Summary of JHFC Activities. Takeyuki Kamimoto Chairman, JHFC Demonstration Promotion

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1 of JHFC Activities Takeyuki Kamimoto Chairman, JHFC Demonstration Promotion

2 Table of Contents The Scenario for spreading fuel cell vehicles JHFC Project Positioning Project Overview Features Purpose Results

3 The scenario for spreading fuel cell vehicles Phase for building infrastructure/ conducting technical demonstration Formulate and implement technical development strategy Build infrastructure for system Establish quality standards for fuel Implement demonstration tests Phase for introduction Establish fuel supply system and others Public institutions/ companies concerned take the lead in introducing FCV's Formulate technology development for Phase II Aim to spread 50,000 FCV's/500 hydrogen stations by 2010 Phase for spread Establish fuel supply system and others Cost reduction Progress of spread among the general public Aim to spread 5 mil. FCV's/ 3,500 hydrogen stations by 2020 Aim to spread 15 mil. FCV's/8,500 hydrogen stations by 2030 Reports compiled by the Fuel Cell Commercialization Strategy Study Group in March 2004)

4 Positioning of the JHFC Project Project Japan Hydrogen & Fuel Cell Demonstration Project Japan Automobile Research Institute, Inc. FCV * Demonstration study * FCV Fuel Cell Vehicle Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry Engineering Advancement Association of Japan New Energy Foundation Demonstration study of hydrogen refueling facilities for fuel cell vehicles Demonstration study of stationary fuel cells

5 JHFC Project Overview Vehicle to be tested Direct Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles Refueling Facilities Hydrogen Stations Compressed Hydrogen/Liquid Hydrogen Implementation period Subsidies (JHFC) FY 2002 FY 2005 * *Though it was supposed to be until fiscal 2004 under the original plan, it was extended one year to fiscal 2005 FY billion yen FY billion yen FY billion yen FY billion yen

6 Features of the JHFC Project Japan s s first large-scale FCV demonstration study * 8 automakers take part in test-runs of FCV's on public roads * Gather data on driving performance/reliability/environmentally-friendly friendly qualities/fuel economy under the urban driving mode The world s s first attempt to operate hydrogen-refueling refueling facilities using a wide variety of fuels * 15 infrastructure manufactures take part in hydrogen-refueling refueling tests * Set up hydrogen-refueling refueling facilities involved in LPG reformation/desulfurized gasoline/methanol reformation/naphtha reformation/water electrolysis/city gas reformation/kerosene reformation/liquid hydrogen h storage and others to supply FCV's with hydrogen, thereby evaluating ating their operation * Efficient hydrogen recovery from by-product gas and development verification of liquid hydrogen production are to be conducted National project subsidized and promoted by METI

7 Purpose of the JHFC Project Clarify energy-saving effects of FCV's and hydrogen-supply facilities Clarify beneficial effect on the environment of FCV's and hydrogen- refueling facilities Provide data to set standards, rules, and regulations involved in safety and others of FCV's and hydrogen-refueling refueling facilities Enlightening (public relations) activities to increase public recognition of hydrogen-refueling refueling facilities Clarify issues to promote the spread of FCV's and hydrogen-refueling refueling facilities Verify the technology to efficiently recover hydrogen from by-product gas to liquefy hydrogen

8 Results Participating companies Hydrogen-refueling Facilities Results of demonstration Hydrogen-refueling Tests Studying Well-to-Wheel Efficiency Public Relations Activities Safety Promotion Activities Investigation of Overseas Projects

9 Participating companies automakers (Vehicle Certification) (Vehicle Certification)

10 Participating companies (infrastructure manufacturers)

11 Hydrogen-Refueling Facilities 6 stations in stations in stations in 2004 Ome hydrogen station (city gas reformation, relocatable) Sagamihara hydrogen station (alkaline water electrolysis, relocatable) Yokohama Asahi hydrogen station (naphtha reformation) Hadano hydrogen station (kerosene reformation) Yokohama Daikoku hydrogen station (desulfurized gasoline reformation) Senju hydrogen station (LPG reformation) Kasumigaseki Hydrogen station (Off-site hydrogen, relocatable) Ariake hydrogen station (liquid hydrogen storage) Kawasaki hydrogen station (methanol reformation) Yokohama Tsurumi hydrogen station (off-site supply facilities) Liquid hydrogen production technology development (using by-product hydrogen from an iron works) Central Japan International Airport Expo 2004 Hydrogen Station/Seto-North (off-site hydrogen) Expo 2004 Hydrogen Station/Seto-South (city gas reformation)

12 Results of Construction and Operation of Hydrogen-refueling refueling FY 2002 FY 2003 FY 2004 FY 2005 Kasumigaseki Hydrogen station (Off-site hydrogen, relocatable) Yokohama Daikoku hydrogen station (desulfurized gasoline reformation) Yokohama Asahi hydrogen station (naphtha reformation) Senju hydrogen station (LPG reformation, city gas reformation) Ariake hydrogen station (liquid hydrogen storage) Kawasaki hydrogen station (methanol reformation) Yokohama Tsurumi hydrogen station (off-site supply facilities) Hadano hydrogen station (kerosene reformation) (transferred from NEDO WE-NET) Sagamihara hydrogen station (alkaline water electrolysis, relocatable) Ome hydrogen station (city gas reformation, relocatable) Expo 2005 Hydrogen Station/Seto-South (city gas reformation) Expo 2005 Hydrogen Station/Seto-North (off-site hydrogen) Liquid hydrogen production technology development (using by-product hydrogen from an iron works) Design /Construction Operation/Evaluation

13 Results of FCV Demonstration FCV Driving Tests FY 2002 FY 2003 FY 2004 FY 2005

14 Demonstration Base JHFC Park Yokohama Daikoku hydrogen station Show Room Maintenance room

15 FCV Driving Tests (Passenger vehicles) Driving test mode Free driving test A drive via an undesignated route to gather data Planned driving test The FCV's run via the routes designated by JHFC to gather data Event driving test The FCVs take part in an event to gather data on driving performance Items to be measured Ome station 10 Kanagawa 9 Sagamihara station routes utilizing stations Public road Highway Yokohama Asahi station Tokyo 2 6 Kawasaki satation 7 Senju station 5 Ariake station 3 Yokohama Tsurumi station 4 Tokyo Bay Mileage Driving time Amount of hydrogen filled Hydrogen consumption, and others Hadano Station 1 Yokohama Daikoku station (JHFC park) Chiba

16 FCV Driving Tests (Metropolitan Bus) Driving test mode Free driving test A drive via an undesignated route to gather data Tokyo Station Monzennakacho *Projects surrounding FCV buses (completed in Dec 2004) Tokyo Metropolitan Government s s fuel cell bus pilot project Planned driving test * The FCV's run via the routes designated by JHFC to gather data Event driving test The FCV's take part in an event to gather data on driving performance Items to be measured Mileage Driving time Amount of hydrogen filled Ariake Hydrogen Station Tokyo Teleport Tokyo Big Site METI JHFC Project MLIT FC bus demonstration project (3 projects in cooperation)

17 FCV Driving Tests (Expo 2005 Bus Driving Period: Mar 25 - Sep 25, 2005 (185 days) 1 million visitors used FC buses during the period. Seto venue Terminal Nagakute venue bus terminal Seto venue Nagakute venue TOYOTA/HINO FCHV BUS

18 FCV Driving Tests (Actual results 1) Total mileage of the FCV's and the amount of hydrogen supplied (Dec Dec 2005) Mileage Amount of hydrogen supplied Mileage * Since not all hydrogen supplied was used for driving, there is no direct correlation between the mileage and the amount of hydrogen supplied Hydrogen Refueling 15000

19 FCV's Driving Tests (Actual results 2) Clarification of FCV fuel economy (hydrogen consumption) The comparison results of the average of FCV's, ICVs, HEVs (Apr 2004-Dec 2005, with air conditioner off, before weight correction) Average of all FCV's (No. of data 2856) Average of all HEVs (No. of data 1882) FCVs used: FCHV, X-TRAIL FCV, FCX, HydroGe 3, F-Cell, Mitsubishi FCV, Wagon R-FCV (including vehicles carrying secondary batteries, etc.) ICVs used: Kluger, X-trail, CR-V, Astra, A-Class, Grandis, Wagon R HEVs used: Prius, former Prius, Estima Hybrid, Tino Hybrid, Insight Gasoline density kg/l Gasoline energy (LHV) 45.1 MJ/kg Hydrogen energy (LHV) 120 MJ/kg Average weight of FCV kg Average weight of ICV kg Average weight of HEV kg Average of all ICVs (No. of data 1807)

20 Hydrogen-refueling refueling Tests (actual results) Energy efficiency of demonstration hydrogen stations Locations Yokohama Daikoku Yokohama Asahi Kawasaki Hadano Senju Seto South Facility type desulfurized gasoline reformation naphtha reformation methanol reformation kerosene reformation LPG reformation city gas reformation city gas reformation Energy efficiency LHV (HHV) 58.7 (64.1) 60.4 (66.2) 65.0 (68.8) 54.6 (61.1) 58.7 (63.8) 60.7 (65.2) 62.5 (66.7) Energy efficiency from feedstock to fuel tank on the vehicle was calculated Electricity is regarded as 3.6 MJ/kWh (No power generation efficiency is taken into account) Energy of gaseous material : heating value and energy of compression Efficiency was also calculated for water electrolysis type, off-site type, etc.

21 Calculation of Total Efficiency Results of Well to Wheel efficiency calculation based on demonstration data Input primary energy per 1km driving (10 15 Mode) MJ/km Unit: FCV current calculated by using "hydrogen station" and "FCV" top data from JHFC project, and by using other data calculated from published top data. FCV future calculated by using FC System future efficiency 60% data and published top data. Electric power sources: average in Japan

22 Public Relation Activities ) ) Activities in JHFC Park Tours for Visitor as needed) Special Event parent-participating participating classes in summer and winter holiday Activities in Hydrogen Stations Learning classes for neighboring elementary school children Participation in local events FCV School for Kids Total 9 schools for Metropolitan area and Osaka, Akita, Aichi FCV Caravan Held on Sep 8-9, Driven approx. 380 km from Tokyo Ariake hydrogen station to Expo 2005 Aichi Test-ride drive and exhibition held in Shizuoka and Hamamatsu on the way JHFC Homepage renewal, Awareness survey, etc. FCV School for Kids FCV Caravan JHFC Park Tour

23 Safety Promotion Activities Activity policy Promote precautions to eliminate accidents Activities Information exchange on a daily basis Mutual visits to hydrogen stations Suggestions for improvements Hydrogen safety study meetings Safety Information exchange with CaFCP Participation in various safety training programs Mutual visits to hydrogen stations Achievements Thanks to activities shown above, demonstration tests have been completed without accidents. Study meeting

24 Investigation of Overseas Projects Asia and Australia EV863 GEF-UNDP (China) Sinergy (Singapore) STEP (Perth, Australia) Europe CUTE/ECTOS HyFLEET:CUTE CEP (Germany) Zero-Regio (Germany-Italy) North Africa CaFCP DOE VFCVP (Vancouver Fuel Cell Vehicle Project)

25 As of the end of December 2005, the total mileage of the FCV's stood at 464,960 km and the total amount of hydrogen supplied reached 23,213 kg. As for FC passenger vehicles, mode fuel economy was measured. In addition, the fuel economy on public roads was measured and compared with those of gasoline-powered, and hybrid vehicles. As a result, it proved to be fuel-efficient. Hydrogen production efficiency was clarified for 12 hydrogen stations operated. As for total efficiency, "Well to Wheel" efficiency and CO 2 emission were calculated based on demonstration data. JHFC has been making an effort to enhance public recognition of FCV's and hydrogen stations through public relations activities including FCV caravan, FCV School for Kids, and other events. As for safety promotion activities, JHFC focused on precautions, resulting in successful completion of demonstrations without accidents.