Power Perfector. Testing for Energy Savings. Undertaken by the Environmental Technology Centre. University of Nottingham.

Transcription

1 Undertaken by the Environmental Technology Centre University of Nottingham Data supplied by Woodmead Energy Services On behalf of Bardo Electrical Ltd & Legend Power (UK) Plc 1

2 CONTENTS 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY. 3 2 INTRODUCTION 3 3 UNIT CAPABILITY 4 4 METHOD The Trials 5 5 DATA COLLECTION 5 6 RESULTS 6 CONCLUSIONS 6 DATA AND CHARTS Page 2 of 14

3 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY. The trials were carried out to determine the capability of the in reducing energy consumption. A range of equipment was used to provide the electrical load and data collection took place for pre set periods with the PP set at different voltage reductions. The data shows that the PP is capable of saving on electrical energy consumption. During these trials, the PP unit set at % voltage reduction resulted in an energy saving of 11.6%. At this setting, there was no deterioration in lighting levels and no reduction in speed on the motor or fans. There was a slight range in temperature difference on the heating equipment as we would expect with this type of heating due to accuracies and differing ambient temperatures. An indication of what happens to a resistive load i.e. a kettle, is shown on the chart where it took 25 more seconds to reach 100 o C with the PP set at % voltage reduction than that when no PP was in circuit. The difference on energy consumption for each piece of equipment was not recorded but recordings were taken overall 2 INTRODUCTION The Environmental Technology Centre at the University of Nottingham has been set up as a resource for teaching, research and business support. The Environmental Technology Centre can provide an independent test house for existing technologies and provide businesses with a physical try before you buy type of facility. The trials performed in the Environmental Technology Centre can be used as the basis for the provision of guidance to businesses as to which direction to go when taking that all important step towards energy efficiency. The activities at the Environmental Technology Centre will provide case studies and enable the dissemination of independent, authoritative and factual information. We have some further ideas to assist smaller businesses through waste minimisation initiatives. In the case of SMEs, they will be encouraged and assisted to look at no- to low-cost measures first. The Environmental Technology Centre carried out trials on a (PP) Serial Number LP-5-4HK Rated at 50 kva energy efficiency device that reduces electricity consumption by optimising supply voltages. The tests were carried out for Bardo Electrical Ltd and Legend Power UK Plc. The Environmental Technology Centre houses a range of equipment to include, fluorescent lighting, motors, resistance heaters, inductive heating, fans, pumps etc. Page 3 of 14

4 The main aim of the trials was to determine resultant energy savings over a set period on a range of loads. It should be noted that over the years there have been many so called energy saving devices on the market with some of them falling short of delivering savings and some actually consuming more energy with them in circuit. With most of them, it depends on what type of loads they are installed on and sometimes there is not a good fit. Installing these devices on the wrong type of loads and the disappointing results has damaged the market. Customer confidence has dropped and caution is applied, quite rightly, by anyone considering installing such equipment. With this in mind the Environmental Technology Centre approached the trials with caution but were however open minded as to what results would follow. 3 UNIT CAPABILITY It is claimed by LP that the unit is capable of: Reducing the voltage to the optimum level Rebalancing of the three phases Acting as a harmonic filter The PP can be adjusted to give voltage reductions of 4,5,6 or % and the manufacturer claims that the unit transformer has very low losses. 4 METHOD To achieve realistic testing, the PP unit and two ML3 energy consumption data loggers were installed on the supply to a distribution board as shown below. This supplies all electrical energy to the ETC s main laboratory ETC Distribution Board Two Diverse Loads Induction motors, discharge lighting, resistive loads, pumps, fans etc Energy Data Logger Energy Saving Unit Energy Data Logger 415V Supply Rebalancing of Phase Voltages Page 4 of 14

5 4.1 The Trials Fitting the PP in line with the supply to distribution board number two in the Environmental Technology Centre There was circuit breaker protection before and after the PP There were be two logging devices used, one before and one after the PP The logging devices and software provided information on: - Current per phase Consumption per phase Total consumption Power factor kw/kva/kwhs The loads seen by the PP were of a varied nature which included, resistive, inductive and capacitive loads. The loads were switched during pre-determined times and duplicated over a number of days, giving a direct comparison. Each day having a different setting applied to the PP, i.e. 4,5,6 and % voltage drop and with NO PP in circuit. Additional measurements were taken on equipment, which included; speed of motors, fans, variance of lighting levels and time taken for heating known volume of water. There were no tests carried out to determine the capability of the PP unit as a harmonic filter. 5 DATA COLLECTION The following table shows the range of equipment used as load for the tests. Test 0%-% Voltage reduction Order Equipment Rating Range Notes 1 Membrane pump 2.2kW 2 Quartz heater 3kW 3 Water pump 0.9kW 4 Fans Demo dampered 204l/s 204l/s inverter 214l/s 216l/s 5 Induction Hot plate 5kW 235 o C 21 o C 6 Spot cooler 1.kW Bench conveyor + 3kW htr Carbolite oven 24kW 19 o C 220 o C 9 Short wave heater 3kW 10 Bench fernace 5kW(2ph) 63 o C 53 o C 11 Kettle 2kW 15 secs 210 secs 12 Lighting 1lux 4 lux 13 Motor speed 3kW 1493 rpm 1495 rpm bar on full throttled cooled with spot cooler on full on full door open on full door open 1 litre tea room high level same load The equipment above was switched on, left for a short period then recorded for one hour for each of the 5 tests (4,5,6 and % voltage reduction plus with the PP out of circuit). 1- The membrane pump was circulating water Page 5 of 14

6 2- The quartz heater was on full and had no thermostat 3- The water pump was on an inverter demonstration circulating water 4- Two fans were set at a fixed flow, controlled with a damper or with an inverter 5- Induction hot plate was cooled to ensure the thermostat did not operate 6- The spot cooler was a heatpump which was used on the Induction hot plate - The bench conveyor was around 3.2kW - The carbolite oven was a convection oven and the door was left open 9- The short wave heater was on full and had no thermostat 10- The bench furnace was run with the door open 11- A kettle was used to heat up 1 litre of water and a data logger recorded temperatures 12- A Lux meter was used to record any changes in lighting levels (controlled room) 13- The speed of a motor shaft was recorded with an optical tachometer. The energy loggers were set to record every 5 minutes. The temperature logger for the kettle was set to record every 5 seconds. 6 RESULTS It was found that savings on energy consumption were made with the maximum savings made at % voltage reduction giving a saving in kwhrs of 11.6%. At this setting, there was no deterioration in lighting levels and no reduction in speed on the motor or fans. There was a slight range in temperature difference on the heating equipment as we would expect with this type of heating due to accuracies and differing ambient temperatures. An indication of what happens to a resistive load i.e. a kettle, is shown on the chart where it took 25 more seconds to reach 100 o C with the PP set at % voltage reduction than that when no PP was in circuit. The difference on energy consumption for each piece of equipment was not recorded but recordings were taken overall. CONCLUSIONS The facts show that the device does work. Over the period of the tests the device saved energy with the greatest savings being made at the greatest voltage reduction. Page 6 of 14

7 DATA AND CHARTS Electric Kettle boiling 1 litre of water Tappings 0% 5% 6% % The time taken to achieve 100 Deg C Date Duration(secs) Deg C Deg C Deg C Deg C was 25 seconds longer with PP set at % than that set at 0% (ie no PP in circuit) 05/06/02 Start /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ /06/ Page of 14

8 Boiling 1 litre of water Deg C % 5% 6% % 20 0 Start Duration (Seconds) Water temperature trend lines Deg C Start Duration (seconds) Table summary for kwhrs recorded over the 5 tests Linear (6%) Linear (%) Linear (5%) Linear (0%) kwhrs Saving % No PP in circuit PP set at 4% PP set at 5% PP set at 6% PP set at % Page of 14

9 Site Details : With NO PP File Type : 3PHASE Period Start : 10/06/2002 Period End : 10/06/2002 Integration : 5 Minutes Time Current Voltage I1 I2 I3 V1 V2 V3 KW kwhs VS KVA KVAR PF 09:35: :40: :45: :50: :55: :00: :05: :10: :15: :20: :25: :30:

10 Site Details : PP set at 4% File Type : 3PHASE Period Start : 2/05/2002 Period End : 2/05/2002 Integration : 5 Minutes Current Voltage IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT Time I1 I1 I2 I2 I3 I3 V1 V1 V2 V2 V3 V3 KW kwh s KW kwhs VS VS KVA KVA KVAR KVAR PF PF 12:40: :45: :50: :55: :00: :05: :10: :15: :20: :25: :30: :35: Page 10 of 14

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12 Site Details : PP set at 5% File Type : 3PHASE Period Start : 29/05/2002 Period End : 29/05/2002 Integration : 5 Minutes Current Voltage IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT Time I1 I1 I2 I2 I3 I3 V1 V1 V2 V2 V3 V3 KW kwhs kw kwhs VS VS KVA KVA KVA R KVAR PF PF 12:10: :15: :20: :25: :30: :35: :40: :45: :50: :55: :00: :05: Page 12 of 14

13 Site Details : PP set at 6% File Type : 3PHASE Period Start : 05/06/2002 Period End : 05/06/2002 Integration : 5 Minutes Current Voltage IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT Time I1 I1 I2 I2 I3 I3 V1 V1 V2 V2 V3 V3 KW kwh s KW kwhs VS VS KVA KVA KVAR KVAR PF PF 11:10: :15: :20: :25: :30: :35: :40: :45: :50: :55: :00: :05: Page 13 of 14

14 Site Details : PP set at % File Type : 3PHASE Period Start : 05/06/2002 Period End : 05/06/2002 Integration : 5 Minutes Current Voltage IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT Time I1 I1 I2 I2 I3 I3 V1 V1 V2 V2 V3 V3 KW kwh s KW kwhrs VS VS KVA KVA KVA R KVAR PF PF 14:35: :40: :45: :50: :55: :00: :05: :10: :15: :20: :25: :30: Page 14 of 14