mrrj izns'k esa ikfjokfjd mihkksdrk O;;

Transcription

1

2 mrr izns'k esa ikfokfd mihkksdrk O;; ¼tqykbZ 2006& twu 2007½ k"vªh; izfrn'kz losz{k.k 63oha vko`frr vuqlwph 1-0 i vk/kkfr vfkz,oa la[;k izhkkx kt; fu;kstu lalfkku mrr izns'k

3 izkddfku k"vªh; izfrn'kz losz{k.k laxbu ¼k-iz-l-½ Hkkr ldk ls leuo; [krs gq, vfkz,oa la[;k izhkkx] kt; fu;kstu lalfkku] mrr izns'k }kk lerqy; izfrn'kz vk/kk i fofhkuuk lkektkffkzd igyqvksa ls lecfu/kr vk dm+s izfr o"kz,d= fd;s tkrs gsaa k"vªh; izfrn'kz losz{k.k dh 63oha vko`frr ¼losZ{k.k vof/k tqykbz 2006&twu 2007½ ds vurxzr eq[; :i ls ikfokfd mihkksdrk O;;,oa vlaxfbr lsok {ks= m eksa ¼O;kik dks NksM+d½ ls lecfu/kr vk dm+s,d= fd;s x;s FksA mdr gsrq izfrn'kz ifokksa,oa m eksa dk p;u dus gsrq vuqlwph 0-0 esa ifokksa,oa m eksa dk lwphd.k drs le; dfri; lwpuk,a,df=r dh x;h FkhA izlrqr fiksvz **mrr izns'k esa ikfokfd ekfld mihkksdrk O;;** tqykbz 2006&twu 2007 k-iz-l- 63 oha vko`frr vuqlwph 1-0 esa kt; izfrn'kz ds vurxzr,df=r vk dm+ksa ds vk/kk i rs;k dh x;h gsa vk'kk gs fd izlrqr fiksvz mdr fo"k;d vk dm+ksa esa vfhk:fp [kus okys vu; laxbuksa rfkk 'kks/kdrkzvksa dh vko';drkvksa dh iwfrz esa mi;ksxh fl) gksxha losz{k.kksikur vk dm+ksa dh MsVk&bUVªh dus gsrq MsVk&bUVªh lkww Vos; isdst Jh f'kopu flag] la;qdr funs'kd ¼dEI;wV½ ds ekxzn'kzu esa lkw Vos; fodkl,oa izf'k{k.k lsy] izhkkx eq[;ky; }kk rs;k fd;k x;ka tuin Lr i vfkz,oa la[;kf/kdkh dk;kzy;ksa esa MsVk&bUVªh dk dk;z fd;k x;ka eq[;ky; i {ks= ls izkir vk dm+ksa ds =qfv&fuok.k] fo/kk;u,oa lk.kh;u rfkk fiksvz ys[ku ds dk;z dks Jh gseur dqek] vfkz,oa la[;kf/kdkh }kk leiuu dk;k x;ka fiksvz rs;k dus gsrq vk dm+ksa ds fo/kk;u,oa lk.kh;u esa Jh vk'kqrks"k dqek JhokLro] vfkz,oa la[;k fuh{kd,oa Jh fofp= dqek lkgw] vfkz,oa la[;k fuh{kd dk ;ksxnku lkguh; gka fiksvz dk ih{k.k,oa vuqjo.k Jh th-,l- dfv;k] mi funs'kd }kk le; i fd;k x;ka fiksvz dk Vad.k dk;z Jh :nzs'k nqcs] dfu"b lgk;d }kk fd;k x;ka esa mu lhkh ifokksa dk vkhkkh g w ftugkasus bl losz{k.k gsrq lwpuk nsus esa egroiw.kz lg;ksx iznku fd;ka IkzHkkx ds {ks=h; vf/kdkf;ksa o dezpkf;ksa ds lg;ksx,oa ifje ls mdr vkwadm+s,d= fd;s tk ldsa ¼vt;nhi flag½ fnukad % ebz ] 2010 vkffkzd cks/k,oa la[;k funs'kda

4 fo"k;&lwph ifpnsn fo"k; i`"b la[;k fiksvz dh eq[; fo'ks"krk;sa A-1 1- ifp;] fo"k; O;kfIr] losz{k.k vof/k] izfrn'kz vfhkdyi 3 ls lax.ku fof/k 12 ls losz{k.k ds fu"d"kz 15 ls dsunz rfkk kt; izfrn'kz ds vkwadm+ksa dk rqyukred v/;;u 36 ls 37 Iff'k"V fo"k; i`"b la[;k 1- lkaf[;dh; lkff.k;ksa dh lwph folr`r lk[;dh; lkff.k;kwa 39 ls losz{k.k gsrq iz;ksx vuqlwph ls 80 1

5 eq[; fo'ks"krk,asa kt; esa dqy tula[;k dk izfr'kr xzkeh.k {ks= esa rfkk izfr'kr uxh; {ks= esa vuqekfur gq,a kt; ds xzkeh.k rfkk uxh; {ks= esa vkslr ifok vkdk Øe'k% 5-60 rfkk 5-48 vuqekfur gqvka kt; ds xzkeh.k rfkk uxh; {ks= esa fyaxkuqikr Øe'k% 926 rfkk 902 vuqekfur gqvka izfr O;fDr ekfld vkslr mihkksdrk O;; xzkeh.k rfkk uxh; ds fy, Øe'k% : rfkk : vuqekfur gqvka kt; ds xzkeh.k rfkk uxh; nksuksa {ks=ksa esa vuktksa esa ls pkoy rfkk xsg w dk mi;ksx lokzf/kd gksrk ik;k x;ka mdr enksa dh izfr O;fDr ekfld vkslr [kir dh ek=k xzkeh.k {ks= esa Øe'k% 3-97 fdxzk@izfr O;fDr rfkk 7-78 fdxzk vuqekfur gqvka uxh; {ks= ds ekeys esa mdr enksa dh [kir dh ek=k Øe'k% 2-83 o 7-67 vuqekfur gqbza kt; ds xzkeh.k {ks= esa dqy 69 izfr'kr f'kf{kr O;fDr ik;s x;s ftlesa ls 81 izfr'kr iq:"k rfkk 58 izfr'kr efgyk FksA uxh; {ks= ds ekeys esa f'k{kk dk izfr'kr 79 izfr'kr vuqekfur gqvk ftlesa ls 84 izfr'kr iq:"k rfkk 74 izfr'kr efgyk, ghaa kt; ds xzkeh.k rfkk uxh; {ks= ds Øe'k% 99-3 izfr'kr rfkk 81 izfr'kr ifok futh vkokl esa fuokl drs ik;s x;sa kt; ds xzkeh.k rfkk uxh; {ks=ksa esa Øe'k% 51-7 izfr'kr rfkk 88-4 izfr'kr iddh lkexzh dk mi;ksx okl lapuk esa vuqekfur gq,a kt; ds xzkeh.k {ks= esa Hkkstu idkus ds fy, ÅtkZ dk izkfkfed lkzsr~& tykå ydm+h rfkk fpfii;k o miys dk 88 izfr'kr rfkk,y-ih-th- dk 5 izfr'kr ifok mi;ksx drs ik;s x;sa mdr ds foihr uxh; {ks= esa mdr izfr'kr Øe'k% 35-3 rfkk 60-3 gka kt; ds xzkeh.k {ks= esa izdk'k ds fy, bza/ku dk izkfkfed lkzsr~& fev~vh dk rsy mi;ksx dus okys lokzf/kd 73 izfr'kr rfkk fo qr dk iz;ksx dus okys 25-6 izfr'kr ifok vuqekfur gq,a blds foihr kt; ds uxh; {ks= esa mdr izfr'kr Øe'k% 16-7 rfkk 81-8 vuqekfur gqvka kt; ds xzkeh.k {ks= esa lokzf/kd 54-3 izfr'kr vu; finm+s oxz rfkk 25-9 izfr'kr vuqlwfpr tkfr ds ifok vuqekfur gq,a uxh; {ks= es mdr izfr'kr Øe'k% 45-3 rfkk 13-3 gka kt; ds xzkeh.k {ks= ds 47 izfr'kr ifok d`f"k esa Lo&fu;ksftr ik;s x;s rfkk d`f"k Jfed ifokksa dk izfr'kr 17-6 gka uxh; {ks= ds lokzf/kd 49-9 izfr'kr ifok Lo&fu;ksftr rfkk 28-1 izfr'kr ifok fu;fer vtzd ds vurzxr ik;s x;sa 15 o"kz ;k vf/kd vk;q ds xzkeh.k iq:"kksa esa finys 365 fnuksa ds nksku yksd fuekz.k esa dke ikus okyksa dk vuqikr 48 izfr 1000 Fkk vks ;g vuqikr xzkeh.k efgykvksa esa 35 izfr 1000 FkkA A-1 2

6 izfke&ifpnsn ifp;] fo"k; O;kfIr] losz{k.k vof/k] izfrn'kz vfhkdyi (Introduction, Subect coverage, Survey Period, sample Design) 1-0 Ifp; ¼Introduction½ Lkakf[;dh; izfrp;u i)fr;ksa dk mi;ksx dds k"vªh; izfrn'kz losz{k.k laxbu ¼k-iz-l-la-½ Hkkr ldk }kk o"kz 1950 ls lkektkffkzd {ks= ds vkwadm+s,d= fd;s tk gs gsaa ;g losz{k.k vko`frr;ksa ds :i esa leiuuk fd;k tkrk gsa mrr izns'k ldk dk vfkz,oa la[;k izhkkx] kt; fu;kstu lalfkku Hkh Hkkr ldk ds k"vªh; izfrn'kz losz{k.k laxbu ls leuo; [krs gq, lerqy; izfrn'kz vk/kk i uoha vko`frr ¼o"kZ 1955½ ls kt; izfrn'kz ds :i esa vkwadm+s,d= d gk gsa k"vªh; izfrn'kz losz{k.k laxbu ¼k-iz-l-la-½ 63 oha vko`frr esa ikfokfd mihkksdrk O;; ds lkfk&lkfk lsok {ks= m e ¼O;kik dks NksM+d½ ds vkwadm+s,d= fd;s x;s FksA 1-1 fo"k; O;kfIr ¼Subect coverage½ k"vªh; izfrn'kz losz{k.k ds 63 osa nks ¼tqykbZ 2006&twu 2007½ dks lsok {ks= m eksa ¼O;kik dks NksM+d½ i losz{k.k gsrq fpfugr fd;k x;k FkkA lhkh lsok {ks= m e] tks m ksx okf"kzd m ksx losz{k.k ¼ASI½ ds v/khu ugha gs bl losz{k.k ds v/khu vk;saxsa ldkh vks lkoztfud {ks= ds izfr"bku bl losz{k.k ds v/khu ugha vk;saxsa bl losz{k.k dh O;kfIr ds v/khu vkus okys lsok m eksa dks k"vªh; vks ksfxd oxhzd.k&2004 ¼NIC-2004½ ladsrkad ds v/khu fy;k x;ka 1-2 losz{k.k vof/k ¼Survey period½ k"vªh; izfrn'kz losz{k.k 63 oha vko`frr dh losz{k.k vof/k 1 tqykbz 2006 ls 30 twu 2007 fu/kkzfr FkhA losz{k.k vof/k dks rhu&rhu ekg ds pk miko`frr;ksa esa fueukuqlk fohkdr fd;k x;k FkkA Øe la- miko`frr vof/k izfke f}rh; r`rh; prqfkz 01 tqykbz 2006 ls 30 flrec vdvwc 2006 ls 31 fnlec tuoh 2007 ls 31 ekpz vizsy 2007 ls 30 twu

7 1-3- izfrn'kz vfhkdyi ¼Sample design½ bl vko`frr ds fy, nks <kwapsa ¼Frame½z izfke lwph <kapk ¼List frame½,oa f}rh; {ks= <kaps ¼Area frame½ dk mi;ksx fd;k x;ka lwph <kapk ¼List frame½ leiw.kz Hkkr esa lwphc) yxhkx 1000 lsok {ks= deifu;ksa dh,d lwph dk mi;ksx lwph <kaps ds :i esa fd;k x;ka forrh; {ks= m eksa dh lwph Hkkrh; ftoz csad }kk miyc/k dk;h x;h FkhA vu; lsok {ks= m eksa ds fy, deiuh dk;z ea=ky; }kk lwph miyc/k dk;h x;ha lwph <kaps ¼List frame½ esa lelr deifu;ksa ds fy, lwpuk lelr lhkh 'kk[kk dk;kzy;ksa i fopk drs gq,,d= dh x;ha lhkh 'kk[kk dk;kzy;ksa dks vkpnkfnr ¼Cover½ drs gq, lwph <kaps dh deifu;ksa ds fy,,d la;qdr vuqlwph dks Hkk x;ka lwph <kaps dh bu lhkh bdkb;ksa dk losz{k.k fd;k x;ka iurq bu deifu;ksa vks buds 'kk[kk dk;kzy;ksa dks {ks= <kapk losz{k.k dh O;kfIr ls ckg [kk x;k rkfd f}ko`frr u gksa bl <kaps dh bdkb;ksa gsrq dksbz miko`frr izfrcu/k ugha FkkA lwph <kaps ds lhkh m e dsunzh;,oa kt; nksuksa izfrn'kksza ds fy, mhk;fu"b FksA {ks= <kapk ¼Area frame½ {ks= <kaps dk mi;ksx xzkeh.k vks uxh; nksuksa {ks=ksa ds fy, fd;k x;k FkkA tux.kuk 2001 ds vuqlk xzkeksa dh lwph dk mi;ksx xzkeh.k {ks= ds fy, <kaps ds :Ik esa fd;k x;ka uxh; {ks= eas] <kapksa ds rhu iz:iksa dk mi;ksx fd;k x;ka ¼1½ 10 yk[k ;k mlls vf/kd ¼tux.kuk 2001 ds vuqlk½ tula[;k okys 27 uxksa ds fy, vkffkzd x.kuk 1998 dk mi;ksx <kaps ds :Ik esa fd;k x;ka ¼2½ vu; uxh; <kapk lwph uxksa ds fy, uxh; <kapk lwph [k.mksa dh v ru miyc/k lwph dk mi;ksx <kaps ds :Ik esa fd;k x;ka ¼3½ xs&uxh; <kapk lwph uxksa ds fy, osls uxh;@vio`f);ksa <kapk lwph [k.mksa dh v ru miyc/k lwph dk mi;ksx <kaps ds :Ik esa fd;k A 1-4 Lrhd.k ¼Stratification½ kt; ds izr;sd tuin esa nks fueu vk/kkhkwr Lr cuk;s x;s Fks %& ¼d½ xzkeh.k Lr ftlesa tuin ds lelr xzkeh.k {ks= lekfo"v FksA ¼[k½ uxh; Lr tlesa tuin ds lelr uxh; {ks= lekfo"v FksA rfkkfi izr;sd tuin esa tgkwa tux.kuk 2001 ds vuqlk,d ;k,d ls vf/kd ux 10 yk[k ;k vf/kd tula[;k ds 4

8 Fks] izr;sd,slk ux,d vyx Lr ¼Stratum½ cuk;k x;k Fkk rfkk 'ks"k uxh; {ks= dks lekfo"v drs gq,,d vu; Lr cuk;k x;k FkkA {ks= <kaps gsrq mi&lrhd.k ¼Sub-stratification½ xzkeh.k {ks= ¼Rural sector½ ;fn ^r,d xzkeh.k Lr ds fy, vkoafvr izfrn'kz vkdk gs rks xfbr milrksa dh la[;k *r/2* gsa <kaps ¼Frame½ ds vuqlk,d ftys ds lelr xzkeksa dks igys tula[;k ds vkksgh dze esa O;ofLFkr fd;k x;ka rri'pkr~ milr&1 ls dks bl rg ls lhekc) fd;k x;k fd izr;sd,d milr esa O;ofLFkr <kaps vks U;wukf/kd,d leku tula[;k okys xzkeksa dk,d lewg lekfo"v fd;k x;ka uxh; {ks= ¼Urban sector½ ¼d½ 27 'kgksa ds fy, tgkwa vkffkzd x.kuk 1998 ds <kaps dk mi;ksx fd;k x;k izr;sd Lr esa vkffzkd x.kuk 1998 dh lwpukvksa i vk/kkfr mi&lr fd;k x;ka tslk fd vxzfyf[kr gs %& mi Lr&1 losz{k.k O;kfIr ds v/khu forrh; {ks= ¼k- vks- o ladsrkad 659]66]67½ ds de ls de,d izfr"bku ¼vFkkZr de ls de,d fdk;s ds dkexk okyk m e½ okyh lelr iz-p-b-;ka-¼fsus½ mi Lr&2 iwoz ls xfbr milr&1 esa lekfo"v dks NksM+d os lelr iz-p-b-;ak- ¼FSUs½ ] ftuesa ¼NIC 2004½ k- vks- o ladsrkad ¼Codes½ 72]73 ;k 92 okyk de ls de,d izfr"bku losz{k.k ds v/khu FksA mi Lr&3 iwoz ls xfbr milrksa esa lekfo"v dks NksM+d os lelr iz-p-b-;ka- ¼FSUs½ ftuesa ¼NIC 2004½ k-vks-o ladsrkad ¼Codes½ 61]6302]70]71]90]9191 ;k 9199 okyk de ls de,d izfr"bku losz{k.k ds v/khu FksA mi Lr&4 iwoz ls xfbr milrksa esa lekfo"v dks NksM+d os lelr iz-p-b-;ka- ¼FSUs½ ftuesa ¼NIC 2004½ k-vks-o ladsrkad ¼Codes½ 602]6301]6303]6304]6309 ;k 85 okyk de ls de,d izfr"bku losz{k.k ds v/khu FksA mi Lr&5 iwoz ls xfbr milrksa esa lekfo"v dks NksM+d os lelr iz-p-b-;ka- ¼FSUs½ ftuesa ¼NIC 2004½ k-vks-o ds [k.m,p ¼H½] vkbz ¼I½] ts ¼J½] ds ¼K½],e ¼M½],u ¼N½ ;k vks ¼O½] okyk de ls de,d izfr"bku losz{k.k ds v/khu gksa mi Lr&6 iwoz ls xfbr milrksa esa lekfo"v dks NksM+d os lelr iz-p-b-;ka- ¼FSUs½ ftuesa de ls de,d Lo&dk;Zr m e ¼Own account enterprise½ vfkkzr losz{k.kk/khu ¼NIC 2004½ 5

9 k- vks- o- &2004 ds [k.m,p ¼H½] vkbz ¼I½] ts ¼J½] ds ¼K½],e ¼M½],u ¼N½] ;k vks ¼O½ esa ls fdlh esa cxs fdk;s ds dkexk dk m ea mi Lr&7 Lr dh 'ks"k cph iz-p-b-;ka- ¼FSUs½ ¼[k½,d ftys ds uxh; Lr ds 'ks"k 'kgksa,oa uxksa ds fy, rhu milr fueufyf[kr :Ik esa xfbr fd;s x;sa milr&1% lhkh u-<k-l- [k.m ftudh igpku vks ksfxd {ks= ¼IA½ ;k cktk {ks= ¼SA½ ;k vlirky ;k efyu clrh ds :Ik esa dh x;ha milr&2% 'ks"k cps u-<k-l- [k.m milr&3% xs u-<k-l- [k.ma tux.kuk 2001 dh vio`f);kawa 1-5 dqy izfrn'kz vkdk ¼Total sample size½ xzkeh.k rfkk uxh; {ks= dks izfrn kksaz dk vkoavu xzkeh.k vks uxh; {ks=ksa esa kt; o la0 k0 {ks0 Lrh; izfrn kksza dk vkoavu dkexkksa dh dqy la[;k ds vuqikr esa fd;k x;k A Lrksa dk vkoavu kt; ds izr;sd {ks= esa tux.kuk 2001 ds vuqlk Lr ds vuqikr esa fofhkuu LRkksa dk vkoavu fd;k x;k FkkA 1-6 izfke p.k bdkbz;ksa dk p;u ¼Selection of FSUs½ izr;sd Lr o mi&lr esa izfrn kksza dks nks mi&izfrn kksza esa fohkkftr fd;k x;k Fkk % xzkeh.k {ks= ¼Rural sector½ iz-p-b-;ka dk p;u izfrp;u lfgr vkdk dh vkuqikfrd izkf;drk ¼PPSWR½ ls fd;k x;ka tgkwa vkdk tux.kuk 2001 ds vuqlk **vu; dkexk** vfkkzr ikfokfd m ksx dkexk d`f"k Jfed d`"kd FksA uxh; {ks= ¼Urban sector½ ¼1½ 27 ux ftudh tula[;k 10 yk[k ls vf/kd Fkh muds fy, izfke p.k bdkb;ksa dk p;u vkuqikfrd izkf;drk ¼PPSWR½ ls fd;k x;ka ¼2½ vu; 'kgksa ds fy, iz-p-b-;ka- dk p;u izfrlfkkiu cxs ly ;kn`fpnd izfrp;u ¼SRSWOR½ }kk fd;k x;ka va'k 9 ¼Segment 9½ dk xbu izfrn'kz bdkbz dh lhek dks fuf pr dus ds ckn iwh iz- p- b- esa lhkh xs d`f"k m e ftuesa 50 ;k vf/kd dkexk vks ftugksaus losz{k.k frffk ls finys 365 fnuksa ds nksku de ls de 6

10 ,d fnu izpkyu fd;k gs] lwphd`r fd;s x;s Fks,oa O;kfIr ds v/khu lhkh ;ksx; bdkb;kwa loszf{kr dh x;haa lhkh cm+h lwphd`r bdkb;kwa va k 9 }kk xfbr dh x;h A O;kfIr ds v/khu lhkh ;ksx; m eksa dk va k 9 esa losz{k.k fd;k x;ka 1-7 [ksm+k lewgksa@mi&[k.mksa dk xbu rfkk mudk p;u izfrn'kz izfke p.k bdkbz dh vuqekfur orzeku tula[;k vks izfrn'kz xzke esa fo eku xs&d`f"k m eksa dh vuqekfur la[;k ds vuqlk cm+s xzkeksa@uxh; [k.mksa dks,d fuf pr la[;k ¼D½ esa fohkkftr fd;k x;k ftls [ksm+k lewg@mi&[k.m dgk x;ka [ksm+k lewg@mi&[k.mksa dh la[;k dks fueu izdk ls fu/kkzfr fd;k x;k % Tkula[;k xfbr fd;s tkus okys 1200 ls de 1200 ls ls ls [ksm+k&lewg@mi&[k.mksa la[;k dh xs&d`f"k dh la[;k m eksa 120 ls de 120 ls ls ls xfbr fd;s tkus okys [ksm+k&lewg@mi&[k.mksa dh la[;k &&&&&&& f}rh; p.k Lrksa ¼Second stage stratum½ dk xbu rfkk vuq0 1-0 ds ifokksa dk vkoavu,d xzkeh.k iz-p-b- esa vuqlwph 1-0 ds fy, losz{k.k fd;s tkus okys ifokksa dh la[;k 6 vks,d uxh; iz-p-b- esa ifokksa dh la[;k 4 FkhA vuq0 1-0 ds fy, loszf{kr gksus okys ifokksa dh la[;k f}rh; p.k LRk dh la/kvuk fueu izdk gs %& f}rh; p.k Lr ¼ SSS½ xzkeh.k f}rh; p.k Lr dh cukov 1 Ifok ftuds de ls de,d lnl; us finys 365 fnuksa ds nksku fdlh yksd fuekz.k ;kstuk esa de ls de,d fnu ds fy, dk;z fd;k vuq0 1-0 ds fy, losz{k.k&;ksx; ifokksa dh la[;k [ksm+k&lwg@mi& [k.m xbu cxs [ksm+k&lwg@mi&[k.m xbu lfgr ¼izR;sd va k ds fy,½ 2 1 7

11 2 'ks"k cps ifokksa esa ls os ifok ftudh /kkfr Hkwfe < X gs vu; ifok 2 1 Ukxh; 2 Ifok ftudk ek- iz- m- O;- ¼MPCE½ 2 1 A ls de 3 vu; ifok 2 1 xzkeh.k {ks= ds fy, X dk eku 1.23 gsdvs; Ukxh; {ks= ds fy, ek- iz- m- O;; A dk eku mi {ks= ladsrkad foo.k A (Rs.) 091 mrrh Åih xaxk esnku dsunzh; iwohz nf{k.kh nf{k.kh Åih xaxk esnku f}rh; p.k Lrksa ¼Second stage stratum½ dk xbu rfkk vuq ds fy, m eksa dk vkoavu izfrn'kz iz-p-b- ds izr;sd va k 1] 2 vks 9 esa O;kfIr ds v/khu vkus okys ;ksx; m eksa dks 8 f}rh; p.k Lr esa fueu izdk fohkdr fd;k x;k %& ¼1½ izfr"bku f}- p- Lr- 1% f}- p- Lr- 2% f}- p- Lr- 3% f}- p- Lr- 4% forrh; e/;lfkrk] eksfnzd e/;lfrk dks NksM+d] iurq /ku m/kk nsuk] Loa; lgk;rk lewg ¼Lo-l-l-½] lgdkh m/kk lkslkbvh ¼659½] chek vks isa ku fuf/kd.k ¼vfuok;Z lkekftd lq{kk ¼66½ dks NksM+d½] forrh; e/;lfkrk ds lgk;d dk;zdyki ¼67½ lfeefyr gksaxsa Hk.Mk.k,oa ekyxksnke ¼6302½ dei;wv,oa mlds fdz;kdyki ¼72½] vuqla/kku,oa fodkl ¼73½ ty ifogu ¼61½] eyty vks dwm+s dk fuivku] lkq&lqkbz ¼90½] laxbuksa dh lnl;rk ¼91½ gksvy vkfn ¼551½] lgk;d ifogu dk;zdyki] Hk.Mk.k,oa ekyxksnke dks NksM+d ¼6301] 6303] 6304] 6309½ ;k=k,tsful;ksa ds 8

12 f}- p- Lr- 5% ¼2½ Lo- dk- m- f}- p- Lr- 6% f}- p- Lr- 7% f}- p- Lr- 8% fdz;kdyki] Mkd,oa dqf; fdz;kdyki ¼641½] LFkko leink ¼701½] oklrqdyk] bathfu;h ¼742½] vkfn fokkiu ¼743½] ekuoh; LokLFk; ¼851½] pyfp= sfm;ks] Vh- oh-,oa vu; euksatu ¼921½ 'ks"k izfr"bku forrh; e/;lfkrk] eksfnzd e/;lfkrk dks NksM+d] iurq /ku m/kk nsus lfgr] Loa; lgk;rk lewg ¼Loa- l- l-½] lgdkh m/kk lkslkbvh ¼659½ LFkkok leink ¼70½] dei;wv,oa muls tqm+s fdz;kdyki ¼72½] vuqlu/kku,oa fodkl ¼73½] vu; fdz;k dyki ¼74½ 'ks"k ds Lo-dk-m- f}rh; p.k Lr ¼ SSS½ vuq ds fy, losz{k.k fd;s tkus okys m eksa dh la[;k [ksm+k&lewg@mi&[k.m xbu cxs [ksm+k&lewg@mi&[k.m xbu lfgr ¼izR;sd va'k ds fy,½ dqy izr;sd f}-p-lr ls vuqlwph ds fy, izfrn'kz m eksa dk p;u izfrlfkkiu cxs ly ;kn`fpnd izfrp;u ¼SRSWOR½ }kk fd;k tk;sxka 1-8 ladyiuk,,oa ifhkk"kk, ¼Concepts and definitions½ edku% izr;sd lapuk] recw] 'k.klfky vkfn,d edku Fkk Hkys gh mldk mi;ksx fdlh :i esa& vkoklh;] xs vkoklh;] nksuksa rfkk [kkyh ds :i esa gks gk FkkA 9

13 ifok% lkeku;r;k lkfk esa gus okys vks,d gh lksbz ls Hkkstu izkir dus okys O;fDr;ksa dk,d lewg,d ifok ekuk x;k FkkA,d ifok ds lnl;ksa ds chp [kwu dk f rk gks Hkh ldrk Fkk vks ugha HkhA,d ifok esa lkeku;r;k gus okys lnl;ksa dh la[;k ml ifok dk vkdk ekuk x;k FkkA blesa vlfkkbz :i ls ckg x;s O;fDr lkfeefyr fd;s x;s Fks] iurq vlfkk;h :i ls vk;s eqykdkrh vks esgeku lfeefyr ugha fd;s x;s FksA ifok ds eqf[k;k ds dfkukuqlk gh ifok dk vkdk fu/kkzfr fd;k x;k FkkA ifok dk vkdk%,d ifok esa lkeku;r;k gus okys lnl;ksa dh la[;k ml ifok dk vkdk ekuk x;ka ikfokfd mihkksdrk O;; % ikfokfd mihkksdrk O;; dh eki fdlh,d fufnz"v vof/k] ftls lanhkz vof/k dgk tkrk gs ds nksku,d ifok }kk?ksyw [kkrs esa fd;s x;s O;; ls dh tkrh gsa blesa mu olrqvksa vks lsokvksa dk vkksfir ewy; Hkh 'kkfey gksrk gs ftugsa mihkksx ds fy, [khnk ugha x;k cfyd fdlh vu; :i esa izkir fd;k x;k] vfkkzr~ ^^;g mu lhkh enksa ¼oLrqvksa vks lsokvksa½ dk dqy eksfnzd ;ksx gs ftudk ifok us lanhkz vof/k ds nksku mihkksx fd;ka Lokeh ds vius dcts ds edkuksa ds vkksfir fdk;s dks mihkksdrk O;; ls ckg [kk x;ka,d ifok vius mihkksx ds fy, fofhkuu enksa dh izkfir fofhkuu rhdksa ls drk gsa mihkksx dh enksa dks tqvkus esa iz;qdr fofhkuu rhds fueu gsa& ¼1-½ [khn }kk ¼2-½ x`g isnkok@x`g mrikfnr Hk.Mk ls ¼3-½ olrqvksa vks lsokvksa ds cnys esa izkfir ¼4-½ glrkur.k izkfir tsls migk] _.k] nku vkfn vks ¼5-½ fu%'kqyd laxzg ls fofuekz.k % **fofuekz.k** 'kcn dk mi;ksx mu lhkh dk;zdykiksa dks bafxr dus ds fy, fd;k x;k ftudk lecu/k lalk/ku dks :ikurfr dus ls FkkA vr% k"vªh; vks ksfxd oxhzd.k 2004 ds m ksx oxhzd.k 15 ls 37 ds vurxzr vkus okys lhkh dk;zdyki losz{k.k ds mn~ns ; ds fy, fofuekz.k ekus x;sa blds vfrfdr dikl dh vksvkbz] lqkbz vks xvb~ cukus ds fy, mrikfnr olrqvksa dks fofuekz.k ugha ekuk x;ka bl losz{k.k esa fofuekz.k ds dsoy vlaxfbr ¼Unorganised½ Hkkx dks gh lfeefyr fd;k x;ka m e % m e og midze gs tks dqn olrqvksa vks@ ;k lsokvksa ds mriknu vks@ ;k for.k esa yxk gqvk gksrk gsa ftldk eq[; iz;kstu iw.kzr% ;k va kr% vius mrikn dh fcdzh gsa,d m e,d ifok ;k la;qdr :Ik ls dbz ifokksa ;k,d lalfkkxr fudk; ds LokfeRok/khu ;k muds }kk lapkfyr gks ldrk gsa 10

14 1-8-7 xs&d`f"k m e % k"vªh; vks ksfxd oxhzd.k 2004 dh lk.kh;u Js.kh ds A vks B ds vurxzr vkus okys lhkh m e **d`f"k m e** gs] tcfd lk.kh;u Js.kh lh ¼C½ ls vks ¼O½ ds vurxzr vkus okys vu; m e **xs&d`f"k m e** gsa bl vko`frr gsrq lk.kh;u Js.kh,y ¼L½ ds vurxzr vkus okys xs&d`f"k m eksa dks vuq0 0-0 esa lwphd.k ls ckg [kk x;ka Lo&dk;Zr m e% Lo dk;zr m e,d,slk midze gs] tks ikfokfd Jfed }kk lkeku;r;k fcuk fdlh HkkM+s ds dehz dks **Li"Vr;k fu;fer vk/kk** i fu;ksftr fd;s fcuk pyk;k tkrk gsa Li"Vr;k fu;fer vk/kk dk rkri;z gs fd fu;kstu finys 365 fnuksa ds nksku m e dh lapkyu vof/k ds cm+s fglls ds fy, FkkA vf/k"bku% os m e ftugksaus Li"Vr;k fu;fer vk/kk i de ls de,d HkkM+s dk dehz [kk gsa vf/k"bku dgykrs gsa,d m e esa iznrr ;k viznrr izf k{kq iznrr ikfokfd lnl;@ dezpkh fdk;s ds dezpkh ekus tkrs gsa vf/k"bkuksa dks iqu% nks Jsf.k;ksa esa ckwavk x;k % ¼d½ xs& funszf kdk vf/k"bku ¼[k½ funszf kdk vf/k"bku funszf kdk vf/k"bku%,d funszf kdk vf/k"bku og gs ftlesa Ng ;k Ng ls vf/kd dezpkh ¼ikfokfd vks fdk;s ds nksuksa½ yxs FksA xs&funszf kdk vf/k"bku%,d ls ikwap dezpkf;ksa ¼ikfokfd vks fdk;s ds nksuksa½ yxs FksA ckgeklh m e% os m e tks iws o"kz ds nkssku U;wukf/kd yxkrk pyrs gsa] ckgeklh m e dgykrs gsa ekssleh m e% eksleh m e os gs tks lkeku;r;k fdlh,d eksle esa,d ;k,d o"kz ds fuf pr eghuksa esa pyrs gsa ikfokfd m e%,d ikfokfd m e og gs tks,d ifok ds,d ;k,d ls vf/kd lnl;ksa }kk ;k nks vfkok vf/kd ifokksa }kk lk>snkh ds vk/kk i la;qdr :i ls pyk;k tkrk gsa Hkys gh og m e ifok¼ksa½ ds ifl esa flfkr gks ;k u gksa xs&ikfokfd m e% xs&ikfokfd m e og gs tks lalfkkxr gs vfkkzr lkoztfud {ks=] fuxfer {ks= lgdkh lkslkbvh] vu; izdk dh lkslkbfv;kwa] lalfkku,lksf k,lu ds LokfeRo esa gs] vks muds }kk pyk;s tkrs gsa vkdfled m e% os m e tks dhkh&dhkh pyrs gs] vfkkzr tks finys 365 fnuksa ds nksku dqy feykd de ls de 30 fnu pys gs] dks vkdfled m e dgk tkrk gsa 11

15 f}rh;&ifpnsn lax.ku fof/k fdlh Hkh os'ks"; dk {ks= dk eku izkir dus ds fy, fueu lax.ku fof/k viuk;h x;h% 2. Estimation Procedure 2.1 Notations: s = subscript for s-th stratum t = subscript for t-th sub-stratum m = subscript for sub-sample (m =1, 2) i = subscript for i-th FSU [village (panchayat ward) / block/ non-ufs town or OG] d = subscript for a segment (d = 1, 2, 9) = subscript for -th second stage stratum in an FSU/ segment ( = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8) k = subscript for k-th sample household/enterprise under a particular second stage stratum within an FSU/ segment l = subscript for l-th list frame company D = total number of hamlet-groups/sub-blocks formed in the sample village (panchayat ward) / block D* = 1 if D = 1 = (D 1) / 2 for FSUs with D > 1 N = total number of FSUs in any urban sub-stratum belonging to the strata other than million plus cities Z = total size of a rural sub-stratum or urban sub-stratum of million plus cities (= sum of sizes for all the FSUs of a sub-stratum) z = size of sample village/block used for selection. n = number of sample village / block/ non-ufs town or OG surveyed including zero cases but excluding casualty for a particular sub-sample and sub-stratum. H = total number of households listed in a second-stage stratum of a village/block/ non-ufs town or OG / segment of sample FSU h = number of households surveyed in a second-stage stratum of a village/block/ segment of sample FSU E = total number of enterprises listed in a second-stage stratum of a village/block/ non-ufs town or OG /segment of sample FSU e = number of enterprises surveyed in a second-stage stratum of a village/block/ non-ufs town or OG /segment of sample FSU x, y = observed value of characteristics x, y under estimation Xˆ, Yˆ = estimate of population total X, Y for the characteristics x, y Under the above symbols, 12

16 13 y stmidk = observed value of the characteristic y for the k-th household in the -th second stage stratum of the d-th segment (d = 1, 2, 9) of the i-th FSU belonging to the m-th sub-sample for the t-th sub-stratum of s-th stratum; Formulae for estimation of aggregates for a particular sub-sample and stratum in rural / urban sector in case of Area Frame: Schedules 1.0: Rural: Estimation formula for a sub-stratum: (i) For households selected in -th second stage stratum: i h k k i i i h k k i i i i n y h H i D y h H z n Z Y i i * 1 ˆ (ii) For all selected households: Y Y ˆ ˆ Urban: (a) Estimation formula for a sub-stratum of million plus cities: (i) For households selected in -th second stage stratum: i h k k i i i h k k i i i i n y h H i D y h H z n Z Y i i * 1 ˆ (ii) For all selected households: Y Y ˆ ˆ (b) Estimation formula for a sub-stratum of other strata: (i) For households selected in -th second stage stratum: i h k k i i i h k k i i i n y h H i D y h H n N Y i i * ˆ (ii) For all selected households:

17 Yˆ ˆ Y Multipliers for Area frame households/enterprises: The formulae for multipliers for a sub-sample and schedule type are given below: substratum segment 9 segment 1 segment 2 formula for multipliers Sector Z st 1 H stmi1 Z st 1 * H Dstmi Rural all nstm zstmi h n stmi1 stm zstmi h stmi2 stmi2 Urban for million plus cities for other strata for other strata N n st stm L e stmi9 stmi9 Z n 1 H D H st stmi1 st * stmi2 stmi stm zstmi h n stmi1 stm zstmi hstmi 2 N n st stm N n st stm H h E e stmi1 stmi1 stmi1 stmi1 Z N n N n st stm st stm 1 D D * stmi * stmi H h E e stmi2 stmi2 stmi2 stmi2 14

18 r`rh;&ifpnsn losz{k.k ds fu"d"kz 3-0 k"vªh; izfrn'kz losz{k.k ds vurxzr leiuu gks gs ikfokkfd mihkksdrk O;; ds losz{k.k lecfu/kr {ks= eas gus okys O;fDr;ksa ds thou Lr ls lecfu/kr vusd mi;ksxh ladsrkad iznku drs gssaa k0iz0l0 ds kt; izfrn'kz dh 63oha vko`frr dh vuqlwph 1-0 ^ikfokfd mihkksdrk O;;* es,df=r vkadm+ksa dk iffuh{k.k] ladyu] lk.kh;u o mudk fo'ys"k.k dds ;g fiksvz rs;k dh xbz gsa izlrqr fiksvz dk v/;;u drs le; ;g rf; /;ku esa [kuk pkfg;s fd mihkksx enksa dk vkslr losz{k.k esa vkdfyr lelr tula[;k ls fuxfer fd;k x;k gsa ;g os'ks"; ikfokfd thou Lr ds ladsrkad rs;k dus gsrq vr;ur mi;ksxh gsa ;g losz{k.k tqykbz 2006 ls twu 2007 esa leiuu gqvk FkkA vr% lelr vuqeku 31 ekpz 2007 ds ekus tk ldrs gsa kt; izfrn'kz ds vurxzr loszf{kr izfrn'kz bdkb;ksa esa izfrn'kz ifokksa ds vk/kk i vkadfyr fd;s x;s vuqekukas ds eq[; fu"d"kz fueukuqlk gsa%& 3-1 ifok,oa O;fDr ¼rkfydk la[;k% 1 xzkeh.k]uxh;]kt;½ kt; esa dqy yk[k ifok ik;s x;s ftlesa ls yk[k ¼81-51 izfr'kr½ ifok xzkeh.k {ks= esa rfkk yk[k ¼18-49 izfr'kr½ uxh; {ks= esa ik;s x;sa kt; esa dqy yk[k O;fDr ik;s x;s] ftlesa ls yk[k ¼81-82 izfr'kr½ O;fDr xzkeh.k {ks= esa rfkk yk[k ¼18-18 izfr'kr½ O;fDr uxh; {ks= esa FksA xzkeh.k {ks= esa ifok dk vkslr vkdk 5-6 rfkk uxh; esa 5-4 vuqekfur gqvka izfr gtk iq:"kksa i efgykvksa dh la[;k xzkeh.k esa 926 o 902 uxh; {ks= esa vkdfyr gqbza o;ldksa esa fyaxkuqikr xzkeh.k esa 935 o uxh; {ks= esa 895 vuqekfur gqvka kt; dh vu; tuukadh; vuqeku lkf.kh i&1 esa vafdr gsaa mdr ds vuqlk xzkeh.k o uxh; {ks= esa dqy tula[;k for.k ds lkis{k kt; ds xzkeh.k o uxh; {ks= esa cppksa dk for.k fhkuu ik;k x;ka blh izdk xzkeh.k {ks= ds cppksa esa fyaxkuqikr uxh; {ks= dh vis{kk de ik;k x;ka lkf.kh i&1 % m0iz0 kt; ds xzkeh.k o uxh; {ks= esa p;fur tuukadh; fhkuurk ds vuqeku tula[;k dh fo'ks"krk,a xzkeh.k uxh; izfr'kr tula[;k izfr'kr cpps izfr'kr o;ld vkslr ifok vkdk izfr ifok o;ldksa dh vkslr la[;k izfr ifok cppksa dh vkslr la[;k fyaxkuqikr ¼izfr 1000 iq:"kksa i efgykvksa dh la[;k½ fyaxkuqikr o;ldksa esa

19 izns'k dh tula[;k dk fofhkuuk vk;q ds oxhzd.k ds v/;;u ls Li"V gksrk gs fd xzkeh.k {ks= esa 0&25 ds vk;q&oxz esa iq:"kksa dk izfr kr rfkk efgykvksa dk gsa blh izdk 25&50 o"kz vk;q&oxz esa izfr kr iq:"k rfkk izfr kr efgyk;sa FkhA blh izdk dk for.k uxh; {ks= esa Hkh ifyf{kr gqvka bls fueufyf[kr rkfydk i&2 esa ns[kk tk ldrk gsa lk.kh i&2 xzkeh.k {ks= esa fofhkuuk vk;q&oxz ds vuqlk izfr kr for.k oxkzuqlk izfr kr for.k vk;q&oxz iq:"k efgyk ;ksx ;ksx lk.kh i&2¼[k½ kt; esa fofhkuuk vk;q oxkzuqlk izfr kr for.k lk.kh i&2¼d½ uxh; {ks= esa fofhkuuk vk;q vk;q&oxz iq:"k efgyk ;ksx ;ksx kt; esa fofhkuuk vk;q oxkzuqlk izfr kr for.k vk;q&oxz iq:"k efgyk ;ksx ;ksx miksdr rkfydk ls ;g fu"d"kz fudyrk gs fd kt; esa 0&25 o"kz dh vk;q ds O;fDr;ksa dk izfr kr dqy tula[;k dk yxhkx vk/ks ls vf/kd gsa kt; ds osokfgd flfkfr dks fueufyf[kr rkfydk i&3 esa n kkz;k x;k gs%& lk.kh i&3¼d½ kt; esa osokfgd flfkfr ds vuqlk fhkuuk&fhkuuk oxksza dk izfr kr for.k lsdv vfookfgr fookfgr fo/kok@fo/kq rykd'kqnk ;ksx xzkeh.k uxh; ;ksx miksdr rkfydk ls Li"V gksrk gs fd kt; esa vfookfgr O;fDr;ksa dh la[;k izfr kr] fookfgr O;Dfr;ksa dh la[;k izfr kr rfkk vu; O;fDr;ksa dh la[;k 4-37 izfr kr gsa kt; esa ifok ds eqf[k;k lecu/kh vkwadm+ksa dk fo kys"k.k dus i Kkr gksrk gs fd vhkh Hkh izfr kr iq:"k xzkeh.k {ks= esa rfkk izfr kr iq:"k uxh; {ks= esa ifok esa eqf[k;k ds :Ik esa ik;s x;sa ftls fueu rkfydk i&3¼d½ esa n kkz;k x;k gsa lk.kh i&3¼d½ kt; esa ifok ds eqf[k;k dk fyaxok izfr kr for.k lsdv iq:"k efgyk ;ksx xzkeh.k uxh; ;ksx iq:"k efgyk

20 3-2 izfr O;fDr ekfld mihkksdrk O;; oxz o ifok,oa O;fDr ¼rkfydk la[;k% 1 xzkeh.k@uxh;@kt;½ izfr O;fDr ekfld mihkksdrk O;; oxz vuqlk ifok,oa O;fDr;ksa dk v/;;u dus i ik;k x;k fd lkeku;r% izfr gtk ifokksa@o;fdr;ksa dk izfr O;fDr ekfld xzkeh.k {ks= esa izfr O;fDr mihkksdrk O;; oxzkuqlk for.k xzkeh.k ekfld mihkksdrk O;; 180 oxz :- 0&580 rd 160 izr;sd O;; oxz esa 140 ifokksa dh izfr gtk 120 la[;k O;fDr;ksa dh izfr 100 ifok 80 O;fDr gtk la[;k ls de 60 vkadfyr gqbz tcfd 40 blls vf/kd O;; oxz esa 20 tkus i ifokksa dh izfr 0 gtk la[;k O;fDr;ksa dh izfr gtk la[;k ls vf/kd gka bl izdk izfr O;fDr ekfld mihkksdrk O;; oxz dh izo`frr uxh; {ks= ds ekeys esa izfr O;fDr izfr gtk ifok@o;fdr ekfld mihkksdrk O;; oxz :- 0&790 rd izfr gtk ifokksa dh la[;k O;fDr;ksa dh izfr gtk la[;k ls de gha tcfd blls vf/kd O;; oxz esa tkus i ifokksa dh izfr gtk la[;k O;fDr;ksa dh izfr gtk la[;k ls vf/kd vuqekfur gqbza xzkeh.k o uxh; nksuksa {ks=ksa ds ekeys esa ;g Hkh Li"V gqvk fd ifok vkdk lkeku;r% de mihkksdrk O;; oxz ls vf/kd mihkksdrk O;; oxz esa tkus i?kvrk gsa izfr gtk ifok@o;fdr & above izfr gtk ifokksa@o;fdr;ksa dk izfr O;fDr ekfld mihkksdrk O;; oxzkuqlk for.k uxh; izfr O;fDr ekfld mihkksdrk O;; oxz & above ifok O;fDr 17

21 3-3 izfr O;fDr ekfld mihkksdrk O;; oxz vuqlk 30 fnu dh vof/k esa eq[; vuktksa dh dqy [kir dh ek=k,oa ewy; ¼rkfydk la[;k% 2 o 3 xzkeh.k@uxh;@kt;½ ek=k fdyksxzke esa ds e/; gha vukt dk mihkksx ¼fd0xzk0½ izfr O;fDr rice wheat other cereals vukt xzkeh.k uxh; kt; ds xzkeh.k o uxh; {ks= esa vuktksa dh dqy [kir Øe'k% fdxzk o fdxzk vuqekfur gqbza vuktksa esa eq[; :i ls pkoy o xsg w dh [kir kt; ds nksuksa {ks=ksa esa eq[;r% ik;h x;ha k-iz-l- 57oha vko`frr ls 63oha vko`frr ds chp vuktksa dh [kir dh ek=k dk v/;;u dus i ik;k x;k fd kt; ds xzkeh.k {ks= esa dqy vukt ds [kir dh ek=k fdxzk ls fdxzk ds e/; gh gha tcfd uxh; {ks= ds ekeys esa ;g ek=k Øe'k% fdxzk ls fdxzk lkf.kh i&4 izfr O;fDr izfr ekg vuktksa ds [kir dh vkslr ek=k,oa ewy; ¼k-iz-l- 55oha vko`frr&63oha vko`frr½ vko`frr xzkeh.k pkoy xsg w Tok cktk eddk dqy vukt ek=k ewy; ek=k ewy; ek=k ewy; ek=k ewy; ek=k ewy; ek=k ewy; ¼fdxzk ¼:- ¼fdxzk ¼:- esa½ ¼fdxzk ¼:- ¼fdxzk ¼:- esa½ ¼fdxzk ¼:- ¼fdxzk ¼:- esa½ esa½ esa½ esa½ esa½ esa½ esa½ esa½ esa½ esa½ 63oha oha oha oha oha oha oha oha oha

22 vko`frr ek=k ¼fdxzk esa½ uxh; pkoy xsg w Tok cktk eddk dqy vukt ewy; ek=k ek=k ewy; ek=k ek=k ewy; ek=k ewy; ewy; ewy; ¼:- ¼fdxzk ¼fdxzk ¼:- ¼fdxzk ¼fdxzk ¼:- ¼fdxzk ¼:- ¼:- esa½ ¼:- esa½ esa½ esa½ esa½ esa½ esa½ esa½ esa½ esa½ esa½ 63oha oha oh oha oha oha oha oha oha kt; ds xzkeh.k o uxh; {ks= esa Tok] cktk o eddk dh [kir dh ek=k o ewy; izfr ekg izfr O;fDr vr;ur de gha foxr~ 5 vko`frr esa kt; ds xzkeh.k {ks= esa pkoy dh [kir dh ek=k 3-31 fdxzk ls 3-97 fdxzk ds chp gha tcfd uxh; {ks= esa ;g ek=k 2-54 fdxzk ls 2-83 fdxzk ds chp vuqekfur gqbza xsg w dh [kir dks ns[kus i ;g Li"V gqvk fd mdr dh [kir kt; ds xzkeh.k {ks= esa 8-45 fdxzk ls 7-78 fdxzk ds e/; gha uxh; {ks= esa ;g ek=k 8-12 fdxzk ls 7-67 fdxzk ds e/; gha mdr ls ;g Hkh Li"V gs fd xsgw ds mihkksx dh izo`frr pkoy ls vf/kd xzkeh.k o uxh; nksuksa {ks=ksa esa n`f"vxksp gqbza 3-4 izfr O;fDr ekfld mihkksdrk O;; oxz vuqlk 30 fnu dh vof/k esa enok dqy [kir dk ewy; ¼rkfydk la[;k% 4 xzkeh.k]uxh;]kt;½ kt; ds xzkeh.k {ks= esa vkslr izfr O;fDr ekfld mihkksdrk O;; : vuqekfur gqvka mdr esa ls : [kk enksa esa rfkk : v[kk enksa esa FkkA blh izdk kt; ds uxh; {ks= esa mdr vkslr izfr O;fDr ekfld mihkksdrk O;; : vuqekfur gqvk] [kk ] v[kk,oa dqy ekfld mihkksdrk O;; ¼:0½ [kk v[kk dqy ek0m0o;; ftlesa ls : [kk en esa rfkk : v[kk enksa esa O;; gqvk FkkA dqy mihkksdrk O;; dk izfr'kr v/;;u dus i ik;k x;k fd kt; ds xzkeh.k {ks= esa dqy O;; dk izfr'kr rfkk uxh; {ks= esa izfr'kr [kk enksa esa O;; fd;k x;ka dqy [kir esa ls lokzf/kd vukt i kt; ds xzkeh.k {ks= esa izfr'kr O;; fd;k x;k rfkk uxh; {ks=ksa esa Hkh lokzf/kd vukt i gh izfr'kr O;; vuqekfur gqvka xzkeh.k uxh; 19

23 kt; ds xzkeh.k {ks= esa vuktksa rfkk nqx/k,oa nqx/k mrikn ds ckn [kk enksa esa lokzf/kd lfct;ksa i : O;; ik;k x;ka blds mikur lokzf/kd nky,oa mlds mrikn : ] [kk rsy ¼: ½] phuh ¼: ½ rfkk is; inkfkz ¼: ½ O;; gksrk ik;k x;ka v[kk olrqvksa esa lokzf/kd fofo/k mihkksxk lkexzh,oa lsokvksa i ¼: ½ O;; gksrk ik;k x;ka blds mikur lokzf/kd bza/ku,oa izdk'k ¼: ½] fpfdrlk ¼: ½ rfkk dim+ksa o twrs piiy vkfn ¼: ½ i O;; gksrk ik;k x;ka kt; ds uxh; {ks= esa Hkh vukt rfkk nqx/k,oa nqx/k mrikn ds ckn [kk enksa esa xzkeh.k {ks= dh Hkkafr lokzf/kd lfct;ksa ¼: ½ i O;; gksrk ik;k x;ka blds mikur lokzf/kd nky o nky mrikn ¼: ½] is; inkfkz vkfn ¼: ½ rfkk [kk rsy ¼: ½ i O;; gksrk ik;k x;ka v[kk olrqvksa esa fofo/k mihkksdrk olrq,oa lsokvksa ¼: ½ i O;; gksrk ik;k x;ka blds mikur lokzf/kd bza/ku,oa izdk'k ¼: ½] f'k{kk ¼: ½] dim+ksa o twrs piiy vkfn ¼: ½ rfkk fpfdrlk ¼: ½ i O;; gksrk ik;k x;ka kt; ds xzkeh.k,oa uxh; {ks= esa fofhkuu enksa dk ekfld izfr O;fDr mihkksdrk O;; o O;; ls izfr'kr rkfydk Ik&5 esa iznf kzr fd;k x;k gs%& rkfydk i&5 kt; ds xzkeh.k o uxh; {ks= esa fofhkuuk enksa i ekfld izfr O;fDr O;; o O;; ls izfr'kr ensa xzkeh.k uxh; xzkeh.k uxh; vukt,oa vukt mrikn nky,oa muds mrikn nqx/k,oa nqx/k mrikn [kk rsy v.mk] enyh,oa ekal lfct;ka Qy phuh] ued,oa elkys is; inkfkz [kk ;ksx iku] reckdw,oa eknd inkfkz bza/ku,oa izdk'k dim+k,oa twrs piiy f'k{kk fpfdrlk fofo/k mihkksx olrq,a fofo/k mihkksx lsok;sa fdk;k d,oa mid fvdkå olrq,a v[kk ;ksx dqy ;ksx ekfld izfr O;fDr mihkksdrk O;; ¼:0½ ekfld izfr O;fDr mihkksdrk O;; ls izfr'kr

24 3-5 ikfokfd mihkksdrk O;; dh izo`frr kt; izfrn'kz ds k-iz-l- 57oha vko`frr ls 63oha vko`frr ds vurxzr,df=r ikfokfd mihkksdrk O;; ds vkadm+ksa dk v/;;u fd;k x;ka mdr esa ik;k x;k fd xzkeh.k {ks= ds fy, izfr O;fDr ekfld mihkksdrk O;; k-iz-l- 57oha vko`frr esa tgka : gk ogha ;g 63oha vko`frr esa c<+d : gks x;ka uxh; {ks= ds ekeys esa tgka ;g k-iz-l- 57oha vko`frr esa : Fkk ogha ;g 63-oha vko`frr esa : gks x;ka dqy izfr O;fDr ekfld mihkksdrk O;; dks [kk,oa v[kk ds :i esa fohkdr dds v/;;u dus i ik;k x;k fd kt; ds xzkeh.k {ks= esa xr~ 5 vko`frr;ksa esa [kk olrqvksa i O;; ls izfr'kr ds chp gka kt; ds xzkeh.k {ks= esa k-iz-l- 57oha vko`frr esaa dqy O;; dk izfr'kr nqx/k,oa nqx/k mrikn i O;; gksrk Fkk ogha k-iz-l- 63oha vko`frr esa ;g?kvd izfr'kr g xzkeh.k,oa uxh; {ks= esa ekfld izfr O;fDr mihkksdrk O;; ¼:0½ dk enok foo.k 1200 vu; 1000 fofo/k mihkksx; olrq,a,oa lsok;sa fpfdrlk 800 f'k{kk bza/ku,oa izdk'k 600 iku] reckdw eknd vu; [kk 400 Qy] v.mk,oa lfct;kwa 200 [kk rsy nqx/k rfkk nqx/k mrikn 0 rural urban vukt o nky x;ka kt; ds xzkeh.k {ks= esa nqx/k,oa nqx/k mrikn ds izfr'kr [kir dh izo`frr?kvrh gqbz ik;h x;ha uxh; {ks= ds ekeys esa mdr dk v/;;u dus i ik;k x;k fd xzkeh.k {ks= dh Hkkafr nqx/k,oa nqx/k mrikn dk dqy [kir esa izfr'kr dh izo`frr 57oha vko`frr ¼10-47 izfr'kr½ ls 63oha vko`frr ¼11-29 izfr'kr½ ds chp c<+us dh gha xzkeh.k {ks= esa tgkwa?kvus dh izo`frr ifyf{kr gqbz ogha uxh; {ks= esa yxhkx 1 izfr'kr dh o`f) gqbza [kk rsyksa dk dqy [kir esa izfr'kr dh izo`frr kt; ds xzkeh.k o uxh; nksuksa {ks=ksa esa c<+us dh ik;h x;ha vu; vusd enksa ds lecu/k esa ikfokfd mihkksdrk O;; dh izo`frr,oa Lo:i dks lkf.kh i&6¼d½ o i&6¼[k½ esa ns[kk tk ldrk gsa 21

25 Percentages of rural population below different levels of monthley per capita expenditure cumulative % of rural population monthley per capita expenditure (Rs.) Percentages of urban population below different levels of monthley per capita expenditure cumulative % of rural population monthley per capita expenditure (Rs.) 22

26 rkfydk i&6¼d½ kt; ds xzkeh.k o uxh; {ks= esa fofhkuuk enksa i ekfld izfr O;fDr O;; o O;; ls izfr'kr xzkeh.k [kir ds en ¼izfr'kr esa½ k0 iz0 l0 dh vko`frr;kwa 55oha 56oha 57oha 58oha 59oha 60oha 61oha 62oha 63oha vukt puk vukt izfrlfkkid nky,oa nky mrikn nqx/k,oa nqx/k mrikn [kk rsy ekal] enyh vks v.mk lfct;ka Qy phuh ued elkys is; inkfkz vkfn dqy [kk iku reckdw eknd nzo; bza/ku,oa izdk'k ol=,oa fclr vkfn twrk piiy fofo/k mihkksdrk olrq,a,oa lsok,a fdk;k mihkksdrk d,oa mid f'k{kk fpfdrlk fvdkå olrq,a dqy v[kk dqy mihkksdrk O;;

27 rkfydk i&6¼[k½ kt; ds xzkeh.k o uxh; {ks= esa fofhkuuk enksa i ekfld izfr O;fDr O;; o O;; ls izfr'kr [kir ds en ¼:0 esa½ uxh; k0 iz0 l0 dh vko`frr;kwa 55oha 56oha 57oha 58oha 59oha 60oha 61oha 62oha 63oha vukt puk vukt izfrlfkkid nky,oa nky mrikn nqx/k,oa nqx/k mrikn [kk rsy ekal] enyh vks v.mk lfct;ka Qy phuh ued elkys is; inkfkz vkfn dqy [kk iku reckdw eknd nzo; bza/ku,oa izdk'k ol=,oa fclr vkfn twrk piiy fofo/k mihkksdrk olrq,a,oa lsok,a fdk;k mihkksdrk d,oa mid f'k{kk fpfdrlk fvdkå olrq,a dqy v[kk dqy mihkksdrk O;;

28 uxh; [kir ds en ¼izfr'kr esa½ k0 iz0 l0 dh vko`frr;kwa 55oha 56oha 57oha 58oha 59oha 60oha 61oha 62oha 63oha vukt puk vukt izfrlfkkid nky,oa nky mrikn nqx/k,oa nqx/k mrikn [kk rsy ekal] enyh vks v.mk lfct;ka Qy phuh ued elkys is; inkfkz vkfn dqy [kk iku reckdw eknd nzo; bza/ku,oa izdk'k ol=,oa fclr vkfn twrk piiy fofo/k mihkksdrk olrq,a,oa lsok,a fdk;k mihkksdrk d,oa mid f'k{kk fpfdrlk fvdkå olrq,a dqy v[kk dqy mihkksdrk O;;

29 3-7 f'k{kk ds Lr ds vuqlk O;fDr;ksa dk for.k ¼rkfydk la[;k 5 xzkeh.k@uxh;@kt;½ kt; ds xzkeh.k {ks= esa 30-8 izfr'kr O;fDr vf'kf{kr ik;s x;s tcfd uxh; {ks= esa ;g 21-0 izfr kr ik;k x;ka f k{kk dk fyaxok v/;;u dus i ik;k x;k kt; ds xzkeh.k {ks= esa iq:"kksa dk vf k{kk dk Lr 18-6 izfr kr rfkk uxh; esa 15-7 izfr kr ik;k x;k tcfd efgyk tula[;k dk ;g izfr kr xzkeh.k o uxh; esa dze k% 41-8 rfkk 26-0 izfr kr FkkA kt; ds xzkeh.k {ks= esa ik&lukrd efgykvksa dk izfr kr,d ls de Fkk tcfd uxh; esa ;g izfr kr 3-2 FkkA blls Li"V gksrk gs fd xzkeh.k {ks= esa efgykvksa dks mpp f k{kk esa vf/kd vol fn;s tkus dh vko ;drk gsa ;fn izfr gtk vf'kf{kr izkbeh 352 kt; esa f'k{kk dk LRk&ok izfr gtk O;fDr;ksa dk for.k fefmy lsdsumªh 45 gk; lsdsumªh xzkeh.k uxh; Lukrd 74 izkbeh f k{kk dks ns[kk tk;s rks Li"V gksrk gs fd xzkeh.k {ks= dh efgykvksa dk izfr kr 15-4 rfkk iq:"kksa dk 18-1 izfr kr gsa fdurq mppk f k{kk dh vks c<+us i efgykvksa esa izfr kr de gks tkrk gsa kt; ds uxh; {ks= esa izkbeh ls ik&lukrd dk izfr kr iq:"kksa,oa efgykvksa dk yxhkx,d leku gsa izkbeh f'k{kk xzkeh.k {ks= esa 39-2 izfr'kr rfkk uxh; {ks= esa 35-2 izfr'kr vkdfyr gqbza blh izdk fefmy f'k{kk xzkeh.k {ks= esa 15 izfr'kr rfkk uxh; {ks= esa 14 izfr'kr ik;h x;h] vfkkzr~ izkbeh rfkk fefmy f'k{kk dk izfr'kr xzkeh.k rfkk uxh; {ks= esa yxhkx leku gsa mpp f'k{kk dh rq c<+us i xzkeh.k rfkk uxh; {ks= esa izfr'kr vur c<+rk x;ka 35 8 ik&lukrd 26

30 rkfydk i&7 kt; ds xzkeh.k o uxh; {ks= esa fofhkuuk f'k{kk Lr dk izfr'kr for.k sector sex percentage distribution of 7+ population by educational level for each sex and sector not literate literate without formal schooling percentage of persons aged 7 and above with educational level literate with formal schooling below primary primary middle secondary higher secondary diploma holders, graduates & post graduates (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) Female Rural Male All Female Urban Male All fgk;'kh okl iz:i rfkk lapuk izdk vuqlk ifokksa dk for.k ¼rkfydk la[;k 6 o 7 xzkeh.k@uxh;@kt;½ kt; ds dqy yk[k ifokksa esa ls yk[k ¼95-9 izfr'kr½ futh vkokl esa] yk[k ¼3-5 izfr'kr½ ifok fdk;s ds vkokl esa grs ik;s x;sa kt; ds xzkeh.k {ks= ds dqy yk[k ifokksa esa ls yk[k ¼99-3 izfr'kr½ futh vkokl esa] ¼0-4 izfr'kr½ yk[k ifok fdk;s ds vkokl esa rfkk yk[k ¼0-3 izfr'kr½ ifokksa dh vkoklh; bdkbz **vu;** izdk dh FkhA xzkeh.k {ks= ds ux.; ifokksa ds ikl vkokl ugha lalwfpr gqvka kt; ds uxh; {ks= ds dqy yk[k ifokksa esa ls yk[k ¼81-0 izfr'kr½ ifok Lokf/kd`r vkoklh; bdkbz esa] 9-42 yk[k ¼16-9 izfr'kr½ ifok fdk;s ds vkokl rfkk 1-15 yk[k ¼2-1 izfr kr½ ifokksa dh vkokl bdkbz **vu;** izdk dh Fkh] esa grs ik;s x;sa xzkeh.k {ks= dh Hkkafr uxh; {ks= esa Hkh fgk;'kh vkoklghu ifokksa dk izfr'kr ux.; vuqekfur gqvka vkokl lapuk esa iz;qdr lkexzh ds vk/kk i vkoklksa ds lapuk dk v/;;u dus i ik;k x;k fd kt; ds dqy ykk[k ifoksa esa yk[k ¼19-7 izfr kr½ ds vkokl iz:ik dppk] ykk[k ¼21-7 izfr kr½ v)z&iddk rfkk yk[k ¼58-5 izfr kr½ idds vkoklh; iz:i ds ik;s x;sa kt; esa vkoklghu ifok yk[k ¼0-1 izfr kr½ vuqekfur gq,a vkoklghu ifokksa dk ekfld izfr mihkksdrk O;; lcls de : vuqekfur gqvka all 27

31 lkf.kh i&8 izfr 1000 ifokksa dk okl lapuk iz:i vuqlk for.k k-iz-lvko`frr;k izfr gtk ifok xzkeh.k uxh; dppk v)ziddk iddk dqy dppk v)ziddk iddk dqy (1) (2) (3) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) 63oha oha oha oha oha oha oha vkokl dh lapuk esa iz;qdr lkexzh ds vk/kk i ifhkkf"kr lapuk ds iz:i dk v/;;u xr~ 56oha ls 63oha vko`frr rd dk dus i kt; ds xzkeh.k {ks= ds ifokksa ds vkoklksa ds lapuk iz:i ^dppk* ds ifokksa esa fxkov dh Li"V izo`frr ifyf{kr ugh gqbza ^iddk* lapuk iz:i ds ifokksa esa dksbz Li"V izo`frr ifyf{kr ugha gqbza kt; ds uxh; {ks= esa lapuk iz:i ^dppk* dh la[;k izfr gtk 91 ls?kvd izfr gtk 38 g x;ha blds foihr lapuk iz:i ^iddk* ds ifokksa esa ;g izo`frr c<+us dh gha k-iz-l- 56oha vko`frr esa izfr gtk ^iddk* lapuk iz:i ds ifok izfr gtk tks 732 Fks] 63oha vko`frr esa c<+d 884 izfr gtk gks x;ha lapuk iz:i v)z&iddk 56 oha vko`frr esa xzkeh.k {ks= esa izfr gtk ifokksa i 302 Fkh tks 63 oha vko`frr esa?kvd izfr gtk ifokksa i 249 g x;ha blh izdk uxh; {ks= esa Hkh v)z&iddk lapuk izfr gtk ifok 176 ls?kvd 77 i vk x;ha rkfydk ls ;g Hkh Li"V gksrk gs fd xzkeh.k {ks= dh vk/kh ls vf/kd tula[;k vc idds edkuksa esa okl drh gsa 28

32 3-9 Hkkstu idkus ds fy, iz;qdr ÅtkZ dk izkfkfed Lkzksr ¼rkfydk la[;k 8 xzkeh.k@uxh;@kt;½ kt; ds xzkeh.k {ks= esa [kkuk idkus ds fy, tykå ydm+h rfkk fpfii;ksa dks 71-1 izfr'kr ifok] miys dk iz;ksx 17-7 izfr'kr ifok drs ik;s x;sa [kkuk idkus ds fy, xsl ¼,yih-th-½ dk iz;ksx 5-0 izfr'kr ifok drs ik;s x;sa 6-1 izfr'kr ifok bza/ku ds :i esa [kkuk cukus ds fy, izkfkfed Lkzksr ^vu;* dk iz;ksx drs ik;s x;sa dskslhu dk iz;ksx dus 5.0 xzkeh.k {ks= esa Hkkstu idkus gsrq bza/ku ds izkfkfed lzksr dk izfr'kr for.k okyksa dk izfr kr ek= 0-2 FkkA kt; ds uxh; {ks= esa bza/ku ds :i esa tykå ydm+h rfkk fpfii;ksa dk iz;ksx xzkeh.k {ks= ds ifokksa ls vk/ks ls de ¼30-1 izfr'kr½ ik;k x;ka tcfd,yih-th- iz;ksx drs gq, lokzf/kd uxh; {ks= esa 60-3 izfr'kr ifok ik;s x;sa miys dk iz;ksx dus okys ifokksa dk izfr'kr uxh; {ks= ¼6-6 izfr'kr½ esa xzkeh.k {ks= ds ifokksa dk,d&frgkbz ls de ik;k x;ka vkslr ekfld mihkksdrk O;; dk [kkuk idkus ds bza/ku ds izdk vuqlk v/;;u dus i ik;k x;k fd kt; ds xzkeh.k {ks= esa tykå ydm+h,oa fpfii;ksa dk mi;ksx dus okys ifokksa dk vkslr izfr O;fDr ekfld mihkksdrk O;; : gka tcfd lokzf/kd,y-ih-th- ¼: ½ dk iz;ksx dus okys ifokksa dk gka uxh; {ks= esa,y-ih-th ds iz;ksx dus okys ifokksa dk vkslr ekfld izfr O;fDr mihkksdrk O;; : gka tykå ydm+h rfkk fpfii;ksa] miys] fev~vh dk rsy dk [kkuk idkus ds fy, mi;ksx dus okys ifokksa dk vkslr izfr O;fDr ekfld mihkksdrk O;; Øe'k% : : rfkk : ik;k x;ka xzkeh.k rfkk uxh; nksuksa {ks=ksa ds Hkkstu idkus ds bza/ku 70.3 dksd tykå ydm+h,y0ih0th0 miys fdkslhu vu; uxh; {ks= esa Hkkstu idkus gsrq bza/ku ds izkfkfed lzksr dk izfr'kr for.k ds :i esa lokzf/kd tykå ydm+h dk iz;ksx ik;k x;ka xzkeh.k {ks= esa 70-3 izfr'kr ifok tykå ydm+h dk iz;ksx bza/ku ds :i esa iz;ksx drs ik;s x;sa tcfd 'kgh {ks= esa Hkh,d dksd tykå ydm+h,y0ih0th0 miys fdkslhu vu; 29

33 pksfkkbz ls Åi vfkkzr 28-7 izfr'kr ifok tykå ydm+h dk iz;ksx [kkuk idkus ds bza/ku ds :i esa drs ik;s x;sa xksc xsl dk iz;ksx bza/ku ds :i esa yxhkx 'kwu; ik;k x;ka lkf.kh i&9 izfr 1000 ifokksa dk Hkkstu idkus ds fy, iz;qdr ÅtkZ dk izkfkfed Lkzksr vuqlk for.k izfr 1000 ifokksa dk Hkkstu idkus ds fy, iz;qdr ÅtkZ dk izkfkfed Lkzksr xzkeh.k uxh; k-iz-l- vko`frr;k dksd] dks;yk tykå ydm+h rfkk fpfii;ka,y-ih-th xsl miys fdksflu vu; dqy dksd] dks;yk tykå ydm+h rfkk fpfii;ka,y-ih-th xsl miys fdksflu vu; dqy (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) 63oha oha oha oha oha oha oha oha oha kt; ds xzkeh.k {ks= esa k-iz-l- 56oha ls 63oha vko`frr ds chp Hkkstu idkus ds fy, iz;qdr ÅtkZ dk izkfkfed Lkzksr dk v/;;u ls Li"V gqvk fd xzkeh.k {ks=ksa esa miys dk iz;ksx de gqvk gs tcfd tykå ydfm+;ksa dk iz;ksx c<k+ gsa,y-ih-th- xsl ds mi;ksx dh izo`frr c<+rh gqbz ik;h x;ha kt; ds uxh; {ks= ds ekeys esa tykå ydm+h,oa fpfii;ksa ds mi;ksx dh izo`frr lkeku;r%?kvrh ik;h x;h rfkk,y-ih-th- xsl ds mi;ksx dh izo`frr c<+rh ik;h x;ha fdksflu dks [kkuk idkus ds fy, bza/ku ds :i esa mi;ksx dh izo`frr xzkeh.k o uxh; nksuksa {ks=ksa esa?kvrh gqbz ifyf{kr gqbz ¼lkf.kh i&8½a 3-10 izdk'k ds fy, iz;qdr ÅtkZ dk izkfkfed Lkzksr ¼rkfydk la[;k 9 xzkeh.k@uxh;@kt;½ kt; ds xzkeh.k {ks= esa izdk'k ds fy, bza/ku dk Lkzksr&feV~Vh dk rsy mi;ksx dus okys lokzf/kd ¼73-0 izfr'kr½ ifok ik;s x;sa izdk'k ds Lkzksr dk bza/ku&fo qr dk iz;ksx dus okys 25-6 izfr'kr ifok vuqekfur gq,a blds foihr kt; ds uxh; {ks= esa izdk'k ds fy, bza/ku dk Lkzksr&fo qr dk mi;ksx dus okys lokzf/kd ¼81-8 izfr'kr½ ifok ik;s x;s rfkk fev~vh dk rsy mi;ksx dus okys ek= 16-7 izfr'kr ifok gh vuqekfur gq,a xzkeh.k {ks= esa izdk'k ds fy, iz;qdr ÅtkZ dk Lkzksr ds vuqlk ikfokfd mihkksdrk O;; dk v/;;u dus i ik;k x;k fd fev~vh dk rsy dk mi;ksx dus okys ifokksa dk vkslr ekfld mihkksdrk O;; :- 565 gk] tcfd fo qr ls lecfu/kr ifokksa dk :- 782 vuqekfur gqvka uxh; {ks= ds ekeys esa mdr Øe'k% :- 567 o : vuqekfur gqvka 30