managing resources accurec recycling gmbh Accurec - bersicht Firmenportrait NiCd - NiMH Batterierecycling Gesetzlicher Hintergrund

Transcription

1 accurec recycling gmbh managing resources Accurec - bersicht Firmenportrait NiCd - NiMH Batterierecycling Gesetzlicher Hintergrund Li-Ion Batterien - Markt & EOL Recycling Technologien Li-Ion WW

2 Recycling von Li-Ion Batterien Accurec Recycling GmbH company managing director: Reiner Weyhe engineer p.h.d Albrecht Melber engineer p.h.d core business: EOL battery recycler capacity: t/a structure: SME small - medium - enterprise size: 30 employees turnover: 8-10 Mio! History foundation of ACCUREC NiCd lab scale plant regular unlimited permission 500 t/a start of NiCd recycling production expansion capacity 2500 t/a start R&D NiMH recycling BMBF - project start R&D Li-Ion-consumer expansion capacity 4000 t/a 2005 member of national platform electromobility start EcoBatRec Li-Ion 2012 implementation Krefeld-plant 2015

3 business segments nationwide reverse logistic service for EOL batteries recycling of Nickel-Cadmium batteries recycling of Nickel-Metal-Hydrid batteries recycling of Li-Ion batteries recycling of Photo Voltaic Modules <>

4 Recycling von Li-Ion Batterien Nickel-Cadmium-Batterien NiCd battery packs impact mill magnetic seperation plastic / electronics single cell charge container charge VTR-furnace evacuation to 1 mbar safety routine incremental heating & evaporation condensation Ressourcenpotenzial Tonnen/Jahr ww* Eisen Cadmium Nickel electrolyte / hydrocarbons cool & deload cadmium NiFe - scrap

5 Recycling von Li-Ion Batterien Nickel-Metall-Hydrid Batterien NiMH battery packs impact mill magnetic seperation plastic / electronics single cell VTR heating & evaporation condensation electrolyte / hydrocarbons 0 NiFe - scrap mechanical treatement & separation steel Ressourcenpotenzial Tonnen/Jahr ww* EAF electric arc furnace grinding slag Eisen Seltene Erden Nickel NiCo - alloy leaching precipitation Rear Earth concentrate

6 Recycling von Li-Ion Batterien status quo ww (excl. Jp): portable battery recycling capacities 2014 t/a Alkaline NiCd Li-P Li-Ion NiMH total France Germany Spain Belgium Sweden Poland Switzerland Canada USA total Recycling capacity ww (excl. Jp) (t/y) France Germany Spain Belgium Sweden Switzerland Canada Poland USA <> Alkaline NiCd Li Li-Ion NiMH

7 Recycling von Li-Ion Batterien market market development and prognosis Li-Ion Put on Market (POM EU-25) by application ESS )*+,-.$$$/01$$23!($456$ !"#$$$%!&#'&$%!(#&$$%!)#!'&% '$#(&$% ''#"(&% '*#$$$% Automotive E-bikes Powertool Other Consumer Portable PC Mobile Phone 0!""#$!"%"$!"%%$!"%!$!"%&$!"%'$!"%($ Jahr 789:$

8 Recycling von Li-Ion Batterien market market development and prognosis Li-Ion Put on Market (POM EU-25) by chemistry Li-Ion Sales EU25 by chemistry (t) LMO NCA LFP NCM LCO

9 Recycling von Li-Ion Batterien market market development and prognosis EOL Li-Ion batteries ready for collection (EU-25) LMO NCA LFP NCM LCO

10 Recycling von Li-Ion Batterien market market development and prognosis Li-Ion batteries prognosis of collection (EU-25) LMO NCA LFP NCM LCO

11 Recycling von Li-Ion Batterien market market development and prognosis prognosis of main metals from EoL Li-Ion (EU-25) P Ni Mn Co Fe Al Cu

12 Recycling von Li-Ion Batterien market losses - inefficient battery collection network - inefficient WEEE collection network - batteries fully integrated in appliances #!$!!!" (#$!!!" (!$!!!" '#$!!!" '!$!!!"!"#$%&'()*' &#$!!!" &!$!!!" %#$!!!" EOL Discarded Batteries -./"01"2314" EOL controlled collection /"109"947:763.;"8<4094=7>6" EOL batteries recycled /"109"947:763.;" %!$!!!" #$!!!"!" &!%%" &!%&" &!%'" &!%(" &!%#" &!%)" &!%*" &!%+" &!%," &!&!" +,-.'

13 technical options technical evaluation of recycling efficiency Li-Ion EOL battery mechanical pyro- dismantling hydro- cryogenic o!gas discharging mech. shredding (cryogenic) deactivation (thermal) preparation o!gas x x mech. separation Fe o!gas pyro-metal. treatment H2SO4 ßue dust slag NaOH dissolution residues Co-Ni-Cu alloy NaOH precipitation Cu/Ni Co/Mn/Fe Li - carbonate recovery waste water RE (legal minimum 50%) + 15 % % % recycled elements (Non recycled elements) Al Co, Ni, Cu, Fe (Al, Mn, Li) Co, Ni, Cu, Fe, Mn, Al (Al? Li?)

14 Recycling of Li-Ion Batteries EcoBatRec advanced Lion processing material ßow Li-Ion Battery Modul 100% disassembly / sorting by type Battery Cell Cell Cluster electronic parts steel components Cu - cabel plastic components autothermal pyrolysis condensation crack oil (substitute oil) multi-step, subsequent and linked mechanical treatment Cu-Al fraktion separation ferro-magnet. cases aluminum cases steel stainless steel aluminum foils copper foils aktive mass from electrodes vaccum - evaporation of Li alternativ drag gas evaporation of Li Lithium-metal respective Lithiumoxide state funded R&D project period Metallurgie Prozesstechnik Recycling metall concentrate for existing industrial process routes 80% of battery modul undergoes mechanical treatment, only 20% pyrometallurgy

15 Recycling von Li-Ion Batterien Li-Ion Battery Modul Demontage / Sortierung nach Subtypen Battery Cell Cell Cluster plastic components! electronic elements! cables! aluminium components! cells! steel components! connectors!

16 Recycling of Lithium-Ionen-EV batteries vacuum-thermal pyrolysis prepared batteries to vessel 7./" 7. /"7% /" 7%/( 7% /(7& /( 7& 7./"7%/(7& 7./" 7. /"7% /" 7%/( 7% /(7& /( 7& </55 </ 55/8 55 /8 </55 </ </55/8, 55/8 55 /8!"#$%!"#$%& conden condensation ensa en sation sati sa tion ti on '()$*# *#$% *# $% '()$*#$%& #;*</& #; #;*</& #+8/ #+ #+8/, 8/ 9(:/ 9( :/#* :/ #*+( #* +(&&& +( 9(:/#*+(& 9(:/ 9( :/#* :/ #*+( #* +(& +( #+() #+ ()/( () /(5" /( 5" #+() #+ ()/( () /(5" /(5" 5"7+ 5" #+()/(5"7+.,!"##!" ##$% ## $%& $%!"##$%&!"##!" ##$% ## $%&&& $% '()$ '( )$#* )$ #*+( #* +( '()$#*+(, '()$ '( )$#* )$ #*+( #* +( -$.( -$.(#".( #"#/ #" #/ -$.( -$.(#".( #"#/ #" #/ -$.(#"#/, Cu! Cu Al! Al %/7" %/ 7"8& 7" 8& %/7"8& %/7" %/ 7"8& 7" 8& #+() #+ ()/( () /(5+ /( #+()/(5+., #+() #+ ()/( () /(5+ /( &#1 0& #1"% #1 "%2/ 2/.&.& 0&#1"%2/.&, "% 2/ +34" +3 4"55 6"51 51/. +34"5,6"51/., 4" /. 6" 51 to mechanical treatment active active! mass! ma m ass as s

17 Recycling of Lithium-batteries atmospheric pyrolysis packaged / moderated Li-batteries o!gas-cleaning to mechanical treatment

18 Recycling of Li-Ion Batteries Alternative pyrometallurgisches Processing der Aktiven Masse (II) active mass CoMnNi/Li/C event. binder / slag agents mixing / pelletizing CoMnNi/Li/C-Pellets Electric Vacuum Induction Ofen sintered CoMnNi destilated Li-Metall Metallurgie Prozesstechnik Recycling

19 Recycling of Lithium-batteries ACCUREC plant Krefeld sqm preliminary permit 10/2013 (storage and sorting) final permit expected 12/2014 (treatment) capacity 2015: t/a 4000t/a Lion portable/ 600 t/a Lion industrial batteries

20 Recycling of Li- Batteries summery Li-Ion - Process - hybrid method of mechanical and thermal treatment - low energy consumption - charging state of hybrid module not of interest - disassembly down to cell level not necessarily needed - high RE recycling efficiency due to reduced losses - economic advantages due to early integration to industrial routes - economic potential to recycle Lithium

21 Recycling of PV-Modules ACCUREC plant Krefeld first dedicated recycling plant for PV-Modules 2015 initial capacity: 2000 t/a