Myanmar Energy Brief Issue November 2016

Transcription

1 Myanmar Energy Brief Issue November 2016 NEWS ANALYSIS DATA TENDERS COMPANIES Part of the Myanmar Energy Monitor IN THIS ISSUE Karpower Asia selected for power plant The runner up in last month s 300MW fast-track power tender has reportedly been tapped for another project Large-scale electricity outage after transmission line failure Much of the country plunged into darkness for several hours this week after a key transmission line failed No plans for coal power: Ministry official Government officials have made some of their firmest statements yet that coal power will not be moving forward under the National League for Democracy government ENERGY NUMBER OF THE WEEK 1954 The Baluchaung 2 hydropower project was originally constructed in It has since gone through several refurbishments financed by Japan. President U Htin Kyaw highlighted the project s history during a recent visit, weeks after Japan announced finance for other largescale hydropower repairs. Government nears decision on petrol station JV Ayeyarwady Region plans tender to add generation capacity Indian State governor pushes for Myanmar pipeline Two Thai firms plan fertiliser investments Yangon Region Minister pushes for electricity master plan Anti-Myitsone campaign claims large response President visits Baluchaung 2 Sagaing warns against illegal fuel sales Chin State to connect two more townships to grid Transformer installed in Mandalay s Madaya township Rakhine residents protest pipelines THIS WEEK S NEW TENDERS Supply of machinery and equipment to MOGE Tender for construction projects in Mon State THIS WEEK S NEW DATA Weekly fuel retail and import prices, November 2016 Fuel retail prices by city, November 2016 CALENDAR 4th Myanmar Power Summit 4th GMS (Myanmar) Power Summit & Expo 2016

2 Myanmar Energy Brief 4 November - 10 November Power and electricity Karpower Asia selected for power plant The Ministry of Electricity and Energy has selected Karpower Asia to move forward with its Yangon power plant, even after the company was declared runner-up for a fasttrack tender last month. The firm narrowly missed out on the 300MW fast-track tender, which was won by a consortium including National Infrastructure Holdings, MCM Pacific, APR Energy and Ace Resources Group. State-owned newspaper The Myawaddy said that generation capacity needs to increase by 450MW in order to meet demand by next summer. Previously, government officials have said they hope improvements at existing hydropower and gas-fired plants would add an additional 100MW to 200MW capacity by next summer. However, the article in The Myawaddy makes it clear that authorities feel the Karpower Asia project will also be required. Power and electricity Large-scale electricity outage after transmission line failure A large-scale failure of electricity distribution affected much of the country starting on 2 November at about 5pm, according to local media. Many places including parts of Yangon lost electricity for up to three hours, as the 230kV Mahar transmission lines between Taungoo and Tharyargone townships in Bago Region suffered a breakdown. Some parts of Yangon were able to receive electricity from local generation plants, though much of the city was in the dark during that period, an unnamed official from the Yangon Electricity Supply Corporation (YESC) was quoted as saying in an article by 7Days Daily. YESC also hopes more generation capacity will come online by next summer, though the recent outage highlight the decrepit state of much of the country s distribution and transmission network. Many of the city s streets were covered in darkness, while even Yangon International Airport had no power for 30 minutes during the outage. Karpower Asia was selected after both winners successfully negotiated the value of fees on energy distribution, the article said. It did not add more clarity on the exact nature of the project Karpower is to build, or on what timeline the project would be put into place. U San Yu, an official from the Ministry of Electricity and Energy, said that Yangon is responsible for about half of Myanmar s total electricity consumption, meaning it is especially hard-hit by outages. He added that there is a large programme ongoing of replacing transformers, while additional power is excepted to be generated from Shweli 1 as well as several natural gas-fired plants. In addition, a consortium including APR Energy recently won a tender for a fast-track 300MW project to arrive by next summer.

3 Myanmar Energy Brief 4 November - 10 November Power and electricity No plans for coal power: Ministry official The National League for Democracy (NLD) government will not move forward with coal power plants if the people say no, according to a 10 November article in The Myanmar Times. The article quoted an unnamed deputy permanent secretary of the Electricity and Energy Department as claiming there are no plans to pursue coal power. Whatever the last government may have done, we do not plan to implement coal energy. This government will do nothing that the people are opposed to, said the official, who asked that his name not be used, according to the article. Efforts to establish coal power plants were begun by the previous government. However, widespread local opposition appeared to put a stop to coal at the end of the Union Solidarity and Development Party s term, and so far there has been minimal signs of progress for coal under the current NLD government. Myanmar s lone large coal-powered plant at Tigyit in Shan State has begun a month-long period of testing, with a view to a potential restart of operations. Restarting the plant, which opened in 2005, has generate opposition protests and demonstrations. Government officials have claimed that the tests are for review only, and do not necessarily signal a restart on a permanent basis. Transportation and distribution Government nears decision on petrol station joint venture The winner of a joint venture contest to partner with state-owned Myanma Petroleum Products Enterprise (MPPE) to operate petrol stations is slated to be selected in third week of November, according to an 8 November article in 7Day Daily. A total of 14 foreign companies initially bought tender application forms, though only Indian Oil Corporation, Puma Energy and PT Pertamina are left in the race, according to the article. Idemitsu International (Asia) had also applied, but reportedly did not proceed to the final step. Both a winner and a runner-up are to be announced. After the announcement, the Ministry of Electricity and Energy will discuss the details of the joint venture and confirm the plans. Subsequent approvals will be required on a step-by-step basis, including the joint venture requiring parliamentary-level approval in order to receive permission to sign an agreement, the article said. This process is expected to take about six months. The Ministry of Electricity and Energy formerly operated a large fuel distribution network. In 2011, a total of 261 fuel retail outlets were privatised and the ministry largely exited the market. Its re-entry into the market is due to abnormal increases in fuel prices, according to the report.

4 Myanmar Energy Brief 4 November - 10 November Businesspeople are worried the new joint venture will provide significant competition to existing businesses, particularly as it will team up the government and the first foreign company allowed into the market. The article added that there are currently about 16 private companies importing fuel, and another 2,000 different retail outlets. Power and electricity Ayeyarwady Region plans tender to add generation capacity Ayeyarwady Region is pushing for more smallscale power producers to locate in the area in an effort to boost electricity supply, according to an article in 7Days Daily. Regional Minister for Construction, Electricity, Transport and Communication U Win Htay held a meeting on 6 November with representatives from 12 private companies, along with Pathein township s Electrical Engineering Department as well as government officials and experts. The minister sought input on what types of generation and fuel can be used for power plants in the region, and how long it will take to implement projects. He added that regional authorities have authority to approve projects of up to 30MW, and if they are larger they need approval from the Union government. The meeting came ahead of a possible tender for a power plant, though the date of the tender was not discussed in the article. Currently, Ayeyarwady Region is largely powered via Yangon, though rising local demand requires more local generation capacity. During the term of the previous government, a coal-fired plant was proposed for Ayeyarwady s Ngapudaw township. However, the project appears to have been rejected due to concerns over damage to the surrounding area and to the health of local residents, according to the article. Production and exports Indian State governor pushes for Myanmar pipeline The governor of the northeast Indian state of Tripura is pushing for a common natural gas network connecting India, Bangladesh and Myanmar, according to an article in The Assam Tribune. Governor Thagata Roy said that Bangladesh and Myanmar have tremendous gas reserves, and that common pipelines could be installed for mutual benefit. Meanwhile, Tripura has some gas reserves, and is planning further exploration activities, the report said. Indian and Bangladesh leaders have made several proposals for pipelines connected with Myanmar, though none have yet been built. Last month, Bangladesh officials said they will seek India s assistance to import natural gas from Myanmar, even as the latter s exports to Thailand have declined. Bangladesh has proposed a four nation consortium also including Myanmar, India, and an unspecified fourth country to import gas from Myanmar, according to Bangladesh Power, Energy and Mineral Resources Ministry senior information officer Mir Mohammad Aslam Uddin. There is also a power plant located in Myanaung township, though further details were not discussed.

5 Myanmar Energy Brief 4 November - 10 November Production and exports Two Thai firms plan fertiliser investments Two Thai companies are planning to invest in Myanmar fertiliser import and production, according to an 8 November article in Deal Street Asia. Thai Central Chemical Public Company (TCCC) and CPP Fertilizer Co are planning to invest a combined $23m in two separate projects, the article said. TCCC will invest in Thilawa Special Economic Zone where nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertiliser and single fertiliser will be imported, repacked and sold at a wholesale level, according to the article. The firm opened its Yangon representative office in August Meanwhile, CPP Fertilizer will invest $10.5m in manufacture and sale of fertiliser, the article added. Myanmar also has a number of formerly or presently state-owned facilities. Three of the current state facilities have suspended operations due to a lack of feedstock, but plan to return to operating when gas production increases. Myanma Petrochemical Enterprise owns five fertiliser facilities, including the three which have suspended operation. Power and electricity Yangon Region Minister pushes for electricity master plan Yangon Region Minister U Phyo Min Thein said the city s poor transmission and distribution network is largely to blame for power outages, while a Master Plan ought to be developed to improve the situation, according to an article in state-owned Myanma Ahlin. While it is true that supply in the peak summer season is insufficient, the reason behind frequent power outages in more recent weeks is poor transmission and distribution infrastructure, he reportedly said. Some transmission cables are over 50 years old, degrading their efficiency. There are also technical weaknesses and dishonesty in the distribution of electric power. U Phyo Min Thein said that to solve the problem in a short period of time, concerned public and private sector officials ought to figure out a Master Plan. He also said that Japanese-owned Energy Support Corporation and its local partner Same Sky will cooperate as a joint venture to construct a factory making electrical bulbs and fuses, labelled as Made in Myanmar. The venture will be located in Hlaing Tharyar township, and its products will be used not only in Myanmar but also other ASEAN countries, he said.

6 Myanmar Energy Brief 4 November - 10 November Communities Anti-Myitsone campaign claims large response Anti-Myitsone complainers say they have managed to get 170,000 people to "Like" their campaign in the two days since it launched, according to an article in 7Day Daily. The campaign includes well-known meteorologist Dr Tun Lwin. A petition launched by the campaign has also attracted over 5,000 signatures. Dr Tun Lwin reportedly said that it is important for decision-makers such as the President, State Counsellor, and the commission investigating Myitsone to be able to understand the public opinion. Government and local authorities President visits Baluchaung 2 President U Htin Kyaw led a delegation including the Ministers of Electricity and Energy, of Labour, Population and Immigration, and of Commerce to visit the Baluchaung 2 Hydropower Plant in Kayah State, according to the Global New Light of Myanmar. The visit comes days after Japan s Ministry of Foreign Affairs announced a long-term, low interest loan of up to 10.7bn ($104m) for the related Baluchaung No 1 Hydroelectric Plant as well as the Sedawgyi Hydroelectric Plan in Mandalay Region. The campaign to collect signatures and Facebook Likes began at 6pm on 31 October. The results are to be shared with government officials. The campaign was launched partly due to dissatisfaction on the Commission investigating whether or not to allow Myitsone to continue. It has travelled to Kachin State to discuss the topic with stakeholders, but some local groups claimed they did not feel adequately represented. The article added that is likely the opposition to hydropower on the Ayeyarwady River will continue even if Myitsone is cancelled, as there are an estimated 10 potential sites on the river. The commission was formed in August, and is to submit a report by 11 November on whether the suspended Myitsone project should continue. The Baluchaung 2 hydro-electric power plant was originally built in 1954 by Japan's Marubeni as part of the post-world War II reparation agreement. It was upgraded in 1980 with assistance from a JICA-funded ODA loan and provided 10% of Myanmar's electrical power in It was upgraded again in 2015 with a $68m Japanese grant, with the upgrades complete in March U Htin Kyaw s stop at Baluchaung 2 was part of his visit to Kayah State, where the dam is located. During his visit to the state, he also went to Dimawsho township, where electricity was a topic of discussion. The Facebook post, which has gone viral, is at posts/

7 Myanmar Energy Brief 4 November - 10 November Transportation and distribution Sagaing warns against illegal fuel sales Sagaing township authorities have ordered illegal fuel retailers to be shut down by 15 November, according to an article in 7Day Daily. The order takes particular aim at the trucks that are outfitted with pumps and containers that serve as a kind of mobile fuel station. The Sagaing Administration and Planning Committee, which is the municipal authority in Sagaing township, has promised to take action if their orders are not followed, according to the article. Danger arises from poor safety standards, with the possibility of fire emanating from the vehicles. The vehicle-based systems are particularly dangerous as they often operate from batteries or generators rather than shore power, according to the article. An unnamed Sagaing official was quoted as saying that each retailer has been ordered to halt their illegal practices. Community leader U Aung San Oo said that local people will be able to tolerate the situation until the 15 November deadline. The article added that another five retailers had already been arrested and fined Ks50,000 each. However, this appeared to happen in Mandalay rather than Sagaing. Power and electricity Chin State to connect two more townships to grid The Chin State government is planning to bring electric power to two more townships in the fiscal year, meaning five townships will have grid power, according to an article in The Voice. Hakha, Falam and Htantlang townships already have access to the grid, and Kanpetlet and Mindat are due for access soon, said Chin State minister of electricity and industry U Salai Isaac Khen, according to the article. In , it is planned that Chin State s last townships of Tiddim, Matupi, Tonzang and Kale townships will be hooked up to the grid, though plans still await approval of the Union government. Authorities are also looking at plans to install small and medium hydropower projects rather than installing transmission lines to some of the remote townships. Chin State is mountainous and sparsely populated, and many of the towns are powered by expensive generators. Production and exports Transformer installed in Mandalay s Madaya township A new 11/0.4KV transformer has been installed by Mandalay Electricity Supply Corporation in Madaya township as part of efforts to increase electricity connectivity, according to an article in Union Daily journal. The transformer will be used by about 500 electricity consumers, and is connected to the Madaya Substation. It was installed by New Ever Light Company and the Madaya Electricity Manager Office, and includes distribution improvements.

8 Myanmar Energy Brief 4 November - 10 November Madaya was previously the scene of a defamation case, where an official with the local electricity office sued a journalist from the Myanmar Times after he wrote an article alleging corruption in the awarding of a contract to the official s wife s company. Daw Kyi Kyi Hnin, a member of the Kyaukphyu Rural Development Association, said CNPC has been quiet, and not provided any solution for farmers. The reporter was found guilty, receiving a fine of Ks10,000. The Union Daily article also said that a new transformer will be installed in Yaminthin township, Mandalay Region. Communities Rakhine residents protest pipelines About 200 farmers held a protest aim at land damage and financial losses cause by the cross-myanmar oil and gas pipeline project, according to a 7 November article in Daily Eleven. The farmers are attempting to claim indemnity payments in return for the confiscated and degraded farmland. The farmers gathered at Kyaukphyu township s Kantkawtaw Pagoda, and marched in front of the offices of pipeline majority owners CNPC. It is not only Kyaukphyu that is the scene of concern. Residents of Ann township, also in Rakhine State, have been petitioning for indemnities from the pipelines running through their farmland. There have been various attempts to form committees to address the issue in Ann township, though both sides appear to have been unhappy with the results. Some 21 farmers are claiming indemnities for 18 acres of farmland, campaign leader Daw Kyi Kyi Hnin reportedly said. She added that the campaign has been ongoing since May, and that protestors are disappointed with the company s response. China National Petroleum Corporation is the majority owner of the South East Asia Gas Pipeline and South East Asia Oil Pipeline, which run from the coast of Rakhine State through central Myanmar to southwestern China.

9 Myanmar Energy Brief 4 November - 10 November NEW TENDERS Organisation Description Deadline Contact Myanma Oil and Gas Enterprise under Ministry of Electricity and Energy invites companies to submit bids to supply the following items for oil extraction and production projects. Myanma Oil and Gas Enterprise Tender No. Description Remark IFB-064(16-17) Assorted Sizes of Casting Centralizer(4) Items $ IFB-065(16-17) Spares for Aspro Compressor(89) Items $ IFB-066(16-17) Spares for Synchronizing Panel Ex Gas Generator(14) Items $ IFB-067(16-17) Spares for Rotary Swivel (Wash Pipe & Packing) (5) Items $ IFB-068(16-17) Spares for ZJ 50D Drawwork (71) Items $ DMP/L-014(16-17) Electrical Spares (3) Items for ZJ 50D Sr-I Rig Ks 7/12/2016 Ministry of Electricity and Energy, Myanma Oil and Gas Enterprise, Office(44), Naypyitaw Contact: , Tender must be submitted in person. Electricity Distribution Enterprise Electricity Distribution Enterprise under the Ministry of Electricity and Energy invites bids for three civil construction projects on a turnkey basis. Tender application forms must be submitted at State Electricity Distribution Enterprise, Electric Engineering Office, Mawlamyine township, Mon State not later than 4pm on 2 December. 2/12/2016 Tender Calling Committee, Mon State Electric Engineering Office, Mawlamyine township. Contact: , ,

10 Myanmar Energy Brief 4 November - 10 November OPEN TENDERS Organisation Description Deadline Contact Electric Power Generation Enterprise Electric Power Generation Enterprise under the Ministry of Electricity and Energy is calling for bids to sell 26 used diesel generators from eastern of Shan State. The sale will take place under a tender system. Tender applications can be purchased at the Electrical Engineering office of Shan State, Kengtung Township, eastern Shan State. 11/11/2016 Tender Selling Commission, Engineering Office of Shan State, Kengtung Tsp. Contact: Yangon Electricity Supply Enterprise under the Ministry of Electricity and Energy invites companies to submit bids the following items. Bids must be submitted in Myanmar kyats. Yangon Electricity Supply Enterprise Tender No. 18(T)/ YESC/ (T)/ YESC/16-17 Description machinery and equipment for 66KV and 33KV powerline construction at Planning Department required equipment for related projects in the construction of substations 15/11/2016 Planning Department, Yangon Electricity Supply Enterprise, Ministry of Electricity and Energy, Yangon. Contact:

11 Myanmar Energy Brief 4 November - 10 November OPEN TENDER Organisation Description Deadline Contact The Republic of the Union Of Myanmar received a credit from the Official Development Association (ODA) of the Japan International Coorperation Agency (JICA) toward the cost of the Urgent Rehabilitation and Upgrade Project (Phase 1)(MY-P2). The funds will be used for Package 2 "Renovation Works of Transmission System" which includes rehabilitation work to four substations at the existing gas turbine power plants (Ahlone, Hlawga, Ywama and Thaketa) in Yangon Region. Electric Power Generation Enterprise (EPGE) intends to prequalify contractors for supply and rehabilitating of the four substations. Invitations for bids will be made after prequalification. Prequalification will be conducted in keeping with JICA's procedures. The prequalification notice includes the following content: Urgent rehabilitation and upgrade, "Renovation 1. Package Name Works of Transmission System" 2. Document issuance time 10:00 to 15:30 on 4 November Document fee Ks 300, Closing date & time 26 December 2016 by 14hrs Electric Power Generation Enterprise (EPGE) 26/12/2016 Thermal Power Department, Electric Power Generation Enterprise (EPGE), Building No.27, Naypyitaw. Applications must be submitted at the Procurement Department, Electric Power Generation Enterprise, Ministry of Electricity and Energy, Building No 27, Naypyitaw. Contacts: Fax: epgethermal@gmail.com Remarks: Applications for prequalification should be submitted in sealed envelopes, and be clearly marked as "Application to Prequalify for Renovation Work to Four Substations in Yangon Region (ICB EPGE-G-02)".

12 Myanmar Energy Brief 4 November - 10 November OPEN TENDER Organisation Description Deadline Contact The Union of Myanmar Federation of Chambers of Commerce and Industry (UMFCCI) invites companies that are eager to invest on the following projects for the Thilawa Residential and Commercial Area of Thilawa Property Development situated in Thanlyin and Kyauktan Townships, Yangon. 1. No(1) fuel enterprise (retail & wholesale) 2. No(2) fuel enterprise (retail & wholesale) Interested applicants must submit the following legal documents laying out investment, design, creation and construction. The documents must also discuss related projects for the two locations of the fuel enterprises. The Union of Myanmar Federation of Chambers of Commerce and Industry (UMFCCI) (1) Applicants must have the legal licence that is currently active for dealing with fuel enterprise. (2) Applicants have to submit proposals dealing with the distribution of fuel oil. 25/11/2016 Myanmar Thilawa SEZ Holdings Public Limited, Roofttop Floor, No(29), UMFCCI, Minye Kyaw Swar Street, Lanmadaw Tsp, Yangon. Contact: , , sales.mtsh@gmail.com (3) 1bn Myanmar Kyats ($780,000) must submited in the submitted process as initial guaranteed cash for each location of the fuel enterprises. If the bid fails, the initial guaranteed value will be repaid. (4) Thilawa Property Development Limited will be supply the Project Location, Project Layout and Project Scope by the time the proposal form is purchased. (5) The proposal forms can be purchased starting on 3 November The closing date is 25 November (6) Detailed information and proposal application forms are available. They can be purchased at a cost of Ks100,000 for each fuel enterprise at Myanmar Thilawa SEZ Holdings Public Limited, Roofttop Floor, No(29), UMFCCI, Minye Kyaw Swar Street, Lanmadaw Tsp, Yangon.

13 Myanmar Energy Brief 4 November - 10 November OPEN TENDERS Organisation Description Deadline Contact The Hydropower Implementation Department The Hydropower Implementation Department of Ministry of Electricity and Energy invites companies to build equipment ware house (80mx17m) and its associated projects, and penstock workshop (22mx50m) and its associated projects. Bids should be made in Myanmar Kyats. Technical and price proposals must be submitted not later than 15:00 hrs on 11 October. 28/11/2016 Hydropower Implementation Department, Office (27), Naypyitaw. Contact: (+95) Fax: (+95) Electricity Supply Enterprise Electricity Supply Enterprise under Ministry of Electricity and Energy wants to purchase with the following items including the delivery till DDP (At Site). Bids should be submitted in Myanmar Kyats. Tender No. Description Quantity 17/11/2016 Electricity Supply Enterprise, Office (27), Naypyitaw Contact: (+95) , (+95) /EPGE/ '' Gas Pipe /EPGE/ ", 90'Bend 2 18/EPGE/ ", 45'Bend 2 18/EPGE/ " x 4" Reducer 3

14 Myanmar Energy Brief 4 November - 10 November THIS WEEK S NEW DATA Retail fuel prices by week, October-November 2016 W/E 24 Oct W/E 31 Oct W/E 3 Nov W/E 7 Nov Diesel Ks. 630 Ks. 650 Ks. 650 Ks. 650 Octane 95 Ks. 690 Ks. 690 Ks. 690 Ks. 705 Octane 92 Ks. 640 Ks. 650 Ks. 650 Ks Diesel Octane 95 Octane Sep 2-Oct 8-Oct 14-Oct 20-Oct 26-Oct 1-Nov 7-Nov Source: Myanmar Petroleum Trade Association. Myanmar Ks per litre Note: The original source refers to the figures as "fuel prices". According to our surveys of petrol stations, they are largely in line with retail prices in Yangon. The source notes that retail prices may vary from location to location due to transportation costs.

15 Myanmar Energy Brief 4 November - 10 November THIS WEEK S NEW DATA Imported fuel prices by week, October November 2016 W/E 21 Oct W/E 28 Oct W/E 1 Nov W/E 4 Nov Octane 92 Ks. 599 Ks. 603 Ks. 603 Ks. 576 Diesel Ks. 604 Ks. 608 Ks. 608 Ks Octane 92 Diesel Oct 5-Oct 9-Oct 13-Oct 17-Oct 21-Oct 25-Oct 29-Oct 2-Nov Source: Myanmar Petroleum Trade Association. Myanmar Ks per litre Note: The original source refers to the figures as "fuel prices". According to our surveys of petrol stations, they are largely in line with retail prices in Yangon. The source notes that retail prices may vary from location to location due to transportation costs.

16 Myanmar Energy Brief 4 November - 10 November THIS WEEK S NEW DATA Cities Average retail prices of fuel in Myanmar (Kyat/Gallon) 1 November 3 November 4 November 7 November Petrol Diesel Petrol Diesel Petrol Diesel Petrol Diesel Yangon 2,950 2,950 2,950 2,950 2,950 2,950 2,950 2,950 Pyimana 3,150 3,050 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 Lewe 3,100 3,050 3,100 3,050 3,200 3,100 3,200 3,100 Tatkone 3,100 3,000 3,100 3,000 3,100 3,000 3,100 3,000 Source: Myanmar Petroleum Trade Association

17 Myanmar Energy Brief 4 November - 10 November CALENDAR 4th Myanmar Power Summit November, Melia Hotel, Yangon 4th GMS (Myanmar) Power Summit & Expo November - 1 December, Sule Shangri-La Hotel, Yangon ABOUT US The Myanmar Energy Brief and the Myanmar Energy Monitor are produced by Frontier Myanmar Research Ltd. Myanmar address Office 12, Building 27 Shwe Ohn Pin Yan Shin Street Yankin Township Yangon, Myanmar London address (Frontier MEA Ltd) International House 24 Holborn Viaduct London EC1A 2BN United Kingdom Subscription enquiries Antoine Drogoul antoine.drogoul@frontiermyanmar.com Myat Noe Han myat.noehan@frontiermyanmar.com Myanmar Energy Brief subscription rates One year: $2,200 Myanmar Energy Monitor subscription rates (includes Energy Brief and full website access) One year: $3,900 Rates are subject to 5% Myanmar sales tax where applicable