The Electric Power System

Transcription

1 The Electric Power System - Sweden- Swedish Power System 1

2 2 Basic facts 2014 Area: km 2 Population: 9.6 Million Number of electricity consumers: 5.3 Million Number of TSOs: 1 Number of DSOs: 170 Peak load: 23,4 GW (all time high 27 GW in 2001) SAIDI: 139 min (2013) (SAIDI=System Average Interruption Duration Index) Swedish Power System 2

3 Global map of the grid and of its interconnections 3 Interconnectors with: Norway Finland Denmark Lithuania (in operation end of 2015/beginning of 2016 Poland Germany Swedish Power System 3

4 Source :Energimyndigheten 4 Grid facts and characteristics The Swedish electricity grid is devided as the picture below shows: Transmission grid kv Voltage level Kilometers 400 kv kv HVDC Regional network kv Local network 10 kv Local network 10 kv Regional network kv Swedish Power System 4

5 DSO-Grid TSO-Grid Structure of electrical power supply 5 Conventional Generation 400 kv 220 kv 130 kv Utilities Industry 10 kv 400 V Dispersed Generation Households Swedish Power System 5

6 6 Structure of electrical power system Swedish Power System 6

7 7 Map of the Transmission Grid Swedish Power System 7

8 8 Information on TSO Name: Svenska kraftnät Network length (km): Annual transmitted energy (TWh): 115 (of 151 generated 2014) Website: Swedish Power System 8

9 Installed capacity with reference to primary resources 9 Total installed capacity MW (2014) Hydro power: Wind power: Nuclear power: Solar: 79 Other: CHP: 5056 Swedish Power System 9

10 Energy production with reference to primary resources 10 Electricity generated 151,2 TWh (2014) Hydro power: 64,2 Wind power: 11,5 Nuclear power: 62,2 Solar: 0 Other: 13,3 CHP: 12,8 Swedish Power System 10

11 TWh Development of generated capacity 11 Swedish Power System 11

12 Main Driving Forces behind Swedish transmission grid development Integration of new producion, mainly increasing share of RES in the system Re-investment needs in an aging transmission grid Market integration with neigbouring countries through interconnections 12 Swedish Power System 12

13 13 Main Driving Forces behind Swedish transmission grid development Million Euros Market integration Re-investments Connection new production Swedish Power System 13

14 14 Production Mix in Sweden Swedish Power System 14

15 15 Production Mix in the Nordic and neighbouring countries Swedish Power System 15

16 16 Comsuption per consumer groups 2013 Swedish Power System 16

17 Simulated Energy Balance Scenario PRODUCTION CONSUMPTION Swedish Power System 17

18 Location of renewable energy sources 18 Today: Primarily Hydro in the north, Wind in the south Wind to be located in the north more in the future Nuclear and thermal primarily in the south Swedish Power System 18

19 Euro cent/kwh Price development for industry consumers 19 Prices include taxes, VAT, tarriffs and electricity certificates. Swedish Power System 19

20 Euro cent/kwh Price development for households 20 Prices include taxes, VAT, tarriffs and electricity certificates. Swedish Power System 20

21 Electricity export over time and exports share of production TWh 12,1% TWh 6,7% TWh 10,3% Generation TWh Consumption TWh Swedish Power System 21

22 22 Interconnectors and its capacity The capacity of 16 interconnectors to: Norway (AC) Finland and Denmark (AC & DC) Germany, Poland and soon Lithuania (all DC) comprices 28% of installed production capacity Total: 10 GW. Swedish Power System 22

23 23 Peak load 2014 Peak load share of production sources Dec. 29th AM MW Peak load power exchange Swedish Power System 23

24 Market Coupling General principle Capacity nomination Calculation & Distribution CZCs Closing of Order books Publication of Market results Deadline schedules 08:15 10:30 12:00 12:55 14:30 08:15: Latest time for market participants to nominate Day-Ahead Use acquired rights or capacity given to Market Coupling - Use-it-or-Sell-it 08:15: Nominations are summed up and sum is send to Common System Common System calculates with help of nominations the CZCs 10:30: Common System sends the collected CZCs to the exchange system 12:00: Order books of power exchange close 12:55: Final market results are send to all market participants 14:30: Deadline for nomination of schedules CZC: cross zonal capacity Swedish Power System 24 24

25 Source: EpexSpot Price Coupling of Regions (PCR) in Europe WHAT is PCR? Price Coupling of Regions (PCR) is the initiative of seven European Power Exchanges to harmonise the European electricity markets HOW is this done? By developing a single price coupling algorithm to be used to calculate electricity prices across Europe Swedish Power System 25 25