Aqua Scooter. Final Presentation. Dylan Cannon, Darin Gilliam, Eli Palomares, Elizabeth Tyler, Jiyan Wang, Tyler Winston.

Transcription

1 Aqua Scooter Final Presentation Dylan Cannon, Darin Gilliam, Eli Palomares, Elizabeth Tyler, Jiyan Wang, Tyler Winston December 2, 2014

2 Overview Objectives Problem Definition Engine Analysis Shell Analysis Final Considerations Conclusion References 2

3 Project Goal Need Current Aqua Scooter model does not meet EPA regulations. Goal Design an improved Aqua Scooter that exceeds EPA regulations. 3

4 Objectives Design an aesthetically pleasing Aqua Scooter, that complies with EPA regulations. The new design should be lightweight and provide similar thrust. The system must be buoyant and relatively cheap to manufacture. Must be safe for a child to use. 4

5 Objectives Analyze and compare gasoline, propane, and butane 4-stroke engine concepts. Quantify the ability for each fuel source to meet EPA regulations. Calculate the drag coefficients for the two final outer shell designs. Calculate thrust assuming a propeller that will generate a 5mph velocity. 5

6 Current Model Two- Stroke Engine Used for typically greater power to weight ratio. Mixed oil and fuel injected into combustion chamber by carburetor. Exhaust emissions Can t meet current EPA regulations. Unburned exhaust emissions enter the atmosphere. 6

7 Constraints ½ gallon, plastic fuel tank Internal combustion powered Metal engine and muffler housing Starter assembly is plastic and metal Plastic prop protection Control handle included Throttle control Exhaust valve Must be 18 pounds or less Must provide at least 50 pounds thrust 7

8 Problem Definition Design a hydrodynamic, inexpensive, aesthetically pleasing Aqua Scooter, with a marine engine that complies with EPA regulations. [1] 8

9 Gantt Chart Table 1: Gantt Chart and Deliverable schedule. 9

10 QFD Customer Needs Engineering Requirements Engineering Targets Bench Marks Table 2: QFD matrix relates customer needs and engineering requirements. 10

11 House of Quality Weight Buoyancy Fuel Capacity Thrust Exhaust Emission Operating Life Warranty Table 3: House of quality correlates engineering requirements. 11

12 Team Concepts Boomerang Octopus Magneto Hydrodynamic Propulsion System Propane Injected 4-Stroke Duck Scooter Tank Housing 2 Propeller 4 Mix Engine Enclosed Housing Adjustable Jet Catalytic Converter and Coil Fuel Injected 2-Stroke 12

13 Aesthetically Pleasing Minimal Probability of Error Ease of Manufacture EPA Requirements Complexity of Design Provides Thrust Hydrodynamic Efficient Lightweight Minimal Cost of Materials Total Weighted Factor Decision Matrix Requirements and Criteria Requirement Weighting 10% 10% 10% 20% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 100% Boomerang Octopus Magnetohydrodynamic propulsion Propane injected 4 stroke Duck Scooter Propeller Mix Engine Enclosed Housing Adjustable Jet Catalytic Converter and Coil Fuel Injected 2 Stroke Tank Housing

14 Criteria Aesthetically Pleasing 10% Minimal Probability of Error 10% Ease of Manufacture 10% EPA Regulations 20% Complexity of Design 10% Provides Thrust 10% Hydrodynamically Efficient 10% Lightweight 10% Minimal Cost of Materials 10% 14

15 Top Two Ideas Boomerang with 4-stroke Propane Engine with Adjustable Jet Two Propeller with 4-stroke 4-mix Engine with Adjustable Jet 15

16 Concept Analysis Gasoline Analysis Propane Analysis Butane Analysis Shell Analysis [12] 16

17 Gasoline Analysis Dimensions Aqua Scooter 2-Stroke Engine (AS 650) 4-Stroke Engine (Honda GXH50) Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) Weight (lb) Bore (mm) Stroke (mm) Displacement (cc) Power (HP) rpm Thrust (kg) Fuel Mixture Unleaded 87 Octane or Higher Fuel Tank Capacity (L) Price ($) (+/-) [1] [2] 17

18 Propane and Butane Analysis Assumptions Calculated using Honda GXH50 converted to propane or butane. Running time of 3 hours. Not Adjusted for Efficiency. Results Calculated weight of propane is ounces. Calculated weight of butane is ounces. 18

19 Velocity Based on Thrust Calculations Variable Values V e = m s T = 50lbf 4.448N = 222 [N] 1 lbf A = [m 2 ] diameter = 8in =.2032m T = mv e m = ρv i A 2 T = 2ρAV i mv o T = ρv i A(V e V 0 ) 19

20 Chemical Calculations Propane Stoichiometry C 3 H 8 +5O N 2 3CO 2 +4H 2 O+18.8N 2 Butane Stoichiometry C 4 H 10 +9O N 2 4CO 2 +10H 2 O+33.84N 2 20

21 Air Fuel Ratio Calculations AF Ratio for 87 Octane is 15:1 AF Ratio for Propane M air = M propane = AF propane = AF propane = lb air lb propane 1 AF Ratio for Butane M air = M butane = AF butane = AF butane = lb air : 1 lb butane 21

22 Shell Analysis Drag Force F = 0.5ρV 2 C d A Where: F = Drag force N ρ = Density kg m 3 V = Velocity m s C d = Drag Coefficient [unitless] A = Area orthogonal to flow [m 2 ] [3] 22

23 Shell Analysis- Boomerang Assumptions C d = 0.5 A = in 2 = 0.714m 2 ρ = 999 kg m 3 V e = m s Drag Force F = 0.5ρV 2 C d A F = (.5)(0.714) F = N 23

24 Shell Analysis- Triton Assumptions C d = 0.10 A = in 2 = m 2 ρ = 999 kg m 3 V e = Drag Force F = 0.5ρV 2 C d A F = (.1)(0.3311) F = 82. 6N m s 24

25 Power Calculation V e = m s P d = F d v = 1 2 ρv3 AC d P d(boomerang) = W = 2.669hp P d(triton) = W = hp 25

26 Final Concept Considerations Conversion Kits 2-Stroke Engines 4-Stroke Engines Emission Testing Portable Devices On-Site Testing Testing Environment Cost of Materials 26

27 Conversion Kits: Butane and Propane Alt Fuel Regulators Fuel Line Attachment Line Intake Adaptor Bracket for Tank Propane Carbs Spud-In Conversion System Fuel Tube Regulator Vacuum Idle Needle 27

28 Husqvarna 2-Stroke Engine $ lbs Full Dry Weight 28cc Displacement 68.5 g/kwh [16] 28

29 Tanaka Two-Stroke Engine $ HP 11lbs [17] 29

30 Briggs & Stratton 4-Stroke $ HP 40cc Displacement 8lbs Dry Weight [18] 30

31 Honda GX-25 4-Stroke Engine $ HP 25cc Displacement 6.8lbs Dry Weight [19] 31

32 Emissions Testing Portable Emissions Enerac $ On Location Testing Carnot emission services Gary $ Olson-Ecologic Engine Testing Laboratories David Olson Currently Researching How to Test Deer Valley Emissions Test 501West Deer Valley Road, Phoenix, AZ

33 Campus Testing Environment 150 Gallon Tank $ Check with Biology Trough Pool $ Used stores Craigslist [1],[13] 33

34 Cost of Materials Item Cost A Cost B % of Total % of Total Conversion Kits $ $ % 5.92% Emission Testing $ 1, $ % 51.33% Testing Environment $ $ % 6.16% 2-Stroke Engine $ $ % 10.01% 4-Stroke Engine $ $ % 11.78% Shipping of Engines $ $ % 4.44% Shell Prototype $ $ % 2.96% Oil $ $ % 1.48% Butane Gas $ $ % 2.96% Propane Gas $ $ % 2.96% $ 2, $ 1,

35 Conclusion Butane and Propane are viable options for engine fuel C d F d Testing Environments Trough 2-Stroke 4-Stroke Emissions Testing Cost of Materials [11] 35

36 References [1] L. Arnone, M. Janeck, M. Marcacci, R. Kirchberger, M. Pontoppidan and R. Busi, "Development of a direct injection two-stroke engine for scooters," in Small Engine Technology Conference and Exhibition, November 28, November 30, 2001,. [2] B. Douville, P. Ouellette, A. Touchette and B. Ursu, "Performance and emissions of a two-stroke engine fueled using high-pressure direct injection of natural gas," in 1998 SAE International Congress and Exposition, February 23, February 26, 1998,. [3] P. Duret, A. Ecomard and M. Audinet, "A new two-stroke engine with compressed-air assisted fuel injection for high efficiency low emissions applications," in International Congress and Exposition, February 29, March 4, 1988,. [4] H. Huang, M. Jeng, N. Chang, Y. Peng, J. H. Wang and W. Chiang, "Improvement of exhaust emissions from a two-stroke engine by direct injection system," in International Congress and Exposition, March 1, March 5, 1993,. [5] W. Mitianiec, "Direct injection of fuel mixture in a spark ignition two-stroke engine," in SAE 2002 World Congress, March 4, March 7, 2002,. [6] K. Morikawa, H. Takimoto, T. Kaneko and T. Ogi, "A study of exhaust emission control for direct fuel injection two-stroke engine," in Small Engine Technology Conference and Exposition, September 28, September 30, 1999,. [7] P. Rochelle and W. Perrard, "Fuel consumption and emission reduction of a small two-stroke engine through air-assisted fuel injection and delayed-charging," in International Congress and Exposition, March 1, March 4, 1999,. [8] Stihl KM 130 R. Accessed 10 Oct 2014.Firewood Hoarders Club. r-4-mix-engine.3850/ [9] A. Dave, Development of a Reed Valve Model for Engine Simulations for Two-Stroke Engines, 1st ed., SAE International, [10] [11] 36

37 References [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] AvjO8P8HAQ [19] [20] 37

38 Any Questions? 38