Vision 2020: 15% EVs in Switzerland. How to foster this development?

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1 Vision 2020: 15% EVs in Switzerland. How to foster this development? Dr Philippe Méan, Head of R&D, Alpiq Business Development INFOVEL Mendrisio 2010, April 23rd 2010 Alpiq Number 1 in Switzerland Present in 29 european countries Cumulated turnover CHF 16 billions Workforce of more than 10,000 (Switzerland > 5,000) Number one on the Swiss electric market Number 6 in Europe INFOVEL MobiliTI 2

2 Index 1. Switzerland as a show case in Europe for EVs 2. Vision Recharging infrastructure for Vision Switzerland as a showcase in Europe for EVs

3 Swiss electricity generation mix Swiss electric generation mix is practically free of CO 2 57% of the Swiss electricity is produced from hydro resources, while the remaining 38% comes from nuclear plants The Swiss generation mix will remain CO 2 free since additional capacity will be: Renewable (hydro, wind solar) CCGT (with an obligation to offset 100% CO 2 emissions) Nuclear INFOVEL MobiliTI 5 Swiss EVs have a tremendous comparative advantage on ICEs With the low carbon Swiss electricity, a typical EV emits less than: 7 gco 2 /km (generation mix) respectively 23 gco 2 /km (consumption mix) The reduction reaches: 160 gco 2 /km, compared to Swiss fleet average more than 100 gco 2 /km compared to EU-target 2015 INFOVEL MobiliTI 6

4 2. Vision 2020 Vision % of EVs (BEVs and PHEVs ) in the Swiss car fleet by 2020 About EVs An additional reduction of CO2 emissions of private traffic by 10% in 2020, (that is 1.2 million tco2/year) Low increase in electricity demand about TWh ( %) INFOVEL MobiliTI 8

5 Vision 2020 The 2020 Vision is not a forecast but a strategic scenario depending on 3 conditions : Condition 1 OEMs Attractive and competitive EVs supplied in sufficient volumes on the Swiss market Condition 2 Govermental incentives. Condition 3 Infrastructure Meeting the Climate challenge, reducing pollutants from transport, reducing oil dependency, reducing noise in cities : societal choices expressed by political decisions intrisinc value for the society this value has to be translated in Gov. Incentives Adequate recharging infrastructure INFOVEL MobiliTI 9 Planning Market resposne Constructor (OEMs) Political incentives Recharge infrastructure 10

6 4. Constructeurs automobiles (OEMs) 11 Roadmap towards OEMS: Switzerland as showroom Convince OEMs that Switzerland could play a pioneering role in the development of electric individual mobility for the following reasons: quality of swiss electricity density of its car fleet and territorial organization willingness-to-pay for new and clean car strengh of its transport and distribution network Participate to EVs fleet experimentations in real life conditions in Pooling of fleet tests to get more visibility (e.g. coalition of cities) INFOVEL MobiliTI 12

7 5. Political support 13 Meeting the Swiss Climate Challenge implies a significant reduction of CO2 in the transport sector uilding Improvement lectric mobility BEVs & PHEVs) uration: uration: éduction CO2: t/an per housing éduction CO2:.7 t/an per EVs oal 2020: oal 2020: IAMF 2010 P.Méan 14

8 Political federal roadmap No additional fiscal charge on EV s till 2020 No new mobility tax to replace the mineral oil tax 10% Fiscal income from mineral oils is hardly impacted till 2020 by the massive uptake of EVs of Vision 2020: négligible , 1% in average weak , 10 % in average 1% Foreseen increase of fiscal burden necessary for infrastructure improvement tax differential in favor of Evs Introduce a bonus system for clean vehicle (e.g under 95 gco2/km or less ) INFOVEL MobiliTI 15 Political roadmap Lower or suppress Canton matriculation tax for EVs (e.g Total exemption of VEs, like the model of Canton of Zürich) Standardize Canton EVs incentives program Total revision of the environmental tag for new cars (the present project of Umwelt Etiquette discriminates VEs) Promotion of VEs by fleet public entities (Cantons, communes) Promotion of public recharging stations by public entities (Cantons, communes) INFOVEL MobiliTI 16

9 6. Recharge infrastructure 17 Role of Alpiq The Swiss electric branch (and specially the 800 distributors) has a major role to play for supplying the electricity for the EVs recharge. The recharge infrastructure must be optimally integrated in the existing electricity infrastructure. Unnecessary investments on the grid must be avoided Alpiq sees its role as a national EV facilitator, contributing to the design and promotion of the necessary recharging infrastructure, that is: Private slow charging (at home) Public slow charging (open to third party customers) Public Quick charging stations Given the great number of players involved, a common framework for strategic planning is needed. INFOVEL MobiliTI 18

10 Optimization needed for global system grid-infrastructure-evs Retroaction INFOVEL MobiliTI 19 Who are potential EV first adopters? Potential customer segments for EVs penetration in CH COST of EVs ECONOMY OF SCALE Mass production of EVs 63 % Activists Doers Money savers Source: customer segmentation, CH energy market survey Alpiq mai 2009, INFOVEL MobiliTI 2010

11 Sleep & Charge, the most convenient and cheapest charge mode, as the base solution for Switzerland Oviously, an EV adopter: is a buyer of a new car In Switzerland, male 3 times on for, 50 years old, with an income higher than average, owning on average 1.47 cars has a direct access to a plug The target of EV first adopters are Swiss households : buying new cars with an income higner than average Owning more than one car Living in an individual house with a private parking place Swiss households (21%) have a direct access to a near plug INFOVEL MobiliTI Roadmap: infrastructure for Vision 2020 Type Caracteristics Fonction 2020 Hypothesis : 20 kwh battery VE Home charge Device Slow charge AC 16 A x1 3,5 kw, 8h during the night SLEEP & CHARGE Public stations Companies Shops On the curb Accelerated charge AC 32 A x1 16Ax2 ou x3 7 kw-12 kw, <4h during office hours WORK & CHARGE SHOP & CHARGE Fast Charge station Emergency recharge DC 55 kw (or AC 63Ax3, 44 kw) pour 80 % COFFEE & CHARGE 150 INFOVEL MobiliTI 22

12 Sleep & Charge Home Charge Device (HCD) 23 The Alpiq Home Charge Device (HCD) Designed as a household appliance: a standard plug with sufficient power is all you need It is MODE 3 compliant and offers following advantages: For the EV user Safe and comfortable operation of the charging process (no adapters, compliant with all safety standards) For the grid operator Peak shaving and load leveling for the grid operator, load interruptibility For the car manufacturer/importer Charging process complies with all legislations Device branding reinforces long term brand loyalty INFOVEL MobiliTI 24

13 Spatial distribution of Sleep & Charge points Sleep & Charge points are mostly located in small cities and villages, not in large cities Zurich Bâle Berne Genève Lausanne Solde Solde 91% INFOVEL MobiliTI 25 Work & Charge, Shop & Charge Public recharge stations

14 Public charging stations in Switzerland The parking fee is usually 4 times greater than the electricity recharging cost Simple solution for electricity billing must be preferred. Electricity paiement: Included in emploiement contract (Work& Charge) For free or by duration for public restricted access poles(shop & Charge ) Access right for public unresticted poles on the curb (e.g Park& Ride annual lump sum) Avoid complex systems for billing (e.g roaming) INFOVEL MobiliTI 27 Localisation of public charging stations 26 % of full time motorised employees have a parking place on their working place Work & Charge stations in cities will be found in areas where the number of employees is larger than the number of residents Public parking lots are a good target for Shop & Charge stations INFOVEL MobiliTI 28

15 Fast charge stations ( Coffee and Charge) Source: TEPCO INFOVEL MobiliTI 29 Preliminary localisation of fast charge stations ( Coffee & Charge) 30

16 Conclusions Given the great number of players involved, a common basis for strategic planning is needed to forster EVs in Switzerland The Vision 2020 and the corresponding description of the Recharge infrastructure for Vision 2020 provide this general framework Both are meant to be preliminary tools for a common analysis of an uncertain future. Alpiq hopes to have already contributed to a cleaner mobility future for Switzerland with this contribution. INFOVEL MOBILITI 31 Thank you for your attention. Dr Philippe Méan, Head of R&D, Alpiq Business Development phone +41 (0) philippe.mean@alpiq.com