Battery Monitoring and Roadmapping High-Energy-Batteries from Materials to Production

Transcription

1 Battery Monitoring and Roadmapping High-Energy-Batteries from Materials to Production Dr. Axel Thielmann Competence Center Emerging Technologies Fraunhofer-Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ISI HANNOVER MESSE Forum tech transfer Halle 2, Stand C02 April 23, 2018 Slide 0 of 11

2 Fraunhofer ISI energy storage roadmapping and monitoring activities Focused support on battery research projects by BMBF since 2009 (LIB2015, STROM, Batterie2020,...) Accompanying research by Fraunhofer ISI: National roadmapping since 2010 International monitoring since 2012 Market and technology analysis Benchmarking of political, industrial and market conditions Identification of R&D-challenges Policy, industry (SME), research Download: php Future Monitoring and Roadmapping updates will be available at: HANNOVER MESSE Forum tech transfer Halle 2, Stand C02 April 23, 2018 Slide 1 of 11

3 Historical development of the global battery demand and future scenarios ( ) Commercialisation of battery technology still at its onset 2018 (Li-based) Batteries Source: Thielmann et al. 2017: Energy Storage Roadmap (update 2017) - Highenergy batteries and prospects for future battery technologies, Fraunhofer ISI HANNOVER MESSE Forum tech transfer Halle 2, Stand C02 April 23, 2018 Slide 2 of 11

4 Battery Demand in GWh 2018 Historical development of the global battery demand and future scenarios ( ) Commercialisation Phase I Commercialisation Phase II Commercialisation Phase III Battery Demand in GWh Pb NiCd (1950th serial production) Pb: broad diffusion starter batteries (SLI) er NiMH 1989 NaNiCl, NaS Industrial Stationary (ESS) starter batteries (SLI) LIB 1991 Power Tools HEV EV Industrial ESS, other ESS (Li-based) Batteries HANNOVER MESSE Forum tech transfer Halle 2, Stand C02 April 23, 2018 Slide 3 of 11

5 Historical development of the global battery demand and future scenarios ( ) Historical development of the global battery demand and future scenarios ( ) Technology offer: Innovation cycles are long (decades) Systemic understanding beyond 10 years forecast needed It takes time from fundamental research to commercialisation Optimized LIB are key technology for electric mobility Market demand: We are still at the beginning of a transformation process, battery demand will increase dramatically EV applications (cars, commercial,...) will dominate future battery demand Challenges: Long-term alternatives are needed Material reduction, technology substitution, prod. efficiency, recycling reduce demand: business models (e.g. 2nd life), V2G,... Ressource & cost sensit., circ. economy integral part of future benchmarks (Li-based) Batteries LIB Li-based Pb Li-Solid? alternative technologies Na-based, Me-S, Me-Air,? Source: Thielmann et al. 2017: Energy Storage Roadmap (update 2017) - Highenergy batteries and prospects for future battery technologies, Fraunhofer ISI HANNOVER MESSE Forum tech transfer Halle 2, Stand C02 April 23, 2018 Slide 4 of 11

6 Global demand vs. production capacities for LIB cells (update 03/2018) strongly regulated materials? real installations? technology driven Source: Thielmann et al. 2017: Energy Storage Roadmap (update 2017) - Highenergy batteries and prospects for future battery technologies, Fraunhofer ISI HANNOVER MESSE Forum tech transfer Halle 2, Stand C02 April 23, 2018 Slide 5 of 11

7 Suitable formats and cell chemistries across applications and battery sizes small mobile large mobile large pouch/ prismatic cyl / < kwh 10 kwh 100kWh > MWh ebikes e-motorbikes xev, LCV, Bus Trucks Ships, Ferries Drones? scooter Boats, Forklifts, Trams/Trains Planes? LIB chemistries: LFP, LMO, NMC, NCA cathodes; G, LTO, SiC anodes Cost (per performance over life)! e.g. NMC/SiC energy applications energy life e.g. LFP/LTO long-life applications HANNOVER MESSE Forum tech transfer Halle 2, Stand C02 April 23, 2018 Slide 6 of 11

8 Cost reduction and energy densities for cylindrical and large format LIB to approach limit until Development of LIB cell costs ( /kwh) by cell format (cylindrical vs. large format prismatic, pouch) Development of vol. energy density (Wh/l) for LIB cells by cell format (cylindrical, prismatic, pouch) energy densities on cell level for EV integration (vol.) energy densities on module/pack/system level most relevant Source: Thielmann et al. 2017: Energy Storage Roadmap (update 2017) High energy batteries and prospects for future battery technologies, Fraunhofer ISI HANNOVER MESSE Forum tech transfer Halle 2, Stand C02 April 23, 2018 Slide 7 of 11

9 Li-based Battery-Roadmap towards automotive HE-NMC based LIB LIB LFP, NMC, NCA,.. C, LTO Li-based HP, longlife LFMP C NMC, NCA C- Si/C Li-based HE Ni-rich, Si/C = 5%, El additive HE-NMC, Si/C > 5% HV-Spin., El. comp. change Si/C 20% R&D, Prototyping LFP, Polymer, Li-Me Li-All Solid State HE NMC, Hybride, Li-Me NMC/NCA, Ceramic, Li-Me Requirements: mean values (all formats) Wh/kg /kwh Wh/kg /kwh Wh/kg /kwh Benchmark! Technology development for HE-automotive batteries by changing gradually the cell components (cathodes, electrolyte/separator, anode) Towards solid electrolyte (solid state) batteries with Li-Me-Anode and HE-cathode Source: Thielmann et al. 2017: Energy Storage Roadmap (update 2017) - Highenergy batteries and prospects for future battery technologies, Fraunhofer ISI HANNOVER MESSE Forum tech transfer Halle 2, Stand C02 April 23, 2018 Slide 8 of 11

10 Manufacturability and time to market of (future) battery technologies Short-term: Drop-in of new materials / components compatible to existing infrastructure. Optimized HE- LIBs. Mid-term: Gradual introduction of HE-all-solid-state batteries (e.g. for high safety requirements). Manufacturability of cells with solid electrolyte not yet given. Accompanying: Post-LIB batteries for niche-applications (e.g. ESS, cheap consumer, aviation). Not suitable for xev. HANNOVER MESSE Forum tech transfer Halle 2, Stand C02 April 23, 2018 Slide 9 of 11

11 Manufacturability and R&D effort for (future) battery technologies Li-air, conversion materials based batteries, etc. need disruptive solution! Na-IB: parallel development to LIBs possible, but intrinsically lower energy densities grey: batteries with lower energy throughput (energy density and cycles) compared to Li-based batteries USP: low cost, raw materials blue: automotive relevant high-energy Li-based batteries optimized LIB (NMC, Si/C) HANNOVER MESSE Forum tech transfer Halle 2, Stand C02 April 23, 2018 Slide 10 of 11

12 Thank you for your attention! Thanks to BMBF for funding! Fraunhofer ISI BEMA project team (BMBF-funding code 03XP0040B) Dr. Axel Thielmann (project lead, senior scientist) Deputy head Competence Center Emerging Technologies, Head of business unit Industrial Technologies Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ISI Breslauer Straße Karlsruhe, Germany Phone: axel.thielmann@isi.fraunhofer.de Dr. Tim Hettesheimer (senior scientist) Competence Center Energy Technology and Energy Systems Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ISI Dr. Christoph Neef (senior scientist) Competence Center Emerging Technologies Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ISI Breslauer Straße Karlsruhe, Germany Phone: Fax: christoph.neef@isi.fraunhofer.de Dr. Henning Döscher (senior scientist) Competence Center Emerging Technologies Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ISI Karin Herrmann (assistant) Competence Center Emerging Technologies Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ISI Prof. Dr. Martin Wietschel Deputy head Competence Center Energy Technology and Energy Systems, Head of business unit Energy Economy Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ISI HANNOVER MESSE Forum tech transfer Halle 2, Stand C02 April 23, 2018 Slide 11 of 11