Battery to supply nonstop energy to load at the same time contingent upon the accessibility of the vitality sources. In

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1 ISSN: X CODEN: IJPTFI Available Online through Research Article MONITORING AND CONTROL OF HYBRID ENERGY SOURCE SCHEME FOR GREEN ENVIRONMENT IN CHEMICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRIES Vinothkumar.C and Marshiana.D Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Sathyabama University, Chennai , Tamil Nadu, India. Received on Accepted on Abstract In this computerized control scheme, the top need is additionally on making utilization of the efficient power vitality source which is accessible to us in wealth. This scheme supports the idea of sustainable development and helps in keeping the Environment Green Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industries The two out of four power sources that are a renewable source of vitality. This setup permits four differential power sources i.e. Solar, Wind, Grid Power and Battery to supply nonstop energy to load at the same time contingent upon the accessibility of the vitality sources. In everyday lives, already there were really four sources however people groups were not utilizing it. So this hybrid power source framework is to discover the approaches to maintain a strategic distance from power cut in day by day lives and commercial enterprises. In this paper, if sunlight based and wind is dynamic then the load will keep running by these two sources just which is the first need and if not then the load will keep running by battery which is our second power source. Finally if all these three sources are not accessible then the Grid supply to the load is given by the Framework power supply. If implemented on larger basis in industries like chemical, pharmaceutical, Petrochemical, Medical fields and other places like traffic signals and ATMs it can avoid interruption between the industrial process due to power cuts and can work with greater speed, greater flexibility and increased efficiency. Keywords: Green energy sources, Solar Panel, Wind power, Grid power and Battery, LabVIEW GUI, Chemical and Pharmaceutical industry, Petrochemical and Medical fields, Green Environment. 1. Introduction This system presents a scheme for automatic power supply control and monitoring system using Lab VIEW GUI (Graphical User Interface). This configuration allows four differential power sources i.e. Solar, Wind, Grid Power and Battery to supply continuous power supply to load simultaneously depending on the availability of the energy IJPT July-2015 Vol. 7 Issue No Page 8110

2 sources. In daily lives, previously there were actually four sources but peoples were not using it. So this system finding ways to avoid power cut in daily lives and industries. In the existing system all the sources that are being used are directly or indirectly dependent on non-renewable sources of energy. The need of sustainable development is not satisfied in this system. There are also only three power sources that are being used which make the system less dependable. The numbers of options available as power sources are limited to three and none of them are green energy source. One of the sources in this system will often lead to air and noise pollution. The objective of projected system is to provide uninterrupted power supply to the load with the help of four different power sources i.e. Solar, Wind, battery and Grid Power Supply. Whenever solar or wind is available the load is supposed to get power from them only if however solar and wind is not available then the power to the load will be given from Battery and if battery power is also not available then the power is given from Grid power supply. The main aim is to avoid use of non-renewable power sources as much as possible and make use of the renewable energy sources. 1.1 Existing Scheme The existing system regulates the power from only three power sources i.e. Mains, Generator and Inverter. It does not use four power sources. The regulation between the sources is not automatic, it is done manually. The existing system does not make use of two renewable resources available in abundance to us.the main scope of this existing system is to ensure the consumption of the power supply from mains, generator and inverter sources, optimally by using an appropriate programmed microcontroller in the most effective way. Emergency power systems are the types of systems that may include lighting, generators, fuel cells and other apparatus, to provide backup power resources in crisis or when the regular systems fail. They find uses in a wide variety of settings from residential homes to hospitals, scientific laboratories, data centers, telecommunication equipment and modern naval ships. Some homebrew emergency power systems use regular lead-acid based car batteries. Reduction of the system's power consumption extends the battery life, reduces system temperature and the system's fan noise as well. The power consumption can be greatly improved from a stock distribution configuration to a fine-tuned system. The main objective of this system is to provide uninterrupted power supply to a load, by selecting the supply from any source out of three such sources that is mains, generator and inverter sources, automatically in the absence of any of the source. In this setup three switches can be used to create the corresponding breakdown of that power supply source. When IJPT July-2015 Vol. 7 Issue No Page 8111

3 any of the switches is pressed, it shows the absence of that particular source. Switches are connected to the microcontroller as input signals. The commands of the microcontroller are fed to the relay driver IC, which switches appropriate relay to maintain uninterrupted supply to the load. It is indicated by using a lamp which fed through a single power supply from the mains initially. On the failure of this mains supply which has been actuated by pressing the appropriate switch, the load gets supply from the next available source for instance, an inverter. If the inverter also fails, it switches over to the next available source, and likewise. The current status of this process gets displayed on the LCD, which is interfaced to the controller as it is not feasible to provide all the three different sources of supply, one source only with alternate switches are provided to get the same function. This setup can be further enhanced by using other sources like solar power and also by taking into consideration the best possible alternative power source whose tariff remains lowest at any given time. Drawbacks of Existing scheme The existing system does not lay stress on the use of renewable energy sources. The existing system is not supporting the idea of sustainable development. The existing system does not fulfil the demand for continuous power The power sources used in existing system are directly or indirectly related to non-renewable sources of energy which leads to exploitation of resources and pollution. 2. Projected Scheme and Methodology The proposed scheme finding a solution for the power cuts which leads to interruption in power supply leading to various problems. It is using four types of power sources i.e. Solar, Wind, Grid Supply and Battery. In this system if the energy provided by renewable sources (solar and wind) are sufficient to run the load then the load will be run by only these sources else it will use the grid power supply to run the load. The battery will also be charged through grid power. In case, if all these power sources are not available then the load will be run by battery. The Solar panel output and the output from the wind generator is given to the Microcontroller. The microcontroller is used to control the operation of the relay. The relay terminals are given powers from the solar and wind panel and also from the batteries and the grid power supply. The relay switches are controlled in such a manner with the help of microcontroller so that it automatically regulates the power from different sources to the load. The functioning of relay switches is such that when solar and wind power are available then the load gets power from solar and wind only. When both the solar and wind sources are available both the DPDT switches are off but DPDT2 is conducting IJPT July-2015 Vol. 7 Issue No Page 8112

4 but when solar and wind power is not available but battery is available then DPDT2 is on and DPDT1 is off but it is not idle which means that the DPDT2 is conducting and when all the three sources i.e. solar, wind and battery is not available then both the DPDT switches are on and they conduct grid power supply to the load. Thus in this manner the load gets continuous power supply. The block diagram in the Fig 1 shows all the components that are used in this system. In this system the values from all the four sources are fed into the microcontroller from where the automatic switching between the power sources is controlled with the help of the relay. There are two DPDT relay switches that are used to control the entire control process. For monitoring we are using LABVIEW software, where all the active sources and their values are shown. Fig 1: Block Diagram of the Hybrid Green Power Source Monitoring and Control scheme. The four different power sources forms the major components of this system. The first source is the Wind power generator which is used to convert the wind energy into electrical energy. It produces a maximum output voltage of round 2.05 volts and maximum output current of 0.23 Amperes. To obtain this value the wind turbines should rotate at a speed of around 200 revolutions per minute. The energy obtained is AC and therefore it needs to be converted into DC. This is done with the help of Driver Circuit which comprises of a rectifier and a capacitor, the capacitor here is used to remove the ripples that develop due to the conversion of energy from AC to DC. The second source is the Solar panel which is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy. The maximum output voltage is 9 volts and the maximum output current is 0.36 A. The energy obtained from solar panel is DC in nature and hence it is not required to be converted. The maximum peak power of this solar panel is 3 Watts. The third power source is the battery which serves as the third power source of this system. It is using a 9 volts rechargeable battery. This battery is IJPT July-2015 Vol. 7 Issue No Page 8113

5 charged with the help of grid power supply and supplies power to the load when renewable sources of energy are not available. And finally the Grid power supply is the fourth power source used in this system and it is used to supply power to the microcontroller. It is passed through a 12 volt step down transformer and given to the microcontroller and it is passed through a 9 volt step down transformer and given to the load and it is also used for charging the battery. The output from the solar panel is given to the battery which is used to charge the battery. The output from the wind generator is also given to the first battery after passing it through the full wave rectifier and the capacitors to convert it from alternating current to direct current and also purify the current. The power supply is connected to the microcontroller and the load and is also connected to the second battery for charging it. The microcontroller output is given to the two relay switches for controlling the automatic switching of the power from one source to another. Two variable resistances are used to help us in presenting the output of the system. The 5 volt DC motor is used as the load in prototype model. Advantages of projected scheme Four energy resources are used. This system enables to fulfill the demand of continuous power. Maximum demand can be achieved and also helps to save the resources. This proposal greatly reduces the manpower, saves time and operates efficiently without human interference. 3. Result, Discussion and Performance Analysis 3.1 Graphical Programming using Labview LabVIEW GUI is a graphical programming language. It consists of three components, they are the front panel, Block diagram and Icons and Connector panel. Fig 2 represents the Front panel Graphical user interface for this system. Fig 2: LabVIEW Front Panel GUI. IJPT July-2015 Vol. 7 Issue No Page 8114

6 Front panel serves as the user interface of the lab view. Front panel are made up of controls and indicators which act as the interactive input and output terminals Controls are the input devices whereas indicators are the output devices. Controls simulate instrument input devices and supply data to the block diagram. Indicators simulate instrument output devices and displays data that block diagram generates. Here the front panel takes the value of the solar, wind and battery sources as the input and passes them to the block diagram for processing it. Fig 3(a) and fig 3(b) shows the block diagram of the system. Block diagram contains the graphical source codes. Front panel objects appear as terminals on the block diagram. The block diagram also contains functions and structures from the built in LabVIEW libraries. Wires are used to connect each of the nodes of the block diagram, including control and indicator terminals, functions and structures. Fig 3(a): LabVIEW Block Diagram GUI Block diagram process the input values passed on from the front panel and displays the active power source and also displays the value that they are having. The block diagram with the help of different case structures evaluates the active power source in different cases and helps in monitoring the process. LABVIEW also has palettes such as the Control palette and the Function palette. The control palette is available on the front panel which contains the controls and indicators used to creating the front panel. The function palettes is available only on the block diagram, they contains the functions used to make the block diagram. Fig 3(b): Lab View Block Diagram GUI (continuation) IJPT July-2015 Vol. 7 Issue No Page 8115

7 3.2 Result and Discussion Vinothkumar.C* et al. International Journal Of Pharmacy & Technology The result of automated hybrid power supply monitoring and control system can be classified into three cases for better understanding of the automatic switching between the power sources. It has been done with 120 engineering units as reference which is equivalent to 2.2 volts of direct current. A minimum supply of 2.2 volts from any power source is enough to run the load which is a DC motor fan. The aim of this system is to prioritize the use of renewable energy source which here is solar and wind. When the solar or wind power of required strength is available then the power to the load is supplied from these two sources only no matter how much power is available from the other sources. When enough power is not available from these two sources only then it is looking towards other sources to supply power to the load. The result is obtained from this system in different cases based on the availability of power from different sources. To obtain the result the hardware of this system is connected to the PC having LabVIEW GUI software, designed to monitor the source which is supplying power to the load. The result can be classified into three cases, they are as follows: Case (i) when power supply from solar and wind sources is available. Case (ii) when power supply from solar and wind sources is not available but battery power is available. Case (iii) when power supply from solar, wind and battery sources is not available but grid power supply is available. CASE (i) when power supply from solar and wind sources is available. Fig 4: Result of case (i) From the result of fig 4 concludes that, if Renewable Resources is available then the load gets the power supply from Renewable Sources only avoiding the use of nonrenewable sources of energy and thus saving them for the future generations. This also leads to the green and clean environment. IJPT July-2015 Vol. 7 Issue No Page 8116

8 CASE (ii) when power supply from solar and wind sources is not available but battery power is available. Fig 5: Result of case (ii) From the figure 5 concludes that, if Renewable Energy not available to us but battery is charged to the required amount then automatically the Battery is used to supply power to the load so that the load does not switches off even for a second but as soon as the renewable sources is again available then the power supply to the load is given from renewable sources only. This switching of power from one source to another takes place automatically without any human intervention. CASE (iii) when power supply from solar, wind and battery sources is not available but grid power supply is available. Fig 6: Result of case (iii) Figure 6 shows that, if Renewable Energy source is not available and the battery is also not charged then the power supply to the load automatically switches to the Grid power source but as soon as the battery or renewable source is available then power is again given to the load from those sources only. 3.3 Performance Analysis IJPT July-2015 Vol. 7 Issue No Page 8117

9 After studying the results that illustrate the four sources used in this system is able to provide uninterrupted power supply to the load. It is also noticed that out of four sources two sources are of renewable energy and thus enables to reduce dependence on non-renewable sources such as Coal and Petroleum. Hence this system reflects the idea of sustainable development by making use of the solar and wind energy. If solar and wind sources are available then load will be run only by these two sources and battery will also be charged suppose, if these sources are not available then load will run by battery. This system helps by preventing the power cut disturbances in the daily lives. The automated hybrid power supply monitoring and control system uses four power sources out of which two sources are of renewable energy whereas the existing system uses only three sources and none of the sources are renewable sources, all the sources either directly or indirectly are of nonrenewable energy. This control scheme supports the idea of sustainable development and helps in keeping the Environment Green and clean whereas the power sources used in the existing system causes different kinds of pollution. This system can work without any human intervention as the major sources used here are natural and there is no problem of maintenance whereas the power sources in the existing system needs human support and maintenance is also required at regular intervals. 4. Summary and Conclusion 4.1 Summary After studying the results that illustrate the four sources used in this system is able to provide uninterrupted power supply to the load. It is also noticed that out of four sources two sources are of renewable energy and thus enables to reduce dependence on non-renewable sources such as coal and petroleum. Hence our system reflects the idea of sustainable development by making use of the solar and wind energy. If solar and wind sources are available then load will be run only by these two sources and battery will also be charged suppose, if these sources are not available then load will run by battery. This system helps by preventing the power cut disturbances in the daily lives. 5.2 Conclusion Thus the result concludes that there is automatic switching between the four sources used in this system thus preventing the power cuts. The connections of the sources with the DPDT switches are very unique and efficient. When the hardware module interfacing with LabVIEW GUI and running it, it shows the power source which is active and also the amount of voltage that is generated by that source. This Hybrid Uninterrupted Green Energy Source system helps in avoiding the power cuts and also creates the green environment in industries like chemical, pharmaceutical, Petrochemical, Medical fields. IJPT July-2015 Vol. 7 Issue No Page 8118

10 References Vinothkumar.C* et al. International Journal Of Pharmacy & Technology 1. Dalbon W, Roscia. M and Zaninelli.D, Hybrid photovoltaic system control for enhancing sustainable energy,power Engineering Society Summer Meeting, IEEE, Volume-1,2002, pp Misak. S, Stuchly. J and Vramba.J, Monitoring of hybrid system using LABVIEW,Environment and Electrical Engineering (EEEIC),2013, pp Arredono.C.A, Hernandez. J, Patino. J and Tello. J, Development and implementation of a hybrid photovoltaic system for energy back up, Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC), 35th IEEE, 2010, pp Jahdi.S, Loi Lei Lai and Nankoo.D, Grid integration of solar-wind hybrid renewables using AC/DCconverters as DG power sources,sustainable Technologies (WCST), World Congress, 2011, pp Mundackal. J, Reshmi. V, Sreekala.P and Varghese. A.C, Grid power quality improvement and battery energy storage in wind energy systems, Emerging Research Areas and International Conference on Microelectronics, Communications and Renewable Energy (AICERA/ICMICR), Annual International Conference, 2013, pp1-6. Corresponding Author: Vinothkumar.C*, vinothkumar.eni@sathyabamauniversity.ac.in IJPT July-2015 Vol. 7 Issue No Page 8119