REGIONAL ESTUDY OF SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY

Transcription

1 REGIONAL ESTUDY OF SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY THEMATIC: ELECTRIC MOBILITY REGION: ALGARVE (PORTUGAL)

2 BEST PRACTICE 1 IMPLEMENTATION OF ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGING NETWORK IN FARO

3 NAME OF THE PRACTICE DATA COMPILATION Implementation of electric vehicle charging network in Faro Topic: Name of the contact person Contact details EV Charging infrastructure Municipality of Faro Energy, Environment and Mobility Division Largo da Sé, Faro Phone: Fax: OBJECTIVES OF THE PRACTICE: To introduce the first electric vehicle municipal charging network integrated with the national charging network (Mobi.e) Process and detailed content of the practice (Description): National program MOBI.E, sponsored by the Portuguese Government to develop electric mobility in Portugal, through the installation of a common network of charging stations, national wide, managed by a central system, was signed by 25 municipalities, including Faro, where 8 normal charging points were installed The electric mobility behavior will be the turn on for and during the next years, the private sector will get along this idea. Even with a higher cost, comparing to engine combustion vehicles, electric vehicles started to be seen circulating around the city, most of them owned by public entities, but also by private owners, the usual earlier adopters. Pag. 2

4 Figure 1 Location of the charging network at Faro In one hand, the economic crises had slowed the electric vehicles rush, but on the other hand the need to import all the oil used in vehicles and the integration on renewal energies production into the electrical grid, turns electric mobility as the right way to the future. The content of the practice is to propose the measures to introduce a charging network in the Municipality of Faro integrated with the national charging network (Mobi.e). Figure 2 Charging Stations in Faro The first phase is to evaluate the present situation concerning the number of the existent EV in the municipality and also the potencial demand that wil be the future users. Pag. 3

5 The definition, and the viability analysis, of the measures aimed to promote the integration with the transport system of the Municipality and the coordination with other modes of transport, are another main action of the practice. The promotion of campaigns to publicize the advantages of the EV, mainly using international examples is another content of the practice. Origin: 6 public charging points slow/rapid charge Bodies involved /Implementation GAMEP Office for Electric Mobility, Faro Municipality Financial Framework (Funding): Public. Entity: Portuguese Government Amount: n.e. Legal Framework (current law and incentives system): Standards and legislation The legislation package is designed to ensure full integration and transparency that result in low barriers for entry for business- stakeholders with a clear picture of the return-on investments to attract private investors. The current standards and national legislation adopts Mode 2 from IEC standard using industrial and Mennekes plugs (type 2). Standards ISO standard for authentication IEC IEC for charging modes IEC for plugs Legislation Low Voltage Directive 2006/95/CE Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive 2004/108/CE and IEC CHAde MO for DCfast-charging applications Pag. 4

6 Incentives system Figure 3 Industrial IEC and Mennekes (IEC type 2) sockets The legislative framework defines actors and roles, high-level specification and comprehensive set of incentive for vehicle purchase and operation, circulation and parking, infrastructure installation, and the main structure for market regulation. In addition, several direct and indirect incentives for EV,s have been enacted. Some of those incentives are: Taxes Exemption of EVs from ISV (Vehicle Acquisition Tax) and IUC (Circulation Tax) Corporate tax deduction for fleets that include EVs Parking and circulation Preferential parking areas for EVs in urban centres Special EV access to priority lanes and exclusive circulation centres Mandatory installation of electric mobility charging infrastructure in parking areas of new buildings starting in 2010 Financing and incentives Financing of pilot network infrastructure - CANCELED in OCTOBER 2012 Annual renewal of State and municipalities fleets with 20% of EVs from 2011 onwards - CANCELED in OCTOBER 2012 Consumer incentives for EV acquisition up to maximum of to apply to the first electric vehicles sold until the end of 2012 CANCELED in OCTOBER 2012 Pag. 5

7 Target group addressed by the practice: The main target group addressed by the practice are the inhabitants of the Municipality of Faro. Another important group are the municipal services, for instance, for the maintenance of gardens, parks and historical centres using EV small and EV micro logistics. The municipal police could be another target group for the surveillance on the downtown area using a segway or a small EV vans. Public and private companies are others groups from whom it could also addresses the practice through their fleet EV s, for example the National Postal services and the rent-a-car companies. In a tourist region like Algarve the use of small electric buses assuring the transport to the beachs in the resort areas could also be a target group. Communication and awareness campaigns: The role of the media campaigns is very important to assure comprehensive, didactic and attractive information concerning the main advantages of the use of electric vehicles, disseminating the good practices allready implemented or those that are in development. Some of the suport that might be used are: Newspapers (national, regional and local) Municipality website Local radio TV Juntas de Freguesia Municipality services Geographic and population scope: Country: Portugal Region: Algarve Area: 4.995,6 Km2 (~5% of the Portuguese Territory) Coastline Perimeter: 319 Km National Ecological Reserve» 2.778,5 Km2 Municipalities / Cities» 16 /11 Blue Flag beaches» 47 (2007) Annual average temperature» 18,1ºC (Faro) Municipal charges: Environment / Total» 12,7% (2004) Population: (2006 data) Pag. 6

8 Population density: 84,4 hab/km 2 (2006) Population in the coastal area: 70% (2001) Population in (11) towns» 44% (2001) Ageing index: 125 (2006) Area of study. Zoning: Microzoning. Figure 2 Algarve region location in Europe Macrozoning - The project is implemented in the whole city (Faro) Socioeconomic characteristics: The economy of the Algarve is based on three key sectors: tourism, which includes hotels and restaurants, construction and wholesale and retail trade. These sectors are nuclear in Algarve both for the staff they employ and for the wealth they generate. Tourism and services are the backbone activities of Algarve s economy. A growing economy that has been gaining importance in a national scope, with GDP per capita (EUR 14.9 thousand) and labour productivity (25.6 thousands per employed person) higher than the national average. Portugal has no administrative level between the central government and local authorities (municipalities). The regional level exists only for strategic planning considerations and EU funds management purposes. The authority that coordinates the regional management is the CCDR Algarve that follows guidelines from central Portuguese government. Internationally acknowledged as a tourist destination, Algarve is Portugal s main tourist region, decisively accounting for the internationalisation of the Portuguese economy. Annually hosting approximately 10 million visitors, in 2007 this region alone supported 36% of the national ranked hotel accommodation offer, 37% of Pag. 7

9 overnight stays (14.7 million overnights), representing also the most significant contribution (30.5%) to Portugal s establishments income. There is not any city in the Algarve with 100,000 inhabitants. The most populated cities are Loulé (66 085), Faro (58 675) and Portimão (50 454), representing respectively 15,23%, 13,52% and 11,62% of the total population of the region. Nevertheless the coastal cities are often referred as a linear metropolitan area. There are two groups of cities that for its proximity share the same conditions: Lagoa- Lagos-Portimao and Faro- Loulé-S. Brás Alportel- Olhão. The population density at the region is 70,1 inhabitants/km2, 65,3% are inhabitants between years old, 18,6% more than 65 years old and 16,1% are inhabitants between 0-14 years old. In the last decade, the Algarve was the region that had the largest population growth. The resident population rose from 395,218 (2001) to 450,484 (2011) inhabitants, which corresponds to a 14% increase, that is approximately 55,250 individuals, clearly distancing itself from both regions with the second and third largest growths, Madeira region (9.4%) and Lisbon (5.8%) and the average growth of the country (1.9%). It is noted that Algarve region contributes with 28% of the total growth of the country (1.9%). In terms of municipalities, population growth in the region was extremely uneven. The Region has the municipality with the largest decrease population among the 308 Portuguese national municipalities - Alcoutim, with a loss of population 23.2% - but has also 3 of the 12 municipalities with highest growth population in the country (over 20%): Albufeira, Portimão and Lagos (28.9%, 24.5% and 21.1%, respectively). By these reasons many consider the Algarve has a region with a two-speed growth, with a high dynamic above the regional average in the municipalities of "Barrocal" and bringing up the decline in the mountain villages and Northeast Algarve. The unemployment rate in the Algarve is 10,3% on which 11,5% are female and 24,6% are years individuals. The region has a trend to increase unemployment rate (same as the trend of the country). The net migration in 2006 was 14,6% and the birth rate was 11,7%. Use of private vehicles. Motorisation: In the Algarve, the motorization ratio in 2007 was 705,5 vehicles/1000 inhabitants. In 2001 the motorization ratio was 659, 6 vehicles/1000 inhabitants. In the region the ratio to use the car for travelling is 53% (in 1991 was 25%) Analysis of the mobility: In 2010, urban Public Transport connections handled a total of 1,228,330 passengers, higher by 7.7% compared with the value of 2009 and up 18.5% on the 2007 figure. That is, the careers that perform services in cities and in urban areas of the Algarve, depending on the creation of new routes, higher frequencies and also of greater demand from populations, have ensured constant and consolidated growth in terms passengers carried. Also in 2010, inter-urban connections handled a total of 6,853,997 passengers, a figure lower at 3.9% regarding the value of the previous year (2009) and 21.1% lower in the 2007 figure. Thus, contrary to Pag. 8

10 movement in the urban region links, public transport by road between the cities and clusters in the region presents a strong decrease in the last 4 years. Areas of study developed in the practice: The area of study developed in the practice is related with electro mobility charging infrastructure, mobility management and environmental issues (GHG). Timescale: The project has a permanent timescale Necessary human/economic/technologic resources and skills to realize and to manage the Best Practice: Monitoring and results: N.º of electric vehicles in the Region (adhesion tax) Charging energy consumption in charging points (kwh) New users entries. Possible success factors: Integrated recharging systems give the change to have interoperability between regions of Portugal (top down strategy). Integrating the Tourism sector with electro mobility may give an innovative aspect for the promotion of the region. Difficulties encountered: low penetration of electric vehicles into the system may biases the model of the charging system. Remarks: Pag. 9

11 ANNEX 1: ELECTRIC MOBILITY TYPE OF VEHICLE: Tram. Bus. Bicycle Car. Motorbike. Taxi. Delivery truck. TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VEHICLES: Figure 4 Speed vs Range actual electric vehicles Pag. 10

12 PERFORMANCE: Figure 5 Battery Energy Density vs Power of electric vehicles ENERGY NEEDS: Amount of energy (0,2 0,5 kwh/km). SUPPLY MODALITIES: Charging points: Distribution of the charging points: ENERGY SOURCES: From renewable energies (hydro, wind). From non-renewable energies. ELECTRICAL LOCAL POLICIES WHICH ARE ADOPTED IN THE MUNICIPALITY/REGION/COUNTRY: Pag. 11