisfaction Neutral BSD LDW CSW IVBSS LCM FCW Ideal Maximum Price Usefulness

19 Video

20 Modeling of IntelliDrive Simulates the movements of individual vehicles Simulates interactions with Road geometry Other vehicles Traffic signals Variable message signs Incidents Pedestrians Offers an extensive application programming interface Allows a wide array of new functionalities to be modeled Allows overriding of driver behavior models

21 U.S. DOT VII Proof-of-Concept Testbed Novi Detroit

22 IntelliDrive System Modeling Concept Applications associated with the network or specific simulation objects Simulation of RSEs using VMS Beacons Data storage within link objects used a emulator of link-based database at a central server Snapshot generation to be performed by vehicles Snapshots to remain within vehicle until upload by an RSE

23 USDOT ITS programs V2V (V2I, V2X) dominates til at least 2013 USDOT partnership thru RITA NHTSA champions V2V, with a 2013 deadline FHWA champions V2I RITA champions other modes RITA champions environmental benefits (AERIS program) Heavy truck applications are late to the party

24 Executive Summary of the Connected Vehicle Safety Pilot Model Deployment Jim Sayer Program Manager UMTRI 9/12/2011 Test Conductor Kick- 24

25 USDOT Safety Pilot Model Deployment Awarded to UMTRI August 2011 Federal funding of $14.9 million over 2.5 years UMTRI-led Michigan team Single site selected - Ann Arbor becomes the national test environment U-M, MEDC and MDOT support

26 How Model Deployment Supports Connected Vehicle Objectives Tests V2V and V2I safety and mobility applications under real-world, multi-modal driving conditions. Data can be used to determine the effectiveness of the technologies and applications at reducing crashes. Helps ensure that the devices are safe and do not distract motorist or cause unintended consequences. 9/12/2011 Test Conductor Kick- 26

27 V2V hard safety applications being deployed in Safety Pilot Blind spot warning Forward collision warning Electronic emergency brake lights Intersection movement assist Do not pass warning Control loss warning

28 Test Conductor Team 9/12/2011 Test Conductor Kick- 28

29 Team Member Roles UMTRI: Oversee deployment, equip vehicles, recruit drivers, manage data transfer PB/City of Ann Arbor: City infrastructure HNTB/MDOT: State highway infrastructure Mixon Hill: Infrastructure data backhaul SAIC: Interoperability testing escrypt: Wireless security TTI: Application evaluation/recommendations 9/12/2011 AAA: Assist Test in outreach Conductor Kick- 29

30 Prime UMTRI s ROLE Oversee all aspects of the program, manage all subcontracts, and provide all deliverables Technical Responsible for vehicle deployment, equipping of vehicles, recruitment of drivers/fleets Manage data transfer from non-camp vehicles, infrastructure, and secondary data sources to the Volpe Center Site related outreach (i.e., tours), and manage site use by other stakeholders 9/12/2011 Test Conductor Kick- 30

31 Ann Arbor as the Deployment Site 9/12/2011 Test Conductor Kick- 31

32 Ann Arbor as the Deployment Site A good mix of high-volume, multi-modal traffic Progressive transit agencies (2) Urban, suburban and rural travel Significant commuter traffic A variety of roadway characteristics Weather variation to examine events, applications, and equipment durability Proximity to CAMP and existing testbeds Detroit is site of the 2014 ITS World 9/12/2011 Congress Test Conductor Kick- 32

33 Ann Arbor as the Deployment Site 9/12/2011 Test Conductor Kick- 33

34 Ann Arbor as the Deployment Site 9/12/2011 Test Conductor Kick- 34

35 Driver Recruitment in Ann Arbor Large potential recruitment population 40,000 UM employees (20,000 at UM Hospital) Hospital s Human Resources has agreed to assist in the recruitment with targeted ing Informational and instruction sessions to he held at the hospital Bus that links UMTRI directly with the hospital 1,100 University fleet vehicles This includes service, delivery, public safety, etc. Majority are light vehicles (including vans and pick-ups) Additional light vehicle fleet commitments Ann Arbor Police, delivery service, etc. 9/12/2011 Test Conductor Kick- 35

36 Geographic and Demographic University Employee Info Home address Work address Where they park, roughly Commuter lots Education level Personal income General working hours With driver permission, 9/12/2011 Test Conductor Kick- we can get 36 driving

37 Additional Driver Recruitment Resources in N.E. Ann Arbor Within the site: VA Hospital EPA Emissions Lab Concordia University Adjacent to the site: Dominos World Headquarters Con-way Freight Headquarters Toyota Technical Center Washtenaw Community College St. Joseph Mercy Hospital 9/12/2011 Test Conductor Kick- 37

38 Commercial Driver Recruitment Two trucking firms are already committed to participating Con-way Freight Has a terminal just north of the site off US23 that serves Ann Arbor and the surrounding community Numerous trucks from other terminals that utilize the instrumented segments of US23 or M14 Excellent past experience as a partner with UMTRI Sysco Foods 9/12/2011 Test Conductor Kick- 38 Prime vendor with 1 truck daily to the U

39 Transit Driver Recruitment Two transit agencies have committed to participating Ann Arbor Transit Authority 78 buses, over 6 million passengers/year About 18 routes that include the proposed site University Transit 61 buses, 7-days a week On average, one bus every 3 minutes will be driving through the site 9/12/2011 Test Conductor Kick- 39

40 Infrastructure to be Installed Parsons Brinkerhoff and City of Ann Arbor Field Operations coordinate 24 RSE installs Hardware installation performed by City crews 3 curve speed locations HNTB and MDOT coordinate 5 RSE installs on State roads highways4 Most installs are co-located with existing, or in development ITS installations Mixon Hill and City of Ann Arbor coordinate infrastructure data backhauls 9/12/2011 Existing fiber Test network Conductor for Kick- all but 2 locations 40

41 Infrastructure Installations 9/12/2011 Test Conductor Kick- 41

42 RSE Deployment 29 RSEs at arterial and freeway locations 12 co-located with SPaT-enabled traffic signals 7 co-located with actuated traffic signals 5 mounted on light poles for curve warning 5 on surrounding freeways Team will procure DSRC radios from 2 manufacturers from QPL

43 RSE Locations Preliminary locations identified Site plan will be refined based on site visits, driver recruitment, etc.

44 RSE Location and Installation Team will build off of installation experience: Mounting location and alignment Line of sight Cabinet space and configuration Temperature sensitivity

45 Vehicles to be Equipped Connected Vehicle Device Vehicle Type Vehicle Source Total Units in Model Deployment Integrated Light vehicles CAMP 64 Integrated Integrated trucks Battelle team 3 HIA Light vehicles UM employees 2200 HIA Local truck fleet Con-way, Sysco 50 HIA Light/Medium duty University fleet 100 HIA Transit vehicles AATA, UM Buses 100 ASD Light vehicles UM employees 300 Retrofit Local truck fleet Con-way, Sysco 8 Retrofit Transit vehicles AATA, UM Buses 3 Total /12/2011 Test Conductor Kick- 45

46 Integrated Vehicles CAMP s 64 passenger vehicles UMTRI assists in the delivery of the vehicles to the site, recruitment, space resources for maintenance and data retrieval Team: Battelle (prime), Mercedes Benz R&D N.A, Daimler Trucks N.A., DENSO, UMTRI, Meritor WABCO Connected Commercial Vehicle (CCV) Safety Applications Development Project Commercial Vehicle Retrofit Safety Device Kit 9/12/2011 Test Conductor Kick- 46

47 HIA Equipped Vehicles Layperson vehicles (2200) UM Hospital employee passenger vehicles Commercial trucks (50) Con-way Freight and Sysco Foods Light vehicle fleets (100) University light and medium duty service vehicles Ann Arbor Police, Metro Delivery, Arbor Springs Water Transit vehicle fleets (100) Ann Arbor Transit Authority and UM Transit 9/12/2011 Test Conductor Kick- 47

48 Aftermarket Safety Devices 2 ASD systems will be selected from the QPL Light vehicles (300) A select range of make/model/year passenger vehicles UM employees personal vehicles 100 will have UMTRI data acquisition systems onboard Just 2 or 3 make/model/year, work with manufacturers 9/12/2011 Test Conductor Kick- 48

49 Interoperability Testing Goal: Fully exercise and validate interoperability of DSRC devices in the Model Deployment Device interoperability at the communication, messaging layers, and application layers DSRC communication load testing Objective: Mitigate risks that could negatively impact success of the Model Deployment A series of lab and field tests will need to be 9/12/2011 exercised to Test ensure Conductor interoperability. Kick- 49

50 Communications Security Led by escrypt, Inc. Security management operating concept Support coordination and identify gaps Support driver training material development Collect data and validate risk assessment Collect non-technical policy issues and support analysis Implement local certificate distribution system 9/12/2011 Test Conductor Kick- 50

51 Additional Applications USDOT strategic goals of Safety, State of Good Repair, Economic Competitiveness, Livability, and Environmental Sustainability MDOT Data Use Analysis and Processing (DUAP) Project Applications that enhance transportation operations Vehicle-based Information & Data Collection System (VIDAS) Application of actionable road and weather data FHWA work being performed by TTI 9/12/2011 Test Conductor Kick- 51

52 Program Outreach Coordinated effort, involving all team members in cooperation with the USDOT Model Deployment Showcase Printed Materials Industry Publications Public Meetings Technical Papers, Presentations, Briefings Website 9/12/2011 Test Conductor Kick- 52

53 Stakeholder Utilization of the Site Provide access to, and support for, use of the operating environment by other stakeholders Part of the outreach plan Model Deployment Area Showcase facility located at UMTRI to support stakeholder use of the site Driver training facilities, demonstration areas, staging area, demo routes Coordination of testing: planning and 9/12/2011 procedures Test for check-in Conductor and Kick- check-out 53 of the

54 Wrap-Up The Safety Pilot program is of great practical significance A potential game changer in safety, mobility, sustainability, assessment management, etc. Large undertaking that will require unprecedented dedication, coordination and cooperation An exceptional team and site An outstanding opportunity 9/12/2011 Test Conductor Kick- 54