Table of Contents ISA ALBERTA 1

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2 Table of Contents Edmonton / Calgary...2 Physical Properties of Solids...2 Metric Units...2 Greek Alphabets...2 Properties of Various Liquids...3 Physical Properties of Water from 0 to 00ºC Viscosity of Water and Steam at Various Temperatures and Pressures...7 Conversion Constants...8 Dimensions of Steel Tubing...9 Viscosity of Gases (mpa.s) From 0 to 400º...0 Conversions Metric Values... Metric Prefixes... Temperature...2 Flow Rate Miscellaneous Equivalents Kinematic Viscosity...22 Absolute Viscosity...23 Electrical Units...23 Degrees API and Degrees Baumé...24 Kinematic and Saybolt Viscosity...25 Pressure and Head...26 Properties Density and Specific Gravity of Selected Liquids...27 Density and Specific Gravity of Selected Gases...28 Density and Specific Gravity of Saturated Water...29 Density of Superheated Steam and Compressed Water...30 Specific Gravity of Petroleum Products...3 Density of Air...32 Speed of Sound...32 Dielectric Constants of Liquids Dielectric Constants of Solids...39 Viscosity of Gases and Vapors...40 Viscosity of Water and Steam...4 Viscosity of Various Liquids...4 Viscosity of Liquid Petroleum Products...42 Pipe Data Dimensions of Blind Flanges Flange Ratings by Class Cast Iron Pipe...48 Steel Pipe Hazardous Locations, A Global Perspective Classification of Hazardous Areas...53 Classifying Gases and Vapors - Europe Vs North America...54 EC The Degree of Protection of Enclosures...55 Classification of Maximum Surface Temperature...56 Product marking...56 Control Valves ISA Alberta Acknowledges the following companies for their contributions to the technical section: Magnetrol, NAIT, Brodwell and Hubbell Canada Inc. and Samson Canada. ISA ALBERTA

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12 Conversions: Metric Values The table below provides a fast and easy means of conversion from one metric notation to another. The value labeled Unit represents a basic unit of measurement, such as meter, gram, ohm, erg, etc. First, locate the original value in the left-hand column. Follow the row horizontally to the vertical column headed by the prefix of the desired value. The arrow and figure at this intersection represent the direction in which the decimal point should be moved and the number of places to move it. Example: Convert 0.5 kilowatts to watts. Starting at the Kilo- box in the left-hand column, move horizontally to the column headed by Unit (since watt is a basic unit of measurement), and read 3. Thus 0.5 kilowatts is the equivalent of 50 watts. Example: Convert 4,500 kilohertz to megahertz, read in the box horizontal to Kilo- and under Mega- the notation 3, which means a shift of the decimal point three places to the left. Thus, 4,500 kilohertz is the equivalent of 4.5 megahertz. Desired Value Tera- Giga- Mega- Myria- Kilo- Hecto- Deka- Unit Deci- Centi- Milli- Micro- Nano- Pico Original Value Tera- Giga- Mega- Myria- Kilo- Hecto- Deka- Unit Deci- Centi- Milli- Micro- Nano- Pico- Conversions: Metric Prefixes atto a one-quintillionth femto f one-quadrillionth pico p one-trillionth nano n one-billionth micro µ one-millionth milli m one-thousandth centi c one-hundredth deci d one-tenth uni one deka da ten hecto h one hundred kilo k one thousand mega M one million giga G one billion tera T one trillion

13 Conversions: Temperature Locate temperature in middle column. If in degrees Celsius, read Fahrenheit equivalent in right hand column; if in degrees Fahrenheit, read Celsius equivalent in left hand column to 0 to 60 6 to to to 3000 C C C C C C F C F C F C F C F F F F F F

14 Conversions: Flow Rate Velocity in Feet per Second. Find the volume flow rate (gallons per minute) in the left hand column, read the velocity flow rate (feet per second) for a specific line size in the right hand column. (Based on Schedule 40 pipe.) Line Size Line Size Line Size GPM Line Size Line Size /4 /2 Line Size /2 Line Size Line Size Line Size 6 Line Size Line Size , , , , , , , , , ,

15 Conversions: Flow Rate (cont.) Velocity in Meters per Second Find the volume flow rate (cubic meters per hour) in the left hand column, read the velocity flow rate (meters per second) for a specific line size in the right hand column. (Based on Schedule 40 pipe.) m 3 /hr Line Size Line Size Line Size Line Size Line Size /4 /2 Line Size / Line Size 3 Line Size Line Size Line Size Line Size 0

16 Conversions: Miscellaneous TO CONVERT INTO MULTIPLY BY TO CONVERT INTO MULTIPLY BY acres sq. feet 43,560.0 sq. meters 4,047.0 sq. miles.562 x 0 - ³ sq. yards 4,840.0 acre-feet cu. feet 43,560.0 gallons x 0⁵ amperes/sq. cm. amps./sq. in amps/sq. meter 0⁴ amperes/sq. in. amps/sq. cm amps/sq. meter,550.0 amperes/sq. meter amps/sq. cm. 0 - ⁴ amps/sq. in x 0 - ⁴ ampere-hours coulombs 3,600.0 faradays ampere-turns gilberts.257 ampere-turns/cm. amp-turns/in amp-turns/meter 00.0 gilberts/cm..257 ampere-turns/in. amp-turns/cm amp-turns/meter gilberts/cm ampere-turns/meter amp-turns/cm. 0.0 amp-turns/in gilberts/cm ares acres sq. meters 00.0 atmospheres cms. of mercury 76.0 ft. of water (at 4 C) in. of mercury (at 0 C) kgs./sq. cm kgs./sq. meter 0,332.0 pounds/sq. in tons/sq. ft..058 barrels (oil) gallons (oil) 42.0 bars atmospheres dynes/sq. cm. kgs./sq. meter.020 x 0⁴ pounds/sq. ft. 2,089.0 pounds/sq. in Btu ergs.0550 x 0¹⁰ foot-lbs gram-calories horsepower-hrs x 0 - ⁴ joules,054.8 kilogram-calories kilogram-meters 07.5 kilowatt-hrs x 0 - ⁴ Btu/hr. foot-pounds/sec gram-cal./sec horsepower-hrs x 0 - ⁴ watts Btu/min. foot-lbs./sec horsepower kilowatts watts 7.57 Btu/sq. ft./min. watts/sq. in bushels cu. ft cu. in. 2,50.4 cu. meters liters pecks 4.0 pints (dry) 64.0 quarts (dry) 32.0 A B centares (centiares) sq. meters.0 Centigrade Fahrenheit (C x 9/5) + 32 centigrams grams 0.0 centiliters liters 0.0 centimeters feet 3.28 x 0 - ² inches kilometers 0 - ⁵ meters 0.0 miles 6.24 x 0 - ⁶ millimeters 0.0 mils yards.094 x 0 - ² centimeter-dynes cm.-grams.020 x 0 - ³ meter-kgs..020 x 0 - ⁸ pound-feet x 0 - ⁸ centimeter-grams cm.-dynes meter-kgs. 0 - ⁵ pound-feet x 0 - ⁵ centimeters of mercury atmospheres feet of water kgs./sq. meter 36.0 pounds/sq. ft pounds/sq. in centimeters/sec. feet/min..969 feet/sec kilometers/hr knots meters/min. 0.6 miles/hr miles/min x 0 - ⁴ centimeters/sec./sec. feet/sec./sec kms./hr./sec meters/sec./sec. 0.0 miles/hr./sec circular mils sq. cms x 0 - ⁶ sq. mils sq. inches x 0 - ⁷ coulombs faradays.036 x 0 - ⁵ coulombs/sq. cm. coulombs/sq. in coulombs/sq. meter 0⁴ coulombs/sq. in. coulombs/sq. cm coulombs/sq. meter,550.0 coulombs/sq. meter coulombs/sq. cm. 0 - ⁴ coulombs/sq. in x 0 - ⁴ cubic centimeters cu. feet 3.53 x 0 - ⁵ cu. inches cu. meters 0 - ⁶ cu. yards.308 x 0 - ⁶ gallons (U.S. liq.) x 0 - ⁴ liters 0.00 pints (U.S. liq.) 2.3 x 0 - ³ quarts (U.S. liq.).057 x 0 - ³ cubic feet bushels (dry) cu. cms. 28,320.0 cu. inches,728.0 cu. meters cu. yards gallons (U.S. liq.) liters pints (U.S. liq.) quarts (U.S. liq.) cubic feet/min. cu. cms./sec gallons/sec liters/sec pounds of water/min C

17 Conversions: Miscellaneous (cont.) TO CONVERT INTO MULTIPLY BY TO CONVERT INTO MULTIPLY BY C (cont.) cubic feet/sec. million gals./day gallons/min cubic inches cu. cms cu. feet x 0 - ⁴ cu. meters.639 x 0 - ⁵ cu. yards 2.43 x 0 - ⁵ gallons (U.S. liq.) x 0 - ³ liters mil.-ft..06 x 0⁵ pints (U.S. liq.) quarts (U.S. liq.) cubic meters bushels (dry) cu. cms. 0⁶ cu. feet 35.3 cu. inches 6,023.0 cu. yards.308 gallons (U.S. liq.) liters 0³ pints (U.S. liq.) 2,3.0 quarts (U.S. liq.),057.0 cubic yards cu. cms x 0⁵ cu. feet 27.0 cu. inches 46,656.0 cu. meters gallons (U.S. liq.) liters pints (U.S. liq.),65.9 quarts (U.S. liq.) cubic yards/min. cubic ft./sec gallons/sec liters/sec days hours 24.0 minutes,440.0 seconds 86,400.0 decigrams grams 0. deciliters liters 0. decimeters meters 0. degrees (angle) minutes 60.0 quadrants 0.0 radians seconds 3,600.0 degrees/sec. radians/sec revolutions/min revolutions/sec x 0 - ³ dekagrams grams 0.0 dekaliters liters 0.0 dekameters meters 0.0 drams grams.778 grains ounces dynes grams.020 x 0 - ³ joules/cm. 0⁷ joules/meter (newtons) 0 - ⁵ kilograms.020 x 0 - ⁶ poundals x 0 - ⁵ pounds x 0 - ⁶ dynes/sq. cm. bars dynes/sq. meters bars 0 - ⁴ ergs Btu x 0 - ¹¹ dyne-centimeters.0 foot-pounds x 0 - ⁸ gram-calories x 0 - ⁸ D E E (cont.) ergs (continued) gram-cms..020 x 0 - ³ horsepower-hrs x 0 - ¹⁴ joules 0 - ⁷ kg.-calories x 0 - ¹¹ kg.-meters.020 x 0 - ⁸ kilowatt-hrs x 0 - ¹³ watt-hours x 0 - ¹⁰ ergs/sec. Btu/min. 5,688.0 x 0 - ⁹ ft.-lbs./min x 0 - ⁶ ft.-lbs./sec x 0 - ⁸ horsepower.34 x 0 - ¹⁰ kg.-calories/min..433 x 0 - ⁹ kilowatts 0 - ¹⁰ F farads microfarads 0⁶ faradays ampere-hours coulombs x 0⁴ fathoms feet 6.0 feet centimeters kilometers x 0 - ⁴ meters miles (naut.).645 x 0 - ⁴ miles (stat.).894 x 0 - ⁴ millimeters mils.2 x 0⁴ feet of water atmospheres in. of mercury kgs./sq. cm kgs./sq. meter pounds/sq. ft pounds/sq. in feet/min. cms./sec feet/sec kms./hr meters/min miles/hr feet/sec. cms./sec kms./hr..097 knots meters/min miles/hr miles/min feet/sec./sec. cms./sec./sec kms./hr./sec..097 meters/sec./sec miles/hr./sec feet/00 feet per cent grade.0 foot-pounds Btu.286 x 0 - ³ ergs.356 x 0⁷ grams-calories hp-hrs x 0 - ⁷ joules.356 kg.-calories 3.24 x 0 - ⁴ kg.-meters kilowatt-hrs x 0 - ⁷ foot-pounds/min. Btu/min..286 x 0 - ³ foot-pounds/sec horsepower x 0 - ⁵ kg.-calories/min x 0 - ⁴ kilowatts x 0 - ⁵ foot-pounds/sec. Btu/hr Btu/min horsepower.88 x 0 - ³ kg.-calories/min kilowatts.356 x 0 - ³ furlongs rods 40.0 feet 660.0

18 Conversions: Miscellaneous (cont.) TO CONVERT INTO MULTIPLY BY TO CONVERT INTO MULTIPLY BY gallons cu. cms. 3,785.0 cu. feet cu. inches 23.0 cu. meters x 0 - ³ cu. yards 4.95 x 0 - ³ liters pints 8.0 quarts 4.0 gallons (liq. Br.Imp.) gallons (U.S. liq.) gallons (U.S.) gallons (Imp.) gallons of water pounds of water gallons/min. cu. ft./sec x 0 - ³ liters/sec cu. ft./hr gausses lines/sq. in webers/sq. cm. 0 - ⁸ webers/sq. in x 0 - ⁸ webers/sq. meter 0 - ⁴ gilberts ampere-turns gilberts/cm. amp-turns/cm amp-turns/in amp-turns/meter gils liters 0.83 pints (liq.) 0.25 grains (troy) grains (avdp.).0 grams ounces (avdp.) x 0 - ³ pennyweight (troy) grains/u.s. gal. parts/million 7.8 pounds/million gal grains/imp. gal. parts/million grams dynes grains 5.43 joules/cm x 0 - ⁵ joules/meter (newtons) x 0 - ³ kilograms 0 - ³ milligrams 0³ ounces (avdp.) ounces (troy) poundals pounds x 0 - ³ grams/cm. pounds/inch x 0 - ³ grams/cu. cm. pounds/cu. ft pounds/cu. in pounds/mil.-foot x 0 - ⁷ grams/liter grains/gal pounds/,000 gal pounds/cu. ft parts/million,000.0 grams/sq. cm. pounds/sq. ft gram-calories Btu x 0 - ³ ergs x 0⁷ foot-pounds horsepower-hrs x 0 - ⁶ kilowatt-hrs..630 x 0 - ⁶ watt-hrs..630 x 0 - ³ gram-calories/sec. Btu/hr gram-centimeters Btu x 0 - ⁸ ergs joules x 0 - ⁵ kg.-cal x 0 - ⁸ kg-meters 0 - ⁵ G hectares acres 2.47 sq. foot.076 x 0⁵ hectograms grams 00.0 hectoliters liters 00.0 hectometers meters 00.0 hectowatts watts 00.0 henries millihenries 0³ horsepower Btu/min " foot-lbs./min. 33,000.0 " foot-lbs./sec horsepower (metric) horsepower (542.5 ft. lb./sec.) (550 ft. lb./sec.) horsepower horsepower (metric) (550 ft. lb./sec.) (542.5 ft. lb./sec.).04 horsepower kg.-calories/min kilowatts watts horsepower (boiler) Btu/hr kilowatts horsepower-hrs. Btu 2,547.0 ergs x 0¹³ foot-lbs..98 x 0⁶ gram-calories 64,90.0 joules x 0⁶ kg.-calories 64. kg.-meters x 0⁵ kilowatt-hrs hours days 4.67 x 0 - ² minutes 60.0 seconds 3,600.0 weeks x 0 - ³ I inches centimeters feet x 0 - ² meters x 0 - ² miles.578 x 0 - ⁵ millimeters mils 0³ yards x 0 - ² inches of mercury atmospheres feet of water.33 kgs./sq. cm kgs./sq. meter pounds/sq. ft pounds/sq. in inches of water (at 4 C) atmospheres x 0 - ³ inches of mercury kgs./sq. cm x 0 - ³ ounces/sq. in pounds/sq. ft pounds/sq. in joules Btu x 0 - ⁴ ergs 0⁷ foot-pounds kg.-calories x 0 - ⁴ kg.-meters watt-hrs x 0 - ⁴ joules/cm. grams.020 x 0 - ⁴ dynes 0⁷ joules/meter (newtons) 00.0 poundals pounds H J

19 Conversions: Miscellaneous (cont.) TO CONVERT INTO MULTIPLY BY TO CONVERT INTO MULTIPLY BY kilograms dynes 980,665.0 grams 0³ joules/cm joules/meter (newtons) poundals pounds tons (long) x 0 - ⁴ tons (short).02 x 0 - ³ kilograms/cu. meter grams/cu. cm pounds/cu. ft pounds/cu. in x 0 - ⁵ pounds/mil.-foot x 0 - ¹⁰ kilograms/meter pounds/ft kilograms/sq. cm. atmospheres feet of water 32.8 inches of mercury pounds/sq. ft. 2,048.0 pounds/sq. in kilograms/sq. meter atmospheres x 0 - ⁵ bars x 0 - ⁶ feet of water 32.8 x 0 - ³ inches of mercury x 0 - ³ pounds/sq. ft pounds/sq. in..422 x 0 - ³ kilograms/sq. mm. kgs./sq. meter 0⁶ kilogram-calories Btu foot-pounds 3,088.0 hp-hrs..560 x 0 - ⁷ joules 4,86.0 kg.-meters kilojoules 4.86 kilowatt-hrs..63 x 0 - ³ kilogram meters Btu x 0 - ³ ergs x 0⁷ foot-pounds joules kg.-calories x 0 - ³ kilowatt-hrs x 0 - ⁶ kilolines maxwells 0³ kiloliters liters 0³ kilometers centimeters 0⁵ feet 3,28.0 inches x 0⁴ meters 0³ miles millimeters 0⁶ yards,094.0 kilometers/hr. cms./sec feet/min feet/sec knots meters/min miles/hr kilometers/hrs./sec. cms./sec./sec ft./sec./sec meters/sec./sec miles/hr./sec kilopascals atmospheres 9.87x0-3 feet of water inches of Hg kgs/sq. meter.02x0 2 pounds/sq. ft pounds/sq. in torr 7.5 kilowatts Btu/min foot-lbs./min x 0⁴ foot-lbs./sec K K (cont.) kilowatts (cont.) horsepower.34 kg.-calories/min watts 0³ kilowatt-hrs. Btu 3,43.0 ergs x 0¹³ foot-lbs x 0⁶ gram-calories 859,850.0 horsepower-hrs..34 joules 3.6 x 0⁶ kg.-calories kg.-meters 3.67 x 0⁵ pounds of water evaporated from and at 22 F 3.53 pounds of water raised from 62 to 22 F knots feet/hr. 6,080.0 kilometers/hr nautical miles/hr..0 statute miles/hr..5 yards/hr. 2,027.0 feet/sec..689 league miles (approx.) 3.0 lines/sq. cm. gausses.0 lines/sq. in. gausses webers/sq. cm..550 x 0 - ⁹ webers/sq. in. 0 - ⁸ webers/sq. meter.550 x 0 - ⁵ links (engineer s) inches 2.0 links (surveyor s) inches 7.92 liters bushels (U.S. dry) cu. cm. 0³ cu. feet cu. inches 6.02 cu. meters 0.00 cu. yards.308 x 0 - ³ gallons (U.S. liq.) pints (U.S. liq.) 2.3 quarts (U.S. liq.).057 liters/min. cu. ft./sec x 0 - ⁴ gals./sec x 0 - ³ lumens/sq. ft. foot-candles.0 lux foot-candles maxwells kilolines 0 - ³ webers 0 - ⁸ megalines maxwells 0⁶ megohms microhms 0¹² ohms 0⁶ meters centimeters 0² feet 3.28 inches kilometers 0.00 miles (naut.) x 0 - ⁴ miles (stat.) 6.24 x 0 - ⁴ millimeters 0³ yards.094 varas.79 meters/min. cms./sec..667 feet/min feet/sec kms./hr knots L M

20 Conversions: Miscellaneous (cont.) TO CONVERT INTO MULTIPLY BY TO CONVERT INTO MULTIPLY BY M (cont.) meters/min. (cont.) miles/hr meters/sec. feet/min feet/sec kilometers/hr. 3.6 miles/hr miles/min meters/sec./sec. cms./sec./sec. 0² ft./sec./sec kms./hr./sec. 3.6 miles/hr./sec meter-kilograms cm.-dynes x 0⁷ cm.-grams 0⁵ pound-feet microfarad farads 0 - ⁶ micrograms grams 0 - ⁶ microhms megohms 0 - ¹² ohms 0 - ⁶ microliters liters 0 - ⁶ microns meters 0 - ⁶ miles (naut.) feet 6, kilometers.853 meters, miles (statute).56 yards 2,027.0 miles (statute) centimeters.609 x 0⁵ feet 5,280.0 inches x 0⁴ kilometers.609 meters,609.0 miles (naut.) yards,760.0 miles/hr. cm./sec feet/min feet/sec..467 kms./hr..609 kms./min knots meters/min miles/min miles/hr./sec. cms./sec./sec feet/sec./sec..467 kms./hr./sec..609 meters/sec./sec miles/min. cms./sec. 2,682.0 feet/sec kms./min..609 miles (naut.)/min miles/hr mil-feet cu. inches x 0 - ⁶ milliers kilograms 0³ milligrams grams 0 - ³ milligrams/liter parts/million.0 millihenries henries 0 - ³ milliliters liters 0 - ³ millimeters centimeters 0. feet 3.28 x 0 - ³ inches meters 0.00 miles 6.24 x 0 - ⁷ mils yards.094 x 0 - ³ million gals./day cu. ft./sec mils centimeters x 0 - ³ feet x 0 - ⁵ inches 0.00 kilometers x 0 - ⁸ M (cont.) mils (cont.) yards x 0 - ⁵ miner s inches cu. ft./min..5 minutes (angles) degrees quadrants.852 x 0 - ⁴ radians x 0 - ⁴ seconds 60.0 myriagrams kilograms 0.0 myriameters kilometers 0.0 myriawatts kilowatts 0.0 nepers decibels O ohms megohms 0 - ⁶ ohms microhms 0⁶ ounces drams 6.0 grains grams pounds ounces (troy) 0.95 tons (long) x 0 - ⁵ tons (metric) x 0 - ⁵ ounces (fluid) cu. inches.805 liters ounces (troy) grains grams ounces (avdp.).0974 pennyweights (troy) 20.0 pounds (troy) ounces/sq. in. pounds/sq. in P parts/million grains/u.s. gal grains/imp. gal pounds/million gal pascals millibar 0-2 pounds/sq. ft x 0-2 pounds/sq. in..45 x 0-4 torr 7.5 x 0-3 in.hg 2.96 x 0-4 pennyweights (troy) grains 24.0 ounces (troy) 0.05 grams.5557 pounds (troy) x 0 - ³ pints (dry) cu. inches pints (liq.) cu. cms cu. feet cu. inches cu. meters x 0 - ⁴ cu. yards 6.89 x 0 - ⁴ gallons 0.25 liters quarts (liq.) 0.5 poundals dynes 3,826.0 grams 4.0 joules/cm..383 x 0 - ³ joules/meter (newtons) kilograms pounds pounds drams dynes x 0⁴ grains 7,000.0 grams joules/cm joules/meter (newton) N

21 Conversions: Miscellaneous (cont.) TO CONVERT INTO MULTIPLY BY P (cont.) pounds (cont.) kilograms ounces 6.0 ounces (troy) poundals 32.7 pounds (troy).2528 tons (short) pounds (troy) grains 5,760.0 grams ounces (avdp.) ounces (troy) 2.0 pounds (troy) pennyweights (troy) pounds (avdp.) tons (long) x 0 - ⁴ tons (metric) x 0 - ⁴ tons (short) 4.43 x 0 - ⁴ pounds of water cu. feet cu. inches gallons 0.98 pounds of water/min. cu. ft./sec x 0 - ⁴ pounds-feet cm.-dynes.356 x 0⁷ cm.-grams 3,825.0 meter-kgs pounds/cu. ft. grams/cu. cm kgs./cu. meter 6.02 pounds/cu. in x 0 - ⁴ pounds/mil.-ft x 0 - ⁹ pounds/cu. in. gms./cu. cm kgs./cu. meter x 0⁴ pounds/cu. ft.,728.0 pounds/mil.-foot x 0 - ⁶ pounds/ft. kgs./meter.488 pounds/in. gms./cm pounds/mil.-foot gms./cu. cm x 0⁶ pounds/sq. ft. atmospheres x 0 - ⁴ feet of water inches of mercury kgs./sq. meter pounds/sq. in x 0 - ³ pounds/sq. in. atmospheres feet of water inches of mercury kgs./sq. meter 703. pounds/sq. ft kilopascal quadrants (angle) degrees 90.0 minutes 5,400.0 radians.57 seconds 3.24 x 0⁵ quarts (dry) cu. inches quarts (liq.) cu. cms cu. feet cu. inches cu. meters x 0 - ⁴ cu. yards.238 x 0 - ³ gallons 0.25 liters radians degrees minutes 3,438.0 quadrants seconds x 0⁵ radians/sec. degrees sec revolutions/min Q R TO CONVERT INTO MULTIPLY BY R (cont.) radians/sec. (cont.) revolutions/sec radians/sec./sec. revs./min./min revs./min./sec revs./sec./sec revolutions degrees quadrants 4.00 radians revolutions/min. degrees/sec. 6.0 radians/sec revs./sec revolutions/min./min. radians/sec./sec..745 x 0 - ³ revs./min./sec revs./sec./sec x 0 - ⁴ revolutions/sec. degrees/sec radians/sec revs./min revolutions/sec./sec. radians/sec./sec revs./min./min. 3,600.0 revs./min./sec rods feet 6.5 seconds (angle) degrees x 0 - ⁴ minutes quadrants x 0 - ⁶ radians x 0 - ⁶ square centimeters circular mils.973 x 0⁵ sq. feet.076 x 0 - ³ sq. inches sq. meters sq. miles 3.86 x 0 - ¹¹ sq. millimeters 00.0 sq. yards.96 x 0 - ⁴ square feet acre x 0 - ⁵ circular mils.833 x 0⁸ sq. cms sq. inches 44.0 sq. meters sq. miles x 0 - ⁸ sq. millimeters x 0⁴ sq. yards 0. square inches circular mils.273 x 0⁶ sq. cms sq. feet x 0 - ³ sq. millimeters sq. mils 0⁶ sq. yards 7.76 x 0 - ⁴ square kilometers acres 247. sq. cms. 0¹⁰ sq. ft x 0⁶ sq. inches.550 x 0⁹ sq. meters 0⁶ sq. miles sq.yards.96 x 0⁶ square meters acres 2.47 x 0 - ⁴ sq. cms. 0⁴ sq. feet 0.76 sq. inches,550.0 sq. miles 3.86 x 0 - ⁷ sq. millimeters 0⁶ sq. yards.96 square miles acres sq. feet x 0⁶ sq. kms sq. meters x 0⁶ sq. yards x 0⁶ S

22 Conversions: Miscellaneous (cont.) TO CONVERT INTO MULTIPLY BY S (cont.) square millimeters circular mils,973.0 sq. cms. 0.0 sq. feet.076 x 0 - ⁵ sq. inches.550 x 0-C square mils circular mils.273 sq. cms x 0 - ⁶ sq. inches 0 - ⁶ square yards acres x 0 - ⁴ sq. cms. 8,36.0 sq. ft. 9.0 sq. inches,296.0 sq. meters sq. miles x 0 - ⁷ sq. millimeters 8.36 x 0⁵ T temperature absolute temperature.0 ( C) ( C) temperature temperature ( F).8 ( C) temperature absolute temperature.0 ( F) ( F) temperature temperature ( C) ( F) - 32 tons (long) kilograms,06.0 pounds 2,240.0 tons (short).20 tons (metric) kilograms,000.0 pounds 2,205.0 tons (short) kilograms ounces 32,000.0 ounces (troy) 29,66.66 pounds 2,000.0 pounds (troy) 2, tons (long) tons (metric) tons (short)/sq. ft. kgs./sq. meter 9,765.0 pounds/sq. in. 2,000.0 tons of water/24 hrs. pounds of water/hr gallons/min cu. ft./hr TO CONVERT INTO MULTIPLY BY watts Btu/hr Btu/min ergs/sec foot-lbs./min foot-lbs./sec horsepower.34 x 0 - ³ horsepower (metric).360 x 0 - ³ kg.-calories/min kilowatts 0.00 watt-hours Btu 3.43 ergs 3.60 x 0¹⁰ foot-pounds 2,656.0 gram-calories horsepower-hrs..34 x 0 - ³ kilogram-calories kilogram-meters kilowatt-hrs webers maxwells 0⁸ kilolines 0⁵ webers/sq. in. gausses.550 x 0⁷ lines/sq. in. 0⁸ webers/sq. cm webers/sq. meter,550.0 webers/sq. meter gausses 0⁴ lines/sq. in x 0⁴ webers/sq. cm. 0 - ⁴ webers/sq. in x 0 - ⁴ yards centimeters 9.44 feet 3.0 inches 36.0 kilometers 9.44 x 0 - ⁴ meters miles (naut.) x 0 - ⁴ miles (stat.) x 0 - ⁴ millimeters 94.4 W Y

23 Equivalents: Liquid Measures and Weights TO OBTAIN MULTIPLY BY U.S. Gallon Imperial Gallon U.S. Pint U.S. Pound Water* U.S. Cubic Foot U.S. Cubic Inch Liter Cubic Meter U.S. Gallon Imperial Gallon U.S. Pint U.S. Pound Water* U.S. Cubic Foot U.S. Cubic Inch Liter Cubic Meter *Water at 60 F (5.6 C) Barrel = 42 gallons (petroleum measure) EXAMPLE: (8 Imperial gallons) ( ) = liters Equivalents: Kinematic Viscosity To convert kinematic viscosity from one set of units to another, locate the given set of units in the left hand column and multiply the numerical value by the factor shown horizontally to the right, under the set of units desired. As an example, suppose a given kinematic viscosity of 0.5 square foot/second is to be converted to centistokes. By referring to the table, we find the conversion factor to be 92,900. Then, 0.5 (sq ft/sec) times 92,900 = 46,450 centistokes. Kinematic Viscosity centistokes stokes (v) centistokes (v) stokes cm 2 sec (00 v) 0.0 ft 2 sec (v').076 (0 5 ) cm 2 sec (00 v) (0 3 ) ft 2 sec (v') 92,

24 Equivalents: Absolute Viscosity To convert absolute or dynamic viscosity from one set of units to another, locate the given set of units in the left hand column and multiply the numerical value by the factor shown horizontally to the right under the set of units desired. As an example, suppose a given absolute viscosity of 2 poise is to be converted to slugs/foot second. By referring to the table, we find the conversion factor to be 2.09 (0 ³). Then, 2 (poise) times 2.09 (0 ³) = 4.8 (0 ³) = slugs/foot second. Absolute or Dynamic Viscosity centipoise poise gram cm sec dyne sec cm 2 slugs ft sec pounds f ft 2 poundsm ft sec poundal sec ft 2 (µ) (00 µ) (µ' e) (µ e) centipoise poise (µ) (0 5 ) 6.72 (0 4 ) gram cm sec (00 µ) (0 3 ) dyne sec cm 2 slugs ft. sec *poundsf sec ft 2 (µ'e) 47, g or 32.2 pounds m ft. sec poundal sec ft 2 (µe), or.03 g *Pound f = Pound of Force Pound m = Pound of Mass Equivalents: Electrical Units Emf Resistance Current Quantity Capacitance Inductance Energy Power Practical Unit Cgs Electromagnetic Unit Cgs Electrostatic Unit volt = 0 8 abvolts volt = 3.3 x 0 3 statvolt ohm = 0 9 abohms ohm =. x 0 2 statohm ampere = 0 abampere ampere = 3 x 0 9 statamperes coulomb = 0 abcoulomb coulomb = 3 x 0 9 statcoulombs farad = 0 9 abfarads farad = 9 x 0 statfarads henry = 0 9 abhenries henry =. x 0 2 stathenry joule = 0 7 ergs watt = 0 7 ergs sec abvolt = 0 8 volt abvolt = 3.3 x 0 statvolt abohm = 0 9 ohm abohm =. x 0 2 statohm abampere = 0 amperes abampere = 3 x 0 0 statamperes abcoulomb = 0 coulombs abcoulomb = 3 x 0 0 statcoulombs abfarad = 0 9 farads abfarad = 9 x 0 20 statfarads abhenry = 0 9 henry abhenry =. x 0 2 stathenries erg = 0-7 joule erg = 0 7 watt sec statvolt = 300 volts (approx.) statvolt = 3 x 0 0 abvolts statohm = 9 x 0 ohms statohm = 9 x 0 20 abohms statampere = 3.3 x 0 0 ampere statampere = 3.3 x 0 abampere statcoulomb = 3.3 x 0 0 coulomb statcoulomb = 3.3 x 0 abcoulombs statfarad =. x 0 2 farads statfarad =. x 0 2 abfarads stathenry = 9 x 0 henries stathenry = 9 x 0 20 abhenries erg = 0 7 joule erg = 0 7 watt sec

25 Equivalents: Degrees API and Degrees Baumé Degrees on API or Baumé Scale Specific Gravity S Values for API Scale Oil Weight Density Lb/Ft 3 p Pounds per Gallon Values for Baumé Scale Liquids Lighter Than Water Liquids Heavier Than Water Specific Gravity S Weight Density Lb/Ft 3 p Pounds per Gallon Specific Gravity S Weight Density Lb/Ft 3 p Pounds per Gallon

26 Equivalents: Kinematic and Saybolt Viscosity Equivalents of Kinematic and Saybolt Furol Viscosity Equivalents of Kinematic and Saybolt Universal Viscosity Kinematic Viscosity, Centistokes v Equivalent Saybolt Furol Viscosity, Sec At 22 F (50 C) Basic Values At 20 F (99 C) Over 300 Saybolt Furol Seconds = Centistokes x Log (Saybolt Furol Seconds ) =.0276 [Log (Centistokes)] Kinematic Viscosity, Centistokes v Equivalent Saybolt Universal Viscosity, Sec At 00 F (37.8 C) Basic Values At 20 F (99 C) Over 500 Saybolt Seconds = Centistokes x Saybolt Seconds = Centistokes x Note: To obtain the Saybolt Universal viscosity equivalent to a kinematic viscosity determined at t, multiply the equivalent Saybolt Universal viscosity at 00 F (37.8 C) by +(t - 00) For example, 0 v at 20 F (99 C) are equivalent to 58.9 multiplied by.0070 or sec Saybolt Universal at 20 F (99 C). These tables are reprinted with the permission of the American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM). The table at the left was abstracted from Table, D26-63T. The table at the right was abstracted from Table 3, D26-63T.

27 Equivalents: Pressure and Head To convert from one set of units to another, locate the given unit in the left hand column, and multiply the numerical value by the factor shown horizontally to the right, under the set of units desired. TO OBTAIN MULTIPLY BY lb/in 2 lb/ft 2 Atmospheres kg/cm 2 kg/m 2 water in. (68 F)* ft. water (68 F)* in. mercury (32 F) mm mercury (32 F) Bars Mega- Pascals (MPa) kpa mm water (68 F) lb/in lb/ft Atmospheres kg/cm kg/m in./water* ft./water* in. mercury mm mercury Bars MPa kpa mm water column *Water at 68 F (20 C) mercury at 32 F (0 C) MPa (MegaPascal) = 0 Bars =,000,000 N/m 2 (Newtons/meter 2 ) EXAMPLE: (5 kg/cm 2 ) (2048.6) = 0,240.8 lb./ft. 2

28 Properties: Density and Specific Gravity of Selected Liquids Liquid Temperature F C Density➀ lb/ft 3 Specific➁ Gravity Acetaldehyde Acetone Acetic Anhydride Acid, Acetic Conc Acid, Benzoic Acid, Butyric, Conc Acid, Hydrochloric, 42.5% Acid, Hydrocyanic Acid, Nitric, Conc. Boil Acid, Ortho-phosphoric Ammonia, Saturated Aniline Argon Asphalt Beer Benzene Brine, 0% CaCl Brine, 0% NaCl Bromine Bunkers C Fuel Max Butane-n Carbon Disulphide Carbon Monoxide Carbon Tetrachloride China Wood Oil Chloride Chlorobenzene Chloroform Chromic Acid Citric Acid Cocoanut Oil Corn syrup 86.4 Brix Corn syrup 78.4 Brix Creosote Cresol, Meta Decane-n Diesel Fuel grade -D Diesel Fuel grade 2-D Diesel Fuel grade 4-D Diphenyl Distallate Dowtherm A Ethanol Ether Ethyl Acetate Ethyl Alcohol Ethylamine Ethyl Benzene Ethyl Chloride Ethyl Oxide Ethylene Glycol Fluorine Formaldehyde Formic Acid Fuell 3 Max Fuel 5 Min Fuel 5 Max Fuel 6 Min Fuel Oil (Bunker C) Furfural Gasoline Gasoline, Natural Glucose Glycerol (Glycerine) Glycol Helium Heptane Heptane-n Hexane-n Hexanol Hydrofluoric Acid Hydrogen Chloride Hydrogen Sulfide Ink, printers Ionene Isobutyl Alcohol Isopropyl Alcohol Jet Fuel, grade JP Kerosene Lard Liquid Temperature F C Density➀ lb/ft 3 Specific➁ Gravity Lard Oil Linolenic Acid Linseed Oil M. C. Residuum Mercury Mercury Mercury Mercury Mercury Methane Methyl Alcohol Methylene Chloride Methyl Ethyl Ketone Methyl Propyl Milk Mineral Oil Naphtha, Petroleum Naphtha, Wood Naphthalene Nonane-n Nonanol Ocimene Octane-n Oil, Olive Palmitic Acid Pentane Petroleum Ether Phenol Phosgene Phosphorus Propane Propanol Propyl Alcohol Propylene Propylene Glycol Pyridine Resorcinol Rosin Oil Sabiname SAE 0 Lube SAE 30 Lube SAE 70 Lube Salt Creek Crude Silane Sorbaldehyde Sperm Oil Starch Stearic Acid Styrene Sucrose 60 Brix Sucrose 76 Brix Sulphur Dioxide Sulphuric Acid Sulphuric Acid Sulphur Trioxide API Crude API Crude API Crude API Crude Tar, Road RT Tar, Road RT Tar, Road RT Terpinene Toluene (Toluol) Transmission Oil Trichloroethylene Turpentine Varnish, spar Vegetable Oil Water Water Water, Distilled Water, sea Whale Oil Xylol (Xylene) ➀ Density is shown for the temperature listed. ➁ Specific gravity uses water at 60 F as base conditions.

29 Properties: Density and Specific Gravity of Selected Gases Gas Chemical Molecular Density➀ Density➁ Specific➁ Formula Weight lb/ft 3 kg/m 3 Gravity Acetylene C 2 H Air Ammonia NH Argon Ar Bio Gas (65% Methane, 35% CO 2 ) Butane-N C 4 H Butylene C 4 H Carbon Dioxide CO Carbon Monoxide CO Chlorine Cl Ethane C 2 H Ethylene C 2 H Helium He Hextane, Average C 6 H Hydrogen H Hydrogen Sulfide H 2 S Methane CH Nitric Oxide NO Nitrogen N Nitrous Oxide N 2 O Oxygen O Pentane C 5 H Propane C 3 H Propylene C 3 H Sulphur Dioxide SO ➀ Density is given for gas at F. ➁ Density is given for gas at +0 C.

30 Properties: Density and Specific Gravity of Saturated Water Temperature F C Pressure PSI Density lbs/ft 3 S.G. Dielectric Dielectric Error in Constant Of Liquid Constant Of Vapor Distance, % Temperature F C Pressure PSI Density lbs/ft 3 S.G. Dielectric Constant Of Liquid Dielectric Constant Of Vapor Error in Distance, %

31 Properties: Density of Superheated Steam and Compressed Water Temperature Superheated Steam and Compressed Water Density lbm/ft 3 F C Saturated Steam Saturated Water Tsat F

32 Properties: Specific Gravity of Petroleum Products Temperature Relationship for Petroleum Oils (Reproduced by permission from the Oil and Gas Journal).0 S Specific Gravity of Oil at any Temperature (Referred to water at 60 F) C2H C3H C4H0.66 C4H C5H Specific Gravity 60/ API Gravity at 60 F CRITICAL TEMPERATURE C₂H₆ = Ethane C₃H₈ = Propane C₄H₁₀ = Butane ic₄h₁₀ = Isobutane ic₅h₁₂ = Isopentane Temp. ( F) Example: The specific gravity of an oil at 60 F is The specific gravity at 00 F = To find the weight density of a petroleum oil at its flowing temperature when the specific gravity at 60 F is known, multiply the specific gravity of the oil at flowing temperature (see chart above) by 62.4, the density of water at 60 F. *Reprinted from Crane Company s Technical Paper 40. Specific Gravity versus API Gravity (for hydrocarbon based products and water gravity A.P.I.).00 API 0.90 Specific Gravity API = G

33 Properties: Density of Air Temperature F C Air Density lbm/ft Properties: Speed of Sound Gases m/sec ft/sec air, dry ammonia argon carbon dioxide carbon monoxide chlorine deuterium ethane ethylene helium hydrogen hydrogen bromide hydrogen chloride hydrogen iodide hydrogen sulfide illuminating (coal gas) methane neon nitric oxide nitrogen nitrous oxide oxygen sulfur dioxide Vapors m/sec ft/sec acetone benzene carbon tetrachloride chloroform 7 56 ethanol ethyl ether methanol water Note: the speed of sound in gases is measured at 32 F (0 C) except ethane and nitric oxide which is measured at 50 F (0 C). The speed of sound in vapors is measured at 206 F (97 C) except water which is measured at 270 F (34 C).

34 Properties: Dielectric Constants of Liquids This listing contains dielectric values for the most commonly used materials. This information can be used to help select a probe, establish how much capacitance information your particular application will develop, or determine the effect of a coating on the probe. Non-conductive materials are those with dielectric values less than 0. Conductive materials are those with dielectric values greater than 0. Liquids Temperature F C Dielectric Constant Acenaphthene Acetal Acetaldehyde Acetaldoxime Acetamide Acetanilide Acetic Acid Acetic Anhydride Acetone Acetone Acetone Acetonitrile Acetophenone Acetoxime Acetylacetone Acetylbromide Acetylchloride Acetylmethyl Hexyl Ketone Acrylic Resin Aliphatic Amine Allyl Alcohol Allyl Bromide Allyl Chloride Allyl Iodide Allyl Isothiocyanate Alluminum Bromide Alluminum Oleate Alox Aminox Ammonia Ammonia Ammonia Ammonia, Aqueous Amyl Acetate Amyl Alcohol Amyl Alcohol Amyl Alcohol Amylamine Amyl Benzoate Amyl Bromide Amyl Chloride Amylene Amylene Bromide Amyl Ether Amyl Formate Amyl Iodide Amylmercapton Amyl Nitrate Amyl Thiocyanate Aniline Aniline Aniline Anisaldehyde Anisoldoxine Anisole Antimony Pentachloride Antimony Tribromide Antimony Trichloride Antimony Tricodide Arsenic Tribromide Liquids Temperature F C Dielectric Constant Arsenic Trichloride Arsenic Triiodide Arsine Asphalt Azoxyanisole Azoxybenzene BPA Beef Talo Benzal Chloride Benzaldehyde Benzaldoxime Benzene Benzil Benzonitrile Benzonitrile Benzophenone Benzophenone Benzotrichloride Benzoylacetone Benzoyl Chloride Benzoyl Chloride Benzyl Acetate Benzyl Alcohol Benzylamine Benzyl Benzoate Benzyl Chloride Benzyl Cyanide Benzyl Ethylamine Benzyl Methylamine Benzyl Salicylate Bornyl Acetate Boron Bromide Boronyl Chloride Bromal Bromocotyl Bromide Bromohexadecane Bromine Bromo-2-Ethoxyheptane Bromoaniline Bromoanisole Bromobenzene Bromobutylene Bromobutyric Acid Bromodecane Bromodocosane Bromododocane Bromo-2-Othoxypentane Bromoform Bromoheptane Bromohexane Bromolsovoleric Acid Bromonaphtholene Bromooctodecane Bromopentaeocane Bromoproplonic Acid Bromotoluene Bromotridecone Bromoundecone Butadiene Butane 30.4 N-Butylacetate

35 Properties: Dielectric Constants of Liquids (cont.) Liquids Temperature F C Dielectric Constant Iso-Butylacetate Iso-Butylamine N-Butyl Alcohol Iso-Butyl Alcohol Iso-Butyl Alochol Iso-Butyl Alcohol Butylomine N-Butyl Bromide Butyl Chlorol Butyl Chloride N-Butyl Formate N-Butyl Iodide Iso-Butyl Iodide Iso-Butyl Nitrate Butyric Anhydride Butyroldehyda Butyric Acid N-Butyricacid Iso-Butyric Acid Butyric Anhydride Butyronitrile Iso-Butyronitrile Cable Oil Camphanedione Camphene Camphorpinacane Caproic Acid Caprolactum Caprylic Acid Carbon Dioxide Carbon Dioxide Carbon Disulfide Carbon Tetrachloride Carvenone Carveol Carvone Castor Oil Castor Oil Camphene Camphoric Imide Cetyl Iodide Chloral Hydrate Chlorocetic Acid Chlorine Chloroocelle Acid Chloroacetone Chlorobenzene Chlorobenzene Chlorocyclohexane Chloroheptane Chloroform Chlorohexanone oxime Chlorohydrate Chloronophtholene O-Chlorophenol Chloro-, Dihydroxprone Chlorooctane Chlorotoluene Cholestrol Chorine Chromyl Chloride Cis-3-Hexene Cinnamaldehyde Citranconic Anhydride Cocaine Copper Oleate Creosol O-Cresol M-Cresol P-Cresol Liquids Temperature F C Dielectric Constant Cresol Crisco Oil Crotonic Nitrice Cumaldehyde Cumene Cumicaldehyde Cupric Oxide Cyanoacetic Acid Cyanoethyl Acetate Cyanogen Cyclohedane Cyclohexane Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acid Cyclohexanone oxime Cyclohexanemethanol Cyclohexanone Cyclohexylomine Cyclohexylphenol Cyclohexyltrifluoromethane Cyclohexanol Cyclopentane P-Cymene Cymene Decahydronaphthalene Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane Decamethyltetrasiloxane Decane Decane Decylene Decyne Decanol Deuterium Deuterium Oxide Diacetoxybutane Diallyl Sufide Dibenzyl Sebacate Dibroheptane Dibromobenzene P-Dibromobenzene Dibromobutane Dibromoethylene Dibromomethane Dibromoheptane Dibromohexane Dibromopropane Dibromopropyl Alcohol Dibenzylomine Dibutyl phtolote Dibutyl tartrote Dichlorocetic Acid Dibutyl sebacote Dichlorocotone O-Dichlorobenzone P-Dichlorobenzone O-Dichlorobenzene Dichlorobenzene , 2-Dichloroethane Dichloroethane Dichlorostyrene Dichlorotoluene Dicyclohexyladipate Diethoxyethane Diethyloniline Diethyl Benzalmalamate Diethyl Di-malmate Diethyl Disulfide Diethyl Glutarate Diethyl Ketone Diethyl-L-malate Diethyl Malanate

36 Properties: Dielectric Constants of Liquids (cont.) Liquids Temperature F C Dielectric Constant Diethylamine Diethyl Oxalate Diethyl Oxalacetate Diethyl Racemote Diethyl Sebacate Diethyl Succinate Diethyl Succinosuccinate Diethyl Sulfide Diethyl Sulfite Diethyl Tortrate Diethyl Disulfide Dihydrocoroane Dihydrocorvane Diimylamine Diioomylene Diiodoethylene Diiodomethane Diisoomyl Diisobutylomine Dimethoxybenzene Dimethylbromoethylene Dimethyldichloro Silane Dimethyleyclohexyomine Dimethyloniline Dimethyl Ethyl Dimethyl Ethyl Carbinol Dimethylheptane Dimethyl-2-hexane Dimethyl--Hydroxybenzene Dimethyl Malanate Dimethyl Oxalate Dimethylpentane Dimethylquinoxaline Dimethyl Sulfide Dimethyl Sulfate D imethyltoluidine M-Dinitro Benzene Dinitrogen Oxide Dinitrogen Tetroxide Dioctyl phthalate Dioxane, Dipolmitin Dipentene Diphenyl Diphenylomine Diphenylethane Diphenyl Ether Diphenylmethane Diproppylomine Dipropyl Ketone Distearin Docosane Dodeanol Dodecamethylcyclohexisolox Dodecamethylpentasiloxane Dodecyne Dowtherm Epichlorohydrin Epon Resin Ethonediomine Ethanethiol Ethanethiolic Acid Ethanol Ether Ethoxybenzene Ethoxyethyl Acetate Ethoxypentane Ethoxy-3-metylbutane Ethoxytoluene Ethoxynaphthalene Liquids Temperature F C Dielectric Constant Ethyl Acetate Ethyl Acetoacetate Ethyl Acetoneoxalate Ethyl Acetophenoneoxalate Ethyl Alcohol Ethyl Acrylate Ethylamine Ethyl Amyl Ether Ethyloniline Ethyl Benzene Ethyl Benzoate Ethyl Benzoylacetate Ethyl Benzoylacetoacetate Ethyl Benzyl Ether Ethyl -Brombutyrate Ethyl Bromide Ethyl Bromoisobutyrate Ethyl Bromoproprionate Ethyl Butyrate Ethyl Carbonate Ethyl Chloracetate Ethyl Chloroformate Ethyl Chloropropionate Ethyl Cinnamate Ethyl Cyanoacetate Ethyl Cyclobutane Ethyl Dodeconoate Ethylene Ethylene Chloride Ethylene Chlorohydrin Ethylene Cyanide Ethylenediamine Ethylene Glycol Ethylene Oxide Ethyl Ether Ethyl Ether Ethyl Ether Ethyl Ethoxybenzoate Ethyl Formate Ethyl Formylphenylacetate Ethyl Fumorate Ethyl Iodide Ethyl 2-Iodoproprionate Ethyl Iso-Thioconate Ethyl Isothiocyanate Ethyl Levulinate Ethyl Maleate Ethyl Mercoptan Ethyl Nitrate Ethyl Oleate Ethyl Polmitate Ethyl Pentane Ethyl Phenylacetate Ethyl Propionate Ethyl Solicylate Ethyl Silicate Ethyl Stearate Ethyl Toluene Ethyl Trichloroacetate Ethyl Thiocyanate Ethyl Undeconoate Ethyl Volerate Ethyl Benzene Etibine Eugenol Fenchone Ferric Oleate Ferrous Oxide Ferrous Sulfate Flexol

37 Properties: Dielectric Constants of Liquids (cont.) Liquids Temperature F C Dielectric Constant Flourine Fluorotoluene Formamide Formic Acid Freon Freon Freon Furan Furfuraldehyde Furmanium Tetrachloride Furfural Gasoline Germanium Tetrachloride Grapeseed Oil Glycerine Glycerol Glycerol Glycerol Triacetate Glycol Glycol Glycolic Nitrile Guaiacol Glucohepititol Hagemannic Ester Helium Heptadecconome Heptane Heptanone Heptanoic Acid Heptyl Alcohol Hexamethylene Hexamethylene Diamine Hexomethyldisiloxane Hexane Hexanol Hexanone Hexdecamethylcyloheptasiloxane Hexyl Iodide Hexylene Hydrocyanic Acid Hydrofluoric Acid Hydrogen Hydrogen Bromide Hydrogen Chloride Hydrogen Cyanide Hydrogen Fluoride Hydrogen Iodide Hydrogen Peroxide Hydrogen Sulfide Hydrogen Sulfide Hydroxy-4-Methyl-2-Pentanone Hydroxymethylene Camphor Hydroxymethylenebenzyl Cyanide Hydrazine Indanol Ido-Iedohexodecane Iodine Iodohexane Iodoheptane Iodomethane Iodotoluene Isoamyl Alcohol Iodooctane Isoamyl Bromide Isoamyl Butyrate Isoamyl Chlorocetate Isoamyl Chloride Isoamyl Chloroformate Isoamyl Iodide Isoamyl Propionate Liquids Temperature F C Dielectric Constant Isoamyl Solicylate Isoamyl Volerate Isobutyl Acetate Isobutyl Alcohol Isobutylamine Isobutyl Benzene Isobutyl Benzoate Isobutyl Bromide Isobutyl Bulyrate Isobutyl Chloride Isobutyl Cyanide Isobutyl Chloroformate Isobutyl Formate Isobutylene Bromide Isobutyl Iodide Isobutyl Nitrate Isobutyl Rininoleate Isobutyl Volerate Isobutryic Acid Isobutryic Anhydride Isobutyronitrila Isocopronitrilo Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA) Isopropylamine Isopropyl Benzene Isopropylether Isopropyl Nitrate Isoquinoline Isonofrol IsoValeric Acid Jet Fuel (Military JP4) Kerosene Lactic Acid Lactonitrilla Lead Carbonate Lead Nomoxide Lead Oleate Lead Tetrachloride Lecithin Lemon Oil Limonene Linseed Oil Linoleic Acid Lonone Malonic Nitrate Maleic Anhydride Mannitol Mandelic Nitrile Mandenitrile Menthol Menthenol Methallmine Methoxyethyl Stearate Mercury Diethyl Mesitylene Mesitylene Mesityl Oxide Methal Cyanacetate Methane Methane Methanol Methoxybenzene Methoxytoluene Methoxy-4-Methylphenol Methyl Acetate Methyl Acetopheononoaxalate Methylal Methyl Alcohol Methyl Alcohol Methyl Alcohol

38 Properties: Dielectric Constants of Liquids (cont.) Liquids Temperature F C Dielectric Constant Methylamine Methyl Benzoate Methyl Benzylamine Methyl Butane Methyl Butyl Ketone Methyl Butyrate Methyl Chloracetate Methyl Chloride Methyl Cyclohexonal Methyl Cyclohexanone Methyl Cyclopentane Methyl--Cyclopentanol Methylene Chloride Methylene Iodide Methyl Ether Methyl Ethyl Ketone Methyl Ethyl Ketoxime Methyl Heptanol Methyl Hexane Methyl Kezyl Ketone Methyl Iodide Methyl-5 Ketocyclohexylene Methyl Nitrobenzoate Methyl Octane Methoxyphenol Methyl O-Methoxybenzoate Methyl-2, 4-Pentonddiol Methyl-2-Pentoene Methylphenyl Hydrazin Methyl Propionate Methyl Propyl Ketone Methyl p-toluate Methyl Salicylate Methyl Thiocyanate Methyl Trichloro Silane Methyl Tertiary-butyl Ether (MTBE) Methyl Volorate Metilox Mineral Oil Misella Monomyristin Monopalmitin Monostearin Nanene Naptha Napthalene Napthalene Napthonitrile Napthtyl Ethyl Ether Nitric Acid Nitroenisole Nitrobenzol Doxime Nitrobenzene Nitrobenzene Nitrobenzene Nitrobenzyl Alcohol Nitroethane Nitrogen Nitromethane Nitroglycerin Nitrosodimethylamine Nitrosyl Bromide Nitrosyl Chloride Nitrotoluene Nitrous Oxide Nonane O-Chlorophenol Octadecanol Octamethyltrisiloxane Octanone Liquids Temperature F C Dielectric Constant Octane Octane Octyl Alcohol Octylene Octyl Iodide Octic Acid Oil, Almond Oil, Cottonseed Oil, Grapeseed Oil, Lemon Oil, Linseed Oil, Olive Oil, Paraffin Oil, Peanut Oil, Petroleum Oil, Pyranol Oil, Sesame Oil, Sperm Oil, Terpentine Oil, Transformer Oleic Acid Palmitic Acid Paraffin Paraldehyde Peanut Oil Pentochloroethane Pentane Phenethiene Phenenthrene Phenetidine Phenetole Phenol Phenol Ether Phenol Isobuthyl Phenoxyacetylene Phenylacetaldehyde Phenylacetanitrile Phenylacetate Phenylacetic Phenylethanol Phenylethyl Acetate Phenylisocyanate Phenyliso-Thiocyanate Phosgene Phenyl--Iropane Phosphine Phosphorus Phenylsolicylate Phtholide Pinocolin Pinocone Pinane Piperidine Propane Propionoldehyde Propionic Acid Propionic Anhydride Propionitrile Propyl Acetate Propyl Alcohol Propyl Benzene Propyl Bromide Propyl Butyrate Propyl Cholorformate Propyl Ether Propyl Formate Propyl Nitrate Propyl Propionate Propyl Volerate Prnopylene

39 Properties: Dielectric Constants of Liquids (cont.) Liquids Temperature F C Dielectric Constant Pseudocumene Pulegone Pulezone Pyridine Pyroanol Oil Quinoline Quinoline Safrol Salicyladehyde Santowax Sealtherm Sealtherm XLT Selenium Sesame Oil Silicon Tetrachloride Sodium Hydroxide Sodium Oleate Sorbitol Stannic Chloride Stearic Acid Styrene (phenylethene) Succinamide Succinic Acid Sulfur Dioxide Sulfurous Oxychloride Sulfur Monochloride Sulfur Trioxide Sulfuryl Chloride Sulfur Sulfur Sulfur Dioxide Sulfuric Acid Sulfuric Oxychloride Sulfur Trioxide Tallow (Beef) Tallowamine Tartaric Acid Tartaric Acid Terpinene Terpineol Tetrobromiethone Tetrachloroethylene Tetradecamethylcycloheptas Tetraethyl Silicate Tetradecanal Tetraethyl Amylenetetrarar Tetraethyl Propane Tetracarboxylate Tetraethyl Propylene Tetracarboxylate Tetrahydro-B-Naphthol Tetratriocontadiene Tetronitrimethane Thioacetic Acid Thionyl Bromide Thionyl Chloride Thiophene Thiophosphoryl Chloride Tin Tetrochloride Titanium Tetrochloride Thujone Toluene Toluidine Tolunitrile Totane Tolyl Methyl Ether Trans-3-Hexane Transformer Oil Transmission Oil Trichloroethane Triethylamine Triethylamine Liquids Temperature F C Dielectric Constant Trifluoroacetic Acid Trinitrotoluene Triethyl Ethanetricarbox Trimethyl-3-Heptane Tribomopropane Tributylphosphate Trichloroacetic Acid Trichlorotoluene Trichloroethylene Trichloropropane Tricosanane Tricosyl Phosphate Triethyl Aconitate Triethylamine Triethyl Aluminum Triethyl Isoaconitate Trifluoroactic Acid Trifluorotoluene Triethylomine Trimethylbenzene Trimethylborate Trimethylbutane Trimethylpentane Trimethylsulfanilic Acid Trinitrobenzene Trinitrotoluene Tripolmitin Triphenylmethane Tistearin Triolein Turpentine Undecane Undecanone Urea Urethane Valaraldehyde Valeric Acid Valeronitrile Vanadium Oxybromide Vanadium Oxychloride Vanadium Tetrachloride Vegetable Oil Vegetable Oil Veratrol Vinyl Ether Water Water Water Water (Ultra-Clean, DI) Wax Xylene Xylenol Xylidine

40 Properties: Dielectric Constants of Solids Material Dielectric Constant Acetamide 4.0 Acetanilide 2.8 Acetic Acid 4. Aluminum Phosphate 6.0 Ammonium Bromide 7.2 Ammonium Chloride 7.0 Antimony Trichloride 5.3 Asbestos 4.8 Asphalt 2.7 Bakelite 5.0 Barium Chloride.0 Barium Chloride 9.4 Barium Nitrate 5.8 Barium Sulfate.4 Calcium Carbonate 9. Calcium Fluoride 7.4 Calcium Sulfate 5.6 Cellulose 4.0 Cellulose Acetate Cement.5 2. Cereals Charcoal.2.8 Cupric Oleafe 2.8 Cupric Oxide 8. Cupric Sulfate 0.3 Diamond 0.0 Diphenylethane 2.7 Dolomite 8.0 Ferrous Oxide 4.2 Fly Ash Glass Iodine 4.0 Lead Acetate 2.5 Lead Carbonate 8. Lead Chloride 4.2 Lead Nomoxide 25.9 Lead Nitrate 37.7 Lead Oleate 3.3 Lead Oxide 25.9 Lead Sulfate 4.3 Magnesium Oxide 9.7 Malachite 7.2 Mercuric Chloride 3.2 Mercurous Chloride 9.4 Mica 7.0 Napthalane 2.5 Material Dielectric Constant Nylon 3.7 Paper 2.0 Paraffin 2.2 Phenonthrene 2.8 Phenol 4.3 Phosphorus, Red 4. Phosphorus, Yellow 3.6 Polyethylene Polypropylene.5 Porcelain Potassium Aluminum Sulphate 3.8 Potassium Carbonate 5.6 Potassium Chlorate 5. Potassium Chloride 5.0 Potassium Chloronate 7.3 Potassium Iodide 5.6 Potassium Nitrate 5.0 Potassium Sulfate 5.9 Quartz 4.4 Resorcinol 3.2 Rice 3.5 Rubber 3.0 Sand Selinium.0 Shellac 3.5 Silver Bromide 2.2 Silver Chloride.2 Silver Cyanide 5.6 Slate 7.0 Sodium Carbonate 8.4 Sodium Carbonate 5.3 Sodium Chloride 6. Sodium Nitrate 5.2 Sodium Oleate 2.8 Sodium Perchlorate 5.4 Sulfur 3.4 Sugar 3.0 Sucrose 3.3 Tantalum Oxide.6 Thallium Chloride 46.9 Thorium Oxide 0.6 P-Toluidine 3.0 Urea 3.5 Zinc Sulfide 8.2 Zirconium Oxide 2.5 Teflon 2.0

41 Properties: Viscosity of Gases and Vapors The curves for hydrocarbon vapors and natural gases in the chart at the upper right are taken from Maxwell; the curves for all other gases (except helium) in the chart are based upon Sutherland s formula, as follows: Viscosity of various gases Viscosity of Various Gases ( )( ) µ = µ o To + C T ³ ₂ T + C To.040 O 2 Helium where:.036 Air N 2 µ = viscosity, in centipoise at temperature T. µ o = viscosity, in centipoise at temperature T o..032 CO2 SO 2 T = absolute temperature, in degrees Rankine (460 + deg. F) for which viscosity is desired. T o = absolute temperature, in degrees Rankine, for which viscosity is known. C = Sutherland s constant. Note: The variation of viscosity with pressure is small for most gases. For gases given on this page, the correction of viscosity for pressure is less than 0% for pressures up to 500 pounds per square inch. µ Viscosity in Centipose CO Sg =.5 NH3 Sg =.75 Sg =.00 H2 HYDRO CARBON VAPOR AND NATURAL GASES Fluid O 2 Air N 2 CO 2 CO SO 2 NH 3 H 2 Approximate Values of C Upper chart example: The viscosity of sulphur dioxide gas (SO 2 ) at 200 F (93 C) is 0.06 centipoise t Temperature in Degrees Fahrenheit Viscosity of Refrigerant Vapors (saturated and superheated vapors) Lower chart example: The viscosity of carbon dioxide gas (CO 2 ) at about 80 F (26.7 ) is 0.05 centipoise CO 2.06 µ Viscosity in Centipoise F-4 SO 2 F-2 F- CH 3CI F NH t Temperature in Degrees Fahrenheit

42 Properties: Viscosity of Water and Steam Temperature F ( C) Saturated Water Saturated Steam 2 5 Viscosity of Water and Steam in Centipoise (µ) (538) (50) (482) (454) (427) (399) (37) (343) (36) (288) (260) (232) (204) (77) (49) (2) ( 93) ( 66) (37.8) ( 0) ( 0) Values below the line are for water. Properties: Viscosity of Various Liquids. Carbon Dioxide...CO₂ 2. Ammonia...NH₃ 3. Methyl Chloride...CH₃CI 4. Sulphur Dioxide...SO₂ 5. Freon 2...F-2 6. Freon 4...F-4 7. Freon...F- 8. Freon 3...F-3 9. Ethyl Alcohol...C₂H₅OH 0. Isopropyl Alcohol...(CH₃)₂ CH₂0. 20% Sulphuric Acid...20% H₂SO₄ 2. Dowtherm E 3. Dowtherm A 4. 20% Sodium Hydroxide...20% NaOH 5. Mercury...Hg 6. 0% Sodium Chloride Brine...0% NaCl 7. 20% Sodium Chloride Brine...20% NaCl 8. 0% Calcium Chloride Brine...0% CaCl₂ 9. 20% Calcium Chloride Brine...20% CaCl₂ Example: The viscosity of ammonia at 40 F is 0.4 centipoise. µ Viscosity in Centipoise t Temperature in Degrees Fahrenheit

43 Properties: Viscosity of Liquid Petroleum Products Ethane (C₂H₆) 2. Propane (C₃H₈) 3. Butane (C₄H₁₀) Natural Gasoline 5. Gasoline 6. Water 7. Kerosene Distillate Deg. API Crude Deg. API Crude Deg. API Crude Deg. API Crude µ Viscosity in Centipoise Salt Creek Crude 4. Fuel 3 (Max.) 5. Fuel 5 (Min.) 6. SAE 0 Lube (00 V.I.) 7. SAE 30 Lube (00 V.I.) 8. Fuel 5 (Max.) or Fuel 6 (Min.) 9. SAE 70 Lube (00 V.I.) 20. Bunker C Fuel (Max.) and M.C. Residuum 2. Asphalt t Temperature in Degrees Fahrenheit Example: The viscosity of water at 25 F is 0.52 centipoise (Curve No. 6). Note: Consult factory whenever viscosity of fluid exceeds 300 centipoise.

44 Pipe Data: Dimensions of Blind Flanges "O.D" "B.C" "D" "T" NOTE: Pressure ratings shown for forged steel flanges apply to all ASA/ANSI standard flanges. Nominal Pipe Size Outside Dia. of Flange O.D Cast Iron 25# Thickness T Dia. of Bolt Circle BC No. of Holes Dia. of Bolt Holes D " 4¹ ₄" ⁷ ₁₆" 3¹ ₈" 4 ⁵ ₈" ¹ ₂" 5" ⁹ ₁₆" 3⁷ ₈" 4 ⁵ ₈" 2" 6" ⁵ ₈" 4³ ₄" 4 ³ ₄" 2¹ ₂" 7" ¹¹ ₁₆" 5¹ ₂" 4 ³ ₄" 3" 7¹ ₂" ³ ₄" 6" 4 ³ ₄" 3¹ ₂" 8¹ ₂" ¹³ ₁₆" 7" 8 ³ ₄" 4" 9" ¹⁵ ₁₆" 7¹ ₂" 8 ³ ₄" 5" 0" ¹⁵ ₁₆" 8¹ ₂" 8 ⁷ ₈" 6" " " 9¹ ₂" 8 ⁷ ₈" 8" 3¹ ₂" ¹ ₈" ³ ₄" 8 ⁷ ₈" Nominal Pipe Size Outside Dia. of Flange O.D Cast Iron 250# Thickness T Dia. of Bolt Circle BC No. of Holes Dia. of Bolt Holes D " 4⁷ ₈" ¹¹ ₁₆" 3¹ ₂" 4 ³ ₄" ¹ ₂" 6¹ ₈" ¹³ ₁₆" 4¹ ₂" 4 ⁷ ₈" 2" 6¹ ₂" ⁷ ₈" 5" 8 ³ ₄" 2¹ ₂" 7¹ ₂" " 5⁷ ₈" 8 ⁷ ₈" 3" 8¹ ₄" ¹ ₈" 6⁵ ₈" 8 ⁷ ₈" 3¹ ₂" 9" ³ ₁₆" 7¹ ₄" 8 ⁷ ₈" 4" 0" ¹ ₄" 7⁷ ₈" 8 ⁷ ₈" 5" " ³ ₈" 9¹ ₄" 8 ⁷ ₈" 6" 2¹ ₂" ⁷ ₁₆" 0⁵ ₈" 2 ⁷ ₈" 8" 5" ⁵ ₈" 3" 2 " Nominal Pipe Size Outside Dia. of Flange O.D. Forged Steel 50# Thickness T Dia. of Bolt Circle BC No. of Holes Dia. of Bolt Holes D ¹ ₂" 3¹ ₂" ⁷ ₁₆" 2³ ₈" 4 ⁵ ₈" ³ ₄" 3⁷ ₈" ¹ ₂" 2³ ₄" 4 ⁵ ₈" " 4¹ ₄" ⁹ ₁₆" 3¹ ₈" 4 ⁵ ₈" ¹ ₂" 5" ¹¹ ₁₆" 3⁷ ₈" 4 ⁵ ₈" 2" 6" ³ ₄" 4³ ₄" 4 ³ ₄" 2¹ ₂" 7" ⁷ ₈" 5¹ ₂" 4 ³ ₄" 3" 7¹ ₂" ¹⁵ ₁₆" 6" 4 ³ ₄" 3¹ ₂" 8¹ ₂" ¹⁵ ₁₆" 7" 8 ³ ₄" 4" 9" ¹⁵ ₁₆" 7¹ ₂" 8 ³ ₄" 5" 0" ¹⁵ ₁₆" 8¹ ₂" 8 ⁷ ₈" 6" " " 9¹ ₂" 8 ⁷ ₈" 8" 3¹ ₂" ¹ ₈" ³ ₄" 8 ⁷ ₈" Nominal Pipe Size Outside Dia. of Flange O.D. Forged Steel 300# Thickness T Dia. of Bolt Circle BC No. of Holes Dia. of Bolt Holes D ¹ ₂" 3³ ₄" ⁹ ₁₆" 2⁵ ₈" 4 ⁵ ₈" ³ ₄" 4⁵ ₈" ⁵ ₈" 3¹ ₄" 4 ³ ₄" " 4⁷ ₈" ¹¹ ₁₆" 3¹ ₂" 4 ³ ₄" ¹ ₂" 6¹ ₈" ¹³ ₁₆" 4¹ ₂" 4 ⁷ ₈" 2" 6¹ ₂" ⁷ ₈" 5" 8 ³ ₄" 2¹ ₂" 7¹ ₂" " 5⁷ ₈" 8 ⁷ ₈" 3" 8¹ ₄" ¹ ₈" 6⁵ ₈" 8 ⁷ ₈" 3¹ ₂" 9" ³ ₁₆" 7¹ ₄" 8 ⁷ ₈" 4" 0" ¹ ₄" 7⁷ ₈" 8 ⁷ ₈" 5" " ³ ₈" 9¹ ₄" 8 ⁷ ₈" 6" 2¹ ₂" ⁷ ₁₆" 0⁵ ₈" 2 ⁷ ₈" 8" 5" ⁵ ₈" 3" 2 " Nominal Pipe Size Outside Dia. of Flange O.D. Forged Steel 600# Thickness T Dia. of Bolt Circle BC No. of Holes Dia. of Bolt Holes D ¹ ₂" 3³ ₄" ⁹ ₁₆" 2⁵ ₈" 4 ⁵ ₈" ³ ₄" 4⁵ ₈" ⁵ ₈" 3¹ ₄" 4 ³ ₄" " 4⁷ ₈" ¹¹ ₁₆" 3¹ ₂" 4 ³ ₄" ¹ ₂" 6¹ ₈" ⁷ ₈" 4¹ ₂" 4 ⁷ ₈" 2" 6¹ ₂" " 5" 8 ³ ₄" 2¹ ₂" 7¹ ₂" ¹ ₈" 5⁷ ₈" 8 ⁷ ₈" 3" 8¹ ₄" ¹ ₄" 6⁵ ₈" 8 ⁷ ₈" 3¹ ₂" 9" ³ ₁₆" 7¹ ₄" 8 " 4" 0³ ₄" ¹ ₂" 8¹ ₂" 8 " 5" 3" ³ ₄" 0¹ ₂" 8 ¹ ₈" 6" 4" ⁷ ₈" ¹ ₂" 2 ¹ ₈" "T" "T" 50# & 300# 600# & above

45 Pipe Data: Dimensions of Blind Flanges Nominal Pipe Size Outside Dia. of Flange O.D. Forged Steel 900# Thickness T Dia. of Bolt Circle BC No. of Holes Dia. of Bolt Holes D ¹ ₂" 4³ ₄" ⁷ ₈" 3¹ ₄" 4 ⁷ ₈" ³ ₄" 5¹ ₈" " 3¹ ₂" 4 ⁷ ₈" " 5⁷ ₈" ¹ ₈" 4" 4 " ¹ ₂" 7" ¹ ₄" 4⁷ ₈" 4 ¹ ₈" 2" 8¹ ₂" ¹ ₂" 6¹ ₂" 8 " 2¹ ₂" 9⁵ ₈" ⁵ ₈" 7¹ ₂" 8 ¹ ₈" 3" 9¹ ₂" ¹ ₂" 7¹ ₂" 8 " 4" ¹ ₂" ³ ₄" 9¹ ₄" 8 ¹ ₄" 5" 3³ ₄" 2" " 8 ³ ₈" 6" 5" 2³ ₁₆" 2¹ ₂" 2 ¹ ₄" 8" 8¹ ₂" 2¹ ₂" 5¹ ₂" 2 ¹ ₂" Nominal Pipe Size Outside Dia. of Flange O.D. Forged Steel 2500# Thickness T Dia. of Bolt Circle BC No. of Holes Dia. of Bolt Holes D ¹ ₂" 5¹ ₄" ³ ₁₆" 3¹ ₂" 4 ⁷ ₈" ³ ₄" 5¹ ₂" ¹ ₄" 3³ ₄" 4 ⁷ ₈" " 6¹ ₄" ³ ₈" 4¹ ₄" 4 " ¹ ₂" 8" ³ ₄" 5³ ₄" 4 ¹ ₄" 2" 9¹ ₄" 2" 6³ ₄" 8 ¹ ₈" 2¹ ₂" 0¹ ₂" 2¹ ₄" 7³ ₄" 8 ¹ ₄" 3" 2" 2⁵ ₈" 9" 8 ³ ₈" 4" 4" 3" 0³ ₄" 8 ⁵ ₈" 5" 6¹ ₂" 3⁵ ₈" 2³ ₄" 8 ⁷ ₈" 6" 9" 4¹ ₄" 4¹ ₂" 8 2¹ ₈" 8" 2³ ₄" 5 7¹ ₄" 2 2¹ ₈" Nominal Pipe Size Outside Dia. of Flange O.D. Forged Steel 500# Thickness T Dia. of Bolt Circle BC No. of Holes Dia. of Bolt Holes D ¹ ₂" 4³ ₄" ⁷ ₈" 3¹ ₄" 4 ⁷ ₈" ³ ₄" 5¹ ₈" " 3¹ ₂" 4 ⁷ ₈" " 5⁷ ₈" ¹ ₈" 4" 4 " ¹ ₂" 7" ¹ ₄" 4⁷ ₈" 4 ¹ ₈" 2" 8¹ ₂" ¹ ₂" 6¹ ₂" 8 " 2¹ ₂" 9⁵ ₈" ⁵ ₈" 7¹ ₂" 8 ¹ ₈" 3" 0¹ ₂" ⁷ ₈" 8" 8 ¹ ₄" 4" 2¹ ₄" 2¹ ₈" 9¹ ₂" 8 ³ ₈" 5" 4³ ₄" 2⁷ ₈" ¹ ₂" 8 ⁵ ₈" 6" 5¹ ₂" 3¹ ₄ 2¹ ₂" 2 ¹ ₂" 8" 9" 3⁵ ₈" 5¹ ₂" 2 ³ ₄" "T".06 "T".25 50# & 300# 600# & above Pipe Data: Flange Ratings Flanges DIN versus ANSI Pressure Rating ANSI DIN ANSI Sizes 25 lbs. PN 6 / PN 0 " DN lbs. PN 6 ¹ ₂" DN lbs. PN 25 / PN 40 2" DN lbs. PN 64 2¹ ₂" DN lbs. PN 00 3" DN lbs. PN 50 4" DN lbs. PN 250 5" DN lbs. PN 320 / PN 400 6" DN 50 DIN Type Flat Face = Form B flange Raised Face = Form C flange (Form E is smoother facing finish) Ring Joint Flange = Only for ANSI flanges A DIN flange is never identical to an ANSI flange; the table at left is a guideline to find the most equivalent ANSI/DIN flange. DIN increments differ from country to country, the table refers to the German DIN standard. Class 50 pressure-temperature ratings (pressure-psig) Temp. F 304 SS 304L or 36L SS 36 SS 36SS 36/ 36L SS Dual Grade 32 SS 347/ 348 SS A05 Carbon Steel Carp. 20SS Grade F C- 2 Mo Materials Grade F 4 Cr- 2 Mo Grade F Cr- Mo Grade F9 9 Cr- Mo-V Hast. B2 Hast. C & Inconel Incoloy Inconel 625 & Incoloy to to Monel 400 & 405 Nickel 200 Temp. F.

46 Pipe Data: Flange Ratings (cont.) Class 300 pressure-temperature ratings (pressure-psig) Materials Temp. F 304 SS 304L or 36L SS 30 SS 36SS 36/ 36L SS Dual Grade 32 SS 347/ 348 SS A05 Carbon Steel Carp. 20SS Grade F C- 2 Mo Grade F 4 Cr- 2 Mo Grade F Cr- Mo Grade F9 9 Cr- Mo-V Hast. B2 Hast. C & Inconel Incoloy Inconel 625 & Incoloy Monel 400 & 405 Nickel 200 Temp. F. -20 to to Class 600 pressure-temperature ratings (pressure-psig) Materials Temp. F 304 SS 304L or 36L SS 30 SS 36SS 36/ 36L SS Dual Grade 32 SS 347/ 348 SS A05 Carbon Steel Carp. 20SS Grade F C- 2 Mo Grade F 4 Cr- 2 Mo Grade F Cr- Mo Grade F9 9 Cr- Mo-V Hast. B2 Hast. C & Inconel Incoloy Inconel 625 & Incoloy Monel 400 & 405 Nickel 200 Temp. F. -20 to to

47 Pipe Data: Flange Ratings (cont.) Class 900 pressure-temperature ratings (pressure-psig) Materials Temp. F 304 SS 304L or 36L SS 30 SS 36SS 36/ 36L SS Dual Grade 32 SS 347/ 348 SS A05 Carbon Steel Carp. 20SS Grade F C- 2 Mo Grade F 4 Cr- 2 Mo Grade F Cr- Mo Grade F9 9 Cr- Mo-V Hast. B2 Hast. C & Inconel Incoloy Inconel 625 & Incoloy Monel 400 & 405 Nickel 200 Temp. F. -20 to to Class 500 pressure-temperature ratings (pressure-psig) Materials Temp. F 304 SS 304L or 36L SS 30 SS 36SS 36/ 36L SS Dual Grade 32 SS 347/ 348 SS A05 Carbon Steel Carp. 20SS Grade F C- 2 Mo Grade F 4 Cr- 2 Mo Grade F Cr- Mo Grade F9 9 Cr- Mo-V Hast. B2 Hast. C & Inconel Incoloy Inconel 625 & Incoloy Monel 400 & 405 Nickel 200 Temp. F. -20 to to

48 Pipe Data: Flange Ratings (cont.) Class 2500 pressure-temperature ratings (pressure-psig) Temp. F 304 SS 304L or 36L SS 30 SS 36SS 36/ 36L SS Dual Grade 32 SS 347/ 348 SS A05 Carbon Steel Carp. 20SS Grade F C- 2 Mo Materials Grade F 4 Cr- 2 Mo Grade F Cr- Mo Grade F9 9 Cr- Mo-V Hast. B2 Hast. C & Inconel Incoloy Inconel 625 & Incoloy to to Monel 400 & 405 Nickel 200 Temp. F. ANSI Flange Bolting Dimensions for Stud Bolts (inches) Nominal Pipe Size 2" 3 4" " 4" 2" 2" 2 2" 3 3 2" 4" 5" 6" 8" ANSI Pressure Class Flange 50# 300# 600# 900# 500# 2500# Face Diam. Length Diam Length Diam Length Diam Length Diam Length Diam Length RF " " " " " " RTJ RF " " " " " " RTJ RF " " " " " " RTJ RF " " " " " RTJ RF " " " 8" RTJ RF " " " " " RTJ RF " " " 8" RTJ RF " " " " 8" 4 " RTJ RF " " " RTJ RF " " " 8" 4" 2 " RTJ RF " " 4 " 2" 3 4" RTJ RF " " 8" 3 8" 2 RTJ RF " " 8" 3 8" 5 8" 2 RTJ *3MHP Type torqued to 20 ft. ib. with Buna-N gasket Service Ratings of Tri-Clamp Connections Pressure Rating (PSI) TEMP ( F) "/.5" 2" 2.5" 3" 4" 5" N/A N/A 450 N/A

49 Pipe Data: Plastic Flange Ratings Temperature Material ( F) PVC CPVC PVDF (Kynar ) PTFE (Teflon ) Fiberglass ( to 3 ) Fiberglass (4 ) Pipe Data: Cast Iron Pipe Cast Iron Pipe ASA Standard Pipe Size Pipe O.D. Class PSIG WALL I.D. Class PSIG WALL I.D. Class PSIG WALL I.D. Class PSIG WALL I.D. Class PSIG WALL I.D. Class PSIG WALL I.D. Class PSIG WALL I.D Cast Iron Pipe AWWA Standard Pipe Size Class A 00 Ft. 43 PSIG O.D. WALL I.D. Class B 200 Ft. 86 PSIG O.D. WALL I.D. Class C 300 Ft. 30 PSIG O.D. WALL I.D. Class D 400 Ft. 73 PSIG O.D. WALL I.D Pipe Size Class E 500 Ft. 27 PSIG O.D. WALL I.D. Class F 600 Ft. 260 PSIG O.D. WALL I.D. Class G 700 Ft. 304 PSIG O.D. WALL I.D. Class H 800 Ft. 347 PSIG O.D. WALL I.D

50 Pipe Data: Steel Pipe Nominal Pipe Size, in. Outside Diameter, in. Schedule No. Wall Thickness, in. Inside Diameter, in. Cross-sectional Area Metal, in 2 Flow, ft 2 Circumference, ft., or surface, ft 2 /ft of length Outside Inside Capacity at -ft/s velocity U.S. gal/ lb/h water min Weight of plain-end pipe, lb/ft ¹ ₈ S ST, 40S XS, 80S ¹ ₄ S ST, 40S XS, 80S ³ ₈ S ST, 40S XS, 80S ¹ ₂ S S ST, 40S XS, 80S XX ³ ₄.050 5S S ST, 40S XS, 80S XX S S ST, 40S XS, 80S XX ¹ ₄.660 5S S ST, 40S XS, 80S XX ¹ ₂.900 5S S ST, 40S XS, 80S XX S S ST, 40S ST, 80S XX ¹ ₂ S S ST, 40S XS, 80S XX S , S , ST, 40S , XS, 80S , XX ¹ ₂ 4.0 5S , S , ST, 40S , XS, 80S , S , S , ST, 40S , XS, 80S , , , XX ,

51 Pipe Data: Steel Pipe (cont.) Nominal Pipe Size, in. Outside Diameter, in. Schedule No. Wall Thickness, in. Inside Diameter, in. Cross-sectional Area Metal, in 2 Flow, ft 2 Circumference, ft., or surface, ft 2 /ft of length Outside Inside Capacity at -ft/s velocity U.S. gal/ lb/h water min Weight of plain-end pipe, lb/ft S , S , ST, 40S , SX, 80S , , , XX , S , S , ST, 40S , XS, 80S , , , XX , S , S , , , ST, 40S , , XS, 80S , , , , XX , , S , S , , , ST, 40S , S, 60XS , , , , , XX , , S , S , , , ST, 40S , , XS, 80S , , , , , XX , , , S , S , , , , ST , , XS , , , , , , , S , S , , , , ST , , XS , ,

52 Pipe Data: Steel Pipe (cont.) Nominal Pipe Size, in. Outside Diameter, in. Schedule No. Wall Thickness, in. Inside Diameter, in. Cross-sectional Area Metal, in 2 Flow, ft 2 Circumference, ft., or surface, ft 2 /ft of length Outside Inside Capacity at -ft/s velocity U.S. gal/ lb/h water min Weight of plain-end pipe, lb/ft , , , , , S , S , , , ST , , XS , , , , , , , , S , S , , , ST , , XS , , , , , , , , S , , 0S , , ST , XS , , , , , , , , , S ,065, , 0S ,055, ST ,048, , XS ,027, ,00, S, 0S, and 40S are extracted from Stainless Steel Pipe, ANSI B , the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, New York. ST = standard wall, XS = extra strong wall, XX = double extra strong wall, and Schedules 0 through 60 are extracted from Wrought-Steel and Wrought-Iron Pipe, ANSI B Decimal thicknesses for respective pipe sizes represent their nominal or average wall dimensions. Mill tolerances as high as ± 2¹ ₂ percent are permitted.

53

54

55

56

57

58 Types of Piping Connections In industrial plants, flange connections are the preferred solution. The reasons are easy assembling and disassembling of the valves as wellashighreliabilityandtightnessofthemilledsealingsurfaces. The US standard for flanges is ANSI/ASME B 6. for Class 25, and for higher nominal pressure ratings ANSI/ASME B 6.5. The standard version for valves of Class 25 made of cast iron is manufactured without sealing face (FF-flat face). Valves of Class 300 have a sealing face RF 0.06 (raised face with 0.06 height), with higher nominal pressure ratings the valves have a sealing face RF Flange face finish for RF is standard R a inch ( m). Face-to-face and End-to-end Dimensions For control valves according to US standards, the face-to-face dimensions of are specified in ANSI/ISA-S75.03,.04,.08,.2,.5,.6, and.22. For other valve types, the ASME/ANSI B6.0 applies.the face-to-face dimensions of metric globe valves and face-to-center dimensions of angle valves are specified in DIN Part includes the dimensions for the flange connections (row F for PN 0 to 40, row F 2 for PN 63 to 60 and row F 3 for PN 250 and 320). A survey of DIN flanges is provided in DIN Whereas the connecting dimensions are specified in DIN 250, and the types of the possible sealing faces in DIN For control valves according to DIN standards, the weld-on fittings are designed according to DIN 3239 T with edge forms according to DIN 2559 T. For control valves according to US standards, the weld-on fittings are specified in ASME/ANSI B L Raised Face or DIN Type C Raised Face or DIN Type C Ring Joint Face Tongue or DIN Type F Male or DIN Type V Butt welding end L Groove or DIN Type N Female or DIN Type R Flange types Socket welding end L L L Raised Face Angle pattern

59 Face-to-face and end-to-end dimensions for globe control valves according to ISA and IEC Dimensions in inches ISA dimension L inches Flanged ) Nominal valve size Class 50 inches mm (PN 20), Class 25 Class 300 (PN 50), Class 250 Short Pattern Class 50, 300, 600 (Grp PN 20,50,00) Socket weld 2) Butt weld 3) ½ ¾ ½ ½ FF Flat Face RF Raised Face SWE Socket welding ends BWE Butt welding ends ) ISA-S75.03 and IEC , Table I 2) ISA-S75.2 3) ISA-S75.5 and IEC Face-to-face and end-to-end dimensions for globe control valves according to ISA and IEC Dimensions in inches ISA dimension L inches Flanged ) Nominal valve size Class 600 inches mm (PN 00) Long Pattern Class 50, 300, 600 (Group 2 PN 20, 50, 00) Socket weld 2) Butt weld 3) ½ ¾ ½ ½ RF Raised Face SWE Socket welding ends BWE Butt welding ends ) ISA-S75.03 and IEC , Table I 2) ISA-S75.2 3) ISA-S75.5 and IEC Face-to-centerline dimensions for flanged globe-style angle control valves Dimension L in inches Nominal valve size Class 50 Class 300 Class 600 inches mm (ISO PN 20) (ISO PN 50) (ISO PN 00) ½ 5 ¾ ½ ½ According to ISA-S75.22 End-to-end dimensions for globe control valves with ring joint facings Dimensions in inches Nominal valve size Class 50 Class 300 Class 600 inches mm (ISO PN 20) (ISO PN 50) (ISO PN 00) ½ ¾ ½ ½ According to ISA-S75.03 and ASME B6.0

60 Face-to-face and end-to-end dimensions for globe control valves according to ISA and IEC Dimensions in mm Face-to-face and end-to-end dimensions for globe control valves according to ISA and IEC Dimensions in mm ISA dimension L mm Flanged ) Nominal valve size Class 50 inches mm (PN 20), Class 25 Class 300 (PN 50), Class 250 Short Pattern Class 50, 300, 600 (Grp PN 20,50,00) Socket weld 2) Butt weld 3) ½ ¾ ½ ½ FF Flat Face RF Raised Face SWE Socket welding ends BWE Butt welding ends ) ISA-S75.03 and IEC , Table I 2) ISA-S75.2 3) ISA-S75.5 and IEC ISA dimension L mm Flanged ) Long Pattern Class 50, 300, 600 (Group 2 PN 20, 50, 00) Nominal valve size Class 600 Socket inches mm (PN 00) weld 2) Butt weld 3) ½ ¾ ½ ½ RF Raised Face SWE Socket welding ends BWE Butt welding ends ) ISA-S75.03 and IEC , Table I 2) ISA-S75.2 3) ISA-S75.5 and IEC Face-to-centerline dimensions for flanged globe-style angle control valves Dimension L in mm Nominal valve size Class 50 Class 300 Class 600 inches mm (ISO PN 20) (ISO PN 50) (ISO PN 00) ½ 5 ¾ ½ ½ According to ISA-S75.22 End-to-end dimensions for globe control valves with ring joint facings Dimensions in millimeters Nominal valve size Class 50 Class 300 Class 600 inches mm (ISO PN 20) (ISO PN 50) (ISO PN 00) ½ =97 90+= =20 ¾ = = = = = =20 ½ = = = = = =289 2½ = = = =3 38+6= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = According to ISA-S75.03 and ASME B6.0

61 Valve-specific Parameters Flow coefficients C V value The necessary C V value is calculated according to ISA-S75.0 or EN using the specified operating data. The valve C V00 value corresponds to the C V value for the nominal travel height H 00. In order to increase control accuracy and with regard to the manufacturing tolerances, the C V or value chosen is to be higher than the C V value calculated. K V value The K V value is the alternative flow coefficient as defined by EN The conversion is C V.7 K V. Inherent characteristic The characteristic represents the C V value s dependenceonthe travel height (H). Control valves are provided either with an equal percentage (2) or with a linear () characteristic.the equal percentage characteristic means that equal changes in travel result in equal percentage changes of the C V value in question. The linear characteristic means that equal changes in travel are followed by equal changes of the C V value. Rangeability The rangeability is C V multiplied by C V calc.forthiscalculation, the C V calc value represents the smallest C V value with which the characteristic lies still within the permissible gradient tolerance of the characteristic (ISA-S75. and EN Part 2-4). C v00 K v [%] linear 20 y [%] C v0 2 equal percentage Travel [%] Cavitation parameters With liquids, the lowest pressure level within the control valve occurs at a location just downstream of the throttling area, called the vena contracta. If the absolute pressure at the vena contracta p vc,isreducedduringthethrottlingprocesstoalevelatorbelow the vapor pressure of the process medium p v,aportionofthefluid starts to vaporize, forming bubbles within the flow stream. Downstream of the vena contracta, the pressure level recovers back to a level above the vapor pressure, and the vapor bubbles collapse (implode) back to a liquid state, with a rapid transformation of energy which causes shock waves. The presence of cavitation can bedetectedbyasharpincreaseinthesoundlevelduetotheshock waves caused by the implosion of the vapor bubbles. Incipient cavitation The pressure drop can be expressed in the form of a ratio, X F, which is defined as: p p2 X F. p pv The pressure drop at which cavitation begins (z or X FZ ), is similarly defined: p p2z z XFZ. p pv Z is dependent on the trim size and the relative opening, y,andis often expressed as z y. If the pressure drop is greater than or equal to the pressure drop at which cavitation begins, i.e. If X F z Incipient cavitation If X F z No cavitation Incipient cavitation is considered to be insufficient to cause significant erosion of the valve internals. Cavitation Index The cavitation index K c,definedbythenrc(u.s.nuclearregulatory Commission) standard CR-603. It is the point at which it is possible to measure a deviation of the actual flow rate from the theoretical linearly increasing in flow rate predicted by the C V equation, with increasing pressure drop p. Thisdeviationis caused by the increasing presence of vapor bubbles, which reduces the overall flow rate. From experimental measurements with SAMSON globe valves: K C F 3 L F L and K C values for Series 3240 are provided in Table 8. If XF K C, Significant cavitation For water, with low pressure drops (less than 50 psig / 0 barg), standard trim materials are normally acceptable. With moderate pressures drops (above 50 psi or 0 bar) hardened trim with Stellite or with very significant drops, special hard chrome steels are recommended.

62 Valve Sizing Calculation of the C v value The C v value is calculated according to ISA-S75.0 and DIN IEC EN The Technical Data Sheets provide the necessary device-specific data. A simplified manual calculation may be made with the help of the equations given below. They do not take into account the influence of the connecting fittings or the effects under non-turbulent (laminar or transitional) flow conditions. p H 00 p 2 H 0 T q w p Upstream pressure in psi(a), bar(a) p 2 Downstream pressure in psi(a), bar(a) H Travel (height) in inches, mm q Volumetric flow rate in gpm or m 3 /h w Mass flow rate in lb/h or kg/h G f Specific gravity (liquid) Gg Specific gravity (gas, vapor) Upstream density in lb m/ft 3 or kg/m 3 T Upstream temperature in R ork Incompressible fluids (liquids) Pressure drop Equations for p vc determination Subcritical 2 p F ( p p ) p F p L vc vc F v p 2 Critical (choked) v F F p p F ( p p ) c C L vc C V V Flow coefficient equation, with given units... gpm, psi(a) lb/h, psi(a), lb m/ft 3 m 3 /h, bar(a) kg/h, bar(a), kg/m 3 q q F max L G f p p 2 G f p p vc w C V. ( p p ) C V w max 633. F ( p pvc) L C C V V q G f p p2 q max G f F p p L vc w C V. ( p p ) C V w max 273. F ( p pvc) L Compressible fluids (gases, vapors) Pressure drop Subcritical x F x T Critical (choked) x F x T Equations for x, F k, Y, determination p x p F 4. x Y 3 Fx T Flow coefficient equation, with given units... Std ft 3 /h (scfh), psi(a), R lb/h, psi(a), lb m/ft 3 m 3 /h, bar(a), K kg/h, bar(a), kg/m 3 C V C q Gg TZ 360 py x V q max 907p Gg TZ Fx k T w C V Y xp C V w max 422. Fxp k T C V C V q Gg TZ 47 py x q max 278p Gg TZ Fx k T w C V Y xp C V w max 82. Fxp k T Notes regarding the above equations: For exact results with valves with attached fittings (pipe reductions, elbows, etc.), the Piping geometry factor (F P)maybeapplied(CV CV / FP). For non-turbulent flow (laminar and transitional), the Reynolds number factor (F R)maybeapplied(CV CV / FR). Refer to the ISA standard for determination and application of these two factors. Symbols used: p (psi, bar) Absolute pressure p abs (inlet) p 2 (psi, bar) Absolute pressure p abs (outlet) p (psi, bar) Differential pressure (p p 2) T ( R, K) Absolute temperature (inlet) R= F , K= C q (gpm, m 3 /h) Volumetric flow rate (liquids) q (scfh, nm 3 /h) Volumetric flow rate (gases) at 4.73 psi(a) and 60 F or.03 bar(a) and 5 C 5.6 C G f Specific gravity (liquids) ( H O )at60 F, G g 2 Specific gravity (gases) ( air )at60 F, 5.6 C (lb m/ft 3,kg/m 3 )Density(liquids) (lb m/ft 3,kg/m 3 Density (gases) 4.73 psi(a), 60 F, 5 C,.03 bar(a) p v (psia, bara) Absolute vapor pressure of liquid (inlet temperature) p c (psia, bara) Absolute critical pressure p vc (psia, bara) Absolute pressure at the vena contracta (kappa) Ratio of specific heats, dimensionless Z Compressibility factor, dimensionless

63 Materials according to ASTM and DIN The body materials mainly used and their temperature limits are listed in the following Table. The application limits of selected materials are included in the associated pressure-temperature table. Materials Material Casting Forging Temperature range Identification Standard Grade Identification Standard Grade [ F] [ C] Materials according to ASTM Gray iron Cast iron ASTM A 26 Class B Ductile iron Ductile iron ASTM A Aluminum Bronze UNS C95200 ASTM B 48 9A Carbon steel WCB ASTM A 26 WCB ASTM A Carbon steel, low temp. LCB ASTM A 352 LCB ASTM A 350 LF Carbon steel, low temp. 3½ Ni ASTM A 352 LC3 ASTM A 350 LF Carbon steel, high temp Chrome Moly ASTM A 27 WC6 UNS K564 ASTM A 82 F Carbon steel, high temp Chrome Moly ASTM A 27 WC9 UNS K2590 ASTM A 82 F Stainless steel 8Cr-8Ni Type 304 ASTM A 35 CF8 UNS S30400 ASTM A 82 F Stainless steel Type 36 ASTM A 35 CF8M UNS S3600 ASTM A 82 F Stainless steel Type 36 L ASTM A 35 CF3M UNS S3603 ASTM A 82 F 36 L Alloy 400 Ni-Cu ASTM A 494 M35- UNS N04400 ASTM A Alloy C-4 Ni-Mo-Cr ASTM A 494 CW2M UNS N06455 ASTM A 574 C Comparable materials according to DIN Gray cast iron GG-25 DIN Spheroidal graphite iron GGG-40.3 DIN Cast steel GS-C25 DIN C 22.8 DIN Cast steel, low temp. GS-2 Mn 5 SEW TStE 355 SEW Cast steel, high temp. GS-7CrMo 5 5 DIN CrMo Cast steel, high temp. GS-7CrMo V 5 DIN Stainless steel G-X6CrNi 8 9 DIN X5CrNi Stainless steel (cast) G-X5CrNiMoNb8 0 DIN Stainless steel (forged) Stainless steel (forged) X6 CrNiMoTi X2 CrNiMo DIN DIN Alloy 400 NiCu30Fe DIN Alloy C4-C NiMo6Cr6Ti DIN

64 Permissible pressure dependent upon the temperature Iron and Bronze acc. to ANSI B6., B6.4, B6.5, B6.24 Body material Class Temperature ( F) and perm. operating pressure (psi) Threaded (NPT) A 26 Cl.B (NPT) (75) 75 (70) 65 (58) 50 (45) 40 (33) B F (400) 400 (385) 370 (355) 340 (325) 30 (305) 300 (297) (275) B 62 Bronze (NPT) (200) 200 (95) 90 (85) 80 (73) 65 (58) 50 (49) (38) 25 B F (400) 400 (393) 385 (375) 365 (350) 335 (38) 300 (297) (275) 250 Flat face flanged (FF) A 26 Cl.B (FF) (200) 200 (95) (50) (4) B F (500) 500 (480) (337) (295) B 62 Bronze (FF) (225) (73 65 (64) (58) (52) B F (500) (390) 350 (348) (333) (35) (3) (298) 280 Permissible pressure dependent upon the temperature Steels according to ANSI B6.34 Standard Class Body material A 26 WCB F A 05 forged F A 352 LCB F A 27 WC F A 27 WC F A 35 CF F 2) A 35 CF8M F 2) A 35 CF3M F Class Temperature ( F) and perm. operating pressure (psi) A 82 F 36 forged F 2) Values in parentheses are interpolated values. Some valve types may have lower limits based on the design. Consult the manufacturer for the respective model. ) For welding end valves only. Flanged end valves terminate at 000 F. 2) For temperatures above 000 F, use only when carbon is 0.04% or higher. For temperature values above 00 F, consult the ANSI standard.

65 Specification Form for Controls Valves According to ISA Form S20.50, Rev. Project Data Sheet of Unit Date P.O. Spec Item Tag Contract Dwg Mfr Serial* Service Fluid Crit Press Pc Units Max Flow Norm Flow Min Flow Shut-Off 2 Flow Rate 3 Inlet Pressure 4 Outlet Pressure 5 Inlet Temperature 6 Density/Spec Grav/Mol Wt 7 Viscosity/Spec Heat Ratio 8 Vapor Pressure Pv 9 * Required Cv 0 * Travel % 0 Allowable/*Predicted SPL db(a) 2 SERVICE CONDITIONS 3 Pipe Line Size In 53 * Type 4 & Schedule Out 54 * Mfr & Model 5 Pipeline Insulation 55 * Size Eff Area 56 On/Off Modulating 6 * Type 57 Spring Action Open/Close 7 * Size ANSI Class 58 * Max Allowable Pressure 8 Max Press/Temp 59 * Min Required Pressure 9 * Mfr & Model 60 Available Instr. Air Max 20 * Body/Bonnet Matl 6 Supply Pressure Min 2 * Liner Matl/ID 62 * Bench Range 22 End In 63 Act Orientation 23 Connection Out 64 Handwheel Type 24 Flg Face Finish 65 Air Fails Valve Set at 25 End Ext/Matl * Flow Direction 67 Input signal 27 * Type of Bonnet 28 Lub & Iso Valve Lube 68 * Type 29 * Packing Material 69 * Mfr & Model 30 * Packing Type 70 * On Increasing Signal Output Incr/Decr 3 7 Gauges Bypass 72 * Cam Characteristic 32 *Type * Size Rated Travel 34 *Characteristic 74 Type Quantity 35 *Balanced/Unbalanced 75 * Mfr & Model 36 * Rated Cv FL XT 76 Contacts/Rating 37 *Plug/Ball/Disk Material 77 Actuation Points 38 * Seat Material *Cage/Guide Material 40 * Stem Material 79 * Mfr & Model 4 80 * Set Pressure 42 8 Filter Gauges NEC Class Group Div * Hydrostatic Pressure ANSI/FCI Leakage Class Rev Date Revision Orig * Information supplied by manufacturer unless already specified. LINE VALVE BODY / BONNET TRIM SPECIALS / ACCESSORIES ACTUATOR POSITIONER SWITCHES TESTS AIRSET App