Sensors for hybrid power generation system

Transcription

1 Sensors for hybrid power generation system Michael Gouzman, Ph.D. 1

2 Objectives and scope New calls for sensor technologies Sensors for incorporated local generation and battery storage Sensors for renewable integration with the existed grid Evaluate controls for peak load management 2

3 Proposed effort Research options for multi-layer sensor system Bottom-up approach to smart grid build technique Begin from the present electric grid plus new sensors Look for incremental building blocks with new sensors Explore ac-dc options with new sensors Smart battery network as an enabler tool Evaluate integrated mchp and renewable sources with batteries and electric charging devices Optically powered and communicated sensors and actuators 3

4 Bottom-up approach to smart grid Local AC line 110/220V AC lines Smart DC Converter 110/220V AC lines 48V non-interrupted DC line 110V non-interrupted AC line High voltage DC line AC-DC house Electrical car Solar cells Wind mill generator Weather-dependent energy sources Natural-gas powered fuel cell 4

5 Why did AC win century ago? Low-cost and low-frequency circuits (10 to 100 Hz): AC transformer Easy voltage conversion Enables AC transmission (high voltage) AC motor No brush commutations (brushless by nature) Nicola Tesla 5

6 Explore 21 century DC options Re-evaluate new/old solutions? DC-DC converter up to 99% efficiency Rechargeable batteries up to 2,000 full cycles DC brushless motor 3-7 times less copper Reactive power advantage Better load acceptance & peak load sensitivity Direct energy storage Thomas Edison 6

7 Smart Battery Network Charge Discharge 48 DC 110 AC 160 DC 440 DC Switchable batteries (like switch-capacitors) 7

8 SENSORS. Part I. Fiber optic connected Smart Battery Network Controller Sensors data (V, I, T, Gas leaks) Optical fiber Control (switch batteries) Opto-controller Smart Battery 8

9 SENSORS. Part II. Low RF band self powered sensors Use very simple configuration: small coil (associated with sensor) inside big one (belt type coil around the house). Easy transfer power from big coil to many small ones inside perimeter like transformer. Practical no interference with any other network outside the belt coil (house perimeter). Almost no sense to shielding conductive components and ferromagnetic materials (can work incide iron can) 9

10 SENSORS. Part III. Sub-GHz sensor networks Cluster based short range (up to 0.1 km between sensors) 2.4GHz communication network Serial long range (up to 5 km between sensors!) Sub-GHz communication network 10

11 Our research activities Current projects Multi-parameter AC/DC current meters with fiber optic powering / data transfer Low RF band in-house self powered sensors Future projects combination of fiber based, Low RF band and sub-ghz sensor networks with existed ones blackout resist sensor network DC oriented sensor network for local cogeneration and storage devices 11

12 Our resources Sensor CAT Network of researchers and labs for startups Research Lab 7 Ph.D. + 4 professors Design Lab 5 Ph.D. students + 3 Consultants Fast prototyping Lab 1 Ph.D. + 2 Engineers Support group 7 12 undergraduate students 12

13 Summary Local Energy generation and storage is a way to Ultimate Energy Society Today we know just how mach gas and electricity we have already spend. Industry needs new control systems and sensors 13

14 Contact information Contact: Michael Gouzman, Tel: Sensor CAT (SUNY at Stony Brook Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensors and Systems 14