Pavement Performance Prediction Symposium July 17, 2008 University of Wyoming Laramie, Wyoming

Transcription

1 Pavement Performance Prediction Symposium July 17, 2008 University of Wyoming Laramie, Wyoming

2 Acknowledgements: John D Angelo - FHWA FHWA Mobile Asphalt Testing Laboratory Program Chuck Paugh Project Manager Jagan Gudimettla Mixture Project Engineer Satish Belagutti Binder Project Engineer Raj Dongré DLS, Inc Justin Tesch Mix Technician Joshua Thompson Mix Technician David Heidler Binder Technician Darnel Jackson Binder Technician also FHWA Turner Fairbank Highway Research Center Nelson Gibson Scott Parobeck Frank Davis 2

3 How Many WMA Technologies are Available in the U.S.? 3

4 How Many WMA Technologies are Available in the U.S.? Currently 12 Technologies Actively Marketed and Available in the U.S. 4

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7 7 Hall Street, St. Louis, MO

8 Interstate 70, Dillon, CO 70 miles West of Denver, CO Elevation 8,800 11,100 Feet Dillon 8

9 9 East Entrance, Yellowstone, WY

10 MAMTL Trailer WMA Projects Location Hall St., St. Louis, MO I-70, Dillon, CO, West of Eisenhower Tunnel East Entrance Road, Yellowstone National Park, WY Warm Mix Asphalt Projects Mix Design 12.5mm Superpave 9.5mm Superpave 19mm Hveem Lab Compaction Level, Gyrations Base Binder Grade 100 PG PG PG Technologies Aspha-Min Evotherm Sasobit Advera Evotherm Sasobit Advera Sasobit 10 Mobile Asphalt Mixture Testing Laboratory

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12 12 Advera WMA

13 13 Advera WMA

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18 18 Emulsion

19 19 DAT

20 FHWA Power Chart 12.5 mm Superpave, MO Percent Passing JMF Maximum Density Line PCS Sieve Size Raised to 0.45 Power

21 FHWA Power Chart 12.5 mm Superpave, MO Percent Passing JMF Maximum Density Line Control Sasobit T1 Sasobit T2 Evotherm T1 Evotherm T2 Aspha Min Sieve Size Raised to 0.45 Power

22 Hall Street, St. Louis, MO Asphalt Binder Content Percent Control Sasobit 280F Sasobit 240F Evotherm 280F Evotherm 240F Aspha-Min 280F Va- Voids in Total Mix Percernt Control Sasobit 280F Sasobit 240F Evotherm 280F Evotherm 240F Aspha-Min 280F

23 Hall Street, St. Louis, MO 17 VMA- Voids in Mineral Aggregate Percernt Control Sasobit 280F Sasobit 240F Evotherm 280F Evotherm 240F Aspha-Min 280F 23

24 FHWA Power Chart 9.5mm Superpave, CO0777 Percent Passing Sieve Size Raised to 0.45 Power Maximum Density Line Mix Design PCS 24

25 FHWA Power Chart 9.5mm Superpave, CO0777 Percent Passing Maximum Density Line Mix Design PCS Control 1 Control 2 Advera 1 Advera 2 Sasobit 1 Sasobit Sieve Size Raised to 0.45 Power

26 Interstate 70, Dillon, CO 7.0 Asphalt Binder Content Percent Sample Number Ign Pb USL LSL Target 26 Percernt Va- Voids in Total Mix Sample Number Va USL Target LSL

27 Interstate 70, Dillon, CO 19 VMA- Voids in Mineral Aggregate Percernt Sample Number VMA Target USL LSL 27

28 Interstate 70, Dillon, CO Mix Type Field Property Control Advera WMA Control Sasobit Control Evotherm Low Air Temp. ( F) Delivery Temp. ( F) * 260 * 235 * 243 At Screed Temp. ( F) * 243 * 230 * 235 Mat Density (% Rice) (single data point) * Minimum delivery temp for control HMA was 280 F 28 Chart is Courtesy of CODOT

29 FHWA Power Chart 19 mm Hveem, WY 0778 Percent Passing Sieve Size Raised to 0.45 Power Maximum Density Line JMF PCS 29

30 FHWA Power Chart 19 mm Hveem, WY Percent Passing Sieve Size Raised to 0.45 Power Maximum Density Line JMF PCS Control Avg. Advera Avg. Sasobit Avg. 30

31 East Entrance, Yellowstone, WY Percent Percernt Asphalt Binder Content 0 1 CONTROL MIX ADVERA 9 10 MIX SASOBIT MIX18 19 Sample Number Va- Voids in Total Mix CONTROL MIX ADVERA MIX SASOBIT MIX 31 Sample Number

32 East Entrance, Yellowstone, WY Percernt VMA- Voids in Mineral Aggregate 0 1 CONTROL MIX ADVERA 9 10 MIX SASOBIT MIX18 19 Sample Number VMA Target USL LSL 32

33 33 East Entrance, Yellowstone, WY

34 Binder Characterization Objective Evaluate the effects of three Warm Mix process namely Sasobit, Aspha-Min and Evotherm on M320-Table 2 Performance Grade To Compare the Performance Grades of Warm Mix processes with the base asphalt used in preparing warm mix asphalts 34

35 Study Approach Experiment Design Base Asphalt PG Base Asphalt + 1.5% Sasobit Base Asphalt % Aspha-Min Evotherm (emulsion) 35

36 Hall Street, St. Louis, MO M320 Continuous Performance Grade M320, Table 2 Performance Grade Additive Rate, by wt of binder Base w/ Sasobit % w/ Aspha-Min % Evotherm (recovered per ASTM D 6934)

37 Hall Street, St. Louis, MO High Temperature Low Temperature 48 Continuous PG Base Asphalt Sasobit Aspha-min Asphalt Binders 37

38 80 64 Hall Street, St. Louis, MO PG Comparison - Evotherm High Temperature Low Temperature 48 Continuous PG BASF Method-BASF BASF Method-FHWA British ASTM D Asphalt Binders 38

39 I-70, Dillon, CO M320 Continuous Performance Grade M320, Table 2 Performance Grade Additive Rate, by wt of binder Base Sasobit % Aspha-Min Advera % 39 Evotherm No Data Obtained Due to Schedule

40 I-70, Dillon, CO High Temperature Low Temperature 48 Continuous PG Base Sasobit Advera Asphamin Evotherm Asphalt Binders 40

41 East Entrance Rd, Yellowstone, WY M320 Continuous Performance Grade M320, Table 2 Performance Grade Additive Rate, by wt. of binder Base Sasobit % Advera % 41

42 East Entrance Road, Yellowstone, CO High Temperature Low Temperature 48 Continuous PG Base Sasobit Advera Asphalt Binders 42

43 Findings Sasobit increase of one high temp. PG grade Aspha-Min - no effect on PG grade Evotherm recovered at BASF, no effect on the PG grade recovered from the stored emulsion, reduced by one high temp. PG grade 43

44 Findings Emulsion recovery processes had no effect on the PG. The PGs from all three recovery methods were found to be the same ASTM D6934 was found to be the quickest and easiest process to recover the Evotherm residue from emulsion 44

45 Mixture Characterization Objectives When should WMA performance specimens be tested What are the effects of reheating on WMA performance test properties Approach Immediate Compaction / Immediate Testing Immediate Compaction / Delayed Testing Reheated Compaction and Testing 45

46 St. Louis Paving Schedule Control (12.5mm PG 70-22) 5/17/06 Sasobit 5/18/06 Sasobit 5/19/06 Evotherm 5/22/06 Evotherm 5/23/06 Aspha-Min 5/25/06 46

47 Sampling Truck bed every 2 hours of production Volumetric P b Ignition G mm G mb Immediate Testing E* and Fn next day after manufacture TSR and Hamburg (TFHRC) 47

48 Sampling Truck bed every 2 hours of production Volumetric P b Ignition G mm G mb Delayed Testing E* and Fn testing 2-3 weeks after manufacture TSR and Hamburg (TFHRC) 48

49 Sampling Reheated compaction and testing conducted by TFHRC 1~2 tons mixture 15 5 gallon buckets SPT; TSR; Hamburg Nelson Gibson - TFHRC 49

50 Sampling Reheated compaction and testing conducted by TFHRC 1~2 tons mixture 15 5 gallon buckets SPT; TSR; Hamburg Nelson Gibson - TFHRC 50

51 Superpave Gyratory Compactor 366 specimens fabricated over 6 days 51

52 Dynamic Modulus (E*) Test Temperatures 4.4º C (40º F) 21.1º C (70º F) 37.8º C (100º F) 54.4º C (130º F) Frequencies 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 25 Hz 52

53 Master Curve Arrenhius Fit 25 Hz 5 Hz 1 Hz 0.1 Hz C 21.1 C 37.8 C 54.4 C Fit 1.E-10 1.E-08 1.E-06 1.E-04 1.E-02 1.E+00 1.E+02 1.E+04 1.E E*, ksi Reduced Time, sec 53

54 Hall Street, St. Louis, MO Control Mixture Immediate 1000 E*, MPa Delayed 100 Reheated 1.E-09 1.E-07 1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05 Reduced Time, sec 10 54

55 Hall Street, St. Louis, MO Sasobit Mixture Immediate-280 F Delayed-280 F Reheated-280 F Immediate-240 F Delayed-240 F E*, MPa Reheated-240 F 10 1.E-09 1.E-07 1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05 Reduced Time, sec 55

56 Hall Street, St. Louis, MO Evotherm Emulsion Mixture Immediate-280 F Delayed-280 F Reheated-280 F Immediate-240 F Delayed-240 F E*, MPa Reheated-240 F 10 1.E-09 1.E-07 1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05 Reduced Time, sec 56

57 Hall Street, St. Louis, MO Aspha-min Mixture Immediate 1000 E*, MPa Delayed 100 Reheated 1.E-09 1.E-07 1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05 Reduced Time, sec 10 57

58 Hall Street, St. Louis, MO Immediately Compacted Immediately Tested Control Mix Sasobit 280ºF Sasobit 240ºF Evotherm 280ºF Evotherm 240ºF E*, MPa Aspha-Min 280ºF 10 1.E-09 1.E-07 1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05 Reduced Time, sec 58

59 Hall Street, St. Louis, MO Immediately Compacted Delayed Testing Control Mix Sasobit 280ºF Sasobit 240ºF Evotherm 280ºF Evotherm 240ºF Aspha-Min 280ºF E*, MPa 1.E-09 1.E-07 1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05 Reduced Time, sec 10 59

60 Hall Street, St. Louis, MO Reheated Compaction Delayed Testing Control Mix Sasobit 280ºF Sasobit 240ºF Evotherm 280ºF Evotherm 240ºF Aspha-Min 280ºF E*, MPa 1.E-09 1.E-07 1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05 Reduced Time, sec 10 60

61 I-70, Frisco, CO E* - Master Curve E*, MPa Control Mix Advera Sasobit 1.E-09 1.E-07 1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05 Reduced Time, sec

62 E. Entrance Rd, Yellowstone, WY Pb - 5.3%, Mix Design Replication E* - Master Curve E*, MPa Control Mix Advera 100 Sasobit 10 1.E-09 1.E-07 1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05 Reduced Time, sec 62

63 E. Entrance Rd, Yellowstone, WY Average WMA Production E* - Master Curve E*, MPa Control Mix Advera 100 Sasobit 10 1.E-09 1.E-07 1.E-05 1.E-03 1.E-01 1.E+01 1.E+03 1.E+05 Reduced Time, sec 63

64 Flow Number, Fn Test Temperatures LTTPBind, Version 3.1 Software Site pavement 50% Reliability Pavement Temperature Pavement Temperature + 6 C Pavement Temperature - 6 C 64

65 Flow Number, Fn Hall Street, St. Louis, MO Test Temperatures 46º C (115º F) 52º C (126º F) 58º C (136º F) Loading 600 kpa Deviator Stress 0 kpa Confining Pressure 65

66 Flow Number, Fn Immediate and Delayed Test Specimens 46 C 52 C 58 C Control Sasobit T1 Sasobit T2 Evotherm T1 Evotherm T2 Aspha - Min Control Sasobit T1 Sasobit T2 Evotherm T1 Evotherm T2 Aspha - Min Control Sasobit T1 Sasobit T2 Evotherm T1 Evotherm T2 Aspha - Min Flow Number, cycles

67 Aspha - Min Flow Number, Fn Immediate and Delayed Test Specimens 46 C 52 C 58 C Control Sasobit T1 Sasobit T2 Evotherm T1 Evotherm T2 Aspha - Min Control Sasobit T1 Sasobit T2 Evotherm T1 Evotherm T2 Aspha - Min Control Sasobit T1 Sasobit T2 Evotherm T1 Evotherm T2 Total 5% Strain

68 Flow Number, Fn I-70 - Frisco, CO Test Temperatures 36º C (97º F) 42º C (108º F) 48º C (118º F) Loading 689 kpa (100 psi) Deviator Stress 69 kpa (10 psi) Confining Pressure 68

69 I-70 Flow Number, Fn C 42 C 48 C 700 Flow Number, cycles Control Advera Sasobit Evotherm 69

70 I-70 Flow Number, Fn C 42 C 48 C 3000 Total 5% Strain Control Advera Sasobit Evotherm 70

71 Findings Immediate vs. Delayed Testing Evotherm & Aspha-Min Performance testing - delayed after specimen manufacture Sasobit Performance testing can be conducted immediately after specimen manufacture 71

72 Interstate 70, Dillon, CO Mix Type Lab Property Control Advera WMA Control Sasobit Results are from the CDOT QA lab QC results were comparable Control Evotherm AC (%) Voids (%) VMA (%) TSR (%) Stability Hamburg (mm rut) * Average of other control mix tested on the job. Regardless of Hamburg Rut Depth, Moisture damage more prevalent in the WMA samples than the control samples see following pictures 3.0 * Chart is Courtesy of CODOT

73 I-70 Hamburg Advera CDOT Hamburg History: 75 gyration mixtures typically fail Hamburg, but fail primarily due to plastic flow rutting rather than stripping/moisture damage CONTROL 9.46 mm *Data and Photos are Courtesy of CODOT ADVERA 9.79 mm 73

74 I-70 Hamburg Sasobit CONTROL mm *Data and Photos are Courtesy of CODOT SASOBIT mm 74

75 I-70 Hamburg Evotherm CONTROL mm *Data and Photos are Courtesy of CODOT Evotherm mm 75

76 Yellowstone Hamburg Control mm and 4.00 mm Advera mm and 3.25 mm Sasobit mm and 2.60 mm *All the testing was performed at 40 C wet and reported at 20,000 passes. 76

77 WMA Technical Working Group (TWG) FHWA / NAPA sponsored Co-Chairs Matthew Corrigan, FHWA Ron White, Industry Represented State DOT AASHTO State APA Labor NCAT NIOSH Hot Mix Asphalt Industry 77

78 International WMA Conference NAPA, FHWA & AASHTO sponsored November 11-13, 13, 2008 in Nashville, TN Features: Processes Mix Production & Placement Energy consumption Engineering Mix Design State of the Practice Material Properties Future Direction Environmental Performance 78

79 Warm Mix Asphalt: Best Practices 79 Quality Improvement Series (QIP) 125 Stockpile Moisture Management Burner Adjustments and Efficiency Aggregate Drying and Baghouse Temperatures Drum Slope and Flighting Combustion Air RAP usage Placement Changes 79

80 WMA European Scan Tour Joint Program w/ FHWA, AASHTO, NCHRP and Industry Publication FHWA-PL Scan Final Report Electronic copy.pdf available at 80 80

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