OFFSHORE WIND ENERGY CAPACITY REACHES ALMOST 5.4 GW IN 2017

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1 STATUS AND PROSPECTS FOR OFFSHORE WIND ENERGY IN GERMANY Status 30 June 2018

2 An overview of the current state of offshore wind energy in Germany as of 30 June 2018 is presented in this article, including an outlook for the expected development until * OFFSHORE WIND ENERGY CAPACITY REACHES ALMOST 5.4 GW IN 2017 The installed capacity of offshore wind farms (OWF) in the German North and Baltic Seas in 2017 has exceeded the threshold of five gigawatts (GW). As of 31 December 2017, 1,169 wind turbines (WT) with a total capacity of 5,387.4 MW were in operation. As shown in Fig. 1, all newly built WT could also be connected to the grid without delay. Thus, in 2017 for the first time, it was possible to bridge the gap between installed capacity and grid-connected capacity. In the first half of 2018, five OWF off the German coast were under construction. Fig. 2 gives an overview of the construction progress in the realization of the German offshore wind farms in the period 1 January to 30 June The OWF Arkona is being built in the Baltic Sea, while all other projects are being realized in the North Sea. In the North Sea, the installation of foundations has started for the OWF Borkum Riffgrund 2 (56 MHI Vestas V ), EnBW Hohe See (71 Siemens SWT ) and Trianel Windpark Borkum II (32 Senvion 6.2 M152). The first wind turbines have been established in the OWF Merkur Offshore and Borkum Riffgrund 2. In the Baltic Sea, the monopile foundations for all 60 WT of the OWF Arkona were already installed in It should be mentioned that, in the first half of the year, substations at sea were also installed for all offshore wind farms under construction. The substation for the OWF Trianel Windpark Borkum II has been in operation since the commissioning of the first expansion stage of the project in * The data are based on a survey of project developers, as well as data from the Federal Network Agency (BNetzA), the Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency (BSH) and own research. Page 2

3 In the first half of 2018, a total of 65 WT with a total capacity of MW off the German coast were built, but not yet put into operation. Fig. 3 shows the shares of the WT classes used, as well as the manufacturer's shares, and the average size of the German offshore wind turbines in operation. In 2018, wind turbines from MHI Vestas and GE were installed in German offshore wind farms for the first time. With a rated power of 8.3 MW, the OWF Borkum Riffgrund 2 also uses the most powerful wind turbines ever. OUTLOOK ON THE DEVELOPMENT UNTIL 2020 The grid connections DolWin 3 and BorWin 3 are currently under construction in the German North Sea, which are designed as high-voltage direct-current transmission (HVDC). Both connections should be operational by 2019, making a total of 12 grid connection systems available in the North Sea. In July 2017, the DolWin Gamma converter station was successfully installed at sea (Fig. 4). This was an important milestone for the realization of the network connection DolWin 3, which is expected to go into operation in In August 2017, the transmission system operator TenneT began laying the submarine cable for BorWin 3. In May 2018, the foundation for the BorWin Gamma converter station was installed at sea, with the construction Page MW Status Offshore Wind MW installed / errichtet MW in operation / in Betrieb (cumulated / kumuliert) 2018 UL International 914,9 2352,3 MW installed / errichtet 1016,1 3541,3 3295,3 4231,0 4108,3 MW in operation / in Betrieb 5387,4 MW ,3 185,3 215,3 520, ,0 200,3 280, Fig. 1: Overview of the development of offshore wind energy in Germany from Merkur Offshore Monopiles installed / Monopiles installiert ( ) Arkona Monopiles installed / Monopiles installiert (Status ) Fig. 2: Overview of the construction progress of the German OWF in the first half of 2018 Number of Wind Turbines Anzahl Windenegrieanlagen Fig. 3: Senvion 10,8% Adwen 16,8% 2018 UL International Bard 6,8% Total: 1169 WT/WEA* Siemens 65,4% *incl. 2 Neashore Other 0,2% Suction Bucket Jackets Foundations planned / Fundamente geplant Borkum Riffgrund 2 30 EnBW Hohe See Wind turbines installed / WEA installiert (Status ) Wind turbines planned / WEA geplant Status Wind turbines installed / WEA installiert ( ) UL International Trianel Windpark Borkum II 6 6,4 MW 5 5,1 MW 3,6 4,2 MW 2,3 2,5 MW Ø 4,6 MW German offshore wind turbines with grid connection WT classes and manufacturer share

4 of the topside planned for the second half of the year. BorWin 3 and the associated converter station BorWin Gamma are expected to be operational in Fig. 5 gives an overview of the grid connections in the German North Sea and the offshore wind farms connected there, with all OWF marked in yellow expected to be in operation by The construction of the OWF Deutsche Bucht (33 MHI Vestas ) and Albatros (16 Siemens SWT ) is scheduled to begin in autumn 2018 with the installation of the first foundations. After completion of all grid connection systems, a total capacity of 7,132 MW is available in the German North Sea. Figure 5 shows, however, that if all the offshore wind farms described above were to be installed, a connection capacity of 539 MW would not be used until The grid connection system Ostwind 1 is currently under construction in the German Baltic Sea. Ostwind 1 comprises the 3 three-phase alternating current (AC) systems OST-1-1, OST-1-2 and OST-1-3 with a connection capacity of 250 MW each. After the completion of Ostwind 1, a total of five grid connection systems in the Baltic Sea with a total capacity of 1,074 MW are available, with 15 MW remaining unused until Taking into account the two near-shore wind turbines in Rostock and Emden, an offshore wind energy capacity of almost 7.7 GW will be online by 2020 in the German North and Baltic Seas. DEVELOPMENT IN THE PERIOD For offshore wind turbines to be commissioned beginning 2021, the Federal Network Agency awarded the first tenders on 1 April 2017 and on 1 April 2018 for the entitlement of OWF projects and the value from electricity generated from offshore wind farms. With a tendering volume of 3,100 MW in total, the tenders shall achieve the addition of 500 MW in 2021 (exclusively in the Baltic Sea), of 500 MW in 2022, and of 700 MW annually in the years for the so-called "transitional phase" between 2021 and Only "existing projects" at sites in the territorial sea or in Fig. 4: Converter station DolWin Gamma, right: DolWin Alpha (Photo: TenneT TSO GmbH) clusters 1 to 8 in the North Sea or in clusters 1 to 3 in the Baltic Sea according to the federal offshore plan (BFO), could take part in the tender rounds. Another prerequisite for participation in the tenders was that a permit (or plan approval) had already been granted for the projects before 1 August 2016, or at least a public hearing date had been carried out. Fig. 6 gives an overview of the OWF awarded in the 2017 and 2018 tenders, which can, therefore, be realized by The overview also shows the grid connection systems required for the transition phase, which were determined in the offshore grid development plan (O-NEP). In the period from 2021 to 2022, the AC connections OST-2-1, OST-2-2 and OST-2-3, each with a capacity of 250 MW, shall be available in the Baltic Sea, while in the North Sea, the availability of the HVDC systems DolWin 6, DolWin 5 and BorWin 5 with 900 MW each is expected for the period For the construction of DolWin6, the transmission system operator TenneT has already awarded in July 2017 the contract to Siemens for the technology for the HVDC transmission, and to Nexans for the supply and installation of the DC cables. As a result of the two 2017 and 2018 tender rounds, six previously approved OWF and four projects without permit (or plan approval) were accepted. The OWF Kaskasi II can be connected to the already existing grid connection HelWin 2 with the added power of 325 MW, reducing the unused connection capacity of HelWin 2 from Page 4

5 O-NEP PROJECT GRID CONNECTION SYSTEM NETZANBINDUNGSSYSTEM AVAILABILITY BETRIEBSBEREIT- SCHAFT CAPACITY LEISTUNG OFFSHORE WIND FARM (OWF) OFFSHORE WINDPARK (OWP) OWF COMPLETION OWP FERTIG STELLUNG NOR-2-1 alpha ventus (AC) - 62 MW 05/ MW alpha ventus (04/2010) NOR-6-1 BorWin MW 12/ MW Bard Offshore 1 (09/2013) NOR-0-1 Riffgat (AC) MW 02/ MW Riffgat (07/2013) 400 MW Veja Mate (05/2017) NOR-6-2 BorWin MW 01/ MW Deutsche Bucht (+ 2 Pilot WT / WEA) (2019 pl.) 117 MW EnBW Albatros (2019 pl.) 14 MW free capacity / freie Kapazität NOR-4-1 HelWin MW 02/ MW Meerwind (04/2014) 288 MW Nordsee Ost (12/2014) 288 MW DanTysk (09/2014) NOR-5-1 SylWin MW 04/ MW Butendiek (08/2015) 288 MW Sandbank (01/2017) NOR-4-2 HelWin MW 06/ MW Amrumbank West (10/2015) 387 MW free capacity / freie Kapazität 200 MW Trianel Windpark Borkum (06/2014) NOR-2-2 DolWin MW 07/ MW Borkum Riffgrund 1 (05/2015) 200 MW Trianel Windpark Borkum II (2019 pl.) 88 MW free capacity / freie Kapazität 252 MW Gode Wind 02 (04/2016) NOR-3-1 DolWin MW 04/ MW Gode Wind 01 (05/2016) 332 MW Nordsee One (09/2017) NOR-0-2 Nordergründe (AC) MW 12/ MW Nordergründe (12/2017) 400 MW Merkur Offshore (2018 pl.) NOR-2-3 DolWin MW (2018 pl.) 450 MW Borkum Riffgrund 2 (2018 pl.) 50 MW free capacity / freie Kapazität NOR-8-1 BorWin MW (2019 pl.) 400 MW Global Tech I (Interim BorWin 2) (08/2014) 500 MW EnBW Hohe See (2019 pl.) 6593 MW 539 MW Utilized capacity / genutzte Kapazität free capacity / freie Kapazität OST 3-1 Baltic 1-51 MW 05/ MW EnBW Baltic 1 (05/2011) OST 3-2 Baltic MW 09/ MW EnBW Baltic 2 (09/2015) OST-1-1 Ostwind MW 2018 pl. 250 MW Wikinger (350 MW) (12/2017) OST-1-2 Ostwind MW 2019 pl. 250 MW Arkona (385 MW) (2018 pl.) OST-1-3 Ostwind MW 2019 pl. 235 MW Wikinger / Arkona (12/2017 / 2018 pl.) 15 MW free capacity / freie Kapazität 1074 MW Utilized capacity / genutzte Kapazität Source / Quelle: UL DEWI, BNetzA, O-NEP 2030 Fig. 5: Grid connections and offshore wind farms realized by 2020 Page 5

6 O-NEP PROJECT GRID CONNECTION SYSTEM NETZANBINDUNGS- SYSTEM AVAILABILITY GRID CONNEC- TION BETRIEBSBEREIT- SCHAFT NETZ- ANSCHLUSS AWARD ZUSCHLAG CAPACITY LEISTUNG OFFSHORE WIND FARM (OWF) OFFSHORE WINDPARK (OWP) OWF PERMISSION OWP GENEHMIGUNG NOR-4-2 HelWin MW 06/ MW Kaskasi II 62 MW free capacity / freie Kapazität MW Gode Wind III (14 WT / WEA) NOR-3-3 DolWin MW (2023 pl.) MW Gode Wind (42 WT / WEA) 658 MW free capacity / freie Kapazität NOR-1-1 DolWin MW (2024 pl.) MW Borkum Riffgrund West MW OWP West (41 WT / WEA) MW Borkum Riffgrund West (77 WT / WEA) NOR-7-1 BorWin MW (2025 pl.) MW EnBW He Dreiht (119 WT / WEA) NORTH SEA / NORDSEE: 2367 MW Awarded capacity / bezuschlagte Kapazität OST MW (2019 pl.) MW Wikinger Süd 5 MW free capacity / freie Kapazität OST MW (2021 pl.) MW Arcadis Ost I (58 WT / WEA) 3 MW free capacity / freie Kapazität OST MW (2021 pl.) MW Baltic Eagle (476 MW) MW Baltic Eagle OST MW (2022 pl.) 24 MW free capacity / freie Kapazität Fig. 6: Grid connections and offshore wind farms planned by 2025 BALTIC SEA / OSTSEE (AC): 733 MW Awarded capacity / bezuschlagte Kapazität Source / Quelle: BNetzA, O-NEP 2030, Vorentwurf FEP Status: MW to 62 MW. In the Baltic Sea, the unused connection capacity of the grid connection OST-1-1, which is already under construction, can be reduced from 15 MW to 5 MW by connecting the OWF Wikinger Süd (10 MW). By 2022, the OWF Arcadis Ost I and Baltic Eagle with a total capacity of 723 MW are to be connected in the Baltic Sea, leaving a spare connection capacity of 27 MW. In the North Sea, the full utilization of the 900 MW HVDC systems DolWin 5 and BorWin 5 is foreseen. For the DolWin 6 grid connection, on the other hand, only 342 MW were awarded in the OWF Gode Wind III and Gode Wind 04, meaning that over 70% of the 900 MW connection capacity will remain unused for the time being. In this context, it is worth noting that, between 2005 and 2013, permits have already been granted for a total of 188 WT in four additional OWF in the respective North Sea area. However, despite free connection capacity and existing OWF permits, these projects cannot now be linked to DolWin 6 because of a missing award in the 2017/2018 tenders. A tender award is a prerequisite for the realization since the introduction of the German wind energy at sea-law. Finally, it should be noted that the planned 900 MW HVDC grid connection SylWin 2, which should be operational by 2025, will not be realized until further notice. As a background, it can be seen that no bid was awarded in the tenders for the two OWF planned in the respective North Sea area, which already have permits for 80 WT since Fig. 7 shows an overview of the development of offshore wind energy in the North Sea by Page 6

7 Sandbank Dan Tysk Butendiek GlobalTech I Albatros EnBW Hohe See Bard Offshore 1 Veja Mate Deutsche Bucht EnBW He Dreiht Trianel WP Borkum Trianel WP Borkum II Merkur Offshore Borkum Riffgrund 2 Borkum Riffgrund 1 Borkum Riffgrund West 2 Borkum Riffgrund West OWP West Alpha Ventus Riffgat Amrumbank West Kaskasi II Nordsee Ost Meerwind Süd/Ost Gode Wind 04 Gode Wind III Gode Wind 02 Gode Wind 01 Nordsee One Nordergründe start of construction in 2018 (pl.) construction in (pl.) Source / Quelle: BSH (Map / Karte) Project data / Projektangaben: UL International Fig. 7: Overview of the deployment of offshore wind energy in the North Sea until 2025 MW North Sea / Nordsee Baltic Sea / Ostsee Fig. 8: Deployment path of offshore wind energy in the North and Baltic Seas until 2030 TENDERS FOR THE OFFSHORE CONSTRUCTION FROM 2026 For the commissioning of offshore wind farms from 2026, the tender will take place in the so-called "central model". In one bidding date per year, an average of MW will be tendered. Due to the long lead times for planning and approval, the central model only becomes effective after the transition phase described above (commissioning ). The so-called "area development plan" (FEP) serves as a central planning tool for the use of offshore wind energy, which specifies the areas at sea where offshore wind farms will be built. The area-development plan is conceived by the Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency (BSH) in Page 7

8 agreement with the Federal Network Agency (BNetzA), which determines how and when these areas will be connected to the grid. In May 2018, the BSH submitted the "Preliminary Design of the Area Development Plan 2019 for the German Exclusive Economic Zone of the North and Baltic Seas". For the central model, the bidders compete in the tender for the construction of an offshore wind farm on a previously investigated area. Only successful bidders with the required tender award can build wind turbines in this area, and are entitled to the market premium and the use of the grid-connection capacity. Fig. 8 shows the deployment path of offshore wind energy in the North and Baltic Seas until References: Offshore grid development plan (O-NEP) as revised on 2 May 2017; Confirmation from the Federal Network Agency (BNetzA) dated 22 December 2017 Preliminary design of the area development plan (FEP) 2019 for the German exclusive economic zone of the North and Baltic Seas; Editor: Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency (BSH), 25 May 2018 Federal offshore plan (BFO) for the German Exclusive Economic Zone of the North Sea 2016/2017 and BFO for the German exclusive economic zone of the Baltic Sea 2016/2017; Editor: Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency (BSH), 22 December 2017 For further information please contact: BERND.NEDDERMANN@UL.COM Phone : UL International GmbH, Wilhelmshaven (Germany) 2018 UL LLC. All rights reserved. This white paper may not be copied or distributed without permission. It is provided for general information purposes only and is not intended to convey legal or other professional advice. Page 8