LUBRICANT (OIL) ANALYSIS COMPARISON

Transcription

1 LUBRICANT (OIL) ANALYSIS COMPARISON Objective (General): Objective (Specific): Methodology: Rig: Operated by: To monitor the rates of wear, contaminants and additives in used engine oils. Examples of contaminants include: - Dirt and Dust - Water - Glycol - Metals - Fuel Not only does oil analysis provide insight into the mechanical condition of the component, it also determines the condition of the oil itself. This type of analysis can be used to determine maintenance strategies such as optimizing oil change frequencies, filter quality and efficiency. Oil analysis is a quick, nondestructive way to gauge the health of an engine by looking at what's in the oil. People use oil analysis for different reasons: to see if there are any problems developing, to see if their oil is working well in the engine, and to see if they can run longer oil changes. Determine the effect and influence OCTCET35 has on oil properties, integrity and quality of oil in spite of the CAT engines fitted with the advanced Puradyn oil filter. Compare an oil sample from the same rig before the introduction of OCTCET35 into the diesel with an oil sample from the same rig after the introduction of OCTCET35. Scan Victory Scandrill, Inc. 1

2 Engine/s: CAT 3512C engine no E199 Oil brand: Type: Grade: Mobil Fleet (for heavy duty and off-road) SAE 15W40 Test method: ASTM-D Sample date: February 15, 2015 Tested by: ALS Tribology (tested ULSD untreated diesel) Sample date: March 15, 2016 Tested by: Polaris Labs (tested OCTCET35 ULSD treated diesel) 2

3 ELEMENT/PROPERTY ALS TRIBOLOGY MEASUREMENT AVERAGE untreated OCTCET35 diesel POLARIS MEASUREMENT AVERAGE OCTCET35 treated diesel DIFFERENCE % COMMENTS/REMARKS Wear Metals (ppm) A general metal analysis determines the metal content as well as the level of wear metals, additives and contaminants in new and in oil. When wear metals is measured, it is to identify if frictional wear occurs during the relative motion between lubricated surfaces, despite the fact that these surfaces are usually coated with an oil film. Wear metal analysis can indicate which engine components are wearing and if the wear is becoming significant. This information can make the difference between minor component inspections and minor repairs or major overhauls. Wear metals will increase slowly over a period of time and moderate increases may be considered normal. Sudden increases without a reason or cause indicate a potential problem. An increase of over 50% of the baseline trend should be investigated to determine the cause. The engine/equipment owner is alerted to the severity and type of problem occurring in the engine/equipment compartment. The serviceability of the oil can be analyzed by interpreting the source of each metals. Iron (Fe) % Iron in oil is related to cylinder liners, rings, gears, crankshaft, camshaft, valve train, oil pump gear, and wrist pins. A reduction indicates a trend to reduce engine wear and friction. Chromium (Cr) < %+ Chromium in oil is related to rings, liners, exhaust valves, shaft plating, stainless steel alloy. A reduction indicates a trend to reduce engine wear and friction. Lead (Pb) % If the level of lead in the oil is high, it could mean that bushings and/or main and rod bearings were wearing faster than normal at the point of testing. A reduction indicates a trend to reduce engine wear and friction. Not related to the usage of OCTCET35 treated diesel. 3

4 Copper (Cu) % Copper in oil is related to lube coolers, valve guides, main, rod, and turbo bearings, bushings, oil coolers and lube additives. In diesel engines, copper is second only to iron as the most abundant wear metal. A reduction indicates a trend to reduce engine wear and friction. Tin (Sn) < %+ Tin in oil is related to piston flashing, bearing overlay, and bronze alloy. A reduction indicates a trend to reduce engine wear and friction. Aluminum (AI) < %+ Aluminum in oil is related to pistons, thrust, turbo and main bearings. A reduction indicates a trend to reduce engine wear and friction. Nickel (Ni) < %+ Nickel in oil is related to valve plating, steel alloy from crankshaft, camshaft, and gears. A reduction indicates a trend to reduce engine wear and friction. Silver (Ag) < %+ Silver in oil is related to wrist pin bushings and lube coolers. A reduction indicates a trend to reduce engine wear and friction. Titanium (Ti) < %+ Titanium compound added to engine oil creates a wear-resistant nanoscale layer bound to the surface of vulnerable engine parts, making it a credible substitute for older compounds that do not coexist well with antipollution equipment. Vanadium (V) < %+ Vanadium occurs naturally in about 65 different minerals and in fossil fuel deposits. A reduction indicates a trend to reduce engine corrosion. Contaminant Metals (ppm) The most common engine oil contaminants are silicon (dirt), fuel dilution and antifreeze coolant. Silicon (dirt) contamination is the most common form of contamination and causes serious engine wear due to its abrasive actions against all moving parts within the engine. Coolant is another very common oil contaminant and probably the most serious. Water from the coolant reduces the lubricant properties causing severe bearing problems, while the glycol degrades at high temperatures and forms into sludge. Monitoring water contamination levels is unreliable, as normal engine temperatures are high enough to evaporate water over time. Keeping detectable levels as low as 0.05%, coolant levels can be detected by chemical analysis and through monitoring the levels of boron, sodium and potassium in the oil. 20 ppm is normally considered high, however, 20 ppm without any related wear may indicate a contaminated sample or silicon from a source other than dirt. The presence of contaminant metals can also be symptoms of active problems in the assets that are not lubricant based. Silicon (Si) % The presence of airborne dirt and abrasives. As soon as a dust entry problem occurs in an engine, there is an increase in the silicon level of the oil and an acceleration of the wear pattern. This is contributed to an environmental influence. 4

5 If the silicon levels surpass 25 ppm, the air intake system should be inspected to locate the source of entry for the dirt and other airborne debris. Silicon in oil is related to dust, dirt, seals and sealants, coolant inhibitor, lube additive (15 ppm or less). Not related to the usage of OCTCET35 treated diesel. Sodium (Na) < % Dispersant/detergent as a result (maybe) of the use of a coolant. Sodium neutralizes acids from forming salts. Increase in Sodium is related to the increase in Silicon. Sodium in oil is related to lube additive, coolant inhibitor, salt water contamination, and wash detergents. Not related to the usage of OCTCET35 treated diesel. Potassium (K) % The presence of Potassium could be as a result of the use of a coolant agent but it is still far below any level of concern that is ppm. Potassium in oil is related to coolant inhibitor and airborne contamination. Not related to the usage of OCTCET35 treated diesel. Multi-source Metals (ppm) It indicates the detergent additive quality. A greater detergency additive performance, increases ability to flush and hold in suspension contaminates within the oil, while allowing the oil to still perform its lubrication duties at the highest required level. Not related to the usage of OCTCET35 treated diesel. Magnesium (Mg) % An increase in Magnesium as a dispersant/detergent indicates an ability to remove, hold and suspend dirt. Calcium (Ca) 1, , % Calcium is a dispersant/detergent ability to hold and suspend contaminates. It also acts as a contaminant from water. Not related to the usage of OCTCET35 treated diesel. Barium (Ba) < % Presence of Barium is usually related to an additive from synthetic lubricants. It is a corrosion inhibitor, detergent, and rust inhibitor. Not related to the usage of OCTCET35 treated diesel. Phosphorus (P) 898 1, % Phosphorus is an anti-wear and extreme pressure works together with Zinc. Anti-wear works as buffer zone between surface areas and parts for increased anti-oxidation capabilities which assists oil thermal and viscosity stability. Zinc (Zn) 1, , % An increase in the anti-wear works as buffer zone between surface areas and parts for increased anti-oxidation capabilities which assists oil thermal and viscosity stability. Zinc is an anti-wear additive. Molybdenum (Mo) % Improvement of the anti-wear for surface coating or treatment. Molybdenum is a lube additive, coolant Inhibitor and is related to ring plating. 5

6 Boron (B) < % Boron is a lube additive, a corrosion and coolant inhibiter, anti-wear and anti-oxidant compound. Not related to the usage of OCTCET35 treated diesel. Contaminants Diesel fuel will always contain a certain percentage of water. The goal is to keep water levels within acceptable limits, well below the saturation point. Water causes rust and corrosion of fuel system components and infrastructure. Water in diesel fuel wrecks fuel quality. Rust and corrosion in the tank create hard particulate that is carried in the fuel, causing engine wear. Component life is also shortened by water etching, erosion, cavitation and spalling. Water (%) <0.05 < % An increase in water is as a result of low or bad fuel quality used. Physical Tests Not related to the usage of OCTCET35 treated diesel. Viscosity (cst 100C) % This is the single most important property of a lubricating oil. It is the measurement of the oil s ability to flow at a specific temperature. Synthetic oils over non-synthetic products has the ability to flow easier, maintain viscosity index longer, come temperature and disperse heat quicker. Synthetics base oils however do not replace the quality of other required additives for high standards of performance. The minimum requirement for viscosity in new oil is 12.5 and higher. The baseline for Mobil SAE 15W40 oil, used by Scandrill in the Scan Victory, is Fuel Dilution (%) % Fuel dilution refers to the amount of raw, unburned fuel that ends up in the crankcase. Fuel dilution is the raw fuel residing in the crankcase. Fuel dilution of oil by unburned fuel reduces lubricant effectiveness. The main causes for higher levels are related to leaking injector seals or jumper lines, leaking fuel pump, excessive idling, allowing unburned fuel to escape past compression rings. The thinning of lubricant can lead to decreased lube film strength. Depending on certain variables, when fuel dilution exceeds 2.5% to 5%, corrective action should be taken. Fuel dilution can be identified from the viscosity values. A reduction in the number is an indication of improved combustion and an engine that is well maintained. Not related to the usage of OCTCET35 treated diesel. Soot (%) Infrared 0.3 < % Typically caused by reduced combustion efficiency, soot will increase engine wear especially in engines using EGR technology. Soot is generally the impure carbon particles generated from the incomplete combustion of a hydrocarbon. Fuel Soot is formed of carbon and is always found in diesel engine oil. The main reason for higher soot levels in oil is related improper air/fuel ratio, poor fuel quality and improper injector adjustment. Excessive amounts of soot indicate timing issues, over-fueling or dribbling injectors, worn compression rings. 6

7 Physical/ Chemical Base Number (BN) (mgkoh/g) The fuel soot level is a good indicator of engine combustion efficiency and should be monitored on a regular basis. Oil drain intervals can be extended by hours run or distance traveled if a reduction in Soot levels is measured % The Total Base Number (TBN), is an indication of how much of the original additives in oil, that is chemicals that enhance the oil's effectiveness - remain. This number indicates the oil s ability to neutralize acids that are produced during use. The higher the base number in the engine oil, the more acid it will be able to neutralize during use. New oils usually have a range of 5BN and up The most common reasons for a drop in the base number are related to low-quality fuel and oil oxidation. During combustion, a low-quality fuel with high sulfur content can produce sulfuric acid, which attacks the oil and causes a drop in the base number. Alternatively, an oil change is due in the nearby future. Not related to the usage of OCTCET35 treated diesel. 7

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10 DATE SAMPLED 16-May Apr Mar Mar Feb Jan-15 DATE RECEIVED 22-May Apr Mar Mar Feb Jan-15 DATE REPORTED 26-May Apr Mar Mar Feb Jan-15 Unit No. Unit: Make Model Serial No. Site Compartment: Name Make Model Serial No. Capacity: Customer: DISCOVERER UIN B Diesel Engine E141 LLA00495 Discoverer Generator 1 Engine Caterpillar 3512C LLA gal DIAGNOSIS All wear rates normal. Abrasive and other contaminant levels are acceptable. Viscosity within specified operating range. Action: Resample next service interval to further monitor. LAB NO SIF NO TIME ON UNIT Hrs TIME ON OIL Hrs OIL BRAND Mobil Mobil Mobil Mobil Mobil Mobil OIL TYPE Fleet Fleet Fleet Fleet Fleet Fleet OIL GRADE SAE 15W40 SAE 15W40 SAE 15W40 SAE 15W40 SAE 15W40 SAE 15W40 OIL ADDED gal FILTER Hrs OIL CHANGED WO NUMBER Metals (ppm) Iron (Fe) Chromium (Cr) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Lead (Pb) < Copper (Cu) Tin (Sn) <1 <1 <1 3 <1 1 Aluminium (Al) <1 < Nickel (Ni) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Silver (Ag) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Titanium (Ti) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Vanadium (V) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Contaminants (ppm) Silicon (Si) Sodium (Na) Potassium (K) 5 6 <5 <1 7 <5 Coolant No No No No No No Additives (ppm) Magnesium (Mg) Calcium (Ca) Barium (Ba) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Phosphorus (P) Zinc (Zn) Molybdenum (Mo) Boron (B) <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 Contaminants Water (%) <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 Physical Tests Viscosity (cst 100C) Fuel (%) Soot (%) Infrared Physical / Chemical Base Number (mgkoh/g) ANALYST: Sam Smith Phoenix LEGEND Normal Severe Abnormal Caution Normal 1

11 UIN B U.S. Laboratories Atlanta, Georgia Valley View, Ohio Presidential Drive Atlanta, GA Kansas City, Kansas Sunshine Road Kansas City, KS Portland, Oregon NW Front Avenue Portland, OR Canadian Laboratories Burlington, Ontario Burloak Drive, Unit 6 Burlington, ON L7L 6B Edmonton, Alberta Street Edmonton, AB T5S 1K Halle Dr. Suite D Valley View, OH Phoenix, Arizona West Earll Drive Phoenix, AZ Sparks, Nevada Greg Street, Suite 104 Sparks, NV Since services are based on samples and information supplied by others, and since corrective actions, if any, are necessarily taken by others, these services are rendered without any warranty or liability of any kind beyond the actual amount paid to ALS Tribology for the services. Reported recommendations are based on interpretations of the generated test results and historical data. Certain test results appearing in this report may have been tested at other ALS laboratories within the Tribology divisional network. Scandrill Inc Attn: Paul Mosvold Katy Freeway Houston Tx USA Filter Image 0002 v1.7 Filter patch test is not performed Contact laboratory for more information Acid Number: Base Number: Base Number (Perchloric): Fuel Dilution by GC: Fuel Dilution Visc/Setaflash Fuel Soot ATR/IR: Glycol: Metals by Rotrode AES: Metals by ICP AES: Ox, NOx, SOx, FTIR: TEST METHODS: ASTM D974/D664 ASTM D4739 ASTM D2896 ASTM D3524 ASTM D445/D7279/D3828 ASTM D7686 ASTM D2982 ASTM D6595 ASTM D5185 ASTM D7418/D7414/D7415 D7624 Particle Count: ASTM D7647 /ISO 11500, 4406 Viscosity: Water KF: Water Crackle: Sales & Marketing Houston, Texas Stancliff Road, Suite 210 Houston, TX International Locations Australia Brisbane, Perth, Sydney, Muswellbrook New Zealand Wellington Southeast Asia Kuala Lumpur, Singapore ASTM D445 / D7279 ASTM E203 Mod / D6304C In House South America Santiago de Chile Europe Prague 2

12 DATE SAMPLED 16-May Apr Apr Mar Feb Jan-15 DATE RECEIVED 22-May Apr Apr Mar Feb Jan-15 DATE REPORTED 26-May Apr Apr Mar Feb Jan-15 Unit No. Unit: Make Model Serial No. Site Compartment: Name Make Model Serial No. Capacity: Customer: DISCOVERER UIN Diesel Engine E142 LLAOO473 Discoverer Generator 2 Engine Caterpillar 3512C LLAOO473 DIAGNOSIS All wear rates normal. Abrasive and other contaminant levels are acceptable. Viscosity within specified operating range. Action: Resample next service interval to further monitor. LAB NO SIF NO TIME ON UNIT Hrs TIME ON OIL Hrs OIL BRAND Mobil Mobil Mobil Mobil Mobil Mobil OIL TYPE Fleet Fleet Fleet Fleet Fleet Fleet OIL GRADE SAE 15W40 SAE 15W40 SAE 15W40 SAE 15W40 SAE 15W40 SAE 15W40 OIL ADDED FILTER Hrs OIL CHANGED WO NUMBER Metals (ppm) Iron (Fe) Chromium (Cr) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Lead (Pb) <1 3 < Copper (Cu) Tin (Sn) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 1 Aluminium (Al) <1 1 <1 <1 1 1 Nickel (Ni) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Silver (Ag) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Titanium (Ti) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Vanadium (V) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Contaminants (ppm) Silicon (Si) <1 Sodium (Na) Potassium (K) 3 7 <1 <5 6 <5 Coolant No No No No No No Additives (ppm) Magnesium (Mg) Calcium (Ca) Barium (Ba) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Phosphorus (P) Zinc (Zn) Molybdenum (Mo) Boron (B) <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 Contaminants Water (%) <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 Physical Tests Viscosity (cst 100C) Fuel (%) Soot (%) Infrared Physical / Chemical Base Number (mgkoh/g) ANALYST: Sam Smith Phoenix LEGEND Normal Severe Abnormal Caution Normal 3

13 UIN U.S. Laboratories Atlanta, Georgia Valley View, Ohio Presidential Drive Atlanta, GA Kansas City, Kansas Sunshine Road Kansas City, KS Portland, Oregon NW Front Avenue Portland, OR Canadian Laboratories Burlington, Ontario Burloak Drive, Unit 6 Burlington, ON L7L 6B Edmonton, Alberta Street Edmonton, AB T5S 1K Halle Dr. Suite D Valley View, OH Phoenix, Arizona West Earll Drive Phoenix, AZ Sparks, Nevada Greg Street, Suite 104 Sparks, NV Since services are based on samples and information supplied by others, and since corrective actions, if any, are necessarily taken by others, these services are rendered without any warranty or liability of any kind beyond the actual amount paid to ALS Tribology for the services. Reported recommendations are based on interpretations of the generated test results and historical data. Certain test results appearing in this report may have been tested at other ALS laboratories within the Tribology divisional network. Scandrill Inc Attn: Paul Mosvold Katy Freeway Houston Tx USA Filter Image 0002 v1.7 Filter patch test is not performed Contact laboratory for more information Acid Number: Base Number: Base Number (Perchloric): Fuel Dilution by GC: Fuel Dilution Visc/Setaflash Fuel Soot ATR/IR: Glycol: Metals by Rotrode AES: Metals by ICP AES: Ox, NOx, SOx, FTIR: TEST METHODS: ASTM D974/D664 ASTM D4739 ASTM D2896 ASTM D3524 ASTM D445/D7279/D3828 ASTM D7686 ASTM D2982 ASTM D6595 ASTM D5185 ASTM D7418/D7414/D7415 D7624 Particle Count: ASTM D7647 /ISO 11500, 4406 Viscosity: Water KF: Water Crackle: Sales & Marketing Houston, Texas Stancliff Road, Suite 210 Houston, TX International Locations Australia Brisbane, Perth, Sydney, Muswellbrook New Zealand Wellington Southeast Asia Kuala Lumpur, Singapore ASTM D445 / D7279 ASTM E203 Mod / D6304C In House South America Santiago de Chile Europe Prague 4

14 DATE SAMPLED 16-May Apr Mar Feb Feb Jan-15 DATE RECEIVED 22-May Apr Mar Feb Feb Jan-15 DATE REPORTED 26-May Apr Mar Feb Feb Jan-15 Unit No. Unit: Make Model Serial No. Site Compartment: Name Make Model Serial No. Capacity: Customer: DISCOVERER UIN Diesel Engine E140 LLAOO483 Discoverer Generator 3 Engine Caterpillar 3512C LLAOO gal DIAGNOSIS All wear rates normal. Abrasive and other contaminant levels are acceptable. Viscosity within specified operating range. Action: Resample next service interval to further monitor. LAB NO SIF NO TIME ON UNIT Hrs TIME ON OIL Hrs OIL BRAND Mobil Mobil Mobil Mobil Mobil Mobil OIL TYPE Fleet Fleet Fleet Fleet Fleet Fleet OIL GRADE SAE 15W40 SAE 15W40 SAE 15W40 SAE 15W40 SAE 15W40 SAE 15W40 OIL ADDED gal FILTER Hrs OIL CHANGED WO NUMBER Metals (ppm) Iron (Fe) Chromium (Cr) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Lead (Pb) Copper (Cu) Tin (Sn) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 1 Aluminium (Al) 1 < Nickel (Ni) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Silver (Ag) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Titanium (Ti) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Vanadium (V) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Contaminants (ppm) Silicon (Si) Sodium (Na) Potassium (K) 3 7 <5 10 <1 <5 Coolant No No No No No No Additives (ppm) Magnesium (Mg) Calcium (Ca) Barium (Ba) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Phosphorus (P) Zinc (Zn) Molybdenum (Mo) Boron (B) <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 Contaminants Water (%) <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 Physical Tests Viscosity (cst 100C) Fuel (%) Soot (%) Infrared Physical / Chemical Base Number (mgkoh/g) ANALYST: Sam Smith Phoenix LEGEND Normal Severe Abnormal Caution Normal 5

15 UIN U.S. Laboratories Atlanta, Georgia Valley View, Ohio Presidential Drive Atlanta, GA Kansas City, Kansas Sunshine Road Kansas City, KS Portland, Oregon NW Front Avenue Portland, OR Canadian Laboratories Burlington, Ontario Burloak Drive, Unit 6 Burlington, ON L7L 6B Edmonton, Alberta Street Edmonton, AB T5S 1K Halle Dr. Suite D Valley View, OH Phoenix, Arizona West Earll Drive Phoenix, AZ Sparks, Nevada Greg Street, Suite 104 Sparks, NV Since services are based on samples and information supplied by others, and since corrective actions, if any, are necessarily taken by others, these services are rendered without any warranty or liability of any kind beyond the actual amount paid to ALS Tribology for the services. Reported recommendations are based on interpretations of the generated test results and historical data. Certain test results appearing in this report may have been tested at other ALS laboratories within the Tribology divisional network. Scandrill Inc Attn: Paul Mosvold Katy Freeway Houston Tx USA Filter Image 0002 v1.7 Filter patch test is not performed Contact laboratory for more information Acid Number: Base Number: Base Number (Perchloric): Fuel Dilution by GC: Fuel Dilution Visc/Setaflash Fuel Soot ATR/IR: Glycol: Metals by Rotrode AES: Metals by ICP AES: Ox, NOx, SOx, FTIR: TEST METHODS: ASTM D974/D664 ASTM D4739 ASTM D2896 ASTM D3524 ASTM D445/D7279/D3828 ASTM D7686 ASTM D2982 ASTM D6595 ASTM D5185 ASTM D7418/D7414/D7415 D7624 Particle Count: ASTM D7647 /ISO 11500, 4406 Viscosity: Water KF: Water Crackle: Sales & Marketing Houston, Texas Stancliff Road, Suite 210 Houston, TX International Locations Australia Brisbane, Perth, Sydney, Muswellbrook New Zealand Wellington Southeast Asia Kuala Lumpur, Singapore ASTM D445 / D7279 ASTM E203 Mod / D6304C In House South America Santiago de Chile Europe Prague 6

16 DATE SAMPLED 15-May Mar Feb Jan Dec Nov-14 DATE RECEIVED 22-May Mar Feb Jan Jan Nov-14 DATE REPORTED 26-May Mar Mar Jan Jan Nov-14 Unit No. Unit: Make Model Serial No. Site Compartment: Name Make Model Serial No. Capacity: Customer: PRIDE UIN 01035DD Diesel Engine E159 LLA02761 Pride Generator 1 Engine Caterpillar 3512C LLA02761 DIAGNOSIS All wear rates normal. Abrasive and other contaminant levels are acceptable. Viscosity within specified operating range. Action: Resample next service interval to further monitor. LAB NO SIF NO TIME ON UNIT Hrs TIME ON OIL Hrs OIL BRAND Mobil Mobil Mobil Mobil Mobil Mobil OIL TYPE Fleet Fleet Fleet Fleet Fleet Fleet OIL GRADE SAE 15W40 SAE 15W40 SAE 15W40 SAE 15W40 SAE 15W40 SAE 15W40 OIL ADDED FILTER Hrs OIL CHANGED WO NUMBER Metals (ppm) Iron (Fe) Chromium (Cr) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Lead (Pb) < Copper (Cu) Tin (Sn) <1 <1 2 <1 <1 <1 Aluminium (Al) 1 <1 < Nickel (Ni) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Silver (Ag) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Titanium (Ti) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Vanadium (V) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Contaminants (ppm) Silicon (Si) Sodium (Na) 5 10 <1 5 <1 5 Potassium (K) 2 5 <1 <1 <5 6 Coolant No No No No No No Additives (ppm) Magnesium (Mg) Calcium (Ca) Barium (Ba) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Phosphorus (P) Zinc (Zn) Molybdenum (Mo) Boron (B) <5 <5 <5 <5 <1 6 Contaminants Water (%) <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 Physical Tests Viscosity (cst 100C) Fuel (%) Soot (%) Infrared Physical / Chemical Base Number (mgkoh/g) ANALYST: Sam Smith Phoenix LEGEND Normal Severe Abnormal Caution Normal 7

17 UIN 01035DD U.S. Laboratories Atlanta, Georgia Valley View, Ohio Presidential Drive Atlanta, GA Kansas City, Kansas Sunshine Road Kansas City, KS Portland, Oregon NW Front Avenue Portland, OR Canadian Laboratories Burlington, Ontario Burloak Drive, Unit 6 Burlington, ON L7L 6B Edmonton, Alberta Street Edmonton, AB T5S 1K Halle Dr. Suite D Valley View, OH Phoenix, Arizona West Earll Drive Phoenix, AZ Sparks, Nevada Greg Street, Suite 104 Sparks, NV Since services are based on samples and information supplied by others, and since corrective actions, if any, are necessarily taken by others, these services are rendered without any warranty or liability of any kind beyond the actual amount paid to ALS Tribology for the services. Reported recommendations are based on interpretations of the generated test results and historical data. Certain test results appearing in this report may have been tested at other ALS laboratories within the Tribology divisional network. Scandrill Inc Attn: Paul Mosvold Katy Freeway Houston Tx USA Filter Image 0002 v1.7 Filter patch test is not performed Contact laboratory for more information Acid Number: Base Number: Base Number (Perchloric): Fuel Dilution by GC: Fuel Dilution Visc/Setaflash Fuel Soot ATR/IR: Glycol: Metals by Rotrode AES: Metals by ICP AES: Ox, NOx, SOx, FTIR: TEST METHODS: ASTM D974/D664 ASTM D4739 ASTM D2896 ASTM D3524 ASTM D445/D7279/D3828 ASTM D7686 ASTM D2982 ASTM D6595 ASTM D5185 ASTM D7418/D7414/D7415 D7624 Particle Count: ASTM D7647 /ISO 11500, 4406 Viscosity: Water KF: Water Crackle: Sales & Marketing Houston, Texas Stancliff Road, Suite 210 Houston, TX International Locations Australia Brisbane, Perth, Sydney, Muswellbrook New Zealand Wellington Southeast Asia Kuala Lumpur, Singapore ASTM D445 / D7279 ASTM E203 Mod / D6304C In House South America Santiago de Chile Europe Prague 8

18 DATE SAMPLED 15-May Mar Feb Jan Dec Nov-14 DATE RECEIVED 22-May Mar Feb Jan Jan Nov-14 DATE REPORTED 26-May Mar Mar Jan Jan Nov-14 Unit No. Unit: Make Model Serial No. Site Compartment: Name Make Model Serial No. Capacity: Customer: PRIDE UIN 01035D6 Diesel Engine E160 LLAO1868 Pride Generator 2 Engine Caterpillar 3512C LLAO1868 DIAGNOSIS All wear rates normal. Abrasive and other contaminant levels are acceptable. Viscosity within specified operating range. Action: Resample next service interval to further monitor. LAB NO SIF NO TIME ON UNIT Hrs TIME ON OIL Hrs OIL BRAND Mobil Mobil Mobil Mobil Mobil Mobil OIL TYPE Fleet Fleet Fleet Fleet Fleet Fleet OIL GRADE SAE 15W40 SAE 15W40 SAE 15W40 SAE 15W40 SAE 15W40 SAE 15W40 OIL ADDED FILTER Hrs OIL CHANGED WO NUMBER Metals (ppm) Iron (Fe) Chromium (Cr) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Lead (Pb) < Copper (Cu) Tin (Sn) <1 <1 2 <1 <1 <1 Aluminium (Al) <1 1 Nickel (Ni) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Silver (Ag) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Titanium (Ti) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Vanadium (V) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Contaminants (ppm) Silicon (Si) Sodium (Na) <1 5 Potassium (K) 4 <5 9 <1 <5 5 Coolant No No No No No No Additives (ppm) Magnesium (Mg) Calcium (Ca) Barium (Ba) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Phosphorus (P) Zinc (Zn) Molybdenum (Mo) Boron (B) <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 Contaminants Water (%) <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 Physical Tests Viscosity (cst 100C) Fuel (%) 1 1 <1 2 1 <1 Soot (%) Infrared Physical / Chemical Base Number (mgkoh/g) ANALYST: Sam Smith Phoenix LEGEND Normal Severe Abnormal Caution Normal 9

19 UIN 01035D6 U.S. Laboratories Atlanta, Georgia Valley View, Ohio Presidential Drive Atlanta, GA Kansas City, Kansas Sunshine Road Kansas City, KS Portland, Oregon NW Front Avenue Portland, OR Canadian Laboratories Burlington, Ontario Burloak Drive, Unit 6 Burlington, ON L7L 6B Edmonton, Alberta Street Edmonton, AB T5S 1K Halle Dr. Suite D Valley View, OH Phoenix, Arizona West Earll Drive Phoenix, AZ Sparks, Nevada Greg Street, Suite 104 Sparks, NV Since services are based on samples and information supplied by others, and since corrective actions, if any, are necessarily taken by others, these services are rendered without any warranty or liability of any kind beyond the actual amount paid to ALS Tribology for the services. Reported recommendations are based on interpretations of the generated test results and historical data. Certain test results appearing in this report may have been tested at other ALS laboratories within the Tribology divisional network. Scandrill Inc Attn: Paul Mosvold Katy Freeway Houston Tx USA Filter Image 0002 v1.7 Filter patch test is not performed Contact laboratory for more information Acid Number: Base Number: Base Number (Perchloric): Fuel Dilution by GC: Fuel Dilution Visc/Setaflash Fuel Soot ATR/IR: Glycol: Metals by Rotrode AES: Metals by ICP AES: Ox, NOx, SOx, FTIR: TEST METHODS: ASTM D974/D664 ASTM D4739 ASTM D2896 ASTM D3524 ASTM D445/D7279/D3828 ASTM D7686 ASTM D2982 ASTM D6595 ASTM D5185 ASTM D7418/D7414/D7415 D7624 Particle Count: ASTM D7647 /ISO 11500, 4406 Viscosity: Water KF: Water Crackle: Sales & Marketing Houston, Texas Stancliff Road, Suite 210 Houston, TX International Locations Australia Brisbane, Perth, Sydney, Muswellbrook New Zealand Wellington Southeast Asia Kuala Lumpur, Singapore ASTM D445 / D7279 ASTM E203 Mod / D6304C In House South America Santiago de Chile Europe Prague 10

20 DATE SAMPLED 15-May Mar Feb Jan Dec Nov-14 DATE RECEIVED 22-May Mar Feb Jan Jan Nov-14 DATE REPORTED 26-May Mar Mar Jan Jan Nov-14 Unit No. Unit: Make Model Serial No. Site Compartment: Name Make Model Serial No. Capacity: Customer: PRIDE UIN Diesel Engine E161 LLAO1875 Pride Generator 3 Engine Caterpillar 3512C LLAO1875 DIAGNOSIS All wear rates normal. Abrasive and other contaminant levels are acceptable. Viscosity within specified operating range. Action: Resample next service interval to further monitor. LAB NO SIF NO TIME ON UNIT Hrs TIME ON OIL Hrs OIL BRAND Mobil Mobil Mobil Mobil Mobil Mobil OIL TYPE Fleet Fleet Fleet Fleet Fleet Fleet OIL GRADE SAE 15W40 SAE 15W40 SAE 15W40 SAE 15W40 SAE 15W40 SAE 15W40 OIL ADDED FILTER Hrs OIL CHANGED WO NUMBER Metals (ppm) Iron (Fe) Chromium (Cr) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Lead (Pb) < Copper (Cu) Tin (Sn) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Aluminium (Al) <1 < Nickel (Ni) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Silver (Ag) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Titanium (Ti) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Vanadium (V) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Contaminants (ppm) Silicon (Si) Sodium (Na) <1 6 Potassium (K) <5 7 <5 Coolant No No No No No No Additives (ppm) Magnesium (Mg) Calcium (Ca) Barium (Ba) <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 Phosphorus (P) Zinc (Zn) Molybdenum (Mo) Boron (B) <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 Contaminants Water (%) <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 Physical Tests Viscosity (cst 100C) Fuel (%) 1 < Soot (%) Infrared Physical / Chemical Base Number (mgkoh/g) ANALYST: Sam Smith Phoenix LEGEND Normal Severe Abnormal Caution Normal 11

21 UIN U.S. Laboratories Atlanta, Georgia Valley View, Ohio Presidential Drive Atlanta, GA Kansas City, Kansas Sunshine Road Kansas City, KS Portland, Oregon NW Front Avenue Portland, OR Canadian Laboratories Burlington, Ontario Burloak Drive, Unit 6 Burlington, ON L7L 6B Edmonton, Alberta Street Edmonton, AB T5S 1K Halle Dr. Suite D Valley View, OH Phoenix, Arizona West Earll Drive Phoenix, AZ Sparks, Nevada Greg Street, Suite 104 Sparks, NV Since services are based on samples and information supplied by others, and since corrective actions, if any, are necessarily taken by others, these services are rendered without any warranty or liability of any kind beyond the actual amount paid to ALS Tribology for the services. Reported recommendations are based on interpretations of the generated test results and historical data. Certain test results appearing in this report may have been tested at other ALS laboratories within the Tribology divisional network. Scandrill Inc Attn: Paul Mosvold Katy Freeway Houston Tx USA Filter Image 0002 v1.7 Filter patch test is not performed Contact laboratory for more information Acid Number: Base Number: Base Number (Perchloric): Fuel Dilution by GC: Fuel Dilution Visc/Setaflash Fuel Soot ATR/IR: Glycol: Metals by Rotrode AES: Metals by ICP AES: Ox, NOx, SOx, FTIR: TEST METHODS: ASTM D974/D664 ASTM D4739 ASTM D2896 ASTM D3524 ASTM D445/D7279/D3828 ASTM D7686 ASTM D2982 ASTM D6595 ASTM D5185 ASTM D7418/D7414/D7415 D7624 Particle Count: ASTM D7647 /ISO 11500, 4406 Viscosity: Water KF: Water Crackle: Sales & Marketing Houston, Texas Stancliff Road, Suite 210 Houston, TX International Locations Australia Brisbane, Perth, Sydney, Muswellbrook New Zealand Wellington Southeast Asia Kuala Lumpur, Singapore ASTM D445 / D7279 ASTM E203 Mod / D6304C In House South America Santiago de Chile Europe Prague 12

22 SCAN DISCOVERER WITHOUT OCTCET35 SCAN PRIDE WITH OCTCET35 Iron = Iron = Difference = % 13

23 SCAN DISCOVERER WITHOUT OCTCET35 SCAN PRIDE WITH OCTCET35 Lead = 3.07 Copper = 5.55 Tin = 1.95 Lead = 5.0 Copper = 4.11 Tin = 1.47 Difference = +38.6% Difference = % Difference = % 14

24 SCAN DISCOVERER WITHOUT OCTCET35 SCAN PRIDE WITH OCTCET35 Silicon = 2.5 Sodium = Silicon = 3.16 Sodium = 9.78 Difference = % Difference = % 15

25 SCAN DISCOVERER WITHOUT OCTCET35 SCAN PRIDE WITH OCTCET35 Soot = 0.45 Fuel = 1.89 Soot = 0.32 Fuel = 1.0 Difference = % Difference = % 16

26 SCAN DISCOVERER WITHOUT OCTCET35 SCAN PRIDE WITH OCTCET35 Viscosity = Viscosity = Difference = 0.0% 17