ifjof/kzr vk;fud tsydj.k fof/k }kjk ty esa foys; vks"kf/k dk lw{e&laiqvhdj.k

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1 Hkkjrh; oskkfud,oa vks ksfxd vuqla/kku if=kdk o"kz 20 vad 2 fnlecj 2012 i` ifjof/kzr vk;fud tsydj.k fof/k }kjk ty esa foys; vks"kf/k dk lw{e&laiqvhdj.k fuf[ky dqekj lpku] lhek iq"dj,oa,l ds?kks"k* fo'ofo ky; vks"k/k fokku lalfkku] N=kifr 'kkgw th egkjkt fo'ofo ky;] dkuiqj ¼m-iz-½ *Hks"kftd fokku fohkkx] fmczwx<+ fo'ofo ky;] fmczwx< ¼vle½ lkjka'k % vk;fud tsydj.k fof/k vu; izfof/k;ksa dh rqyuk esa ddz'k gkykr ls cprs gq, vks"kf/k;ksa,oa tso&izks ksfxdh mriknksa ds lw{e&laiqvhdj.k gsrq vks ksfxd :i ls lqlaxr o lokzf/kd izpfyr rjhdk gsa ty esa foys; vks"kf/k;ksa dk buds laiqvhdj.k o l[r gksus ds nksjku n`<+dkjh foy;u ¼curing solution) esa fu{kkyu ds dkj.k U;wu&laiqVhdj.k {kerk gh gkbmªkstsy&df.kdkvksa ds fuekz.k esa bl cgqi;ksxh izkfof/kdh dh,d izeq[k ifjferrk gsa izlrqr 'kks/k esa fefjr foyk;dksa dss iz;ksx ls esvqkwfezu gkbmªksdyksjkbm tks fd,d ty foys; vks"kf/k gs] dh n`<+dkjh foy;u esa foys;rk dks ifjofrzr dj] ty esa foys; vks"kf/k;ksa ds lw{e&laiqvhdj.k gsrq ifjof/kzr vk;fud tsydj.k izkfof/k dks,d csgrj osdfyid mikxe Lo:i izlrkfor o ijh{k.k fd;k x;k gsa dsfy'k;e DyksjkbM ds tyh;,lhvksu esa fofhkuuk lkunz.kksa ds foy;uksa dks 150 rpm dh flfkj eafku xfr ij xksy isanh okys ykld esa lw{e df.kdkvksa ds fuekz.k gsrq iz;ksx fd;k x;k FkkA nokbz feykdj iwoz&ijk/ofur fd;s x;s izh&ftysfvukbtm cksjk pkoy o lksfm;e,fytusv ds fefjr tsy dks laiqvhdj.k esa tso&cgqydh; vk/kkj ds :i esa blrseky fd;k x;ka rs;kj lw{e&df.kdkvksa dks,lhvksu ls /kksdj igys pøh; fuokzr 'kq"dd esa fqj Å".k&ok;q vksou esa 40 C ls fueu rki ij lq[kk dj lajf{kr fd;k x;k ftudk ewy;kadu ckn esa laiqvhdj.k n{krk ds vk/kkj ij fd;k x;ka Modified ionic gelation method preparation of hydrogel microbeads of a water soluble drug Nikhil Kumar Sachan, Seema Pushkar & S K Ghosh* University Institute of Pharmacy, C.S.J.M. University, Kanpur (U.P.) *Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University (Assam) Abstract Ionic gelation method has been one of the most popular and industrially feasible techniques of microfabrication of drugs and biotechnological products avoiding harsh condition when compared with other encapsulation techniques like solvent evaporation. One of the major limitations for this versatile technique for preparation of hydrogel microstructures is the low encapsulation efficiency for water soluble drugs because they leach out to curing solution during encapsulation and hardening. Although some measures like reducing curing time, low stirring speed, higher gel strength etc. were suggested in previous studies. The present research proposes and examines an alternative approach of modified ionic gelation method for encapsulation of water soluble drug, metformin hydrochloride in this study, through modifying drug solubility in curing solution by using mixed solvents. Varying concentrations of calcium chloride into aqueous acetone were employed at a fixed stirring speed of 150 rpm in RBF for preparation on microbeads. A combined pre-gelatinized Bora rice-sodium alginate gel matrix backbone, previously blended with drug and ultrasonicated, was used as matrixing material for encapsulation. The prepared beads, washed with acetone and dried in a rotary vacuum drier and subsequently in hot air oven below 40 C were evaluated on the basis Drug Entrapment Efficiency. izlrkouk finys dqn n'kdksa esa csgrj vfhkdfyir ^vks"kf/k ifjnku izfof/k;ksa* ¼Mªx fmfyojh fllvel½ dss ek/;e ls miyc/k vks"kf/k;ksa dh mi;ksfxrk c<+kus es a folr`r #Ökku jgk gs1 A lw{e&laiqvhdj.k Mªx fmfyojh ds {ks=k esa,d izeq[k cgqmi;ksxh mrd"kz gsa lw{e&lafojpu vks"kf/k;ksa dks dqn okgh d.kksa ds lkfk ;ksftr dj iwoz;ksftr <ax ls okafnr Hks"ktk.kqxfrdh gkfly dj yf{kr vax rd igqapkus dk,d dq'ky mikxe gs rfkk gky ds dqn n'kdksa esa ;g O;kid vuqla/kku dk fo"k; jgk gsa lw{e&laiqvhdj.k nzoksa dks Bksl Lo:i esa cnyus] dksyk;my

2 172 Hkkjrh; oskkfud,oa vks ksfxd vuqla/kku if=kdk o"kz 20 vad ¼2½ fnlecj 2012 ¼colloidal½ o lrgh xq.kksa esa ifjorzu djus] laiqfvr inkfkks± dss i;kzoj.kh; izhkkoks a ls j{k.k rfkk mudh miyc/krk dks fu;af=kr djus dh,d ;qfä iznku djrk gsa gkykafd ekbøksdsilwy 'kcn,d ØksM+ o [kksy lajpuk dks bafxr djrk gs] rfkkfi O;ogkfjd Hkk"kk esa ekbøksdsilwyl u dsoy fökyyh esa leko`r d.kksa,oa cwanksa dss fy, iz;qä gksrk gs cfyd df.kdk Lo:i izdhf.kzr cgqykdh; vko;wg@ esfvªdl rfkk e/;orhz lajpukvksa dks Hkh leku :i ls lekfo"v djrk gs Hkys gh mles a iz[kj ckgjh nhokj o vur%øksm+ u gks a 2 A ^Ýs ap QkekZdksfi;k ds s vuqlkj ekbøksdsilwyl Bksl vkoj.k ls fufezr,slh Bksl lkexzh gsa ftuesa Bksl ;k nzo vfkok dksbz ysbz tslk inkfkz lekfgr gksrk gsa ekbøksdsilwyl 1250µ ls U;wu O;kl ds d.kksa okys pw.kz dss :i esa gksrs gsa1 A gkbmªkstsy lw{e&df.kdk,a lkeku;r% 1 ls 1000µ dh Js.kh esa dqn xksykdkj] MsuMªhej vk/kkfjr tsy fdle dss cgqyd ls fufezr df.kd lajpuk,a gksrh gsa ftugsa cgqyd ds tyh;?kksy esa ewy vks"kf/k dks fuyafcr dj izkir fej.k dks flfjatuqek ;FkkFkZ lw{efnfnzr&;qfä }kjk 'kus% 'kus% foyksfmr n`<+dkjh foy;u esa Vidk, tkus ls izkir fd;k tkrk gs 3]4 A bl fof/k dks gh vk;fud tsydj.k fof/k dgrs gas ftldk vuos"k.k fye o eksl ¼1981½ }kjk thfor dksf'kdkvks a ds s laiqvhdj.k gsrq fd;k x;k Fkk 4 A bles a iw.kzr% tyh; izca/k iz;qä gksrk gs vr% ddz'k gkyr ugha gksrh gsa iwoz es a vk;u iz sfjr tsydj.k ds s :i es a fofnr lw{e&laiqvhdj.kdh vk;fud tsydj.k fof/k nokbz dss izhkko dss le; dks i;kzir folrkfjr dj jksxcks/kd y{k.kksa esa jkgr ls ejhtksa esa fufnz"v mipkj&vuqo`fùk dks muukr djus rfkk vks"kf/k;ksa ds nq"izhkko jfgr okafnr mipkjkred vlj izkir djus ds fy, iz;qä gksrh gs 5]6 A vk;fud tsydj.k fof/k O;ogkfjd o rduhdh :i ls lqxerfkk lw{e&i;l;,oa foyk;d ok"iu tslh vu; izfof/k;ksa dh rqyuk esa fdqk;rh gs lkfk gh ddz'k gkykr ls cprs gq, vks"kf/k;ksa,oa tsoizks ksfxdh mriknksa dss lw{e&laiqvhdj.k gsrq vks ksfxd :i ls lqlaxr o lokzf/kd izpfyr rjhdk gsa bl fof/k dh vusd vpnkb;ks a ds s ckotwn lw{e&laiqvhdj.k }kjk ^fu;af=kr vks"kf/k ifjnku* ¼daVªksYM Mªx fmfyojh½ es a bldh lhfer mi;ksfxrk dk izeq[k dkj.k ty es a foys; vks"kf/k;ks a dk buds laiqvhdj.k o l[r gksus ds s nksjku n`<+dkjh foy;u esa fu{kkyu ds QyLo:i vi;kzir laiqvhdj.k n{krk gh gs 7 A ftl dkj.k ls ;g fof/k tso&hks"kth; oxhzdj.k ds izfke o r`rh; oxz esa LFkkfir ikuh esa mpp foyk;drk okyh vks"kf/k;ks a ds tyko'kks"k.kdkjh ¼hydroswellable½ cgqydks a ds iz;ksx lw{e&laiqvhdj.k gsrq vuqi;qä djkj nh x;h gsa fdurq vusdkusd 'kks/k&i=kks a es a fofo/k ty&foys; vks"kf/k;ks a dk laiqvhdj.k dj fu;af=kr vks"kf/k ifjnku iz.kkfy;ks a ds s fodkl es a bl fof/k dk blrseky fd;k x;k gsa gkykafd fdafpr izfø;kxr ekunamksa ds b"vrehdj.k ¼optimization½ ls izhkkoh laiqvhdj.k gsrq fofhkuuk mik;ks a tsls fd U;wu eafku xfr] mpp lkanz.k] foyksmu le; esa deh rfkk de rjyrk tsls fdafpr mik; iwoz v/;;uksa esa lqökk, x;s gsa 8]9 A fdurq vf/kdka'kr% ;s mik; iz;qä izøe dh dk;z{kerk dks izhkkfor djrs gsaa olrqr% bl 'kks/k dk ewy iz;kstu fefjr foyk;dksa ds ek/;e ls vftzr ifjofrzr vks"k/kh; foys;rk rfkk vu; iwokszä vk'kks/kuksa ds lek;kstu ls ifjof/kzr vk;fud tsydj.k fof/k dh ty&foys; vks"kf/k;ksa dh laiqvhdj.k n{krk esa lao/kzu gsrq mi;ksfxrk dh ij[k djuk gsa izlrqr v/;;u es a mi;q Zä vk'kks/kuks a ls ifjof/zkr vk;fud tsydj.k fof/k dk blrseky esvqkwfezu gkbmªksdyksjkbm &,d ty&foys; vks"kf/k dh laiqvhdj.k n{krk esa lao/kzu gsrq fd;k x;k gsa lkexzh,oa fof/k vks"kf/k;ka o jlk;u % pkoy fmczwx<+ ds LFkkuh; cktkj ls [kjhnk x;ka vle ds s lqizfl) mrlo fcgw ds R;kSgkjh O;atu ihbk es a iz;qä fd;s tkus okyk lqifjfpr pkoy gksus dss dkj.k blds izek.khdj.k o uewuk nlrkost laxzghr fd;s tkus dh vko';drk u FkhA esvqkfezu gkbmªksdyksjkbm jsucdlh yscksjsvªht fyfevsm] xqm+xkao ¼Hkkjr½ }kjk 'kks/k dk;z gsrq eq r HksaVLo:i iznku dh x;ha lksfm;e,ythusv ¼yksck dsfe- izk- fy-] eqecbz½] dsfy'k;e DyksjkbM ¼DoSfyts al Qkbu dsfedyl izk- fy-] eqecbz½],slhvksu¼edz dsfedyl izk- fy-] eqecbz½ {ks=kh; vkfizwrdrkz ;wfud VsDuksykWth] dkuiqj dss ek/;e ls [kjhns x;sa lelr fo'ys"k.kkred vfhkdezd dksfv ds iz;ksx'kkyk jlk;u iz;ksx esa yk;s x;sa lw{e&df.kdkvksa dk fuekz.k % ifjof/kzr vk;fud tsydj.k fof/k ls lw{e&df.kdkvksa ds fuekz.k gsrq iwoz&ftysfvuhør cksjk pkoy o lksfm;e,fytusv ds fefjr tsy dks laiqvhdj.k esa tso&cgqydh; vk/kkj dss :i iz;ksx esa yk;k x;ka cksjk pkoy dk ftysfvuhdj.k HkV~Vkpk;Z vkfn ¼1979½ }kjk of.kzr Å"eh; fof/k ls Økafrd rki ¼T g ½ ds Åij xez djds fd;k x;k rfkk Økafrd rki ¼T g ½ dk fu/kkzj.k fmýsfulvy LdSfuax dsyksjhesvªh }kjk djus ls 64 C ik;k x;k Fkk 10 A olrqr% lw{e&df.kdkvksa ds fuekz.k ls iwoz pkoy ds pw.kz ds ftysfvuhdj.k gsrq blds Kkr 'kfä okys tyh; fuyacu dks 30 feuv rd 121 C ij vkwvksdyso fd;k x;k 11 A bl izdkj izkir tsy esa lksfm;e,fytusv dh ifjdfyr ek=kk ifj.kkeh fej.k dh okafnr 'kfä izkir djus ds vuq:i feykdj ewy vks"kf/k dss lkfk,d:i djus ds s i'pkkr ijk/ofur ¼:i VsyhlksfuDl vyvªklksfudl fy-] Hkkjr½ fd;k x;ka bl vks"kf/k;qä cgqydh; fej.k dks

3 lpku,oa vu; % ifjof/kzr vk;fud tsydj.k fof/k }kjk ty esa foys; vks"kf/k dk lw{e&laiqvhdj.k 173 flfjatuqek ;FkkFkZ lw{efnfnzr&;qfä }kjk 'kus%&'kus% fo qr pkfyr vafdd foyksm+d ls fu;af=kr xfr esa foyksfm+r n`<+dkjh foy;u dss fofhkuuk lkunz.kks a es a Vidk;k x;k rfkk izkir tsy cw anks a dks i;kzir n`<+ gksus dss mijkur i`fkd dj,slhvksu ls /kks;k x;k o igys pøh; fuokzr 'kq"dd ¼esfMdk balvªwesav~l fy-] Hkkjr½ esa fqj Å".k&ok;q vksou ¼,u-,l-MCY;w-] Hkkjr½ esa 40 C ls fueu rki ij lq[kkdj ewy;kadu gsrq lajf{kr fd;k x;k ¼fp=k 1½A n`<+dkjh fofy;u esa dsfyl;e DyksjkbM ds 5»] 8»] rfkk 2» lkanz.k tyh;,lhvksu es a iz;qä fd;s x;s rfkk cksjk pkoy o lksfm;e,ythusv dk vuqikr 4%1] 3%1,oa 2%1 dss vuq:i ifjofrzr dj,d izfø;kxr dkjd Lo#i v/;;u fd;k x;ka lkfk gh cgqydh; fej.k o vks"kf/k ds vuqikr ds izhkko dh im+rky 1%1] 1%2] 1%3 pj jkf'k dss lkfk fojpudkjd ds :i esa dh x;ha d.k vkdkj fo'ys"k.k % fufezr lw{e&df.kdkvksa ds vkdkj dk fu/kkzj.k izdk'kh; lw{en'khz ¼vksY Eil]Hkkjr½ }kjk va'k'kksf/kr us=k [kam lw{eekih ¼,jek] tkiku½ }kjk fd;k x;k tks fd vkdkj ekiu dk lokzf/kd izr;{k rjhdk gsa df.kdkvksa dks XyklLykbM ij lh/ks gh ekåav fd;k x;k Fkk rfkk izfr chp 150&200 df.kdkvksa ds O;kl dk ekiu dj mudk vkslr fy;k x;k 12] 13 A fp=k 1 ifjof/kzr vk;fud tsydj.k fof/k ls lw{e&df.kdkvksa dk fuekz.k izfrn'kz vks"kf/k dk vkadyu o izek=khdj.k % vks ksfxd lzksrksa ls izkir esvqkwfezu gkbmªksdyksjkbm dks xyu fcanq vf/kdre vo'kks"k.k dh rjaxns/;z ¼λ max ½]o vkbz-vkj-lisdvªe vkfn dss }kjk ij[kk x;k rfkk ek=kkred vkdyu gsrq ;w-oh- LiSDVªksQksVksehVj¼f'kekn~TÖkw QkekZ&Lisd&1700½ ds s mi;ksx ls ijkcs axuh LisDVªksxzkQh }kjk 233nm rjaxns/;z ¼λ max ½ ij izkir vo'kks"kdrk ls ekud xzkq ds s ek/;e ls lkanz.k dk ifjdyu fd;k x;k 14 A laiqvhdj.k n{krk dk fu/kkzj.k % yxhkx 50 xzke vks"kf/k;qä lw{e&df.kdkvksa dks 'kq)rkiwozd rksydj mugsa dkap dss vks[ky esa pwf.kzr dj 50mL ikuh dss lkfk 24?kaVs rd ;kaf=kd izdeid ¼jseh eksvlz eqacbz] Hkkjr½ esa rhoz daiu }kjk fu"df"kzr fd;k x;ka rnksijkarizkir foy;u dks Nkudj blds 1mL dks f}vklfor ty ls leqfpr ruq djds mijksä of.kzr fof/k }kjk fufgr vks"kf/k dk ek=kkred vkdyu fd;k x;ka df.kdkvksa dh laiqvhdj.k n{krk fueufyf[kr lw=k dk blrseky dj ifjdfyr dh x;h 15 A laiqvhdj.k n{krk = vkxf.kr izfr'kr vks"kf/k Hkkj.k ls)kafrd izfr'kr vks"kf/k Hkkj.k izfr'kr vks"kf/k Hkkj.k = df.kdkvksa esa vks"kf/k dh ek=kk df.kdkvksa dh ek=kk dyk&os"ke; lw{enf'kzdh % lw{enf'kzdh okgd e/;lfk vks"kf/k ifjnku 'kks/k dk,d vfhkuuk vax gsa vkt lw{en'khz dk mi;ksx olrqvks a dks ns[kus ds fy, gh ugha gksrk oju~ nzo;ks a ds d.kks a ds ekius] x.kuk djus vksj rksyus ds fy, Hkh bldk mi;ksx gks jgk gsa fo'ks"kr% ;g jaxghu ikjn'kzd inkfkks± dh lajpuk fn[kkus dh fof/k gsa fofhkuuk lajpukvksa ds dkj.k muesa ØeHkax ns[kk tkrk gsa dyk&os"ke; fof/k dk ykhk ;g gs fd mriuuk O;fädj.k fqat olrq dh viorzukad lajpuk dks O;ä dj nsrk gsa olrqr% nks izdkj dh ;g iznhfir] /kq /kyh i`"bhkwfe vksj dyk&os"ke;] 'kks/k ds fy,,d cm+k egro dk lk/ku gsa /kq /kyh i`"bhkwfe iznhfir vr;ar lw{e d.kksa dks ns[kus esa mi;ksxh fl) gqbz gs 16 A lajpukred y{k.kksa ds vuos"k.kkfkz lw{e&df.kdkvksa dksdyk&os"ke; lw{en'khz (LABOMED XLR C-II, India) rys ns[kk x;k o blds fy, df.kdkvksa dks lw{en'khz dss LVst ij fcuk fdlh iwoz mipkj ds lh/ks gh ekåav fd;k x;k FkkA ifj.kke,oa foospuk izlrkfor ifjof/kzr vk;fud tsy dj.k fof/k ls vks"kf/k ;qä lw{e&df.kdkvks a ds s fuekz.k gsrq esvqkwfezu gkbmªksdyksjkbm dks izfrn'kz vks"kf/k ds s :i es a blrseky fd;k x;k ftlls fd leiqvhdj.k n{krk

4 174 Hkkjrh; oskkfud,oa vks ksfxd vuqla/kku if=kdk o"kz 20 vad ¼2½ fnlecj 2012 fp=k 2 izfrn'kz vks"kf/k esvqkwfezu gkbmªksdyksjkbm dk vfhkfyf[kr ijkcsaxuh o.kzøe dk ifjdyu o bl ij fofo/k izfø;kxr,oa fojpu dkjdksa ds izhkko dks ij[kk tk ldsa esvqkwfezu gkbmªksdyksjkbm dss izkir uewus dk y{k.kkred v/;;u djus ij xyu fcanq 222 C ik;k x;k tks fd vkf/kdkfjd eku 222 & 226 C ds s vuq:i FkkA ijkcs axuh LdSu es a vf/kdre vo'kks"k.k dh rjaxns/;z ¼λ max ½ 232 usuksehvj Lrj ij Fkh ¼fp=k 2½A ;g fczfv'k QkekZdksfi;k&2003 ds s vuqlkj ¼λ max ½ ds vkf/kdkfjd eku 233 dss vr;ar djhc gs14 A blds lkfk gh vks"kf/k uewus dk vfhkfyf[kr vojä o.kzøe fczfv'k QkekZdksfi;k&2003 esa fn, x;s esvqkwfezu gkbmªksdyksjkbm dss lunhkz o.kzøe ls i;kzir lekurk j[krk gs ¼fp=k 3½A vr% ;g ifj.kke esvqkwfezu gkbmªksdyksjkbm ds s izkir uewus dh f'kuk[r izekf.kr djrs gs a A esvqkwfezu gkbmªksdyksjkbm dk ek=kkred vkdyu ijkcs axuh o n`'; o.kzøe izdk'kekih ¼U-V- Visible Spectrophoto-meter½ ds mi;ksx ls vkf/kdkfjd fof/ k }kjk fd;s tkus ij blds os/khdj.k dh vko';drk u FkhA ifjof/kzr vk;fud tsydj.k fof/k ls vks"kf/k ;qä lw{e&df.kdkvksa dk fuekz.k lqyrkiwozd rfkk i;kzir leiqvhdj.k n{krk ds lkfk fd;k tk ldka bl izdkj fufezr df.kdkvksa dk vkslr vkdkj ls 0-961mm dh Js.kh esa Fkk,oa budh leiqvhdj.k n{krk b"vehd`r izfø;kxr ekunamksa dss lkfk 68-26» rd ik;h x;ha df.kdkvksa dk vkdkj iz;qä lw{e&;qfä dss vfrfjä tsy lkanz.k] eafku xfr] cgqydh; fej.k esa vks"kf/k dh ek=kk] rfkk n`<+dkjh fofy;u ds s lkanz.k ij fuhkzj ik;k x;k ¼fp=k 4½A leiqvhdj.k n{krk izfø;kxr,oa fojpu dkjdksa ds vuq:i ifjorzuh; Fkh tks fd lkafnzr n`<+dkjh fofy;u esa U;wu eafku xfr ij vyikof/k dss n`<+hdj.k o cgqydh; fej.k esa vks"kf/k dh ek=kk c<+k, tkus ij dnkfpr iqu% muukr dh tk ldrh gs ¼fp=k&5½A fp=k 3 izfrn'kz vks"kf/k esvqkwfezu gkbmªksdyksjkbm ds vojdr o.kzøe ¼v½ lanhkz ¼c½ vfhkfyf[kr dyk os"ke; lw{enf'kzdh ls ;g [kqyklk gqvk fd fufezr lw{e&df.kdk,a vyi xksykdkj nh?kzor~ vkd`fr okyh rfkk fo"ke lrg ;qdr FkhaA nks cgqydks a ds s ijlij vuqikr dk izhkko Hkh rqyuh; FkkA vks"kf/k ;qä,oa fu''ksf"kr o,p-ih-,e-lh- tsls cgqydksa ls ysfir df.kdkvks a dk rqyukred v/;;u Hkh lw{enf'kzdh ds s ek/;e ls fd;k x;ka fu"ksfpr df.kdkvksa dh lrg ij Nqnz fnnzksa dh miflfkfr bl ckr dks bafxr djrh gs fd fofy;u esa vks"kf/k dk fjlko bugha fnnzksa dss ek/;e ls gqvk gs tks fd cgqydh; vk/kkj dss LQhr gksus dss mijkur foyk;d&varokzg ls?kqfyr vks"kf/k dss cfgokzg }kjk mriuuk gq, gksaxsa cksjk pkoy o lksfm;e,fytusv dss 2%1 ls de vuqikr gksus dh n'kk esa i;kzir leiqvhdj.k n{krk ds lkfk lw{e&df.kdkvksa dk lqyrkiwozd fuekz.k vlk/; Fkk,slk lahkor% U;wu fr;zd&ca/ku ds QyLo:i vi;kzir dqapu yvc)rk dss dkj.k gqvk gksxka cgqydh; tsy lkanz.k c<+kus ls df.kdkvksa dss vkslr vkdkj esa Hkh o`f) ntz dh x;ha,slk fej.k dh ';kurk esa o`f) dh otg ls lahkkfor gs ftlds ifj.kkelo:i ;FkkFkZ fnfnzr&;qfä ls n`<+dkjh?kksy esa Mkyrs le; VidkbZ tk jgh cgqydh; fej.k dh cwanksa dss vkdkj esa o`f) gqbz gksxh] vr% fufezr df.kdkvksa dk vkdkj Hkh c<+ x;ka ;g ik;k x;k fd n`<+dkjh fofy;u dh lkanzrk vfkok cgqydh; fej.k esa vks"kf/k dh ek=kk c<+kus ij df.kdkvksa dss vkdkj esa bt+kqk gksrk gs,slk cgqydh;

lpku,oa vu; % ifjof/kzr vk;fud tsydj.k fof/k }kjk ty esa foys; vks"kf/k dk lw{e&laiqvhdj.k 175 Design-Expert Software Factor Coding: Actual Particle Size X1 = E: Bora rice - Sodi. Alg.

5 lpku,oa vu; % ifjof/kzr vk;fud tsydj.k fof/k }kjk ty esa foys; vks"kf/k dk lw{e&laiqvhdj.k 175 Design-Expert Software Factor Coding: Actual Particle Size X1 = E: Bora rice - Sodi. Alg. Ratio X2 = F: Polymer-Drug Ratio Actual Factors A: Stirring Speed = B: Gel Strength = 5.00 C: Conc. of Cross-linking Agent = D: Curring Time = G: Drying Condition = Oven H: Cross-linking Agent = Ca. Chloride J: Release Environment = 0.1N HCl Particle Size :1 2:1 E: Bora rice - Sodi. Alg. Ratio 3:1 1:1 2:1 3:1 F: Polymer-Drug Ratio fp=k 4 vks"kf/k&cgqyd vuqikr,oa cksjk pkoy&lksfm;e,fytusv dss vuqikr dk df.kdkvksa dss vkdkj ij izhkko fp=k 5 tsy lkanz.k rfkk eafku xfr dk laiqvhdj.k n{krk ij izhkko dadky es a vladqpuh; Bksl inkfkks ± ds s lekfo"v gksus ds s ifj.kkelo:i ekywe gksrk gsa nks cgqydksa dk ikjlifjd vuqikr df.kdkvksa dss vkdkj dks fo'ks"k izhkkfor ugha djrk lkfk gh ;g Hkh ns[kk x;k fd leku ifjflfkfr;ks a es a lksfm;e,fytusv ds s vf/kd vuqikr ds s lkfk cuk;h x;h df.kdk,a m".k gkykr esa rqyukred :i ls Nqnz o ueh esa cksjk pkoy dss vf/kd vuqikr dss lkfk fufezr df.kdkvksa ls

6 s a ss a 176 Hkkjrh; oskkfud,oa vks ksfxd vuqla/kku if=kdk o"kz 20 vad ¼2½ fnlecj 2012 o`grj ekih x;haa lw{e&df.kdkvks a ds s fuekz.k es a fu.kkz;d vo/kkjdks dss fo'ys"k.k gsrq gj pj.k dk cgqr ckjhdh ls voyksdu fd;k x;ka laiqvhdj.k n{krk esa o`f) gsrq,d vuqhkwr mik; dss :i esa cgqydh; fej.k dk dsfy'k;e DyksjkbM foy;u esa Vidkuk iw.kz gksrs gh eafku can dj fn;k x;k rfkk df.kdkvksa dks flfkj?kksy esa n`<+hdj.k dss fy, fuf'pr le; rd NksM+k x;ka df.kdkvksa dh laiqvhdj.k n{krk,dhdj.k ds s mijkur cgqydh; fej.k es a vks"kf/k feyk;s tkus rfkk mlls df.kdkvksa dss fuekz.k ds e/; dss le; o ijk/ouhdj.k djus vfkok u djus ij Hkh fuhkzj djrh gsa fu"d"kz izlrkfor ifjof/kzr vk;fud tsydj.k fof/k ls vks"kf/k&;qä lw{e&df.kdkvksa dk fuekz.k lqyrkiwozd rfkk i;kzir leiqvhdj.k n{krk dss lkfk fd;k tk ldka esvqkwfezu gkbmªksdyksjkbm dh ty&foys;rk ds s pyrs blds n`<+dkjh?kksy es a fu{kkyu dh izo`fùk ds ckotwn i;kzir mpp laiqvhdj.k n{krk izkir dh tk ldh tks fd dnkfpr mpp&';kurk okys tsy vojks/k ls ckf/kr folj.k] foijhr /kz qork okys fefjr foyk;dks a }kjk ifjofrzr foys;rk,oa vks"kf/k dk pkoy dsss LVkpZ dsss [kks[kys gkbzye ¼hilum½ esa izfo"v gks tkus dsss ifj.kklo:i mikftzr izrhr gksrk gsa vr% ;g izkfof/k laxr vuqdwyd mik;ks a ds s vuq:i mi;qä vk'kks/kuks a }kjk fofhkuuk ty es foys; vks"kf/k;ksa dsss lw{e&laiqvhdj.k esa,d csgrj fodyi Lo#i iz;qä dh tk ldrh gsa vkhkkj 'kks/k dk;z gsrq fo'ofo ky; vuqnku vk;ksx }kjk vfhk;kaf=kdh,oa izks ksfxdh ;kstukurxzr Hks"kth esa dfu"b 'kks/k v/;srko`fùk vf/kfu.khzr djus dss fy, vkhkkja lunhkz 1- lpku,u ds] flag ch,oa jkekjko ds] eysf'k;u tuzy vkwq QkekZL;wfVdy lkbalsl] 4 ¼1½ ¼2006½ 65&81-2- cdu ts,] ekbøks,udsilqys'ku- bu] ¼lEikndx.k % yhcjesu],p,] ysdesu,y,oa dfyax ts,p½ n F;ksjh,aM izsfdvl vkwq bamflvª;y QkesZlh] r`rh; laldj.k ¼fQykMsfYQ;k] U;w;kdZ % yh,am Qsfcxsj ifcy'klz½] ¼1986½ 142& dq#eísg ds vkj] johl MCY;w vkj,oa csvxsjh th oh] Mªx fmosyiesav,am bamflvª;y QkesZlh] 20 ¼1994½ 2659& fye,q,oa eksl vkj Mh] tuzy vkwq QkekZL;wfVdy lkbalsl] 70 ¼1981½ 351&54-5- dqatpu,l] tksls,l,oa yeeslz Vh],f'k;u tuzy vkwq QkekZL;wfVDl] 4 ¼2010½ 148& v'kksd dqekj,] jkts'k dqekj ih] vfuy dqekj,] jsm~mh yksdsloj,oa os advslokjkjko Vh] tuzy vkwq+,iykbm QkekZL;wfVdy lkbalsl] 1 ¼6½ ¼2011½ 127& lpku,u ds] QSczhds'ku,aM ck;ksqkekzl;wfvdy dsjsdvjkbts'ku vkwq+ ekbøksikfvzdqysv davªksym Mªx fmyhojh fllve daikstm vkwq vle cksjk jkbl,t ikflcy E;wdks,M~gsflo csdcksu- ih,p-mh- Fkhfll ¼Hkkjr % fmczwx<+ fo'ofo ky;] vle½ lpku,u ds,oa HkV~Vkpk;Z,] tuzy vkwq vle lkbal lkslk;vh] 47 ¼3½ ¼2006½ 34&41-9- lpku,u ds,oa HkV~Vkpk;Z,] bavjus'kuy tuzy vkwq gsyfk fjlpz] 2 ¼1½ ¼2009½ 113& lpku,u ds]?kks"k,l ds,oa HkV~Vkpk;Z,],f'k;u tuzy vkwq+ dsfelvªh] 24 ¼5½ ¼2010½] bu izsl- 11- HkV~Vkpk;Z ds vkj] ftysvukbts'ku VsEizspj vkwq jkbl LVkpZ,aM bv~l fmvfezus'ku bu izkslhfmaxl vkwq odz'kki vkwu dsfedy vklisdv~l vkwq jkbl xzsu DokfyVh ¼fQyhihal % varjkz"vªh; pkoy 'kks/k lalfkku½ ¼1979½ 231& ekfvzu,] LofczZPd ts,oa dkeekjrk,] fqftdy QkesZlh % fqftdy dsfedy fizaflfiyl bu QkekZL;wfVdy lkbalsl- r`rh; laldj.k] ¼Hkkjrh; laldj.k % ds,e o?khzl ifcyds'ku] eqecbz] Hkkjr½] ¼1991½ 492& VDdk,l] vksdkd vks,p,oa vdkrqzdz,q] ;wjksfi;u tuzy vkwq QkekZL;wfVdy lkbalsl] 6 ¼1998½ 241& fczfv'k QkekZdksfi;k] ¼yUnu % LVs'kujh vkwfql] gj estslrh ifcyds'ku½ fmftvy laldj.k ¼2003½- 15- ow,p] ta?k tsm,dl] t+ksg,p ih] ow Mh lh] ow bz,y,oa dkax vkj] tuzy vkwq+ ekbøks,udsilqys'ku 21 ¼8½ ¼2004½ 889& lw{enf'kzdh % bafm;k okvj iksvzy ¼fgUnh osclkbv½ ¼2011½ vkwuykbu lwpuk lzksr osclkbv %

v/;k; & 6 ukxiwj ftyk eap esa fookn fuivkjk,oa xzkgdksa dh tkx:drk dk lfe{kkred fo ys k.k

v/;k; & 6 ukxiwj ftyk eap esa fookn fuivkjk,oa xzkgdksa dh tkx:drk dk lfe{kkred fo ys k.k la kks/ku esa izkir fd, x;s,ao ladfyr fd, x, vkdmks lkghr;hdh; fo ys ku fd;k x;k gsa,ao mlds vuqlkj lkj.kh o xzkq