EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES, EMERGING ISSUES

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1 EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES, EMERGING ISSUES Peter Burns Ergonomics and Crash Avoidance Road Safety and Motor Vehicle Regulation Directorate 1

2 Outline Distraction countermeasures Evolving trends Emerging countermeasures Transport Canada activities 2

3 Distraction Countermeasures A. Target the drivers Awareness and Education Deterrence B. Target the distractions Design standards (e.g., display legibility, no moving images, adaptive interfaces) Performance standards (e.g., level of safe driving) Human factors design procedures Mitigation C. Protecting distracted drivers 3

4 Impact time Normal driving Danger phase Crash unavoidable In crash Post-crash 4

5 Legislation, Regulations and Jurisdiction Transport Canada, under the Motor Vehicle Safety Act, establishes safety regulations for new and imported vehicles. These regulations apply to the vehicle's original equipment, such as seat belts, brakes, etc. Federal motor vehicle safety regulations do not prohibit manufacturers from installing equipment such as navigation systems in vehicles as original equipment. In-vehicle information, entertainment and telecommunication systems that are offered as original vehicle equipment may be considered for regulation by Transport Canada, if warranted and justifiable. Transport Canada does not have the authority to regulate after-market telematics devices used in, or retrofitted into, vehicles. It is a provincial/ territorial area of responsibility. Use of after-market equipment in motor vehicles, such as portable navigation systems and portable cell phones, falls under provincial and territorial jurisdiction. Nearly every jurisdiction in Canada has specific distracted driving legislation which restricts the use of hand held devices as well as some other common distracters. 5

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8 8 REUTERS/Arnd Wiegmann

9 US Navigation Sales: (Navteq) 9

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17 Driver Portable device Controls Vehicle Displays 17

18 US Navigation Sales: (Navteq) 18

19 New Opportunities for Distraction Smartphone applications (Apps) Nearly 1 million different Android and ios Apps are available Games, education, social media, productivity, entertainment Many different driving related applications for smartphones and the number is increasing rapidly 19

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23 Impact time Normal driving Danger phase Crash unavoidable In crash Post-crash 23

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26 Available and Emerging Technologies Collision warning and automatic braking Adaptive front headlights Night vision Lane departure warning Lane keeping assistance Blind spot Assisted parking Speed alert Curve speed warning Driver monitoring Overtaking assistance 26

27 Collision Avoidance Smartphone Applications Lane Departure Warning Forward Collision Warning Headway Monitoring and Warning Pedestrian Collision Warning Intelligent High-Beam Control Traffic Sign Recognition with Speed Limit Indication 27

28 Communication: Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V, V2I & V2X) 28

29 Human Implications of New Technology Driver distraction, overload and confusion Reduced situation awareness Lack of trust/ acceptance due to false alarms Behavioural adaptation Loss of skill & negative transfer Technical Implications? 29

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31 Impact time Normal driving Danger phase Crash unavoidable In crash Post-crash 31

32 Protecting distracted drivers: Safe infrastructure Divided highways Rumble strips Energy absorbing barriers Breakaway devices Rigid barriers 32 Clear zone widening

33 Crashworthiness and Occupant Protection More airbags Smart airbags Side curtain airbags Advanced seats/ belt systems Post-Crash Safety Automatic crash notification 33

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35 Current Activities Transport Canada is reviewing the proposed NHTSA guidelines to determine their relevance and appropriateness for Canadian road users and vehicle manufacturing industry. These new guidelines are a proposal for discussion and may change in response to comments from US industry stakeholders. As part of the Regulatory Cooperation Council (RCC) agreement, Canada and the US have pledged to work together on auto safety issues. Transport Canada is working with the provinces and territories and other road safety stakeholders, nationally and internationally, to find solutions to reduce driver distraction. 35

36 On Line pledge to promote leave the phone alone while driving Over 1230 people have pledged Website gives information on distractive driving Public can see who has pledge with the map Public can receive a car sticker to show their support for Leave the Phone Alone while diving. 36

37 Research Transport Canada has an ongoing driver distraction research program to better understand the safety implications of existing and emerging in-vehicle electronic devices and to identify distraction countermeasures. Measuring distraction - a practical assessment method for determining whether tasks are compatible with safe driving. Part of a multi-site collaboration to assess the Detection-Response Task. Partners: Volvo (Sweden) TNO (The Netherlands) IFFSTAR (France) TU Munich (Germany) US labs: Wayne State, DRI Transport Canada RIOH China MIROS Malaysia 37

38 Automatic Emergency Braking Focussed on standards development (ISO) for targets and test methods Two target configurations developed Two vehicles evaluated to date with static and dynamic tests, more tests in future Assessing Warning Interfaces Provided input to UN-ECE warnings guidelines Investigating procedures to evaluate performance of warnings interfaces Collaborating on development of standard methods for assessing performance of warnings interfaces 38

39 Summary and Conclusions There are effective options for limiting driver distraction that can be applied to the design and management of in-vehicle information systems. Redundant countermeasures in the driver-vehicle road system can help to limit the consequences of distraction. Emerging technologies are offering new challenges and solutions for limiting distraction. 39

40 Summary and Conclusions continued Transport Canada advises drivers to avoid using any device that may take their attention away from the road. Transport Canada encourages vehicle and electronics manufacturers to design devices that are compatible with safe driving and to follow all relevant safety guidelines and best practices. As part of its on-going commitment to road safety, Transport Canada supports the provinces & territories in their initiatives to reduce driver distraction. Information on Distracted Driving and what you can do to avoid it is available on Transport Canada's website: 40

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42 Thank you 42