QHSAS APPROVED COMPANY APPROVED COMPANY APPROVED COMPANY. ISO 9001 Quality Management Systems. ISO Environmental Management Systems

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1 APPROVED COMPANY ISO 9001 Quality Management Systems APPROVED COMPANY QHSAS ISO 1001 Environmental Management Systems APPROVED COMPANY

2 FOREWORD Spell Group started its journey in 19 when two enthusiastic and determined persons met and collaborated. Mr. Chaudhary Muhaad Aslam & Mr. Ali Asghar Malik, from the beginning, knew that this company is going to go places. Alhamdulilah, their untiring efforts, unchanged vision and continuous hard work proved them right. Initially, it was PVC compound they started with. Along the way, working directly with Bata and Servis, their experience grew and they started trading along with manufacturing. A variety of plastics and chemicals were being dealt and a strong emphasize on the iron-handed management was given. Mr. Aslam & Mr. Asghar, from the start, worked on those products which were new to the Pakistan's market. This policy of introducing purposeful and latest products to Pakistan's market has one of the reasons to serve Pakistan and its economy by lowering the burden of imports and saving on gold reserves. We, Chaudhary Muhaad Aslam & Ali Asghar Malik, coit to provide our clients with the quality products and services. May Allah Bless All of Us. Sincerely, Chaudhary Muhaad Aslam Director Ali Asghar Malik CEO

3 QUALITY POLICY It is the policy of Spell Group to produce the fine products of high quality, and on time delivery to meet the custumer s need at competitive prices. This is achieved by using the raw materials of high standard specifications, implementing modern technology, controlled process and appropriate packaging. The top management coits themselves for continuous improvement of the company s quality system, continuous development of its personnel in the fields of technology and research. APPROVED COMPANY ISO 9001 Quality Management Systems APPROVED COMPANY ISO 1001 Environmental Management Systems QHSAS APPROVED COMPANY

4 S. No. Contents Page BS 00 PVC - Insulated Cable (Non-Armoured For Electric Power and Lighting Single Core PVC-Insulated Non Sheathed Cables General Purposes /7 Volts Flexible Conductor Cables Single-Core PVC-Insulated Non-Sheathed Cables /7 Volts PVC-Insulated PVC-Sheathed Cables General Purposes /0 V Single-Core & Circular Twin PVC-Insulated PVC-Sheathed, Light Cable /0 V Conductor Circular Three-Core & Four-Core BS 3 PVC-Insulated Cables For Electricity Supply (Unarmoured & Armoured Cables) Single Core 00/00 V With Circular Stranded Copper or Aluminium Conductors PVC-Insulated 00/00 V Cables With Circular Stranded Copper or Aluminium Conductors Two-Core PVC-Insulated 00/00 V Cables With Circular Stranded Copper or Aluminium Conductors Three-Core PVC-Insulated 00/00 V Cables With Circular Stranded Copper or Aluminium Conductors Four-Core PVC-Insulated 00/00 V Cables With Circular Stranded Copper or Aluminium Conductors Four-Core With Reduced Neutral Conductor Sustained Rating & Associated Voltage Drop of PVC-insulated Power Cables Conductor Resistance Data Rating & Voltage Drop of PVC-Insulated (Armored & Unarmored) single, Twin, Three & Four Core Power Cables With Copper Conductor When Cables Installed in Air Rating & Voltage Drop of PVC-Insulated (Armored & Unarmored) Single, Twin, Three & Four Core Power Cables With Copper Conductor When Cables Installed Direct in Ground Rating & Voltage Drop of PVC-Insulated (Armored & Unarmored) Single, Twin, Three & Four Core Power Cables With Copper Conductor When Cables Run in Single Way Ducts Size Selection Guide Two Core Copper Conductors Size Selection Guide Three and Four Core Copper Conductors Short Circuit Copper Conductor Rating Factors For Cables Installed in Air Rating Factors For Cables Installed in Ground Rating Factor For Depth of Laying Cables Rating Factor For Variation in Thermal Resistivity of Soil Rating & Voltage Drop of PVC-Insulated (Armored & Unarmored) Single, Twin, Three & Four Core Power Cables With Aluminum Conductor When Cables Installed in Air Rating & Voltage Drop of PVC-Insulated (Armored & Unarmored) Single, Twin, Three & Four Core Power Cables With Aluminum Conductor When Cables Installed Direct in Ground Rating & voltage Drop of PVC-Insulated (Armored & Unarmored) Single, Twin, Three & Four Core Power Cables With Aluminum Conductor When Cables Run in Single Way Ducts Size Selection Guide Two Core Aluminum Conductors Size Selection Guide Three and Four Core Aluminum Conductors Short Circuit Aluminum Conductors Useful Information Conversion Factors Tables (Weights and Measurements) Tables (Location Symbols for Installations)

5 BS 00 PVC-Insulated Cables (Non-Armoured) For Electric Power and Lighting 1

6 SINGLE-CORE PVC-INSULATED NON-SHEATHED GENERAL PURPOSES /7 VOLTS PLAIN ANNEALED COPPER CONDUCTOR PVC INSULATED BRITISH STANDARD SPECIFICATION 00 Table cross sectional area of Number and nominal size of wire (s) Radial thickness of insulation Mean overall diameter (upper limit) net weight kg/km Kg 1/ / / / /5.0. 7/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /

7 FLEXIBLE CONDUCTOR SINGLE-CORE PVC-INSULATED NON-SHEATHED /7 V SPECIFICATION: PLAIN ANNEALED COPPER CONDUCTOR PVC INSULATED BRITISH STANDARD SPECIFICATION 00 CLASS-5 Table cross sectional area of number and nominal diameter of wires Radial thickness of insulation Mean overall diameter (upper limit) net weight per 0 meter Kg 30/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / /

8 PVC-INSULATED PVC-SHEATHED CABLE GENERAL PURPOSES /0 V SPECIFICATION: PLAIN ANNEALED COPPER CONDUCTOR BRITISH STANDARD SPECIFICATION 00 SINGLE - CORE Table area number and size of wires Radial thickness of insulation thickness of inner covering Radial thickness of sheath Mean Overall diameter Lower Upper Limit Limit weight of cable kg / km 1/ / / / / / / / / CIRCULAR TWIN (ROUND) PVC-INSULATED, PVC-SHEATHED, LIGHT CABLE, /0 V Table / / / / / / / / / /

9 THREE-CORE 1 area PVC-INSULATED PVC-SHEATHED, LIGHT CABLE /0 V CONDUCTOR CIRCULAR number and size of wires BRITISH STANDARD SPECIFICATION 00 Radial thickness of insulation Table thickness of inner covering Radial of sheath thickness Mean Overall diameter Lower Upper Limit Limit weight of cable kg / km 1/ / / / / / / / / / FOUR-CORE 1 Table / / / / / / / / / /

10 BS 3 PVC-Insulated for Electricity Supply (Unarmoured & Armoured Cables)

11 SINGLE-CORE 00/00 V WITH CIRCULAR STRANDED COPPER OR ALUMINIUM CONDUCTORS BS area of Thickness of insulation diameter overall Unarmoured cable weight kg/0m Armour wire diameter (aluminum wire) cable diameter overall Extruded bedding Armoured Taped bedding cable weight with copper kg/km

12 PVC INSULATED 00/00 V WITH STRANDED COPPER OR ALUMINIUM CONDUCTORS BS 3 TWO - CORE 1 area of Thickness of insulation diameter overall Unarmoured cable weight kg/0m Armour wire diameter cable diameter overall Extruded bedding Armoured Taped bedding cable weight with copper kg/km *Shaped Conductors for 5 and above in multicore cables. PVC-INSULATED 00/00 V WITH OR ALUMINIUM CONDUCTORS BS 3 THREE - CORE COPPER 1 area of Thickness of insulation diameter overall 17. Unarmoured cable weight kg/0m 7 Armour wire diameter cable diameter overall Extruded Taped bedding bedding 0. Armoured 0. cable weight with copper kg/km *Shaped Conductors for 5 and above in multicore cables. 8

13 PVC-INSULATED 00/00 V WITH COPPER OR ALUMINIUM CONDUCTORS BS 3 FOUR - CORE area of area of neutral Thickness of insulation cable diameter overall Unarmoured cable weight Armour wire diameter Unarmoured cable diameter overall Extruded bedding Taped bedding cable weight with copper kg/0m kg/km *Shaped Conductors for 5 and above in multicore cables. 9

14 PVC-INSULATED 00/00 V WITH COPPER OR ALUMINIUM CONDUCTORS BS 3 FOUR-CORE (3.5 Core) with Reduced Neutral Conductor area of area of neutral Thickness of insulation cable diameter overall Unarmoured cable weight Armour wire diameter cable diameter overall Extruded bedding Armoured Taped bedding cable weight with copper kg/0m kg/km *Shaped Conductors for 5 and above in multicore cables.

15 SUSTAINED CURRENT RATING & ASSOCIATED VOLTAGE DROP OF PVC INSULATED POWER 11

16 SUSTAINED CURRENT RATINGS AND VOLTAGE DROP OF PVC INSULATED POWER. (UN-ARMOURED & ARMOURED ERA technology is an independent contract research and development organisation and the cable group is part of ERA technology LIMITED. The group has particular experience in thermal of cables in various environment. s given on subsequent pages are the research work of ERA by an international agreed procedures for deriving for cables under many diverse condition of installation and operation. We acknowledge with thanks the use of ERA publication 9.30 part III and IEE requlation 15th edition for compiling current s and voltage drop. The current (ac) of PVC insulated cables given on subsequent pages are given for the three customary methods of installation (1) laid direct in the ground, () laid under ground ducts (3) installed in air for cables having close excess current protection i.e. cables will only be continuously operated at their tabulated if the minimum current at which circuit protection is designed to operate does not exceed times (in case of cables in Air or ducts) or 1.3 times (in case of cables laid direct in the ground) the values given in the table. If this condition is not met see section five of ERA publication EFFECT OF GROUPING OF : For group of circuits the single circuit s apply provided that 1) The horizontal clearance between circuits is not less than twice the over all diameter of an individual cable. ) The vertical clearance between circuits is not less than times the diameter of an individual cable. 3) If the number of circuits exceeds 3, they are in a horizontal plane. Circuits mounted on racks of clears etc where there is free circulation of air around circuits. For conditions other than this, the should be adjusted by suitable factor. STANDARD CONDITIONS: The following conditions have been used to calculate the current s given in the tables. THERMAL RESISTIVITY OF SOIL STANDARD GROUND TEMPERATURE = 1. deg cm/w O = 15 C Depth of burial from ground surface to center of cable to center of duct or to center to trefoil group of cables or ducts. 00/00 Volts Cable = 0.5 m 1.9/3.3 K.V Cables = m VARIATION IN STANDARD CONDITION If there are any variation in standard conditions, reference should be made to factors given on ERA pub Part III Note: FOR INSTALLED IN AND AROUND BUILDING REFERENCES SHOULD BE MADE TO THE IEE PUBLICATION REGULATION FOR THE ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT OF BUILDING 15TH EDITION. VOLTAGE DROP: According to IEE regulation, the size of every bare or cable shall be such that the drop in voltage from the origin of installation to any point in that installation should not exceed.5% of the nominal voltage when the s are carrying the full load current, but disregarding starting conditions. Values of voltage drop are tabulated for a current of one ere for meter run i.e. for a distance of 1m along the route taken by the cables, and represent along the route taken by the cables, and represent the result of the voltage drops in all the circuit s. For any given run the values need to be multiplied by the length of the run in meters and by the current the cables are to carry, in eres. For three-phase circuits the values tabulated relate to the line voltage and balanced load conditions have been assumed, where the actual current to be carried, i.e the design values of current for the circuit, is significantly less than the tabulated current-carrying capacity, the total voltage drop obtained by the above method is only approximate because the temperature and hence its resistance will be less than those applicable at the tabulated current. Thus for a more accurate assessment, due allowance should be made for the change in resistance with ope temperature. The tabulated values of voltage drop relate to the worst conditions, namely, where the phase angle of the cable circuit is equal to that of the load, For cables up to and including Sq they apply with sufficient accuracy where the power factor of the load lies between 0. lagging and unity and, for larger cables, where the power factor of the load is not worse than 8 lagging in all other cases the value may be unduly conservative and more exact calculation is necessary. If Vd is the voltage drop then Vd = x 1 x L or = Vd x x L When 1 = in eres L = route length in meters = approx / / meters AMBIENT AIR O = 30 C TEMPERATURE TEMPERATURE 1 O = C

17 CONDUCTOR RESISTANCE DATA Resistance of copper and aluminum s for multi-core cables to BS30 Note: 1) Resistance values for copper and aluminum s are shown in Table A. 0 The above formulae strictly apply only when the load power factor is unity. Where the load power factor is not unity the formulae may be used, with reasonable accuracy, for sizes up to. Table A Table B area Maximum resistance of s per km at 0C Temperature Temperature correction factor copper (ohms) aluminium (ohms) O C copper aluminum VOLTAGE DROP An approximate check can be made on voltage drop by means of the following formulae: For d.c and single-phase a.c. two-wire systems: X I X L X R X t 00 For three-phase a.c. systems: 1.73 X I X L X R X t 00 Where I = current in eres L = length of cable run in meters (one only) R = resistance in ohms of one only from Table A t = temperature correction factor from Table B. 13

18 CURRENT RATING AND VOLTAGE DROP 00/00V INSTALLED IN AIR ARMOURED WITH COPPER CONDUCTOR area of cables Spaced per ere Single Core 3 cables Trefoil touching per ere Twin Core per ere * Distance between cable centers up to and including - twice overall diameter of cable 0 and above Three and four cores per ere UNARMOURED WITH COPPER CONDUCTOR area of cables Spaced* 5 volt drop per ere Single Core 3 cables Trefoil touching volt drop per ere Laid flat spaced* volt drop per ere Twin per ere Three and four cores per ere * Distance between cable centers up to and including - twice overall diameter of cable 0 and above

19 CURRENT RATING AND VOLTAGE DROP 00/00V INSTALLED DIRECT IN GROUND ARMOURED WITH COPPER CONDUCTOR area of *.5* cables Touching* per ere Single Core* 3 cables Trefoil touching * Aluminum wire armoured Circular solid s per ere Twin per ere per ere Three and four cores per ere UNARMOURED WITH COPPER CONDUCTOR area of cables Spaced* 5 volt drop per ere Single Core* 3 cables Trefoil touching Laid flat spaced* volt drop per ere volt drop per ere Twin per ere.7 1. Three and four cores per ere * Adjacent cable surfaces seperated by one cable diameter

20 CURRENT RATING AND VOLTAGE DROP 00/00V RUN IN SINGLE WAY DUCTS ARMOURED WITH COPPER CONDUCTOR area of cables Ducts Touching* per ere Single Core 3 cables Ducts touching trefoil toucihing per ere Twin per ere Three and four cores per ere *.5* * Aluminum wire armoured circulate solid s UNARMOURED WITH COPPER CONDUCTOR area of cables Ducts Touching* per ere Single 3 cables Ducts touching trefoil toucihing per ere Twin per ere Three and four cores per ere Trefoil Flat * Aluminum wire armoured circulate solid s

21 SIZE SELECTION GUIDE (BASED ON VOLTAGE DROP OF.5 PER CENT OF 0 V) TWO CORE COPPER CONDUCTORS CURRENT AMPS ROUTE LENGTH METRES 17

22 SIZE SELECTION GUIDE (BASED ON VOLTAGE DROP OF.5 PER CENT OF 15 V) THREE AND FOUR CORE COPPER CONDUCTORS CURRENT AMPS ROUTE LENGTH METRES 18

23 SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT 00 COPPER CONDUCTOR PVC INSULATION MAX. TEMP. CONTINOUS o SERVICE C MAX. TEMP. SHORT CIRCUIT o 0 C 0 SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT (KA) ,5 0, 0,3 0,,5 0,1 1,5 0,1 0, 0,3 0, 0,5 1 3 TIME (SEC) 19

24 RATING FACTORS FOR INSTALLED IN AIR o AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE 30 C. O The current have been calculated at an ambient air temperature of 30 C. Further more, the s have been based on the condition that ventilation is available and the cable is protected from the direct rays of sun. If the ambient air temperature is different than that mentioned, the current s should be adjusted according to the table below: RATING FACTOR AMBIENT AIR o TEMPERATURE C Multiply the Rating by a Rating Factor of:

25 RATING FACTORS FOR INSTALLED IN GROUND o GROUND TEMPERATURE C O s for cable laid direct in ground, have been calculated at a ground temperature of 15 C. If the ground temperature is different than the current should be adjusted according to the table below: o GROUND TEMPERATURE C MULTIPLY THE CURRENT RATING DEPTH OF LAYING EFFECTS OF GROUPING OF The current given table have been calculated for one multicore cable, or a set of single core cables forming a circuit. If more than one circuit are laid close to each other, than the current s must be adjusted according to the following group factors. THREE SINGLE CORE FORMING CIRCUITS MULTICORE FORMING CIRCUITS Number of circuits Touching Spacing Trefoil Laid flat 0.15 m 0.3 m 0.5 m 0. m Number of circuits Touching Spacing 0.15 m 0.3 m 0.5 m 0. m 00 / 00 volt 00 / 00 volt / 3 volt 1900 / 3 volt Spacing Spacing Spacing 1

26 DEPTH OF LAYING for cables laid at different depths in ground should be adjusted using the following tablets. 00 / 00 volt cables 1900 / 3 volt cables Depth of laying m up to to Above up to Above or more THERMAL RESISTIVITY OF SOIL The current s given in table have been calculated in consistency with general soil conditions present in the UK. Where data and information of soil along the route of the cable is available, the current can be calculated more precisely using the following table. RATING FACTORS FOR VARIATION IN THERMAL RESISTIVITY OF SOIL Size of Cable O Soil thermal resistivity C m/w Single Core Cables up to 1 From to From 380 to Multi Core Cables Up to From 5 to 1 From to

27 CURRENT RATING AND VOLTAGE DROP 00/00V area of cables Spaced Single core* Approx per ere cables Trefoil touching Twin per ere per ere INSTALLED IN AIR ARMOURED WITH ALUMINIUM CONDUCTOR Three and four cores per ere * Aluminum wire Armoured Distance between cable centres up to and including - Twice overall diameter of cable 0 and above UNARMOURED WITH ALUMINIUM CONDUCTOR area of cables Spaced* Approx per ere Single Core* 3 cables Trefoil touching Approx per ere Laid flat spaced* Approx per ere Twin per ere Three and four cores per ere * Distance between cable centers up to and including - twice overall diameter of cable 0 and above

28 CURRENT RATING AND VOLTAGE DROP 00/00V INSTALLED IN AIR DIRECT IN GROUND ARMOURED WITH ALUMINUM CONDUCTOR area of cables Touching Single core* Approx per ere 3 cables Trefoil touching Twin per ere per ere Three and four cores per ere * Aluminum wire Armoured UNARMOURED WITH ALUMINIUM CONDUCTOR area of Single Core* cables Touching per ere Spaced* Approx per ere 3 cables Trefoil touching Approx per ere Laid flat spaced* Approx per ere Twin per ere Three and four cores per ere * Adjacent cable surfaces separated by 1 cable diameter

29 CURRENT RATING AND VOLTAGE DROP 00/00V RUN IN SINGLE WAY DUCTS ARMOURED WITH ALUMINIUM CONDUCTOR area of cables Ducts Touching * Aluminum wire Armoured Single core* Approx per ere cables Trefoil touching Twin per ere per ere Three and four cores per ere UNARMOURD WITH ALUMINIUM CONDUCTOR area of cables Ducts Touching Approx per ere Single Core* 3 cables Ducts touching trefoil or flat per ere Twin per ere Three and four cores per ere Trefoil Flat

30 SIZE SELECTION GUIDE (BASED ON VOLTAGE DROP OF.5 PER CENT OF 0 V) TWO CORE STRANDED ALUMINUM CONDUCTORS MM 00 CURRENT AMPS ROUTE LENGTH METRES

31 SIZE SELECTION GUIDE (BASED ON VOLTAGE DROP OF.5 PER CENT OF 15 V) THREE AND FOUR STRANDED ALUMINUM CONDUCTORS CURRENT AMPS ROUTE LENGTH METRES 7

32 SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT Allowable short circuit currents in s of PVC cables 00 ALUMINIUM CONDUCTORS 0 00 PVC INSULATION MAX. TEMP. CONTINOUS o SERVICE C MAX. TEMP. SHORT CIRCUIT o 0 C 00 0 SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT (KA) ,5 0, 0,3 0, 0,1 0,1 0, 0,3 0, 0,5 1 3 TIME (SEC) 8

33 USEFUL INFORMATION The unit of current is the Ampere ( I ) I = V / R The unit of voltage is the Volt ( V ) V = I R The unit of resistance is the Ohm ( R ) R = V / I The unit of Power is the Watt. ( P ) P = V x I = Volts x Amperes 7 Watts = 1 Horse Power The larger unit of power is the Kilowatt = 1,000 Watts The unit of energy is = 1 Kilowatt hour = 1,000 Watt hours = 1.3 Horse Power hours. 1 Watt =.0013 Horse Power. Kilowatt = 1.3 Horse Power 1 Gallon of Water = pounds = 0.05 cubic foot The pressure of the Atmosphere = 1.7 pounds per square inch Circumference of Circle = diameter X 3.1 Diameter of Circle = circumference X Area of Circle = diameter squared X.785 Diameter of Circle = square root of area X Area of Ellipse = long axis x short axis x.785 Area of Triangle = base x ½ Perpendicular height. Diameter of Circle x.88 = side of an equal square (equal area) Side of Square x 1.83 = diameter of an equal circle (equal area) Surface of a Cylinder = area of both ends + (length x circumference) Surface of a cone = area of base x ½ (slant height x circumference of base) Surface of Sphere = diameter squared x 3.1 Contents of a cylinder = area of one end x length Contents of cone = area of base x 1/3 perpendicular height Contents of Sphere = diameter cubed x.53 Drum capacity in feet = (A + B) A x W x / 1D Where A = depth of flange in inches. B = diameter of barrel in inches. W = width of reel between flanges in inches. D = diameter of material in inches. 9

34 CONVERSION FACTORS TO CONVERT MULTIPLY BY TO CONVERT MULTIPLY BY to in in to 5. to in in to cm to in in to cm.3871 cm to in in to cm 31 m to ft ft to m m to ft.739 ft to m m to ft ft to m KM to Mile 0.1 Mile to KM 093 m to yd 93 yd to m 0.91 m to yd yd to m m to yd yd to m 0.7 kg to lb.0 lb to kg 0.53 kg to cwt cwt to kg.803 kg to tons tons to kg.01 lb to tons tons to lb 0 short tons to tons 99 tons to short tons 1.1 tonnes (metric) to tons tons to tonnes (metric) 0 kg / to lb / in 1.33 lb / in to kg / tons / in to lb / in 0 lb / in to tons / grams / cm to lb / in lb / in to grams / Kg / m to lb / ft 0. lb / ft to kg / m 88 30

35 CONVERSION FACTORS TO CONVERT MULTIPLY BY TO CONVERT MULTIPLY BY kg / m to lb / ft 0.08 lb / ft to kg / m.88 kg / to tons / in 0.0 tons / in to kg / 79 N to lbf 0.8 lbf to N.8 N to kgf 0.0 kgf of N bar to N / m 5 N / m to bar -5 bar to lbf / in 1.5 lbf / in to bar x N / m to lbf / in - x lbf / in to N / m 89.7 kgf / cm to lbf / in 1.3 lbf / in to kgf / cm (litre) to gal (UK) 0.0 gal (UK) to 1 (litre).51 1 (litre) to gal (US) 0. gal (US) to 1 (litre) MULTIPLE AND SUB-MULTIPLE METRIC UNITS Multiple Prefix Symbol Sub-multiple Prefix Symbol 1 tera T -1 deci d 9 giga G - centi c mega M -3 milli m 3 kilo k - micro u hecto h -9 nano n deca da -1 pico p 31

36 TABLE WEIGHTS AND MEASURES AVOIRDUPOIS WEIGHT Dram = grams Ounce ( drams) = 8.39 grams Pound ( ounces) = 0.53 kilograms SUPERFICIAL MEASURE Square in =.513 square centimeters Square foot = square meter Square yard = 3 square meter Quarter (8 pounds) = kilograms Rod = 5.91 meters Hundredweight (11 pounds) =.80 kilograms Ton (0 hundredweight) =.08 kilograms LINEAR MEASURE Millimeter ( 1/00 M.) = inch Centimeter (1/0 M. ) = inch Decimeter (1/ M.) = inches Meter = 39.3 inches = feet Decameter ( M.) = feet Hectometer (0 M.) = ft = 9.3 yards Kilometer (1,000 M.) = yards = mile Myriameter (,000 M.) =.13 miles 1 Inch =.5399 centimeters 1 Foot = meter 3 Feet (1 yard) = meter 1 Fathom ( yards) = 1.88 meters 1 Pole (5 ½ yards) = meters 1 Mile (1,70 yards) = meters or 09 Kilometers 1 Furlong (0 yards) = 0 meters Rood (1, square yards) =.1 ares Acre (.80 square yards) = 0.7 ares Square mile =.588 square kilometers 1 Square Centimeter = 155 square inch 1 Square Meter =.70 square feet 1 Are = square yards 1 Bectare =.711 acres = square mile SOLID MEASURE Cubic inch =.38 cubic centimeters Cubic foot = cubic meter Cubic yard = 0.75 cubic meter 1 Cubic centimeter = 0. cubic inch 1 Cubic meter = 3.53 cubic feet = cubic yards CAPACITY 1 Cubic inch =.38 milliliter 1 Gill = 1198 liter 1 Pint = 58 liter 1 Quart = liters 1 Gallon =.559 liters 1 Milliliter = 0 cubic inch 1 Liter = pints = gallon 3

37 TABLE LOCATION SYMBOLS FOR INSTALLATIONS (from B.S. 8 No. DESCRIPTION SYMBOLE No. DESCRIPTION SYMBOLE 19A 19A 19A 19B1 19B 19B3 19B 19B7 19B9 19B 19B11 19C 19C3 19C 19C 19D1 19D 19E1 19E 19E 19E5 19E 19E8 Control Gear and Distribution Fuseboards Main Switch Switchboard, Distribution Board, or fuseboard Meter Lighting Outlet, etc. Ceiling Outlet Lighting, Filament L Well Outlet Lighting, Filament L Ceiling Outlet Discharge L Lighting Outlet connected to an Emergency System Exit Box with Wiring for Normal and Emergency Systems Ceiling Outlet for Filament Ls with wiring connected to Normal and Emergency Systems Ceiling Outlet with Wiring for Filament and Discharge Ls Ceiling Outlet with wiring for Discharge L connected to Normal System, plus Wiring for Filament L connected to Emergency System Switch Outlets 1 - Way switch - Way switch Intermediate Switch Pull switch Socket outlet (N = - carrying capacity) Switch socket outlet (N = - carrying capacity) Fixed Heating Outlets Tubular Heater Fixed Radiator or Heating Panel Electric Unit Heater Iersion Heater Thermostat Self-contained Electric Water heater 19F1 19F3 19F 19F5 19F7 19G1 19G 19G3 19G 19H1 19H 19H3 19J1 19J 19J3 19J 19L 19M1 19M3 19M 19M Bells, etc. Bell Bush Outlet Bell Buzzer Indicator (N = Number of ways) Bell Transformer Note - May be used for any special L.V. purpose. Telephones Telephone Point public service Telephone Board, public service Telephone Point, internal Telephone Board, internal Clocks Synchronous Clocks Outlet Impulse Clock Outlet Master Clock Fire Alarms Fir Push Automatic Contact Bell connected to Fire Alarm Fire Alarm Indicator (N = Number of ways) Radio Reception Outlets Loudspeaker Outlet Luminous Signal Systems Push Pilot or Corridor L Position Indicator Note - Buzzer may be added if required (N = Number of ways) Rest Position Fixed Apparatus Outlets 19P 19P3 19P5 Outlet for Motor to Fixed Fan Outlet for Motor to Ceiling Fan Cooker Control Unit 33

38 We Also Manufacture 9-N, Model Town, Lahore, Pakistan. UAN: Fax: Web: