By Paresh Kumar Goel, Director (Transport) Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, New Delhi, India

Transcription

1 Expert Group Meeting on Strengthening the capacity of ESCAP member States to Harmonize Standards on Weights, Dimensions and Emissions of Road Vehicles for facilitation of Transport along the Asian Highway Network at Tbilisi, Georgia January 2019 By Paresh Kumar Goel, Director (Transport) Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, New Delhi, India Contact: ,

2 Sequence of Presentation Requirement of Harmonisation of Standards Indian Automotive Industry Regulatory Structure Motor Vehicle Categories Emission standards Alternate Fuels Permissible Axle Load Permissible Vehicle Dimensions Conclusion

3 Harmonisation of standards 32 member countries greatly differ in economic levels and environmental conditions Different National Standards in design and construction of Road Infrastructure Different Standards in Vehicle permissible weight, dimensions and emissions Overload/oversized foreign vehicles can cause serious damage to transport infrastructure such as roads/bridges due to non compatibility with design of road network e.g. tunnel height, width and road curve radii Source-Preliminary Draft Report for EGM

4 Harmonisation of standards Divergent national weight standards create o Inefficiency across the logistics chain o Transport operators load their vehicle-suboptimally o Perform more trips for the same volume of goods o Financial burden on carriers o Delays in goods delivery o Lower efficiency, economic loss o Negative impact on environment

5 Harmonisation of standards Harmonisation of standards will enhance efficiency, effectiveness of intra-regional transport connectivity, logistics linkages ensuring the smooth operations of the Asian Highway Network as well as the Eurasian Transport Corridors connecting Asia and Europe

6 ABOUT INDIAN AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY The Largest Tractor producer The Second largest Two wheeler producer The Second largest Bus producer The Eight largest CV producer The Ninth Largest Car producer Major producer of automotive components

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8 Motor Vehicle Act and Rules Making in India Ministry of Road Transport and Highways: apex body to formulate act and rules. Central Motor Vehicle Act 1988 amended time to time provides guideline and power to make rules. Central Motor Vehicle Rules 1989 amended time to time provides rules and regulation for drivers, vehicles and road users. Central Government makes the acts, rules and schemes and state government responsible for enforcement. Indian Transport Department has the linkages with United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) through 1998 agreement.

9 Institutional structure for automotive regulations MVA can be amended by Parliament and CMVR by the MoRTH through G.S.R (General Statutory Rules ) and S.O ( Statutory Order ) Safety standards and emission norms are recommended for introduction by Central Motor Vehicles Rules-Technical Standing Committee (CMVR-TSC) and Standing Committee on Implementation of Emission Legislation (SCOE) Safety standards are prepared by Automotive Industry Standards Committee and Bureau of Indian Standards

10 Automotive Industry Standards Committee (AISC) AISC a committee set up by MoRT&H Standards in AISC are prepared by separate Panel comprising of representatives of various stakeholder associations. AISC formulates AIS after considering various aspects like the status of technology, time frame required for implementation, necessity of a particular regulation in relation to the safety and emission, etc. Finalised draft is hosted on AISC website for wide circulation Standards prepared by AISC are submitted to CMVR-TSC for approval.

11 Central Motor Vehicle Rule- Technical Standing Committee (CMVR-TSC) Joint Secretary, MoRTH is Chairman, CMVR-TSC CMVR-TSC comprises representatives Ministry of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises Bureau of Indian Standard (BIS) Automotive Component Manufacturers Association of India (ACMA) Selected State Governments Testing agencies SIAM Domain Experts User groups invitees CMVR-TSC adopts finalised standards and recommends implementations Standards notified Indian standards issued by BIS also notified under CMVR GSR first draft notification issued- : days given for comments Approval of the Secretary (MoRTH) and the Minister Final notification is issued

12 Standing Committee on Implementation of Emission Legislation (SCOE) Joint Secretary, MoRT&H is Chairman, SCOE SCOE comprises representatives of : Ministry of Environment and Forests and Climate Change (MoEF&CC) Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas (MoP&NG) Ministry of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises (MoHI&PE) Testing Agencies SIAM Domain Experts

13 Standing Committee on Implementation of Emission Legislation (SCOE) Currently dual norms one set of norms for 13 major cities and another for rest of the country- necessitated on account of pollution levels and availability of requisite fuel Emission norms issued through gazette notification- draft notification issued first and thereafter final notification is issued after due consideration of comments received, approval of the Secretary (MoRTH) and the Minister. 13

14 Type Approval Procedure in India Every manufacturer of motor vehicles other than trailers and semi-trailers submit the prototype of the vehicle to be manufactured for test by a test agency under Rule 126 of Central Motor vehicles Rules 1989 for granting a certificate by that agency in compliance of provisions of the Act and Rules. This is mandatory since April 1 st,

15 Type Approval Procedure in India Six Testing agencies currently authorised o Automotive Research Association Of India, Pune, o Vehicle Research & Development Establishment, Ahmednagar, o Central Farm Machinery Testing and Training Institute, Budni, o Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun, o Central Institute of Road Transport, Pune and o International centre for Automotive Technology, Manesar The process of the type approval generally takes about three months. The same procedure is applicable to imported vehicles and components also. 15

16 Type Approval of Motor Vehicles:Process INITIAL DOCUMENTATION SUBMISSION TO APPROVING AGENCY RELEASE OF CERTIFICATION WORST CASE REVIEW / DOCS Ministry DISCUSSION of Road Transport WITH and APPROVING Highways (MoRTH) AGENCY (Motor Vehicles Act & Central Motor Vehicles Rules) TEST REPORT GENERATION BY APPROVING AGENCY VEHICLE TESTS / COMPONENT TESTS FINAL DOCUMENTATION

17 In Use vehicles All in-use vehicles have to undergo a mandatory Pollution check once in six months. All transport vehicles have to undergo a once in two years fitness check and more than 8 years old vehicle would undergo fitness every year. The new vehicles need not necessarily have fitness certificate at once but have to take it after two years of registration. 17

18 Motor Vehicle Act and Rules in India Rules 91 to 127 mandated in Chapter V of the Central Motor Vehicle Rule Deals with the Construction of motor vehicles and equipment Safety provisions in motor vehicle Passengers safety Safety of pedestrians Safety of vulnerable road users Exhaust emissions Noise pollution and reduction

19 Motor Vehicle Categories in India Category Details L L1 - Two Wheelers (a Motor /cycle, max speed 70km/hr, engine capacity M 50 cc or 4 kw) L2 L5 L7 - Two Wheelers - Three Wheelers - Quadricycle Passenger Vehicles M1: Passenger Cars (not more than 8 seats in addition to driver s seat) M2: Smaller Buses (9 or more seats in addition to driver s seat, GVW 5T) M3: Standard Buses (9 or more seats in addition to driver s seat, GVW > 5T)

20 Motor Vehicle Categories in India Category N Details Goods Carrier N1: Smaller Trucks (GVW 3.5T) N2: Medium Trucks (GVW >3.5 T but 12T) N3: Regular Trucks (GVW > 12T) A T C Special Category Special Category Agriculture Tractors, Harvester, Power Tiller Trailers Construction Equipment Vehicles E-cart and E- rickshaw Hydraulic Trailers

21 Leap Frogging from BSIV to BSVI

22 Evolution of Emission Standards

23 BS IV Emission Standards: The current emission standards BS IV is the fourth emission standard launched to keep a check on air pollutants. Emission norms was first implemented in 13 major cities of India from April BS IV fuel finally covered the entire country in April Challenges Rolling out of standard faced a lot of challenges. Delay owing to the deficiency of BS IV fuel. fuel producers made hefty investments to supply this fuel all over the country. Exemption provided to manufacturers of specialty vehicles like taxis.

24 India to leapfrog from BS IV to BS VI by 2020 Indian government decided to jump on to the BS VI emission standards on April 1 st, 2020, directly from the BS IV emission standards, skipping the BS V. Applicability to all new vehicles manufactured after April 1 st, Earlier, the rolling out of BS VI norms was scheduled in the government decided to prepone its implementation due to rising air pollution. No other country has taken such decision. fuel retailers in the national capital to begin the supply of BS VI fuels from 01st April Challenges Using BS VI fuels in vehicles fitted with BS III or BS-IV engines will only deliver the partial benefit of the BS VI fuel. Automobile industries in manufacturing vehicles compliant with BS VI fuel.

25 Emission Norms in India BS IV 13 states BS IV + OBD BS IV country level BS V BS VI Apr 1, 2010 Apr 1, 2013 Apr 1, 2017 Leapfrogging Apr 1, 2020 N* category(gvw>3500 kg) CI Item Unit BS IV BS VI CO g/km THC g/km NMHC g/km NOx g/km NH 3 ppm PM g/km PN Numbers/km - 6X10 11 Test Cycle European Stationary Cycle (ESC) World Harmonized Transient Cycle (WHTC) NOx reduction 86 % PM reduction 66 % * For other categories CMVR,1989 to be referred

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27 BSVI- Overview for 4W 4W Emission Norms Diesel 1/29 times 1/28 times Year CO g/km HC + NOx g/km HC g/km NOx g/km PM g/km PN g/km /31 times X10 11

28 BSVI- Overview for 4W 4W Emission Norms SI vehicle Year CO g/km HC + NOx g/km HC g/km NOx g/km PM g/km PN (GDI) Numbers/km X /14 times 1/19 times

29 BSVI- Overview for 4W-HDV 4W-HDV Emission Norms steady state cycle 1/45 times 1/9 times Year CO g/kwh HC g/kwh NOx g/kwh PM g/kwh PN Numbers/kW h /36 times X10 11

30 BSVI- Overview for 4W-HDV 4W-HDV Emission Norms Transient cycle 1/12 times 1/1.5 times Year CO g/kw h HC g/kwh NOx g/kwh PM g/kwh PN Numbers/k Wh /10 times X10 11

31 Limiting factors: Dimensions of Vehicles Standards on Length and width Size of road infrastructure Road geometry Need to ensure road safety Standards on Height Design of tunnel and underpass Standards on Weight Direct impact on pavement and road structures

32 Sl. No. Permissible Axle Load in India 1. Single Axle Maximum Safe Axle Weight Axle Type Maximum Safe Axle Weight 1.1 Single Axle with single Tyre 3.0 tons 1.2 Single Axle with two Tyres 7.0 tons 1.3 Single Axle with four Tyres 11.5 tons 2. Tandem Axles (Two axles) (where the distance between 21.0 Tons two axles is less than 1.8 mtr.) 2.1 Tandem axle for rigid vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers 21 tons 2.2 Tandem axle for Puller tractors for hydraulic and 28.5 tons pneumatic trailers 3. Tri axles (Three axles) (where the distance between outer axles is less than 3 mtr.) 3.1 Tri-axle for rigid vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers 27 tons 4. Axle Row (two axles with four tyres each) in Modular Hydraulic trailers (9 tonnes load shall be permissible for single axle) 18 tons Note: If the vehicle is fitted with pneumatic suspension, 1 ton extra load is permitted for each axle

33 Motor Vehicle Dimensions in India Sr No Vehicle Category/Type Width Length Height 1 M1 (Motor Vehicle Non transport) M2.M3, N1,N2,N3 (Two axle) Articulated vehicle (Semi-trailer) Articulated vehicle (Semi-trailer) (Car Carriers) 5 Truck Trailer or Tractor Trailer Passenger Vehicle Bus 3 Axle (M3) Puller Tractor Three axle or more Modular Hydraulic Trailer (Trailer) (with puller) 9 Single Articulated Bus Single Articulated Bus Quadricycle Passenger Goods 12 E-Rickshaw and E-Cart A (Harvester) C (Construction Equipment) (>2 axle) 15 A (Agriculture Tractor) A(Power tiller) Airport Passenger Bus

34 Conclusion Item Indian Standards Recommended Standards Maximum Width, mm 2,600 2,550 Maximum Height, mm 4,750 4,000 Maximum Length, mm Rigid Truck 12,000 12,000 Articulated Vehicle 18,750 18,750 Gross Vehicle Weight, ton Maximum Axle Load, ton Rigid Vehicle Articulated Vehicle Group Axles **/24*** Single Axle /11.5* Note: * Powered axle, ** Tandem axle, *** Tridem axle

35 Motor Vehicle Rule Harmonization India is an active member of the process of harmonisation of Global Technical Regulations (GTR). Started contributing as an Observer in WP 29 from Joined 1998 agreement in April India is quite happy that o GTRs are based on consensus o GTR takes into account regional issues

36 Useful links Notification / Rules / Standards BIS Indian Standards MoEF ( Genset Notification /Rules/ Standards) UNESCAP Draft reports on weights, Dimensions and Emission of fright road vehicles along the Asian Highways

37 Thank you