How to make Bal,c Sea countries greener with compe,,ve biofuels

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1 How to make Bal,c Sea countries greener with compe,,ve biofuels Nordic Baltic Bioenergy Vilnius, Lithuania Tomas Ekbom Swedish Bioenergy Association

2 BioDriv a network under Svebio for organisa6ons and companies that will create a fossil-free transport sector and promote sustainable biofuels. The network comprises about 60 companies and 130 people. We all work together a unique way to move the transport sector na6onally, in contrast to the Europeran level with split organiza6ons.

3 Swedish goals & visions for the future Climate and energy policy goals for 2020: 40 % reduc6on of greenhouse gas emissions outside EU ETS, compared to % renewable energy of total energy use 10 % renewable energy in transport sector 20 % increased energy efficiency Priority for 2030: A vehicle fleet which is independent of fossil fuels. Vision for 2050: A sustainable energy supply that makes efficient use of resources and gives rise to zero net emissions of GHG to the atmosphere.

4 Swedish development in biofuels Source: SCB and Swedish Energy Agency

5 Swedish road transport 2015 (TWh) Diesel, 45.6 TWh, 51.3% Petrol, 29.9 TWh, 33.6% Biofuels 12.9 TWh, 14.5% Natural gas, 0.5 TWh, 0.6% Ethanol 1.6 TWh, 1.7% RME 3.6 TWh 4.0% HVO 6.6 TWh 7.4% Biogas 1.1 TWh, 1.3% Ref. Swedish Energy Agency (Kortsiktsprognos mars 2016).

6 Biofuel share in EU transport % EU 5,1 5,4 5,9 Czech Republic 5,6 5,7 6,1 Denmark 5,5 5,7 5,8 Germany 6,9 6,3 6,6 Estonia 0,3 0,2 0,2 Spain 0,4 0,4 0,5 France 7,1 7,2 7,8 Lithuania 4,8 4,6 4,2 Austria 7,8 7,5 8,9 Poland 6,1 6,0 5,7 Portugal 0,4 0,7 3,4 Finland 0,4 9,9 12,6 Sweden 8,3 9,8 12,3 United Kingdom 3,7 4,4 4,9 Norway 1,4 1,6 4,8 Eurostat 9 Feb 2016 Sweden and Finland top leaders Czech and France rapid increase Estonia, Spain and Portugal struggles Germany sideways Poland backwards Lithuania, what is going on?

7 Main biofuel technologies and products Anaerobic diges,on: biogas for special vehicles from e.g. manure, agri, municipal and sewage wastes. Fermenta,on and wood cooking: bioethanol for petrolblending or as neat fuels (E85, ED95). Made from sugar containing crops and wood. Esterifica,on: biodiesel (FAME) from vegetable oils in diesel. Hydrogena,on: biodiesel (HVO) from e.g. vegetable and animal oils, as well as tall oil; in fact any renewable oil. Gasifica,on: hydrogen, biomethane, alcohols, Fischer- Tropsch diesel and DME from any type of organic feedstock Pyrolysis: a liquid that can be gasified and synthesised to biofuels or hydrogenated to biodiesel

8 Es,mated produc,on costs of biofuels EUR cents/litre petrol equivalent Ref.: Pål Börjesson, FFF-study

9 Gasifica,on gives high flexibility Agriculture Steam turbine Torrefaction Power Forest fuels Gas turbine Heat/Cool Construction Pyrolysis, Carbonizer Gas engine Chemicals Wastes Gasification Synthesis Fuels

10 Alcohol as fuel is 100 years old

11 Biodiesel is 100 years old The use of vegetable oils for engine fuels may seem insignificant today, but such oils may become, in the course of 6me, as important as petroleum products of the present 6me. Dr. Rudolf Diesel, 1912

12 World s first: Virgin Atlan,c civil aircrab flight in 2008 on babassu & coconut oil 12

13 Karlstad Airport flies on biojet Domes,c jet consump,on = ca 20 % of 1.15 million m 3

14 World s first train on 100 % biodiesel, the Virgin Voyager in 2007 The Virgin Voyager star,ng from London used B20 in May Runs regularly since Sept on B100.

15 Inlandsbanan is a non-electrified railway which is fuelled by green diesel fuel Swedish train diesel consump,on m 3

16 Ship engines can run on green marine fuels The Bal,c Sea traffic is 1000 vessels, which consumes tonnes each = 10 million tonnes per year

17 Time for oil to go green

18 Conclusions for Bal,c countries Cooperate and organize the industry for biofuels to make a change. Together you are stronger. Set poli6cal goals, long-term policy for transport and develop government ini6a6ves and support programs. There is no one solu6on to 100 % biofuels. Also, it is key to keep alterna6ves viable. Thus, invest in neat fuel vehicles (E85, ED95, B100 and biogas). Making ends meet, low and high blend. Biofuel produc6on depends on available resources. Easiest are for biogas, bioethanol and biodiesel.

19 Welcome to the Interna,onal Wood Biorefining Week May, 2016 in Stockholm!

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