Deoxygenation of Edible Oils and Biofuels by the ISO-MIX Technology

Transcription

1 Deoxygenation of Edible Oils and Biofuels by the ISO-MIX Technology Frank Pudel 1, Mikkel Nordkvist 2 & Thomas Krause 1 1. Pilot Pflanzenöltechnologie Magdeburg e.v., Magdeburg, Germany 2. ISO-MIX A/S, Ishøj, Denmark

2 Outline Why would anyone deoxygenate oils and biodiesel? Introduction to the rotary jet head system Results of deoxygenation trials with edible oils Results of deoxygenation trials with biodiesel How to ensure that the oxygen content remains low until it reaches the end-user Future work Conclusions

3 Why deoxygenate edible oil? Edible oil oxidation depends on: oxygen content atmosphere sorrounding the oil temperature fatty acid compositon free fatty acid content antioxidants content catalytic metals content

4 The rotary jet head Originally developed for CIP and it is the most efficient CIP machine on the market 4 nozzle jet head Pressure energy is converted into kinetic energy Gearing

5 Fast recirculation of liquid back to the tank. Set-up RJH system Gas and liquid feed are added in the loop. A plate-type heat exchanger with U ~ 5000 W m -2 C -1 can be inserted in the loop. Gas Rotary jet head

6 Mixing experiment Experiments with water, turbulent flow regime, addition in loop IM 15 (d = 7 mm) mixer is operated at: 1 barg and 8.3 m 3 /h, P/V = 394 W/m 3 ρu d Re = d µ =

7 Gas dispersion

8 Current applications of RJH Mixing of miscible liquids, primarily in the production liquid food products, e.g. mixing of sugar concentrate and aroma with water in softdrink production, mixing of smoothies. Deoxygenation (and carbonization) of water, beer, softdrinks & edible oil. Dissolution of solid material, e.g. food polymers. In some installations it is used both for mixing, deoxygenation, carbonization, and CIP CO 2 [g/l] k l a = 9 h DOT [mg/l] Time [min]

9 Oxygen solubility in oil Oxygen sorption isotherm of soy bea n oil a t 20 C acc. to Hintze, Becker, Heiss: SFA 67 (1965), Desorption sorbted O 2 in µg / g oil Sorption O 2 - pressure in Torr

10 Oxygen content in different edible oils Oil Linseed Linseed Sesame Rapeseed Kernel Safflower Quality cold pressed, filtered refined from supermarket from supermarket from supermarket Oxygen concentration in ppm Cucurbita Kernel Poppyseed Hemp Peanut Olive from supermarket cold pressed, filtered from supermarket from supermarket from supermarket

11 Initial trials: Here with fish oil

12 Stripping of fishoil using N 2 Stripping of fishoil using N 2. Gas flow rate = 2000 L/h CIPAX = 1000 L Accumulated flow (L N 2 ) 0 O2 (mg/l)

13 Set-up at PPM

14 Deoxygenation of rapeseed oil oxygen [mg O2/l oil] Specific nitrogen consumption: 0,1126 g / kg * min time [min]

15 Advantages of low oxygen content in biodiesel Better oxidation stability Less need for oxidation stability additives Higher amounts of other additives possible

16 Deoxygenation of biodiesel oxygen [mg O2/l biodiesel] time [min]

17 Hood technology hardware Grid Manifold Laminar flow feed

18 What can be gained from combining inerting hood and ISO-MIX? Oxygen can be picked up in subsequent operations and thereby ruin the good quality generated by the ISO-MIX solution. If special precautions are not taken you can easily increase the oxygen content by a factor 10. By using inerting hood technology with a Nitrogen needle you will lower the oxygen in the receiver down to %. This is very important when packaging high-viscosity products like oils where air (oxygen) might be whipped in.

19 Employment of a nitrogen needle

20 Future work To ultimately investigate the influence of deoxygenation on oxidation stability, the following tests should be performed: Deoxygenation of different relevant oils or biodiesel using the ISO-MIX system. Storage under comparable conditions for extended periods of time. Periodically measure dissolved oxygen, oxidation stability, peroxide value, anisidine value, tocopherol content etc.

21 Conclusion The oxygen content varies between oils as does the benefits of producing a deoxygenated oil. The oxygen content in edible oils and biodiesel can be reduced significantly using the ISO-MIX technology. You need to take precautions to avoid oxygen pickup after this step if you do not want to spoil the good quality generated with the ISO-MIX technology.