Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures ~ Fuels & Lubricants

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3 Report To: 5 Kings College Road Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8 Attention: Curtis Wan curtis.wan@utoronto.ca Fax: Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures ~ Fuels & Lubricants 250 Karl Clark Road, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada TN 1E4 Certified by the Standards Council of Canada as an Accredited Testing Organization complying with the requirements of ISO/IEC for specific tests registered with the Council Report of Analysis This report may only be reproduced in its entirety Invoice To: 5 Kings College Road Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8 Attention: Curtis Wan Fax: Order Id: Contract #: Contract Name: PO#: FL10_0902 Page 1 of 2 Lab Sample Number Client's Reference Matrix; Date Received Test Method Analysis Parameter Result Notes FL10_ Soy B5 Biodiesel; 22-Oct-2010 ASTM D7371 Biodiesel Content 4.92 Volume % FL10_ Soy B10 Biodiesel; 22-Oct-2010 ASTM D7371 Biodiesel Content Volume % FL10_ Soy B20 Biodiesel; 22-Oct-2010 ASTM D7371 Biodiesel Content Volume % FL10_ Soy B30 Biodiesel; 22-Oct-2010 ASTM D7371 Biodiesel Content 30.9 Volume % 1 FL10_ AF B5 Biodiesel; 22-Oct-2010 ASTM D7371 Biodiesel Content 5.29 Volume % FL10_ AF B10 Biodiesel; 22-Oct-2010 ASTM D7371 Biodiesel Content Volume % Results relate only to items tested.

4 Report To: 5 Kings College Road Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8 Attention: Curtis Wan curtis.wan@utoronto.ca Fax: Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures ~ Fuels & Lubricants 250 Karl Clark Road, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada TN 1E4 Certified by the Standards Council of Canada as an Accredited Testing Organization complying with the requirements of ISO/IEC for specific tests registered with the Council Report of Analysis This report may only be reproduced in its entirety Invoice To: 5 Kings College Road Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8 Attention: Curtis Wan Fax: Order Id: Contract #: Contract Name: PO#: FL10_0902 Page 2 of 2 Lab Sample Number Client's Reference Matrix; Date Received Test Method Analysis Parameter Result Notes FL10_ AF B20 Biodiesel; 22-Oct-2010 ASTM D7371 Biodiesel Content Volume % FL10_ AF B30 Biodiesel; 22-Oct-2010 ASTM D7371 Biodiesel Content Volume % 1 Remarks and Notes 1. ASTM D7371 states This test method covers the determination of the content of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) in diesel fuel oils. It is applicable to concentrations from 1.00 to 20 volume %. Using the proper ATR sample accessory, the range maybe expanded from 1 to 100 volume %, however precision data is not available above 20 volume %. The calibration range used in the lab is from 1.00 to 30 volume % with the notation that precision data is not available above 20 volume %. Signature: Business Unit Manager Phone: (780) dan.wispinski@albertainnovates.ca Results relate only to items tested. Date:

5 Order Id: FL10_0902 Contract #: PO#: Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures ~ Fuels & Lubricants 250 Karl Clark Road, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada TN 1E4 Certified by the Standards Council of Canada as an Accredited Testing Organization complying with the requirements of ISO/IEC for specific tests registered with the Council Report of Analysis This report may only be reproduced in its entirety Page 1 of Report To: 5 Kings College Road Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8 Invoice To: 5 Kings College Road Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8 Attention: Fax: Curtis Wan Laboratory Sample Number: FL10_ Product: Biodiesel Specification: ASTM D751 Grade S15 Date Received: 22-Oct-2010 Specification Details Analysis Test Name Attention: Fax: Sample Source Reference: Location: Tag Number: Tank Number: Soy Specifications Curtis Wan Minimum Maximum Results 90% ASTM D C Copper Corrosion - Classification ASTM D a Water and Sediment ASTM D <0.005 % Kinematic Viscosity ASTM 40 C mm2/s (cst) Units Sample Notes Carbon Residue B100 ASTM D % 2 Total Sulfur ASTM D mg/kg Cloud Point ASTM D C Cetane Number ASTM D Water Content ASTM D mg/kg 3 Free Glycerin ASTM D Mass % Total Glycerin ASTM D <0.050 Mass % Acid Number ASTM D mg KOH/g Flash Point- Alcohol Control ASTM D751- Alcohol control C Filtration Time ASTM D751- Annex A sec 4,5 Ash Content ASTM D Mass % Corrected Flash Point ASTM D C Oxidation 110 C EN hours Ca and Mg, combined EN <1.0 ppm (w/w) Na and K, combined EN <1.0 ppm (w/w) Phosphorus Content EN < Mass % Tested Parameters (Note: Parameters in Specification Detail will also appear in complete listing) Analysis Test Name Results IBP ASTM D C 5% ASTM D C 10% ASTM D C 20% ASTM D C 30% ASTM D C 40% ASTM D C 50% ASTM D C 0% ASTM D C 70% ASTM D C 80% ASTM D C Units 1 Test Notes Test Notes

6 Order Id: FL10_0902 Contract #: PO#: Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures ~ Fuels & Lubricants 250 Karl Clark Road, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada TN 1E4 Certified by the Standards Council of Canada as an Accredited Testing Organization complying with the requirements of ISO/IEC for specific tests registered with the Council Report of Analysis This report may only be reproduced in its entirety Page 2 of Tested Parameters (Note: Parameters in Specification Detail will also appear in complete listing) Analysis Test Name Results 90% ASTM D C 95% ASTM D C FBP ASTM D C Recovery ASTM D % Residue ASTM D110 n/a % Loss ASTM D110 n/a % Copper Corrosion - Test Duration ASTM D130 3 hours Copper Corrosion - Test Temperature ASTM D C Copper Corrosion - Classification ASTM D130 Water and Sediment ASTM D2709 <0.005 % 15 C ASTM D kg/m3 Kinematic Viscosity ASTM 40 C mm2/s (cst) Carbon Residue B100 ASTM D % 2 Total Sulfur ASTM D mg/kg Cloud Point ASTM D C Cetane Number ASTM D Water Content ASTM D mg/kg 3 Free Glycerin ASTM D Mass % Total Glycerin ASTM D584 <0.050 Mass % Total Monoglyceride ASTM D584 <0.100 Mass % Total Diglyceride ASTM D584 <0.001 Mass % Total Triglyceride ASTM D584 <0.001 Mass % Acid Number ASTM D mg KOH/g Flash Point- Alcohol Control ASTM D751- Alcohol control 17 C Filtration Time ASTM D751- Annex A1 108 sec 4,5 Volume Filtered ASTM D751- Annex A1 300 ml 4,5 Ash Content ASTM D Mass % Corrected Flash Point ASTM D C Oxidation 110 C EN hours Ca and Mg, combined EN <1.0 ppm (w/w) Na and K, combined EN <1.0 ppm (w/w) Phosphorus Content EN < Mass % 1a Units Test Notes

7 Order Id: FL10_0902 Contract #: PO#: Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures ~ Fuels & Lubricants 250 Karl Clark Road, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada TN 1E4 Certified by the Standards Council of Canada as an Accredited Testing Organization complying with the requirements of ISO/IEC for specific tests registered with the Council Report of Analysis This report may only be reproduced in its entirety Page 3 of Notes and Remarks The results obtained on your sample comply with the detailed requirements of ASTM Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel (B100) Blend Stock for Distillate Fuels (ASTM D751-09), Grade S15. ASTM D751 Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel (B100) Blend Stock for Distillate Fuels states that for the carbon residue (ASTM D4530) a 100% sample is used to replace the 10% residual sample, with the calculation executed as if it were the 10% residual. This test is under consideration but not yet adopted by ASTM. The data is provided for information purposes only. An industry accepted limit is listed in the table. ASTM D751 states that B100 intended for blending into diesel fuel shall give a maximum cold soak filtration limit of 30 seconds, and B100 that is expected to give satisfactory vehicle performance at fuel temperatures at or below -12 C (+10.4 F) shall comply with a maximum cold soak filtration limit of 200 seconds. Annex A1 of the ASTM D751 Specification for the Cold Soak Laboratory Filtration method states that upon receipt of a Biodiesel Blend Stock (B100) sample, the entire sample shall be heated to 40 C for at least 3 hours under an inert atmosphere to erase any thermal history and to dissolve any solids that might have precipitated during transit unless it is known that the sample has never been cooled below 20 C. The sample was pre-treated. The method was modified to include phosphorus. A Conostan S21+K multielement standard was used in place of the single element standard described in the method. Signature: Business Unit Manager Phone: (780) dan.wispinski@albertainnovates.ca Results relate only to items tested. Date:

8 Order Id: FL10_0902 Contract #: PO#: Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures ~ Fuels & Lubricants 250 Karl Clark Road, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada TN 1E4 Certified by the Standards Council of Canada as an Accredited Testing Organization complying with the requirements of ISO/IEC for specific tests registered with the Council Report of Analysis This report may only be reproduced in its entirety Page 4 of Report To: 5 Kings College Road Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8 Invoice To: 5 Kings College Road Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8 Attention: Fax: Curtis Wan Laboratory Sample Number: FL10_ Product: Biodiesel Specification: ASTM D751 Grade S15 Date Received: 22-Oct-2010 Specification Details Analysis Test Name Attention: Fax: Sample Source Reference: Location: Tag Number: Tank Number: Specifications Curtis Wan Animal Fat Minimum Maximum Results 90% ASTM D C Copper Corrosion - Classification ASTM D a Water and Sediment ASTM D <0.005 % Kinematic Viscosity ASTM 40 C mm2/s (cst) Units Sample Notes Carbon Residue B100 ASTM D % 2 Total Sulfur ASTM D mg/kg Cloud Point ASTM D C Cetane Number ASTM D Water Content ASTM D mg/kg 3 Free Glycerin ASTM D Mass % Total Glycerin ASTM D Mass % Acid Number ASTM D mg KOH/g Flash Point- Alcohol Control ASTM D751- Alcohol control C Filtration Time ASTM D751- Annex A sec 4,5 Ash Content ASTM D Mass % Corrected Flash Point ASTM D C Oxidation 110 C EN hours Ca and Mg, combined EN <1.0 ppm (w/w) Na and K, combined EN <1.0 ppm (w/w) Phosphorus Content EN < Mass % Tested Parameters (Note: Parameters in Specification Detail will also appear in complete listing) Analysis Test Name Results IBP ASTM D C 5% ASTM D C 10% ASTM D C 20% ASTM D C 30% ASTM D C 40% ASTM D C 50% ASTM D C 0% ASTM D C 70% ASTM D C 80% ASTM D C Units 1 Test Notes Test Notes

9 Order Id: FL10_0902 Contract #: PO#: Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures ~ Fuels & Lubricants 250 Karl Clark Road, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada TN 1E4 Certified by the Standards Council of Canada as an Accredited Testing Organization complying with the requirements of ISO/IEC for specific tests registered with the Council Report of Analysis This report may only be reproduced in its entirety Page 5 of Tested Parameters (Note: Parameters in Specification Detail will also appear in complete listing) Analysis Test Name Results 90% ASTM D C 95% ASTM D C FBP ASTM D C Recovery ASTM D % Residue ASTM D110 n/a % Loss ASTM D110 n/a % Copper Corrosion - Test Duration ASTM D130 3 hours Copper Corrosion - Test Temperature ASTM D C Copper Corrosion - Classification ASTM D130 Water and Sediment ASTM D2709 <0.005 % 15 C ASTM D kg/m3 Kinematic Viscosity ASTM 40 C mm2/s (cst) Carbon Residue B100 ASTM D % 2 Total Sulfur ASTM D mg/kg Cloud Point ASTM D C Cetane Number ASTM D Water Content ASTM D mg/kg 3 Free Glycerin ASTM D Mass % Total Glycerin ASTM D Mass % Total Monoglyceride ASTM D Mass % Total Diglyceride ASTM D584 <0.001 Mass % Total Triglyceride ASTM D Mass % Acid Number ASTM D mg KOH/g Flash Point- Alcohol Control ASTM D751- Alcohol control C Filtration Time ASTM D751- Annex A1 120 sec 4,5 Volume Filtered ASTM D751- Annex A1 300 ml 4,5 Ash Content ASTM D Mass % Corrected Flash Point ASTM D C Oxidation 110 C EN hours Ca and Mg, combined EN <1.0 ppm (w/w) Na and K, combined EN <1.0 ppm (w/w) Phosphorus Content EN < Mass % 1a Units Test Notes

10 Order Id: FL10_0902 Contract #: PO#: Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures ~ Fuels & Lubricants 250 Karl Clark Road, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada TN 1E4 Certified by the Standards Council of Canada as an Accredited Testing Organization complying with the requirements of ISO/IEC for specific tests registered with the Council Report of Analysis This report may only be reproduced in its entirety Page of Notes and Remarks The results obtained on your sample comply with the detailed requirements of ASTM Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel (B100) Blend Stock for Distillate Fuels (ASTM D751-09), Grade S15. ASTM D751 Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel (B100) Blend Stock for Distillate Fuels states that for the carbon residue (ASTM D4530) a 100% sample is used to replace the 10% residual sample, with the calculation executed as if it were the 10% residual. This test is under consideration but not yet adopted by ASTM. The data is provided for information purposes only. An industry accepted limit is listed in the table. ASTM D751 states that B100 intended for blending into diesel fuel shall give a maximum cold soak filtration limit of 30 seconds, and B100 that is expected to give satisfactory vehicle performance at fuel temperatures at or below -12 C (+10.4 F) shall comply with a maximum cold soak filtration limit of 200 seconds. Annex A1 of the ASTM D751 Specification for the Cold Soak Laboratory Filtration method states that upon receipt of a Biodiesel Blend Stock (B100) sample, the entire sample shall be heated to 40 C for at least 3 hours under an inert atmosphere to erase any thermal history and to dissolve any solids that might have precipitated during transit unless it is known that the sample has never been cooled below 20 C. The sample was pre-treated. The method was modified to include phosphorus. A Conostan S21+K multielement standard was used in place of the single element standard described in the method. Signature: Business Unit Manager Phone: (780) dan.wispinski@albertainnovates.ca Results relate only to items tested. Date:

11 MMSL - Sudbury Laboratory LMSM - Laboratoire Sudbury Carbon Analysis Test Report Analysis carried out following SOP-T 270 (NIOSH 5040 Method) Client: Date Samples Received: Oct Contact: Curtis Wan Date Samples Analysed: Oct 25-Nov 8 10 Address: Dept. of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, 5 King's College Road, Rm 134A Toronto ON M5S 3G8 P.O. Number: Analyzed by: Checked by: Report #: C Page(s): 1 of 4 Date: Nov Sample ID Carbon Analysis Organic Carbon Elemental Carbon Total Carbon µg/cm² ± µg/cm² ± µg/cm² ± Q BLANK T Q BLANK T Q BLANK T3* Q BLANK T Q BLANK T Q BLANK T GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q011* GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q021* GE-Q GE-Q mass: * Average of duplicate analysis Note: Blank values have not been subtracted is mass measured on filter ±: is uncertainty associated with each species ( µg/filter only) Note: CANMET Sudbury Lab is not responsible for "mass/m 3 " when client supplies sampling volumes and/or flow rates/sampling times. Project Leader: Date: Conditions: The test results reported only relate to the items tested. This report shall not be reproduced without the written approval of CANMET Sudbury Laboratory. Canada Template SOP-T 270 Test Report Issue 1 Approved by: UEL Manager

12 MMSL - Sudbury Laboratory LMSM - Laboratoire Sudbury Carbon Analysis Test Report Analysis carried out following SOP-T 270 (NIOSH 5040 Method) Client: Date Samples Received: Oct Contact: Curtis Wan Date Samples Analysed: Oct 25-Nov 8 10 Address: Dept. of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, 5 King's College Road, Rm 134A Toronto ON M5S 3G8 P.O. Number: Analyzed by: Checked by: Report #: C Page(s): 2 of 4 Date: Nov Sample ID Carbon Analysis Organic Carbon Elemental Carbon Total Carbon µg/cm² ± µg/cm² ± µg/cm² ± GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q031* GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q044* GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q047* GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q052* GE-Q * Average of duplicate analysis Note: Blank values have not been subtracted mass: is mass measured on filter ±: is uncertainty associated with each species ( µg/filter only) Note: CANMET Sudbury Lab is not responsible for "mass/m 3 " when client supplies sampling volumes and/or flow rates/sampling times. Project Leader: Date: Conditions: The test results reported only relate to the items tested. This report shall not be reproduced without the written approval of CANMET Sudbury Laboratory. Canada Template SOP-T 270 Test Report Issue 1 Approved by: UEL Manager

13 MMSL - Sudbury Laboratory LMSM - Laboratoire Sudbury Carbon Analysis Test Report Analysis carried out following SOP-T 270 (NIOSH 5040 Method) Client: Date Samples Received: Oct Contact: Curtis Wan Date Samples Analysed: Oct 25-Nov 8 10 Address: Dept. of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, 5 King's College Road, Rm 134A Toronto ON M5S 3G8 P.O. Number: Analyzed by: Checked by: Report #: C Page(s): 3 of 4 Date: Nov Sample ID Carbon Analysis Organic Carbon Elemental Carbon Total Carbon µg/cm² ± µg/cm² ± µg/cm² ± GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q09* GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q * Average of duplicate analysis Note: Blank values have not been subtracted mass: is mass measured on filter ±: is uncertainty associated with each species ( µg/filter only) Note: CANMET Sudbury Lab is not responsible for "mass/m 3 " when client supplies sampling volumes and/or flow rates/sampling times. Project Leader: Date: Conditions: The test results reported only relate to the items tested. This report shall not be reproduced without the written approval of CANMET Sudbury Laboratory. Canada Template SOP-T 270 Test Report Issue 1 Approved by: UEL Manager

14 MMSL - Sudbury Laboratory LMSM - Laboratoire Sudbury Carbon Analysis Test Report Analysis carried out following SOP-T 270 (NIOSH 5040 Method) Client: Date Samples Received: Oct Contact: Curtis Wan Date Samples Analysed: Oct 25-Nov 8 10 Address: Dept. of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, 5 King's College Road, Rm 134A Toronto ON M5S 3G8 P.O. Number: Analyzed by: Checked by: Report #: C Page(s): 4 of 4 Date: Nov Sample ID Carbon Analysis Organic Carbon Elemental Carbon Total Carbon µg/cm² ± µg/cm² ± µg/cm² ± GE-Q GE-Q085* GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q092* GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q097* GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q100* GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q GE-Q QE-Q mass: * Average of duplicate analysis Note: Blank values have not been subtracted is mass measured on filter ±: is uncertainty associated with each species ( µg/filter only) Note: CANMET Sudbury Lab is not responsible for "mass/m 3 " when client supplies sampling volumes and/or flow rates/sampling times. Project Leader: Date: Conditions: The test results reported only relate to the items tested. This report shall not be reproduced without the written approval of CANMET Sudbury Laboratory. Canada Template SOP-T 270 Test Report Issue 1 Approved by: UEL Manager

15 S O U T H W E S T R E S E A R C H I N S T I T U T E 220 CULEBRA ROAD POST OFFICE DRAWER SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS, USA (210) ENGINE, EMISSIONS, AND VEHICLE RESEARCH DIVISION FAX: (210) ISO 9001 Certified ISO Certified November 29, 2010 Dr. James S. Wallace Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering 5 King's College Road Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8 CANADA Via wallace@mie.utoronto.ca Subject: SOF of Filters, SwRI Project No Dear Dr. Wallace: The purpose of this letter is to provide you with the data for the analysis of fifty four (54) 47 mm Pallflex filter samples analyzed for the soluble organic fraction (SOF) by extracting the filters with methylene chloride. Diesel exhaust particulate is composed of solid particulate and organic compounds derived from the combustion of diesel fuel and the lubricating oil. We combined the primary and backup filters for each test to give a composite number for the test. Table 1 presents the results for these analyses. These results were corrected for the average background SOF from three blank filters and can be used to compare the filters and determine SOF of the particulate based on methylene chloride as a solvent. Please note: Different solvents may give different results based on the polarity of the solvent. Further interpretation of these data has been left to the. This letter should complete the test results that you requested. Please let me know if you need any additional information. I can be reached by phone at (210) , by cell at (210) , by FAX at (210) , or by at rfanick@swri.edu. Thank you for the opportunity to serve you. Sincerely, E. Robert Fanick, Manager Emissions Chemistry Department of Emissions R & D Engine, Emissions and Vehicle Research Division Automotive Engineering /rs U:\Fanick\wp\LETTERS\Wallace ERF docx S A N A N T O N I O, T E X A S HOUSTON, TEXAS WASHINGTON, DC ANN ARBOR, MI

16 Dr. James S. Wallace November 29, 2010 Page 2 of 3 SwRI Project No TABLE 1. SUMMARY OF PARTICULATE EMISSIONS TEST NUMBER COMBINED PARTICULATE MASS, mg PERCENT SOF GE-T001/ GE-T003/ GE-T005/ GE-T007/ GE-T009/ GE-T011/ GE-T013/ GE-T015/ GE-T017/ GE-T019/ GE-T021/ GE-T023/ GE-T025/ GE-T027/ GE-T029/ GE-T031/ GE-T033/ GE-T035/ GE-T0337/ GE-T039/ GE-T041/ GE-T043/ GE-T045/ GE-T047/ GE-T049/ GE-T051/ GE-T053/ GE-T055/ GE-T057/ GE-T059/ GE-T01/ GE-T03/ GE-T05/ GE-T07/ GE-T09/ GE-T071/ GE-T073/ GE-T075/ GE-T077/ GE-T079/ GE-T081/

17 Dr. James S. Wallace November 29, 2010 Page 3 of 3 TABLE 1. (CONT D) SUMMARY OF PARTICULATE EMISSIONS TEST NUMBER COMBINED PARTICULATE MASS, mg PERCENT SOF GE-T083/ GE-T085/ GE-T087/ GE-T089/ GE-T091/ GE-T093/ GE-T095/ GE-T097/ GE-T099/ GE-T0101/ GE-T0102/ GE-T0105/ GE-T0107/ SwRI Project No