ITS Advancement in Road Systems: Smartway

Transcription

1 ITS Advancement in Road Systems: Smartway October 2006 Seiji Moriyama ITS Policy and Program Office, Road Bureau, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport, Government of Japan 0

2 Table of Contents 1. Concept of Smartway 2. Directions for Smartway policy 3. Advances in car navigation systems 4. Advances in ETC 5. Support for safe driving 6. Realization of services 1

3 1. Concept of Smartway 1) Overall image of ITS Guidelines for the promotion of ITS: In October 2004, the ITS Strategy Committee issued a proposal on the areas in which ITS should actively contribute in the future. (1) Safety and security (2) Efficiency and the environment (3) Convenience and comfort Overall framework for the promotion of ITS: In July 1996, an overall framework for the promotion of ITS was formulated by four government agencies related to ITS. Since then, the promotion of research, development, and practical implementation has focused primarily on the following nine development areas of ITS in Japan. 1.Advances in navigation systems 2.Electronic toll collection systems 3.Assistance for safe driving 4.Optimization of traffic management 5.Increasing efficiency in road management 6.Support for public transport 7.Increasing efficiency in commercial vehicle operations 8.Support for pedestrians 9.Support for emergency vehicle operations 2

4 1. Concept of Smartway 2) Framework of Smartway (1) Smartway Definition of Smartway Smartway refers to a road system that allows the exchange of various types of information among cars, drivers, pedestrians, and other users. Foundation for the deployment of various ITS services Integrated realization of ITS to provide safe, smooth road transportation and a positive environment. Foundation for affluence and comfort in life and society More efficient movement of people, goods, and information Realization of comfortable living spaces Building a national infrastructure that provides safety and peace of mind Roads Smartway ITS Communication Vehicle Smartcars 3

5 1. Concept of Smartway 2) Framework of Smartway (2) Smartway Project Advisory Committee 4

6 2. Directions for Smartway policy IT for vehicles and mobiles OBU/Mobile ETC VICS Car navigation system DSRC Cellular-Phone W-LAN, Digital television Advancement of car navigation system Telecommunic ation-based car navigation Info provision on road condition VICS (2.5GHz) Car navigation system Advancement of car navigation map assistance ETC Push-based info delivery On-demand info provision Smart IC Service for road users Electric toll collection system Support for merging Promotion of safe driving assistance Prevention of Collisions with Obstacles Info provision on disaster Info provision on on-coming vehicle Support for autonomic mobility Advancement of ETC Road Map for Comfortable Driving Parking lot payment TORUPA Parking lot management Support for pedestrians App of CAD data for road construction Refueling service Advancement of snowplow Various info provision Prevention of crossing collisions/ Prevention of right turn collisions Management of HAZMAT Support for demand bus Advanced traffic info provision Support for safe driving Control assist Support for driving Promotion of disaster recovery Info provision on traffic regulation Support for public transport Bus location system Support for pubic transportation/ Commercial vehicle operation Detection of icy road, snow Promotion of Promotion of road management forecast, rock fall detection efficiency with probe data road management efficiency Service for road administrator 2.5G 5.8G DSRC Cellular-Phone, W-LAN, Digital television Infrastructure IT for roads 5

7 3. Advancement of car navigation systems 1) Spread of car navigation systems Doubled Number of licensed drivers in 2004 Estimation of licensed drivers in million 8 million Age Increasing senior drivers - estimation of population and licensed drivers in 2030 (x10,000) ( 万台 ) 2,500 2,000 1,500 1, Reached 23 million units ,146 1,446 1,809 2, '97.3 '98.3 '99.3 '00.3 '01.3 '02.3 '03.3 '04.3 '05.3 '06.3 '06.6 Cumulative shipments of car navigation systems 20% 100% Visits 新たに立ち寄る施設が増えた to new sites Sense 安心して運転できる of safe driving 75% 10% 50% Safe for elderly 25% 0% 0% 20 s 30 s 40 s 50 s 60 s Change in the driver s sense of safety - Result of questionnaire survey on the effect of car navigation 20 代 30 代 40 代 50 代 60 代 6

8 3. Advancement of car navigation systems 2) Spread of VICS 1,800 1,600 1,400 1,200 1, Trend in the cumulative totals of VICS units shipped FM VICS 3-media VICS '00.3 '01.3 '02.3 '03.3 '04.3 '05.3 '06.3 ' Example of Display Level 2 : Simple Diagrams ビーコン対応 VICS Level 3 : Map Display 7

9 4. Advancement of ETC 1) Spread of ETC Cumulative number of installed ETC on-board units ETC utilization rate Cumulative total (10,000 units) Number of ETC on-board units installed Cumulative total: About 14million units (as of September 10) Per month (10,000 units) Number of vehicles using ETC (10,000 vehicles/day) Trends in the use of ETC Utilization rate About 530,000 units per month (July) About 450,000 units per month (August) Sep. 1-7, 2005 About 4.68 million per day Utilization rate: 63.0% After nationwide deployment in December 2001 About 50,000 vehicles per day Utilization rate: 0.9% Apr. Jul. Oct. Jan. Apr. Jul. Oct. Jan. Apr. Jul. Oct. Jan. Apr. Jul. Oct. Jan. Apr. Jul. Oct. Jan. Apr. Jul Number of units installed (cumulative) Number of units installed (per month) Japan Highway Metropolitan Exp. East Nippon Exp. Hanshin Exp. Central Nippon Exp. Honshu-Shikoku Bridge Exp. West Nippon Exp. Use ratio 8

10 4. Advancement of ETC 2) Effects of the spread of ETC Margin lanes 22% Other 7% Sags and Tunnels 40% Tollgates 31% 31% of congestion is due to inadequate capacity at tollgates. Fig.: Causes of congestion on expressways 全 18 本線料金所合計 Amount 渋滞量 (km of h/ 日 congestion ) (km h/day) ETC utilization ETC rate 利用率 (%) (%) ETC Calculated 導入によるreduction CO 2 排出削減量試算結果 in CO % (t-co 2 / 年 ) emissions due to ETC t- CO2/year 59.2 渋滞量 6,000 Amount of congestion ETC 利用率 % November % November 2003 ETC utilization rate 28.1% 7.9 November % Congestion Cleared 平成 14 年 11 月平成 15 年 11 月平成 16 年 11 月平成 17 年 11 月 Fig.: Trends in ETC utilization rates and congestion at tollgates on the main lines of Metropolitan Expressways 3.2 November % 30% 0% 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 Reduced by 2,657 tons (52%) CO2 per year 0 Before ETC 導入前 introduction of ETC (Sept. (H12.9 末 30, ) 2000) Reduced by 2,657(t-CO 2 / 年 ) 2,657 tons CO2 減少 per year With ETC 50% 利用率 ETC utilization 50% (Sept. 30, (H ) 末 ) Fig.: Change in carbon dioxide emissions at Yokohama-Machida Toll Plaza 9

11 4. Advancement of ETC 3) Field trials of smart interchanges Roadside unit (DSRC antenna) Smart IC field trial on National Highway 123 Toyosaka SA Kurosaki PA Yamato PA Sakudaira PA Ogata PA Arai PA Obuse PA Obasute PA Nyuzen PA Smart interchange at Kamisato Service Area Tokumitsu PA Nanjo SA Kameyama PA Kibi SA Osa SA Kake BS Kinjo PA Yoshinogawa SA Sue PA Komayori PA Nizuru PA -Location Junction of the Joban Expressway with National Highway 123 -Time September March 2007 Sagae SA Chojahara SA Izumi PA FukushimamatsukawaPA Nasu-kogen SA Kamikawachi SA Tomobe SA Miyoshi PA Futaba SA Fujigawa SA Enshu-toyoda PA 図 スマートICに対する地元の反響 Smart interchange at Komazaki Parking Area 10

12 4. Advancement of ETC 4) Payment of public parking fees and private sector services OSAKA Sakurabashi parking facility From December 1, 2005 Payment of parking fees and guidance to handicapped spaces NAGOYA Ozone highway parking facility From November 21, 2005 Payment of parking fees TOKYO Nishi-Shinjuku No. 4 parking facility From December 16, 2005 Payment of parking fees Other anticipated future uses ETC will be used to simplify the procedures for vehicles boarding car ferries. ETC will be used for payments at gas stations and drive-through establishments in order to improve convenience. Drive-through Gas station 11

13 5. Support for safe driving 1) Concept of safe driving support Lane Keeping System -Assists wheel control at a straight section of the road by keeping the vehicle inside the lane that is recognized by a camera. speed/following distance control function activated (lane departing warning/lane keeping assist camera) lane keeping assistance function activated lane departing warning function activated Source : Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Official website Adaptive Cruise Control -Laser radar monitors ahead and maintains a certain speed. Also keeps a following distance when recognizing a preceding vehicle. Concept of Safety System -Shifting the focus from passive safety to active safety -When the detection from the onboard sensors is difficult or insufficient, information from the road infrastructure becomes necessary Cooperative safety system % X0 Alleviation of damage (Passive Safety) Accident Avoidance (Active Safety) Infrastructure cooperation Effects of autonomic safety gear Expectation for the effects of infrastructure cooperation system Source : Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Official website 100% Methods other than vehicles (improvement of road environment, pedestrian support, etc.) (Source : ITS Japan) 12

14 5. Support for safe driving 2) Information Provision on forward obstacles Sensor detect traffic congestion, standing vehicles and slow-traveling vehicles センサーが渋滞や停止 低速車両を検知 Infrared sensor 赤外センサー VICS VICS ビーコン Beacon Approx. 約 300m Fig. Field test site ( No.4 of Metropolitan Expressway) Source : AHSRA 上り Inbound > 下り <Outbound Beep! ピッ! Simple diagram display カーブの先の状況を of 簡易図形で表示 congestions at the start of curve Number of accidents per year Accidents covered by the service Rear-end collisions (low speed) Rear-end collisions (other) Secondary accidents Other accidents Fig. Number of accidents during the field test Source : AHSRA 79% reduction against previous fiscal year FY2003 FY2004 FY Very difficult 4.4% Difficult 8.3% Neutral 16.1% Easy 23.9% Very easy 47.2% Fig. Was the information easy to understand? Car navigation Display カーナビの表示 Not at all 7.4% Not worked 13.7% Neutral 25.5% Worked much 26.7% Worked 27.3% Fig. Did the information work for safe driving? 13

15 5. Support for safe driving Multiple Multiple collisions collisions occurred occurred on on the the Chuo Chuo Expressway Expressway on on September September 14, 14, 2006, 2006, causing causing several several fatalities fatalities and injuries. and injuries. There There has has been been aa high high incidence incidence of of accidents accidents at at this this location location in in the the past past as as well. well. AA service service to to provide provide information information on on obstacles obstacles in in the the road road ahead ahead will will be be deployed deployed to to reduce reduce accidents accidents in in the future, primarily at this type of location. the future, primarily at this type of location. Toward Tokyo Toward Nagoy a Gradual downhill gradient Sharp right-hand curve (R = 300 m) Raining at the time of the accident (1 mm/h) Tokyo Nagoya Osaka Source: The Daily Yomiuri (September 15, 2006) Source: Mainichi Shimbun, Internet edition (September 14, 2006) 14

16 5. Support for safe driving 3) New IT Reform Strategy IT Strategic Headquarters Director-General Deputy Director- Generals Members Experts Cooperative Safety Systems Junichiro Koizumi, Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, Cabinet Secretary Kazuo Kitagawa, Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport Hiroyuki Itami, Professor, Hitotsubashi University and 3 others and 12 others and 7 others Systems that allow vehicles to obtain information from infrastructure devices using wireless communications to enable the driver to respond to traffic conditions beyond the range of what can be detected from a vehicle. IT New Reform Strategy 1. The Pursuit of IT Structural Reform Capabilities (1) Responding to Social Issues that Should Be Resolved in the Twenty-First Century (2) Realization of a Safe and Secure Society The world s safest road traffic environment - Reducing traffic fatalities to 5,000 or below - (3) Socio-Economic Activities in Twenty-First Century 2. Development of IT Infrastructure (1) The Realization of an IT Society without Digital Divide (2) Measures Designated to Create a Society in Which People Can Live Safely and Securely (3) Human Resource Development and Education (4) Research and Development 3. Provision of Valued Information to the World Icy Road Ahead! Reduce the number of traffic fatalities and serious injuries by deploying Cooperative Safety Systems. (January 19, 2006 decision by IT Strategic Headquarters) 15

17 5. Support for safe driving 4) Road Maps for Comfortable driving is being deployed to Car Navigation System Ordinary map " Road Maps for Comfortable Driving" 23 million car navigation systems with this feature have already been shipped. Priority route selection based on ease of use Route selection Easiest roads to use Shortest time Shortest distance Avoid toll roads Providing information on difficulty of use Narrow, winding road for the next 3 kilometers. Please drive carefully. 16

18 6. Realization of services 1) Public-private cooperation for platform development DEC Jan Public recruiting for joint research Feb Commencement of joint research July 2005 Interim report Feb Smartway Demo 2006 President Watanabe, DSRC Forum Japan Former Bureau Manager Taniguchi, Road Bureau (Past) Mar Joint research report Mar (planned) Specifications formulated Oct Smartway (planned) 2007 Companies participating in government-private joint research 17

19 6. Realization of services 2) Concept of the platform VICS ETC Services to support safe driving New Applications Public Application Private Application Software Software Software Software Common software OBU OBU OBU OBU ITS on-board units Hardware Hardware Hardware Public-private Joint Hardware research Common Hardware Enhanced VICS beacons More sophisticated digital maps Fiber-optic networks, etc. Open platform 18

20 6. Realization of services 3) Smartway Demo 2006 Dates: February 22 to 24, 2006 Place: Test Course at NILIM DEMO events: Test Ride Demo Tour Demo Refueling service DSRC installation location DEMO Course Wet Provision of Voice information This is is a notice of of road surface icing. Merging at intersections Internet connection at highway rest area Parking area entrance Provision of Warning Information Provision of Still picture information Caution. A car is is stopped 300 meters ahead. There is is construction work ahead. Restricted lane use is is in in force. 19

21 6. Realization of services 4) Smartway 2007 The services planned for the Metropolitan Expressway in October When you travel to Beijing in 2007 for the next ITS World Congress, I hope that you will also stop in Japan and experience Smartway. 20

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