ACTIONS FOR A SUSTAINABLE URBAN TRANSPORT IN AFRICA

Transcription

1

2 ACTIONS FOR A SUSTAINABLE URBAN TRANSPORT IN AFRICA CISSE YSSOUFOU SECRETARY GENERAL UATP

3 1. Status and dynamics of urbanization 2. Institutions and policy instruments in place to lead 3. Challenges and gaps 4. Priority actions for a sustainable urban mobility 5. Urban transport best practices

4 1. Status and dynamics of urbanization 2. Institutions and policy instruments in place to lead 3. Challenges and gaps 4. Priority actions for a sustainable urban mobility 5. Urban transport best practices

5 The future of earth will be urban demand for passengers AND goods mobility expected to triple by 2050 The world is becoming increasingly urban Urban and rural population, [m people %] Urban passenger mobility demand explodes Urban passenger mobility demand, [trillions person-km p.a. %] Urban goods mobility demand explodes Urban goods mobility demand, [trillions of ton-km p.a. %] % +64% ,1 28,5 52% 60% 67% CAGR ,4% p. a. +68% 43,2 2,6x +83% 17,4 3,0x 25,8 9,5 48% 40% 33% CAGR ,2% p.a Urban Rural Source: UN Population Division, Schäfer/ Victor 2000, Cosgrove/ Cargett 2007, Arthur D. Little

6 Urbanization data of selected cities (Trans Africa project 2010) Selected cities Western Africa: Abidjan (Côte d Ivoire) Accra (Ghana) Dakar (Senegal) Lagos (Nigeria) Central Africa: Douala (Cameroon) Eastern Africa: Addis Ababa (Ethiopia) Dar es Salaam (Tanzania) Nairobi (Kenya) Southern Africa: Johannesburg (South Africa) Windhoek (Namibia)

7 GDP, Population, Area, Car Fleet ABIDJAN ACCRA ADDIS ABABA DAKAR DAR ES SALAM GDP (Euro) Population Area (km2) Urbanised area (km2) Human density (Area) Total car fleet car/1000 habi 47,3 70,5 39,2 6,5 72,9 DOUALA JOHANNESBURG LAGOS NAIROBI WINDHOEK GDP (Euro) Population Area (km2) Urbanised area (km2) Human density (Area) Total car fleet car/1000 habi 60,4 241,3 23,1 109,5 113,9 Source: Trans Africa 2010

8 1. Status and dynamics of urbanization 2. Institutions and policy instruments in place to lead 3. Challenges and gaps 4. Priority actions for a sustainable urban mobility 5. Urban transport best practices

9 CITIES COUNTRIES AUTORITIES 2010 Ministry of transport, AGETU (no Abidjan Côte d'ivoire longer exist since 2012) Ministry of transport, DVLA, NRSC, Accra Ghana MMDAS Ministry of Infrastructures, Land and Dakar Senegal Air Transports, CETUD Lagos Nigeria Ministry of transport, LAMATA, FCTA Ministry of transport and Addis-Abbaba Ethiopia Communications Ministry of Infrastructures Development, Department of Communications and Transport, Dar Es Salam Tanzania SUMATRA, DART Ministry of transport, Transport Licencing Board (TLB), Nairobi City Nairobi Kenya Council Ministry of transport, Ministry of Douala Cameroon Finance, city of Douala Johannesburg South Africa Windhoek Namibia Source: Trans Africa 2010 National Department of Transport, Provincial, Local Departments Ministry of Communications and Transport AUTHORITIES 2015 (TO BE UPDATED) Department of Roads and Transport, City Councils, GMA, PRASA

10 1. Status and dynamics of urbanization 2. Institutions and policy instruments in place to lead 3. Challenges and gaps 4. Priority actions for a sustainable urban mobility 5. Urban transport best practices

11 Urban mobility systems are confronted with NEW CHALLENGES Planet People Profit Air pollutions CO2 emissions Noise Increasing ecological footprint Traffic chaos & traffic jam Traffic safety Decreasing quality of life and convenience Overloaded infrastructures Insufficient public transport capacities Increasing motorization Limited parking places Paradigm shift required to satisfy urban mobility demand!

12 CURRENT SITUATION The poor low levels of all types of access ACCESS to information ACCESS to education (and other primary services) ACCESS employment ACCESS to affordable mobility

13 CURRENT SITUATION TRANSPORT MODAL SHARE IN THE CITIES 2010 WINDHOEK NAIROBI LAGOS JOHANNESBURG DOUALA DAR ES SALAM DAKAR ADDIS ABABA ACCRA ABIDJAN 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Private Car Bus Minibus & Shared taxi Motorcycle taxis Private Taxis Cycling & Walking Source: Trans Africa 2010

14 CURRENT SITUATION RAPID GROWTH OF INFORMAL SECTOR (MINI BUSES) Abidjan : gbakas Harare : commuters buses Nairobi : matatus Source: SITRASS

15 CURRENT SITUATION RAPID GROWTH OF INFORMAL SECTOR (MINI BUSES) 2500 Taxis D urunis M inibus BAMAKO Source: SITRASS

16 1. Status and dynamics of urbanization 2. Institutions and policy instruments in place to lead 3. Challenges and gaps 4. Priority actions for a sustainable urban mobility 5. Urban transport best practices

17 RETHINK THE SYSTEM Four dimensions to be Considered by cities to shape mobility systems of tomorrow Source : Arthur System-level D. Little framework & for UITP urban FUM mobility 2.0 policies Mobility Supply (solutions & lifestyles) 4 1 Visionary Strategy & Eco-system 2 3 Mobility Demand Management Public Transport Financing System-level approach Policy imperatives for cities of different maturity stages can be clustered around 4 dimensions System-level approach required: Sustainable improvement of mobility performance requires simultaneous improvement on each dimension the weakest link will influence overall mobility performance

18 1- TO HAVE CLEAR VISION To integrate sustainable transport into the region s development and planning processes, and increase the amount of funding going to sustainable transport programs in Africa. Improved access to transport, reduced air pollution and climate emissions, and improved road safety and health. 18 UITP

19 2- TO ACCEPT THE CONCEPT OF SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY Source: WBCSD (Core Publication), Tomorrow s Markets: Global Trends & Their Implications for Business, April 1, 2002.

20 3- TO ESTABLISH POWERFUL TRANSPORT AUTHORITIES A transport authority must establish and hold power in order to be able to drive the transport agenda and related investment. The power that successful transport authorities have is made up of three components: LEGISLATION FINANCE STANDARDS The scale of the transformation needed is such that the transport authority must have all the necessary delivery tools at its disposal. UITP

21 4- LONG TERM STRATEGY/POLICY What is holding back changes? Mobility vision and policies not fulfilling requirements AND lack of system-level collaboration and innovation 1 Mobility visions and policies do not cover requirements A lot of mature cities do not have a clear vision and strategy on how their mobility systems should look like in the future Lack of integration between different transport modes, across different urban policies (environment, land planning, energy, social policy) and across regions leading to suboptimal outcome in terms of performance 2 Lack of system-level collaboration and innovation Current mobility systems do not sufficiently adapt to changing demands, combining single steps of the mobility value chain into an integrated system Actors of the mobility ecosystem do not collaborate sufficiently to foster lateral learning and jointly develop innovative mobility solutions Need for cities to develop a LT political mobility vision and policies AND for system level collaboration to come up with innovative ecosystems and mobility solutions

22 1. Status and dynamics of urbanization 2. Institutions and policy instruments in place to lead 3. Challenges and gaps 4. Priority actions for a sustainable urban mobility 5. Urban transport best practices

23 This. Or this choice.

24 (2009) 68 BRT implemented or planned 2 BRT IN AFRICA Source: UITP 11 USA-Canada 15 Latin America 20 Europe 161 st AfDB + Transport Asia Forum 4 Australia-New Zealand Novembre Africa 2015 Abidjan

25 (2015): URBAN TRANSPORT PROJECTS IMPLEMENTED OR PLANNED IN AFRICAN CITIES 13 BRT 2 Tram 2 Train 2 Cable car 6 South Africa 2 Nigeria 1 Tanzania 1 Kenya 1 Senegal 1 Ghana 1 Ethiopia Nigeria Ethiopia South Africa Nigeria Côte d Ivoire South Africa Nigeria - TRANSFORMATION OF INFORMAL MINIBUSES - NMT - CLEAN BUS FLEET

26 RESISTENCE TO INOVATIVE PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION HOW TO GET THE COMMITMENT OF ALL?? THE KEY TO SUCCESS

27

28 3 - OVERVIEW OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT FLEET Source: Trans Africa 2010 BUS FLEET 2010 Minibus Fleet 2010 WINDHOEK NAIROBI LAGOS JOHANNESBURG DOUALA DAR ES SALAM DAKAR ADDIS ABABA ACCRA ABIDJAN WINDHOEK NAIROBI LAGOS JOHANNESBURG DOUALA 550 DAR ES SALAM DAKAR ADDIS ABABA ACCRA ABIDJAN Shared Taxis Fleet 2010 FLEET OF PRIVATE CAR 2010 WINDHOEK NAIROBI LAGOS JOHANNESBURG DOUALA DAR ES SALAM DAKAR ADDIS ABABA ACCRA ABIDJAN WINDHOEK NAIROBI LAGOS JOHANNESBURG DOUALA DAR ES SALAM DAKAR ADDIS ABABA ACCRA ABIDJAN

29 OVERVIEW OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT FLEET MAURITUS FLEET INCREASE 60% ON THE PERIOD OF 10 YEARS P R I V AT E C AR B U S M I N I B U S S H AR E D T AX I S

30 OVERVIEW OF BUS FLEET OWNERSHIP OF MINIBUSES Source: SITRASS

31 THANK YOU!