CHAPTER 4 : CALCULATION OF GASEOUS AND PARTICULATE EMISSIONS

Transcription

1 CHAPTER 4 : CALCULATION OF ASEOUS AND PARTICULATE EMISSIONS 1 Calculaton : 1.1 The Fnal reported test results of the gaseous emssons are derved through the followng steps The exhaust gas mass flow rate EXH or V' and V" EXH shall determned (see paragraph 4.2 of chapter 3) for each mode When applyng EXH the measured concentratons are converted to a wet bass accordng to paragraph below, f not already measured on wet bass Exhaust gas concentraton measured on a dry bass are converted to a wet bass, whch represents the condton n the exhaust, accordng to followng relatonshp: In case of C.I. engnes: ppm(wet bass ) ppm(dry bass)* ( FUEL / AIR ) where : FUEL s the fuel flow (kg/h) AIR s the ar flow (kg/h)..(dry ar) In the case of N Engnes: ppm(wet bass ) ppm (dry bass) * ( FUEL / AIR ) where: FUEL s the fuel flow (kg/h) AIR s the ar flow (kg/h) In the case of LP fueled Engnes: ppm(wet bass ) ppm (dry bass) * ( FUEL / AIR ) MoRTH / CMVR / TAP-115/116 (Issue 4) Page 427

2 where: FUEL s the fuel flow (kg/h) AIR s the ar flow (kg/h).. (dry ar) The NOx concentraton shall be corrected for humdty accordng to paragraph below for C.I. engnes, CN engnes and LP engnes NOx Correcton factor : The value of the oxdes of ntrogen shall be multpled by the followng humdty correcton factor A(7H 75) + B *1.8( T 302) where: FUEL A AIR FUEL B AIR T temperature of the ar n K FUEL AIR Fuel ar rato (dry ar bass) H humdty of the nlet ar n grams of water per klogram of dry ar n whch : H (6.211 * R a * P d ) / ( P a (P d * R a * 10-2 )) Where R a Relatve humdty of the ambent ar expressed n % P d Saturaton vapour pressure at ambent temperature expressed n kpa P a Atmospherc pressure expressed n kpa MoRTH / CMVR / TAP-115/116 (Issue 4) Page 428

3 The pollutant mass flow (gm/hr) for each mode shall be calculated as follows (Only C.I. engnes ) (1) NO x mass * NO x conc * EXH (2) COmass * COconc * EXH (3) HCmass * HCconc * EXH or: (1) NO x mass * NO x conc* V' EXH (2) NO x mass * NO x conc * V" EXH (3) CO mass * CO conc * V' EXH (4) HCmass * HCconc * V" EXH The pollutant mass flow (gm/hr) for N engne and for mode,assumng the densty of exhaust gas equal to kg/m 3, shall be calculated as follows: (1) NO x mass * NO x conc W * EXH (2) CO mass * CO conc W * EXH (3) HC mass * HC conc W * EXH or (1) NO x mass * NO x conc D * V' EXH (2) COx mass * CO conc D * V' EXH (3) HC mass * Hcconc D * V' EXH For HC (CH 3.76 ), the concentraton shall be expressed n carbon equvalent (.e. equvalent propane * 3) The pollutant mass flow (gm/hr) for LP- fuelled engne and for mode, shall be calculated as follows: (1) NO x mass * NO x conc * EXH (2) CO mass * CO conc * EXH (3) HC mass * HC conc * EXH (1) NO x mass * NO x conc* V' EXH (2) NO x mass * NO x conc * V" EXH (3) CO mass * CO conc * V' EXH (4) HC mass * HCconc * V" EXH MoRTH / CMVR / TAP-115/116 (Issue 4) Page 429

4 The emsson shall be calculated n the followng way : NO x CO NOx mass. * WF ( P Paux, )* WF COmass. * WF ( P Paux, )* WF HC HCmass. * WF ( P Paux, )* WF where: P are measured values The weghtng factors used n the above calculaton are accordng to the followng table: For Automotve Engnes (13 Mode Cycle) Mode Number Weghtng Factor(WF) / / / For Agrcultural Tractor Engnes (8 Mode Cycle) and constructon equpment vehcles (varable speed). MoRTH / CMVR / TAP-115/116 (Issue 4) Page 430

5 Mode Engne Speed Percent Load Weghtng Factor Number 1 Rated Rated Rated Rated Intermedate Intermedate Intermedate Idle MoRTH / CMVR / TAP-115/116 (Issue 4) Page 431

6 For Constructon Equpment Vehcle (Constant Speed) Engnes (5 Mode Cycle) Mode Engne Speed Percent Load Weghtng Factor Number 1 Rated Rated Rated Rated Rated The partculate emssons are calculated n the followng way. The generalequatons n ths paragraph apply to both full-flow- dluton and partal-flow dlutonsystems: PT PT mass ( P Paux, )* WF where : WF as n paragraph above The partculate mass flow rate (gm/hr) s calculated as follows : PT mass M P f * SAM *1000 or: Pf PT mass V SAM * V * , V", M SAM and V SAM over the test cycle are determned by summaton of the average values of the ndvdual modes : Σ, * WF 6" Σ V", * WF M SAM ΣM SAM, MoRTH / CMVR / TAP-115/116 (Issue 4) Page 432

7 V SAM ΣV SAM, The effectve weghtng factor WF E for each mode s calculated n the followng way: WF E, M M SAM, SAM * *, WF E, M V SAM, SAM I * V" * V" The value of the effectve weghtng factors must be wthn of the weghtng factors lsted n paragraph The fnal reported test results of the partculate emsson are derved through the followng steps, when usng the full-flow dluton system (Chapter 5, system 2) The dluted exhaust gas volume flow rate V" TOT over all modes s determned V" TOT, corresponds to V", n the general equatons n paragraph When usng sngle dluton system,m SAM s the mass through the samplng flters(f 1 n Chapter 5,system 2) When usng a double dluton system, M SAM s the mass through the samplng flters(f 1 n Chapter 5, system 2) mnus the mass of the secondary dluton ar(f 2 n Chapter 5,system 2) The fnal reported test results of the partculate emsson shall be derve through the followng steps,when usng the partal-flow-dluton-system (Chapter 5, System 3).Snce varous types of dluton rate control may be used,dfferent calculaton methods for or V" apply.all calculatons are based upon the average values of the ndvdual modes durng the samplng perod Fractonal Samplng Type wth Isoknetc Probe MoRTH / CMVR / TAP-115/116 (Issue 4) Page 433

8 , EXH, *q V", V" EXH, *q q V" q DIL, + DIL, + ( EXH, EXH, * r * r) where 'r' corresponds to the rato of the cross sectonal areas of the soknetc probe and the exhaust ppe : Ap r A T V" ( V" EXH, EXH, * r * r) Fractonal samplng type wth CO 2 or NOx Measurement, EXH, * q V", V" EXH, * q Conc E, -Conc A, q Conc D, Conc A, Where : Conc E concentraton of the raw exhaust Conc Concentraton of the dluted exhaust Conc A concentraton of the dluton ar Concentratons measured on dry bass are converted to a wet bass accordng to paragraph Total Samplng type wth CO 2 measurement and Carbon Balance Method, 206* CO CO 2D, FUEL, 2 A, (C.I. engnes) MoRTH / CMVR / TAP-115/116 (Issue 4) Page 434

9 , 195* CO CO 2D, FUEL, 2 A, (LP Fuelled engnes), 171* CO CO 2D, FUEL, 2 A, (N Fuelled engnes) where : CO 2D CO 2 concentraton of the dluted exhaust gases CO 2A CO 2 concentraton of the dluton ar (Concentraton s vol % on wet bass) The equatons are based upon the carbon balance assumpton (carbon atoms suppled to the engne are emtted as CO 2 ) and derved through the followng steps ;, EXH, * q q EXH, 206* *( CO FUEL, 2D, CO 2 A, ) Total Samplng Type wth Mass Flow Control, EXH, * q q TOT, ( TOT, DIL, ) MoRTH / CMVR / TAP-115/116 (Issue 4) Page 435