Security and Sustainability of Power Supply Impact of the Energy Transition. ... We are facing major Challenges. Dietmar Retzmann

Transcription

1 Security and Sustainability of Power Supply Impact of the Energy Transition... We are facing major hallenges Dietmar Retzmann Growing Demand for Electricity Dwindling Resources limate hange E T TS 2/Re Power Transmission Siemens AG, Solutions 2013

2 1. T rends in Grid Developments, Smart and Bulk Power E T TS 2/Re

3 The Situation on Electric Power Markets m m m m Increasing Demand for Power Generation* from 3,620 GW in 2000 to 6,074 GW in 2012 and to 10,356 GW in 2030 Strong Environmental onstraints Limitation on Power Plant Expansions Natural Energy Resources far away from the Load enters Severe Right-of-Way onstraints A crucial Issue in many ountries, in Europe in particular * Source: Siemens E ST, E T TS 2/Re

4 Prospects of Grid Developments: Micro Grid L (autonomous) Smart Grid Super Grid L L A L L A G L L A G L S L L L L L L L G L G Generation Storage G + S + L = A = ell Agent Smart, controlled Loads ell Virtual Power Plant L L A E T TS 2/Re E T TS 2/Re Power Transmission Solutions A G S L D G A L Bulk Power A/D Energy Highway PTS

5 Development of A Transmission 1,600 kv 1,400 1,200 1, Reasonable Line Lengths: 1,000 kv: over 2,000 km 800 kv: up to 1,500 km 500 kv: up to 1,000 km ** 5 6 However, some ountries will finally go 1 MV * kv as realistic Standard The Initial Statement Year kv Lauchhammer Riesa / Germany (1911) kv Brauweiler Hoheneck / Germany (1929) kv Boulder Dam Los Angeles / USA (1932) kv Harspranget Halsberg / Sweden (1952) kv Montreal Manicouagan / anada (1965) 6 1,200 kv Ekibastuz Kokchetav / USSR (1985) ** Brazil: North-South Interconnector 5 Source: Siemens E D SE E PTI T TS -2/Re 2008 E T TS 2/Re 2010 * hina (1,000 kv Pilot Project launched) and India (1,200 kv in actual Planning) are currently implementing a Bulk Power UHV A Backbone.

6 hina: over 40 HVDs with more than 270 GW * Transmission apacity are expected between 2010 and Yunnan Guangdong 800 kv, 5000 MW, 2009/10 2. Xiangjiaba Shanghai 800 kv, 6400 MW, Debao 500 kv, 3000 MW, Ningdong Shangdong 660 kv, 4000 MW, Qinghai Tibet 400 kv, 600 MW, Mongolia Tianjin 800 kv, 8000 MW, Russia Liaoning 660 kv, 4000 MW, Nuozhadu Guangdong 800 kv, 5000 MW, Jingping Sunan 800 kv, 7200 MW, Xiluodu Guangdong 500 kv, 2 x 3200 MW, Humeng Tangshan 800 kv, 8000 MW, Ningdong Zhejiang 800 kv, 8000 MW, Xiluodu Zhejiang 800 kv, 8000 MW, Sichuan Jiangxi 800 kv, 8000 MW, Xiluodu Jiangxi 800 kv, 8000 MW, Humeng Shandong 800 kv, 8000 MW, Hami Henan 800 kv, 8000 MW, Mengxi Jiangxi 800 kv, 8000 MW, Mongolia Shandong 800 kv, 8000 MW, Mengxi Jiangsu 800 kv, 8000 MW, Jiuquan Hunan 800 kv, 7200 MW, Zhundong ongqing 800 kv, 8000 MW, Baoqing Liaoning 660 kv, 4000 MW, Hami Shandong 800 kv, 7200 MW, Tibet hongqing 800 kv, 7200 MW, Jinghong Thailand 500 kv, 3000 MW, Ximeng Nanjing 800 kv, 8000 MW, Baihetan Hubei 800 kv, 7200 MW, Wudongde Fujian 1100 kv, MW, Northwest North B2B, 1500 MW, Mongolia Jing-Jin-Tang 800 kv, 7200 MW, Russia Liaoning 800 kv, 7200 MW, 2019 * as of x B2B 1 x 400 kv 5 x 500 kv 3 x 660 kv 25 x 800 kv 5 x 1100 kv 33. Zhundong hengdu 1100 kv, MW, Tibet Zhejiang 1100 kv, 9000 MW, Baihetan Hunan 800 kv, 7200 MW, Yili Sichuan 1100 kv, 9000 MW, Kazakhstan hengdu 1100 kv, 9000 MW, Northeast North BtB II, 1500 MW, Hong Kong HVD 500 kv, 3600 MW, Jinzhong Guangxi 500 kv, 3200 MW, Yunnan GuangdongIV 800 kv, 8000 MW, 2017 Bangkok E T TS 2/Re E T TS 2/Re 6 Hainan Jilin Xinjiang 24 InrfarMongolia Beijing 38 Liaoning Gansu 27 Tianjin Hebei Shanxi Ningxia Shandong 21 Henan Qinghai 20 Jiangsu 12 5 Shaanxi Anhuj Shanghai Sichuan & 2 9 Xizang hongqing Hubai Jiangxi Zheijang Guizhou Fujian Yunnan Guangdong Taiwan Hunan 11 Heilongjiang

7 Energy Highways in hina for Long-Distance Transmission the A Options Sources: E T TS 2/Re

8 UHV A Transmission Towers 1,000 kv Pilot Project For Redundancy - 2 Lines: System 1 System 2 Sources: E T TS 2/Re

9 800 kv D Overhead Line Welcome great Outdoors! E T TS 2/Re

10 800 kv D Overhead Line Eco-Farming goes on Welcome great Outdoors! Right-of-Way: the D Overhead Line is up in the Air, far away! E T TS 2/Re

11 Environmental Impact ROW * and Transmission apacity of A and D Towers at 800 kv A: up to 5 GW D: up to 10 GW * ROW = Right-of-Way E T TS 2/Re

12 Installed Wind Power: Europe, from 2011 to : Up to 350 GW of Wind Power! ENTSO-E: 960 GW Installed apacity GW Source: EWEA (European Wind Energy Association), Wind in power 2012 European statistics, February E T TS 2/Re Power Transmission Power Solutions Transmission Solutions

13 onclusions: Benefits of Grid Enhancement by fully controllable D Energy Highways Example of Germany Source: German igré-ired, , Germany Nuclear: shut-down D Energy Highways: even in small ountries like Germany A Grid Enhancement GDP A New Lines GDP New Hydro Power Plants Regenerative Power D New Lines GDP Enhancements in the Starting Grid E T TS 2/Re E New T TS Lines 2/Re in the Starting Grid

14 Nuclear Hard oal Lignite Natural Gas Oil Nuclear will be shut-down: From Energy Mix to Energy Transition Energie Wende in Germany: Transformation of the Energy System Example NPP Isar 2 (Ohu): 1,485 MW Source: Spiegel Online Febr E T TS 2/Re Power Transmission E T TS 2/Re Solutions

15 Status of Photovoltaics (PV) in Germany * New Installations Installed PV apacity GWp +15 GWp GWp Load in Germany: minimum 1 40 GW peak 2 80GW * Bundesverband Solarwirtschaft e.v. (BSW-Solar), 2010/2011/2013 1/2 ENTSO-E monthly Statistics, 04/ E T TS 2/Re

16 and DESERTE, the Super Grid Source: DESERTE Foundation An Initiative of the lub of Rome Siemens has joined the Desertec Industrial Initiative (DII) for 3 Years. The objective of this initiative is to develop over the mid-term a technical and economic concept for solar power from Africa. Work will also focus on the clarification of legal and political issues E T TS 2/Re

17 ENTSO-E s Ten-Year Network Development Plan Three main Drivers: Offshore Wind Interconnections to Eastern Europe Solar Plan Desertec Long-term Prospects for European D Super Grid(s) E T TS E 2/Re T TS 2/Re

18 2. Transmission Solutions with A & D E T TS 2/Re

19 Network onfigurations for Long-Distance Transmission the A and D Options A) B) Subs. Subs. Subs. ) A) HVD Long-Distance Transmission Point-to-Point onnection B) Long-Distance A Transmission ) A Transmission through interconnected Power Systems * E T TS 2/Re E T TS 2/Re * The current Solution in Europe

20 Options of HVD & Hybrid A-D Interconnections a) D supports A in Terms of Stability c) an be connected to long A Lines b) c) a) Back-to-Back Solution b) HVD Long-Distance Transmission c) Integration of HVD into the A System The Firewall for Blackout Prevention E T TS 2/Re

21 Flexible A Transmission Systems FATS E T TS 2/Re

22 Fixed Series ompensation Imperatriz (1999), 500 kv, Furnas/Brazil E T TS 2/Re

23 Tala TS & FS Project: Bulk Hydro Power from Bhutan to Delhi Area Safe and lean Energy for Megacities 2 x FSs: Increase in Transmission apacity 2 x TSs: Power Oscillation Damping 475 km 2006 World s Biggest FATS Project for Series ompensation 2 x 1.7 GVAr! Hydro Power from Purnea to Delhi Area E T TS 2/Re

24 SV Siems the 1 st HV SV in Germany The Solution 2004 HVD and FATS in parallel Operation Enhancement of HVD Performance: Increase in A System Stability Reduction in repetitive D lassic ommutations Failures Increase in lean Hydro Power Transfer from NORDEL to Germany (from 450 to 600 MW) The Problem: no Right-of-Way for 400 kv A Grid Access of Baltic able HVD only 110 kv E T TS 2/Re

25 SV PLUS: a wide Range of onfiguration Possibilities including Hybrid Solution Up to 4equal L-Units in parallel: +/- 200 MVAr ontainerized Solutions: SV PLUS S: +/- 25 MVAr SV PLUS M: +/- 35 MVAr SV PLUS L: +/- 50 MVAr Open Rack Solution (Building): SV PLUS : +/- 75 MVAr SV PLUS : +/-100 MVAr SV PLUS : +/-125 MVAr HV 8 kv 36 kv LV SV PLUS Hybrid Options: Mechanically and/or Thyristor-Switched Reactors and/or apacitors SV PLUS MSR/TSR MS/TS +/ /-250 MVAr Up to 2 equal -Units in parallel: +/- 250 MVAr E T TS 2/Re

26 SV PLUS: the Advanced STATOM Since Systems in commercial Operation / under Project Execution Rating: Source: UTE up Interim to +/-Report 250 MVAr Status: Dynamic Voltage Support and 3 x 1-ph Sitras SV plus (for Traction Supply ompensation) E T TS 2/Re E T E TS T TS 2/Re 2/Re PTS

27 Voltage-Sourced onverter with Power Modules: Modular Multilevel onverter MM The New Solution v v FATS: 20 Levels * HVD: Levels * * typ. plus Redundancy * SV PLUS: only HF Filtering * HVD PLUS: no A Filters required E T TS 2/Re

28 High-Voltage Direct urrent HVD High-Power D Transmission Systems E T TS 2/Re

29 HVD lassic / Bulk versus HVD PLUS A Grid 1 A Grid 2 G ~ ~ D = = ~ G ~ HVD lassic Line-ommutated urrent-sourced onverter (L / S) Thyristors with Turn-on apability only HVD PLUS Self-ommutated Voltage-Sourced onverter (S / VS) Semiconducting Switches with Turn- On and Turn-Off apability, e.g. IGBTs Thyristors 8 kv I D up to 6.25 ka Transistors (IGBT) up to 4.5 kv I D 1.56 ka Up to 10, kv D OHL Up to 1, kv (XLPE able) Up to 11,000 1,100 kv D OHL XLPE able up to +/- 320 kv D MI able up to 600 kv q Trans Bay able, USA: 400 MW q 4 x TenneT Offshore: MW E T TS 2/Re q INELFE, RTE & REE: Power 2 x 1,000 Transmission MW Solutions PTS

30 Evolution of Thyristor Valves in HVD UHV D 800 kv: from 5 GW to 8 GW and finally 10 GW 2009* World's first 800 kv UHV D with 5 LTT Valves, Yunnan-Guangdong, 5 GW, hina 2010* 6 ETT Valves at Fulong Station of World's first UHV D with 6.4 GW, Xiangjiaba-Shanghai, hina 2012* 6 ETT Valves at Yulong Station** of World's first UHV D with 7.2 GW, Jinping-Sunan, hina 2013* 6 ETT Valves at Hami Station*** of World's first UHV D with 8 GW, Hami-Zhengzhou, hina * Year of ommissioning ** World s third 800 kv D with World s biggest onverter Station in Operation *** Pole 2 of World s biggest and longest UHV D Project at Present The Highlights The Highlights E T TS 2/Re

31 D Submarine able Link Neptune RTS, USA World s 1 st HVD with 500 kv D able E T TS 2/Re

32 Neptune HVD Station Sayreville 660 MW 2007 Example of HVD lassic E T TS 2/Re

33 A new HVD B2B close to New York Hudson Transmission Project Ridgefield (New Jersey), USA ustomer: Hudson Transmission Partners LL. Ṣystem Data: Rating 660 MW Voltage 170 kv D Thyristor 8 kv LTT 2013 Power Exchange & Increase in Stability Sharing of Reserve apacity No Increase in Short-ircuit Power E T TS 2/Re

34 HVD it makes Power flow to New York 49th Street Side with Aable to Manhattan Bergen Station Side Ridgefield, New Jersey From onstruction to... Hudson Transmission Project ommercial Operation June 3, Six Weeks ahead of Schedule E T TS 2/Re

35 HVD Hudson Transmission Project contd E T TS 2/Re

36 HVD and SV PLUS for Inter-Island onnector Pole 3, Transpower New Zealand Ltd. HVD and STATOM in parallel Operation 2014 ustomer Project Name Location Power Rating Type of Plant Voltage Levels Transpower New Zealand Ltd. Inter-Island onnector Pole 3 SV PLUS at Haywards; HVD at Stations Benmore and Haywards 700 MW HVD lassic Bipolar able (40 km) and Overhead Line, in total 649 km ±350 kv D 220 kv A, 2x 50 Hz E T TS 2/Re E T TS 2/RePTS Semiconductors LTT Power 8 kv Transmission Solutions

37 HVD and SV PLUS for Inter-Island Link Pole 3, Transpower New Zealand Ltd. 1 x SV PLUS for Haywards Substation m 220 kv Dynamic Voltage Stabilization m Increase in ESR & System Inertia m Reactive Power ontrol 2014 SV PLUS the Performance Booster for HVD lassic HVD and STATOM in parallel Operation E T TS 2/Re

38 HVD Upgrade for Inter-Island onnector Pole 3, Transpower New Zealand Ltd.: Very high Seismic Requirements From Mercury Arc Valves to Thyristors E T TS 2/Re

39 anada Benefits of HVD and FATS HVD and STATOM in parallel Operation WATL Western Alberta Transmission Link SV PLUS the Performance Booster for HVD lassic Power Exchange Increase in Stability Sharing of Reserve apacity No Increase in Short-ircuit Power 2014 ustomer: AltaLink System Data: Rating 1,000 MW Voltage 500 kv D Thyristor 8 kv LTT OHL 400 km Heathfield Sunnybrook rossings Newell 1 x 50 MVAr, SV PLUS 2 x 75 MVAr, SV PLUS East D Link Project ustomer: ATO System Data: Rating 1,000 MW Voltage 500 kv D Thyristor 8 kv LTT OHL 500 km E T TS 2/Re

40 and Europe The HVD Portfolio is growing Storebælt Return to Sustainability ustomer: Energinet.dk System Data: Rating 600 MW Voltage 400 kv D Thyristor 8 kv LTT able Length 56 km 2010 BritNed ustomer: BritNedDevelopm. Ltd. System Data: Rating 2 x 500 MW Voltage ± 450 kv Thyristor 8 kv LTT able Length 260 km 2011 Power Exchange by Sea able Sharing of Reserve apacity No Increase in Short-ircuit Power E T TS 2/Re

41 BritNed, UK and NL: A Yard & Valve Halls 2 x 500 MW From onstruction to... ommercial Operation E T TS 2/Re

42 Storebælt: Station Fraugde D onverter E T TS 2/Re

43 3. P rospects and latest Developments E T TS 2/Re

44 HVD plus SV: Mead-Adelanto USA Upgrade of a large A and D Transmission System with 2 SVs and 3 FSs Increase in Transmission apacity Improvement in System Stability 1995 Each SV: 388 MVAr cap. for Voltage and POD ontrol, E T TS 2/Re

45 2 SVs Mead-Adelanto USA, 1995 HVD and FATS in parallel Operation Each SV: 388 MVAr cap. Benefits: Increase in Transmission apacity Improvement in System Stability Support of existing HVD E T TS 2/Re 45 Features: o oordinated Voltage ontrol & o Damping of Power Oscillations E T TS 2/Re

46 Step 2: MEAD ADELANTO PROJET (MAP) onversion of A into D urrent Owners Participant Share A with FATS worked well for 18 Years. But now its Time for an Upgrade with a new D... Anaheim* 9.17% Azusa* 1.50% Banning* 0.92% Burbank* 7.83% olton* 1.75% Glendale* 7.50% Los Angeles 24.25% M-S-R 17.50% Pasadena* 5.83% Riverside* 9.17% Startrans 6.25% WAPA 8.33% Total 100% * Participant share managed by SPPA MAP is a 202-mile, 500 kv A transmission line from the existing Adelanto Substation in Southern alifornia to the Marketplace Substation (near Boulder ity, NV) with a rating of 1,291 MW E T TS 2/Re

47 Europe: UK goes ahead with FATS The Transmission System: 27 SVs Step 1 Enhancement of A Grid by FATS Harker Substation: Application of POD* with 2 parallel SVs Harker: 2 SVs Increase in Transmission apacity * POD: Power Oscillation Damping = System Stability & Security Benefits Prevention of Outages 1993 E T TS 2/Re Power Transmission Deregulation caused E T TS Transmission 2/Re Problems Solutions

48 Step 2: New D Submarine able Link in UK SV PLUS : 2 x 125 MVAr m Dynamic Voltage Stabilization m Reactive Power ontrol SV PLUS the Performance Booster for HVD lassic HVD and STATOM in parallel Operation Western HVD Link, UK World s 1 st HVD with 600 kv D able 6 hrs Overload 2,400 MW (able) ustomer: National Grid / Scottish Power System Data: Rating 2,200 MW Voltage ± 600 kv D Thyristor 8 kv LTT 2015 Deeside A & SV lassic worked well for 22 Years. But now its Time for an HVD and an A Upgrade by SV PLUS More Power Transfer No Increase in Short-ircuit Power Increase in Grid Stability Bypassing overloaded Onshore Overhead Lines E T TS 2/Re E T TS 2/Re

49 HVD PLUS: Trans Bay able Project, USA Security of Supply for San Francisco Area Transmission onstraints before TB 2010 = ~ = Transmission onstraints after TB Power Exchange by Sea able No Increase in Short-ircuit Power = ~ = Elimination of Transmission Bottlenecks E T TS 2/Re

50 HVD PLUS: Trans Bay able Project, USA World s first VS Multilevel HVD Energy Project of the Year American Society of ivil Engineers, Region 9; Sacramento, 9th March 2011 Elimination of Transmission Bottlenecks P = 400 MW Q = +/ MVAr Dynamic Voltage Support Hawkeye Photography E T TS 2/Re

51 HVD PLUS INELFE: World s first VS Multilevel HVD with 2 x 1,000 MW Power Exchange & Increase in Stability Sharing of Reserve apacity No Increase in Short-ircuit Power INELFE ustomer: RTE and REE 2014 World s 1 st VS HVD with 2 x 1,000 MW V D = +/- 320 kv able: XLPE, 65 km E T TS 2/Re E T TS 2/Re

52 INELFE 2 x 1,000 MW HVD PLUS South Station, two Systems, Santa Llogaia, España E T TS 2/Re

53 INELFE how a 2 x 1,000 MW MM PLUS HVD Station looks like (North Station Baixas, France) E T TS 2/Re E T TS 2/Re

54 INELFE how a 2 x 1,000 MW MM PLUS HVD Station looks like (System 1, North Station Baixas, France) contd E T TS 2/Re E T TS 2/Re

55 HVD PLUS and WIPOS : SylWin1, Germany World s first Offshore MM with 864 MW, BorWin2 and HelWin1&2 WIPOS Siemens Wind Power Offshore Substation Siemens offers a Family of WIPOS Designs with the Flexibility to meet a Variety of Offshore Weather, Tide, and Seabed onditions with three main onfigurations: WIPOS self-lifting Solution WIPOS Topside Solution (Topside/Jacket) WIPOS floating Solution /- 300 kv 800 MW BorWin2 +/- 250 kv 576 MW HelWin1 +/- 320 kv 864 MW SylWin1 +/- 320 kv 690 MW HelWin2 = ~ = = ~ = = ~ = = ~ = The Modular Multilevel onverter Technology (MM) reduces omplexity 55 and therefore the Space required 55 for Installation E T TS 2/Re

56 HelWin1 576 MW The platform is equipped with a helipad and was fabricated by Nordic Yards at the shipyard in Wismar under contract by Siemens. Up to 100 employees will be active on the platform for the subsequent project phase in the North Sea. Siemens' consortium partner Prysmian has supplied and laid in a bundle the two cables, each with a length of 130 km, for transmission of 250 kilovolt D voltage in the future. The cable route covers 85 km at sea and 45 km over land Source: Siemens E T TS 2/Re

57 Platforms with unmatched dimensions: HelWin1 from Shipyard to Offshore HelWin1 is designed for decades of operation in the rugged North Sea and will be monitored and controlled from land when it has been commissioned * Source: Siemens E T TS 2/Re

58 Platforms with unmatched dimensions: HelWin1 from Shipyard to Offshore After the HVD platform HelWin1 reached its setup zone a further four days were required for installation. HelWin1 is a floating jack-up platform that is moved to the desired position by tugboats with its supports raised. When it reaches this position, the supports are lowered and connected to the supporting structure that has already been installed. The platform is then raised using a hydraulic jacking system Three tugboats are needed to tow the converter platform, weighing 12,000 tons, to its location off the coast of Helgoland. Since this steel giant is too large for passage through the North Sea/Baltic Sea (Kiel) canal, it had to be towed around the northern tip of Denmark. After seven days at sea, covering 990 kilometers, HelWin1 finally reached its installation destination Source: Siemens E T TS 2/Re

59 Solutions for D Grids in Power Systems Applications and Features of D Grids: HVD lassic HVD PLUS E T TS 2/Re

60 HVD lassic 400 kv D On-Site: D-Line Fault E T TS 2/Re

61 Success Factors for D-Line Fault Recovery with VS Lessons learned from HVD lassic Features and Benefits of Direct onverter with MM Full Bridge Solution: q Polarity Reversal of Output Voltage available Any Output Voltage Waveform can be achieved, depending on Application: q Sinus (for SF) or q Ramp Function (D Line Fault Recovery) D urrent of 2 ka is feasible! n n n A or D For omparison: Half Bridge Power Module** Our Solution*: Full Bridge Power Module PM Electronics 3~ A 50/60 Hz Transformer Outgoing Reactor IGBT11 D11 IGBT21 D IGBT12 IGBT22 Power Module... n... n... n D12 D22 61 Branch Reactors ** The Solution for able * For Transmission with E T TS 2/Re 61 Transmission w/o OHL OHL with E T or TS w/o 2/Re able

62 Success Factors for D-Line Fault Recovery with VS using MM PLUS Full Bridge proven Technology Since Full Bridge onverters and 14 Half Bridge onverters in commercial Application / under Project Execution 95 Modular Multilevel onverters with Siemens PLUS Technology Status: x Sitras SF plus 52 x SV PLUS same Power Modules 3 x Sitras SV plus E T TS 2/Re

63 omparison of 300 kv D On-Site D-Line Fault TNB-EGAT HVD with Full Bridge Simulation, same case omputer Simulation I d /A I d /pu V d /kv 162 ms Duration of Successful Recovery with one Attempt V d /pu 0 P d /pu P d /MW Q A /MVAr Q A /pu V A /pu I A /pu 0 0 Reactive Power Injection available during Fault! 0 Field Measurements V onv. /pu E T TS 2/Re E T TS 2/Re 0

64 onclusions: Prospects of A and D Smart & Bulk Power Transmission Technologies E T TS 2/Re

65 Features of FATS ontrollers FATS Flexible A Transmission Systems: Support of Power Flow Shunt ompensation: SV Static Var ompensator (Standard for Voltage ontrol) SV PLUS (= STATOM Static Synchronous ompensator, VS*) Series ompensation: FS Fixed Series ompensation Increase in Transmission apacity TPS Thyristor Protected Series ompensation Increase in Transmission apacity Advanced apacitor Protection TS Thyristor ontrolled Series ompensation Damping of Power Oscillations Load-Flow ontrol Mitigation of SSR * for fast Voltage ontrol E T TS 2/Re

66 Features of HVD Transmission HVD High-Voltage D Transmission: It makes P flow Three HVD Options available: PLUS (VS), lassic (L) and Bulk (L) With D, Overhead Line Losses are typically % less than with A For able Transmission (over 80 km), HVD is the only Solution HVD can be integrated into the A System HVD supports A in Terms of Stability System Interconnection with HVD and Integration of HVD: D is a Firewall against ascading Disturbances Bidirectional ontrol of Power Flow quite easy Frequency, Voltage and POD ontrol available Staging of the Links with D quite easy No Increase in Short-ircuit Power D is a Stability Booster E T TS 2/Re

67 Solutions for Smart & Bulk Power Transmission Solutions with Overhead Lines High-Voltage D Transmission: HVD lassic with 500 kv (HV) / 660 kv(ehv) 3.2 to 4.2 GW HVD Bulk with 800 kv (UHV) 5 GW to 10 GW For omparison: HVD PLUS (VS) 1,000 MW A Transmission: 400 kv (HV) / 500 kv A (EHV) 1.5 / 2 GVA 800 kv A (EHV) 3GVA 1,000 kva(uhv) 6 to 8 GVA Note: Power 1 System 3 ~, Power Bipole +/- Option UHV D 1,100 kv: 11 GW The Winner is UHV D! Solutions with D ables * * Distances over 80 km: A ables too complex 500 / 600 kv D per able, Mass Impregnated: 1 GW to 2GW (actual - prospective) Solutions with GIL Gas-Insulated Lines ** Reference: Bowmanville, anada, Siemens *** Reference: Huanghe LaxiwaHydropower Station, hina, GIT (USA) 400 kv A(HV) 1.8 GVA / 2.3 GVA (directly buried / Tunnel or Outdoor) 500 kv A (EHV) 2.3 GVA / 2.9 GVA (directly buried / Tunnel or Outdoor) 550 kv A(EHV) Substation: Standard 3.8 GVA / Special 7.6 GVA ** 800 kv A (EHV) Tunnel: 5.6 GVA *** E T TS 2/Re

68 Siemens ad TechnologyLeader for more than 35 Years: HVD lassic World s 1 st HVD with LTT and integrated BOD 2014 WATL 1984 Poste hât. B2B World s 1 st HVD with 500 kv D able World s 1 st HVD with 8 kv Thyristors Hudson Transm. B2B Western HVD Link Neptune RTS 1977/ Nelson River Moyle Storebælt 2014 East D Link Project 1997/2004 elilo 1995 Sylmar East 1987 Virginia Smith B2B 2005 Lamar B2B BritNed Dürnrohr B2B 2012 OMETA Estlink Debao 2010 Ballia- Bhiwadi 2012 Mundra-Haryana 2003/2007 ESI II 2001 Thailand- Malaysia 1995 Acaray B2B 2006 Welsh B2B Basslink ahora Bassa /1998 World s 1 st HVD with 600 kv D able 1993 Etzenricht B2B 1993 Wien SüdostB2B 1989 Gezhouba- Nan Qiao 2000 Tianshengqiao- Guangzhou 2013 Bangladesh B2B 2013 Black Sea 2x B2B 2013 Xiluodo- Guangdong 2004 Guizhou- Guangdong I 2008 Guizhou- Guangdong II 2014 Inter-Island onnector, Pole 3 Status: World s 1 st OHL HVD with 533 kv! E T TS 2/Re E T TS 2/Re Power Solutions

69 Siemens ad TechnologyLeader: HVD PLUS with MM & HVD Bulk 4-8 GW 2010 Trans Bay able BorWin2, HelWin1, HelWin2 & SylWin1 World s 1 st VS HVD with MM- Technology World s 1 st VS HVD with 2 x 1,000 MW V D = +/- 320 kv Moyle 2014 INELFE World s 1 st Offshore VS with 864 MW MM World s 1 st 660 kv HVD! 4 GW GW Ningdong Yunnan- Guangdong 5 GW 5 GW 2015 Xiluodu- Zheijang 2013 Nuozhadu- Guangdong Status: World s first UHV D with 8 GW! 2013 Hami- Zhengzhou World s first UHV D with 7.2 GW! 2012 Jinping- Sunan 2010 Xiangjiaba- Shanghai World s first UHV D with 6.4 GW! World s 1 st UHV D with Transmission Voltage of 800 kv! E T TS 2/Re Power Transmission E T TS 2/ReSolutions Power Solutions

70 Thank you for your attention! opyright Siemens AG E T TS 2/Re