Smart mobility for sustainable development - ITS measures in Japan - Kinji Hasegawa

Transcription

1 Executive Session 8 Environmental Sustainability How Does it Deliver? Smart mobility for sustainable development - ITS measures in Japan - Kinji Hasegawa ITS Policy and Program Office Road Bureau Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport Government of Japan 0

2 Discussion Points Smooth traffic flow (ETC, VICS, Smart Interchange) Traffic Demand Management Promote use of public transportation 2.Platform supports a variety of measures Common platform for sustainable society 1 1

3 20% of CO 2 emissions is from vehicles CO 2 emissions is to be reduced by 6% during ITS is expected to be a strong weapon for environmental sustainability Carbon dioxide emissions in Japan Consumer (commercial) 16% Consumer (household) 13% Other 12% Industry 38% Transport 21%! (Vehicle: 90%of transport) 4)Others Projected reduction of CO 2 emissions Measures 1)Smooth traffic flow 2)Traffic demand management 3)Use of public transportation Reduce road works Develop traffic safety facilities Tele-working, etc. Eco-driving Anti-idling automobiles Projected emissions reduction (1000ton-CO2) 3600 (VICS : 2400) *)Projected reduction of CO 2 emissions in Kyoto Protocol Target Achievement Plan 2 ( Design CO2-saving transportation systems )

4 Various measures for each situation Kind of measures 1)Smooth traffic flow 2)Traffic Demand Management 3)Promote use of public transportation 4)Other measures Concrete measures in Japan - Eliminate traffic jam at tollgate by increasing ETC (Electronic Toll Collection) usage rate to 50%. - Improve access and reduce traffic jam on the roadside by smart interchange. (Under trial) - Wide and detailed information providing by advanced VICS. (Under research) - Environmental road pricing, fee measures, etc. - Highway bus location system contribute to the greater convenience in public transportation, and is utilized as probe data. - Evaluate economic loss due to traffic jams using probe data. - Eco-driving by monitoring fuel consumption and driving condition. 3

5 1) Smooth traffic flow (ETC) ETC utilization rate raised to 50 and traffic congestion cleared Causes of congestion on expressways Other 8% Merging lanes 21% Sags and tunnels 35% Tollgates 36% Tollgates 36%! ETC utilization rates and tollgate congestion (on the main lines of Metropolitan Expressways) Amount 50 of ETC 50% congestion utilization 43.8% rate?h/day) Amount of congestion (km % cleared 7.3% % Apr-02 Apr-03 Apr-04 Apr-05 Apr-02 Apr-03 Apr-04 Apr-05 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% ETC utilization rate (%) CO2 emissions at Kawaguchi Toll Plaza Carbon dioxide emissions (1,000 tons CO2 per year) CO2 emissions Traffic volume (ETC (ETC utilization utilization rate:6%) 6%) 2003 (ETC (ETC utilization rate:45%) Source: Conference on highway policy to prevent global warming (May 23, 2005) Picture: Kawaguchi Toll Plaza 10% Reduced Traffic volume (10,000 vehicles per day) 4

6 1) Smooth traffic flow (Smart Interchange) Smart interchanges, dedicated for ETC, will contribute to less congestion Average distance between interchanges Japan :About 10 km Europe and North America:4-5 km Field trial on 29 locations nationwide Kurosaki Yamato Sagae Arai Chojahara Obuse Nyuzen Johana Fukushima Matsukawa Ohsa Tokumitsu Nasukogen Yoshinogawa Amagozen Kamikawachi Kanagi Tomobe Kake Miyoshi Sue Komayose Sakudaira Futaba Fujikawa Obasute Enshu Toyoda Kibi Kamigo Kawashima Introduce smart interchanges 5

7 1) Smooth traffic flow (VICS) Started in April 1996 Provide real-time road traffic information on car-navigation system Schematic depiction of VICS Providing information using three communications and broadcasting media Prefectural police agencies Road traffic information Road administrators Japan Road Traffic Information Center Optical beacons VICS Center FM broadcast Radio beacons Text display (level 1) 2 kilometers of congestion ahead due to an accident between Gotemba and Susono. Simple diagrams (level 2) 75minutes 65minutes 75minutes Map display (level 3) 6

8 1) Smooth traffic flow (VICS) Wide and detailed information by VICS using 5.8GHz-DSRC [Wide range of information] [Information by voice] [Information by voice] Urayasu to Makuhari: 2 km congestion due to an accident Urayasu to Makuhari: 2 km congestion due to an accident Congestion 2km ahead 7

9 1) Smooth traffic flow (VICS) Wide and detailed information by VICS using 5.8GHz-DSRC [Information by static image] [Information on greater numbers of routes] Icy road surface ahead. Icy road surface ahead. 8

10 2) Traffic Demand Management ITS as a policy tool, multi-modal measures and fee measures for traffic guidance Image of TDM City area Residential area Toll A Environmental road pricing in Hanshin Expressway Toll B Toll A>Toll B (Unit: vehicles per day) Further discount during field trial ($7.00 to $5.00) (Unit: ten thousand vehicles) Suburban area (Industrial area) Average daily number of vehicles using this discount About a 60% increase Number of vehicles with ETC setup nationwide Oct- 03 Nov- 03 Dec 03 Jan- 04 Feb- 04 Mar- 04 Apr- 04 9

11 2) Traffic Demand Management ITS as a policy tool, multi-modal measures and fee measures for traffic guidance Fee measures using ETC on Metropolitan Expressway 4 Discounts rate for ETC users on the Metropolitan Expressway (Trial on 2004) Toll Regular toll 5% discount 10% discount 20% discount 34% discount 5-34% discount (Tokyo line) ~ () Regular toll 10% discount 20% discount Hour Source: Metropolitan Expressway Public Corporation Note: The tolls shown are for ordinary cars on the Tokyo line. Travel time reduction in on ordinary roads -2 minutes -6 minutes -3 minutes -6 minutes Average on November 26, 2003 Average values on December 18, 2003, January 29, 2004, and February 12, 2004 *Travel time on National Highway 20 from Miyakezaka to Kamitakaido (away from Tokyo) Source: Data from the Metropolitan Expressway Public Corporation 10

12 CO2 emission g-co2/km 2) Traffic Demand Management Raise highway usage rate by offering discounts for long distance driving Low highway usage rate in Japan Modest speed for less CO2 emission Average speed km/h All day discount for long distance (Japan Highway) (Trial on ) Travel distance Discount rate 300km- 400km 5% 400km- 600km 10% 900km- 600km- 900km 20% 30% Midnight discount for long distance (Japan Highway) (Trial on ) Travel distance Discount rate 200km - 300km 0% - 10% 300km - 500km 10% - 20% 500km - 800km 20% - 30% 1,000 km- 800km- 1,000k m 33%- 30%- 33% Passenger car Bus Small truck Truck 11

13 3) Promote use of public transportation Bus location information provided through internet Park and Ride system trial in many cities using IT Bus location systems Park and ride system P&R Approaching bus indicator at a bus stop P&R P&R Bus stop information accessed by cell phones 12

14 2. Platform supports a variety of measures An environment that supports multiple applications from a single on-board unit Promote the establishment of an open platform This highway information was announced at X:00. Traffic is congested for X kilometers between Y and Z. X Street is closed to traffic. There is a traffic accident X kilometers ahead. Please turn right in X meters There is a traffic accident X kilometers ahead. The distance to your destination is approximately X kilometers. You have five new s. If a different device is needed for each application.. Multiple applications with a single ITS on-board unit 13

15 2. Platform supports a variety of measures From separate platforms to a common platform This platform will support a wide variety of applications Application Application Public applications Private applications Software OBU Software OBU Common software OBU for multi application Hardware Hardware Common hardware VICS ETC. First stage Open platform Second stage 14

16 2. Platform supports a variety of measures Common platform for sustainable society Awakening various measures and services toward environmental sustainability using a common platform ITS enter the second stage and common platform and new ITS service in 2007FY Private parking facilities Gas stations ITS services in 2007 Information provision along roadways Information connection at rest areas Public parking lot settlement Platform Restaurants Dispatch control Convenience stores and supermarkets Traffic control 15