ABB Roger Rosenqvist: August 30, 2012

Transcription

1 ABB Roger Rosenqvist: August 30, 2012 Cable Systems for EHV Transmission

2 Cable Systems for EHV Transmission Speaker name: Speaker title: Company name: Roger Rosenqvist Vice President, Business Development ABB (Power Systems Division) Raleigh, North Carolina

3 Cable Systems for EHV Transmission ABB is a technology provider, not a developer of transmission projects. There are many complex issues that arise in connection with the development and siting of new transmission projects. Some of those issues cover subjects that are outside ABB s experience and expertise. ABB does not have sufficient i background or knowledge to comment on the reasons as to why a specific technology was chosen by an owner or developer of a new transmission project. Our presentation will focus on technical characteristics of polymer insulated cable systems, including ABB s HVDC Light technology, and commercially available capacity ratings for such systems. We will also discuss recent experiences from the design, construction and operation of cable projects around the world.

4 Background New electric transmission capacity will be needed to support policies to retire older fossil fuel based power plants, expand access to renewable generation resources and maintain reliability. Significant public opposition to overhead transmission line construction has raised legal and permitting barriers that can severely delay new projects. Factors commonly cited against construction of new overhead transmission lines: Aesthetics Land use constraints EMF

5 History of Polymer Insulated Cable Systems for Transmission 1970 s: Deliveries of polymer insulated ( XLPE ) cable systems for voltage ratings up to 145 kv s: XLPE transmission cable systems rated 230 kv s: XLPE transmission cable systems rated 345 kv, 420 kv and 500 kv.

6 Typical EHV AC Cable Design (Laminate Sheath) CONDUCTOR CONDUCTOR SHIELD Copper / round, segmented Conductive PE INSULATION - Type Triple extruded, dry cured - Material XLPE INSULATION SHIELD LONGITUDINAL WATER SEALING METALLIC SCREEN TEMPERATURE MONITORING RADIAL WATER SEALING OUTER JACKET Conductive PE Swell able tape Copper wire FIMT in metallic screen Laminate (Al or Cu) and PE Polyethylene

7 History of Polymer Insulated Cable Systems for Transmission Middleton / Norwalk Project Length: 69 Miles of new 345-kilovolt (kv) line 45 Miles of overhead 24 Miles of underground Project was energized in Dec. 2008

8 Typical EHV AC Submarine Cable Design Conductor material: Conductor screen material: Insulation material: Insulation screen: Longitudinal water seal: Metallic sheath material: Inner sheath material: Assembling: Cable core binder: Bedding: Armor material: Outer serving material: Copper Conductive PE Polymer (XLPE) Conductive PE Swell able tapes Lead alloy Conductive PE Polymeric profiles Polymeric tape Impregnated tape Galvanized steel Polypropylene yarn

9 Typical EHV AC Submarine Cable Design Conductor material: Conductor screen material: Insulation type/material: Insulation screen: Longitudinal water seal: Metallic sheath material: Inner sheath material: Armor material: Outer serving material: Copper Conductive PE Dry cured triple extruded XLPE Conductive PE Swelling tapes Lead alloy Conductive PE Copper wires Polypropylene yarn

10 Bayonne Energy Center Project 345 kv AC Cable System Brooklyn

11 Bayonne Energy Center Project 345 kv AC Cable System

12 Polymer Insulated Cable Systems for HV and EHV Transmission Charging current in AC cables increases cumulatively with distance. (For example, 25 miles of 345 kv XLPE cable requires approximately 600 Amps. charging current.) Capacity to transmit real power diminishes with distance, limiting the practical length of AC underground and submarine cable transmission circuits. HVDC cables carry charging current only during energization.

13 History of Polymer Insulated Cable Systems for Transmission 1970 s: Deliveries of polymer insulated ( XLPE ) cable systems for voltage ratings up to 145 kv s: XLPE transmission cable systems rated 230 kv s: XLPE transmission cable systems rated 345 kv, 420 kv and 500 kv. 1999: The world s first polymer insulated cable system for direct current transmission.

14 Gotland HVDC Underground Cable Project In-Service Year 1999 Application Connect a new onshore wind power facility on the southern part of the island to Gotland s main load centre. Fast reactive power regulation to support integration of wind power facility to the island s grid. Solution 43 miles long, 160 kv (±80 kv), 50 MW, HVDC underground cable circuit. (HVDC underground cables made it much easier to obtain permits for the new line.) Compact HVDC voltage source converters that provide dynamic voltage support to the island s AC grid.

15 ABB HVDC Classic Projects Around the World

16 Quebec New England ±450 kv HVDC Line

17 HVDC Bipole (Traditional Layout for DC OH-Lines) + UDC Pole conductor ~ UDC Metallic return conductor ~ Electrode UDC - UDC Pole conductor

18 Sandy Pond MW HVDC Converter Station

19 Sandy Pond 1000 MW HVDC Converter

20 World s First HVDC Transmission Gotland HVDC Cable System with Mercury Arc Valve Technology Capacity Rating: 100 kv 20 MW Cable Type: Mass-Impregnated Paper (MIND) 1 90 mm 2 Cu Cable Length: 100 km (62 miles) In-Service Year: 1954

21 HVDC MIND Cable Systems for HV and EHV Transmission Mass Impregnated Non Draining ( MIND ) MIND) paper insulation Significant submarine HVDC cable technology milestones: 1953 Gotland I: ±100 kv, 20 MW, 62 miles 1968 KontiSkan I: ±285 kv, 300 MW, 40 miles 1989 FennoSkan: ±400 kv, 500 MW, 124 miles 1994 Baltic Cable: ±450 kv, 600 MW, 155 miles 1999 SwePol Cable: ±450 kv, 600 MW, 143 miles 2008 NorNed Cable: ±450 kv, 700 MW, 360 miles Due to worker skills and time required for splicing, MIND cable technology is not a practical option for most long distance underground d transmission i applications.

22 Typical Solid Dielectric DC Cable Design Conductor material Conductor screen material Insulation type/material Insulation screen Copper or Aluminum Conductive PE Dry cured HVDC polymer (XLPE) Conductive PE Bedding Conductive swelling tapes Metallic screen Bedding Radial moisture barrier Outer jacket Copper wires Conductive swelling tapes Aluminum-PE laminate Polyethylene

23 Typical HVDC Light Submarine Cable Design Conductor material Conductor screen material Insulation type/material Insulation screen Copper Conductive PE Dry cured HVDC polymer (XLPE) Conductive PE Longitudinal moisture barrier Swelling tapes Metallic sheath material Inner sheath material Armor material Outer serving material Lead alloy Polyethylene Galvanized steel wires Polypropylene yarn

24 Symmetric Monopole (Typical Layout for DC Cables) + UDC Pole conductor ~ 2 UDC (Circuit Voltage) - UDC Pole conductor

25 HVDC VSC 640 kv (±320 kv), MW Less than 5 acres

26 Gotland HVDC Underground Cable Project In-Service Year 1999 Application Connect a new onshore wind power facility on the southern part of the island to Gotland s main load centre. Fast reactive power regulation to support integration of wind power facility to the island s grid. Solution 43 miles long, 160 kv (±80 kv), 50 MW, HVDC underground cable circuit. (HVDC underground cables made it much easier to obtain permits for the new line.) Compact HVDC voltage source converters that provide dynamic voltage support to the island s AC grid.

27 Gotland HVDC Underground Cable Project Näs converter station Bäcks converter station

28 Solid Dielectric Cables for HVDC Transmission Gotland 160 kv (±80 kv) 50 MW 43 miles Murray Link 300 kv (±150 kv), 220 MW 112 miles Type and PQ tests 2500 mm 2 ( 5000 kcmil) Cu or Al 640 kv (±320 kv), up to 1100 MW 2000 Direct Link 160 kv (±80 kv) 3 60 MW 3 40 miles 2006 EstLink 300 kv (±150 kv), 350 MW 20 miles (+46 miles subsea) 2009 BorWin kv (±150 kv), 400 MW 47 miles (+80 miles subsea) 2013 DolWin1 640 kv (±320 kv), 800 MW 60 miles (+47 miles subsea) 2015 NordBalt 600 kv (±300 kv), 700 MW 31 miles (+248 miles subsea) 2012 EWIP 400 kv (±200 kv), 500 MW 46 miles (+116 miles subsea) 2015 DolWin kv (±320 kv), 900 MW 56 miles (+28 miles subsea) In the Future In the Future Type and PQ tests 2500 mm 2 ( 5000 kcmil) Cu or Al 1000 kv (±500 kv), up to 1700 MW

29 HVDC Light projects Date is when the project entered into service, or is scheduled to enter into service. Cross Sound 2003, 330 MW Tjäreborg 2000, 7 MW Valhall 2010, 78 MW EWIP 2012, 550 MW Troll 2004, 2X40 MW Estlink 2006, 350 MW Gotland 1999, 50 MW Hällsjön 1997, 3 MW Eagle Pass 2000, 36MW BorWin , 400 MW NordBalt 2015, 700 MW DolWin , 800 MW DolWin , 900 MW Caprivi link 2010, 300 MW Directlink 2000, 3X60 MW Murraylink 2002, 220 MW

30 HVDC VSC 640 kv (±320 kv), MW Less than 5 acres

31 HVDC VSC 640 kv (±320 kv), MW Two-level converter + U d Cascade connection IGBT current limit: 1,880 Amp. DC Power losses: Less than 1% -U d

32 HVDC VSC 640 kv (±320 kv), MW P-Q Diagram Operating Area Active Power (p.u.) Reactive Power (p.u.) HVDC VSC Operating Range

33 Examples of Existing and Planned Polymer Insulated DC Cable Projects

34 Murray Link HVDC Cable Project Application Interconnection of remote parts of the transmission systems in South Australia and Victoria. Electricity trading in deregulated power market. Solution 112 miles long, 300 kv (±150 kv), 220MW, HVDC underground cable circuit. Compact HVDC voltage source converters that provide dynamic voltage support to the grid. In-Service Year: 2002

35 Murray Link HVDC Cable Project

36 Murray Link HVDC Cable Project

37 Murray Link HVDC Cable Project Less than 13 ft. (4 meters) right-of-way width

38 Murray Link HVDC Cable Project Approximately 400 field joints

39 Other Arrangements for Cable Installation Duct bank system:

40 Cross Sound HVDC Cable Project Application Increased power transmission capacity between electricity markets in New England and Long Island. Solution 25 mile long, 300 kv (±150 kv), 330 MW, submarine HVDC cable circuit. Compact HVDC voltage source converters that provide dynamic voltage support to the grid. In-Service Year: 2002

41 Cross Sound HVDC Cable Project Hew Haven converter station Shoreham converter station

42 Cross Sound HVDC Cable Project

43 Mid-Atlantic t Power Pathway ay Project Application New transmission path from Pepco to DPL. Solution Two parallel 43 miles long, 640kV (±320kV) submarine (39 miles) and underground (4 miles) HVDC cable circuits plus approximately 40 miles of HVDC overhead circuit. Compact on-shore HVDC voltage source converters.

44 Mid-Atlantic t Power Pathway ay Project

45 500 kv Transmission Corridors

46 Mid-Atlantic t Power Pathway ay Project

47 Mid-Atlantic t Power Pathway ay Project

48 Mid-Atlantic t Power Pathway ay Project

49 Champlain Hudson Power Express (CHPE) 1,000 MW buried over 333 miles Two cables approximately 6 inch diameter Connecting clean hydro and wind with NYC Significant environmental benefits Significant power price reduction across the state Source:

50 Source: Northeast Energy Link (NEL) A feasibility study, completed in 2010, found the NEL to be a highly achievable project based on the significant need for new electric transmission, a positive regulatory environment, proven and reliable DC cable and converter station technology, geographic location, and ease of constructability. The proposed project concept includes: Direct current (DC) technology that reduces line losses and is more efficient for long distance electric transmission and underground construction; An underground cable circuit extending approximately 230 miles from Orrington, ME to Tewksbury, MA; Capacity of 1,100 MW at +/-320kV DC; AC/DC converter stations on each end; AC upgrades north of Orrington to collect renewable energy generated in northern and eastern Maine.

51 Source:

52 BorWin 1 HVDC Cable Project Application Interconnection of large off-shore wind generation facility to the German electric power transmission i grid. Solution 127 miles long, 300 kv (±150 kv), 400 MW, submarine (80 miles) and underground (47 miles) HVDC cable circuit. Compact off-shore and on-shore HVDC voltage source converters. In-Service Year: 2009

53 BorWin 1 HVDC Transmission System Cable Designs North Sea segment (75 miles) 1200 mm 2 Cu Wadden Sea segment (5 miles) 1600 mm 2 Cu Underground segment (47 miles) 2300 mm 2 Al

54 BorWin 1 HVDC Cable Project BorWin Alpha converter station Diele converter station

55 BorWin 1 HVDC Cable System in Germany Power cables and fiber optic cable in common trench

56 Installation of Underground Cable Segment

57 Installation of Underground Cable Segment

58 Installation of Underground Cable Segment

59 Installation of Underground Cable Segment Mobile splicing unit

60 Installation ti of Underground d Cable Segment

61 Other HVDC Cable Interconnections under Construction in Germany

62 DolWin1 North Sea to Northern Germany Application Interconnection of large off-shore wind generation facility to the German electric power transmission grid. Solution 107 miles long, 640 kv (±320 kv), 800 MW, submarine (47 miles) and underground (60 miles) HVDC cable circuit. Compact off-shore and on-shore HVDC voltage source converters. In-Service Year: 2013

63 DolWin 2 North Sea to Northern Germany Application Interconnection of large off-shore wind generation facility to the German electric power transmission grid. Solution 84 miles long, 640 kv (±320 kv), 900 MW, submarine (28 miles) and underground (56 miles) HVDC cable circuit. Compact off-shore and on-shore HVDC voltage source converters. In-Service Year: 2015

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

71 Polymer Insulated Cable for HV and EHV Transmission Systems ABB Kabeldon, Alingsås ABB High Voltage Cables, Karlskrona One of the world s most modern cable factories Extruded cables for AC and DC Submarine and underground systems

72 Polymer Insulated Cable for HV and EHV Transmission Systems Huntersville, North Carolina Extruded cables for AC and DC Same manufacturing process as in Karlskrona Focus on underground cable systems Employees Approximately 120 Investment Approximately $90 million Manufacturing commences in 2012

73 Polymer Insulated Cable for HV and EHV Transmission Systems

74 ABB Group August 30, 2012 Slide 74