Classic roof Formulae Guide V4 l March 2016

Transcription

1 Classicroof ormulae Guide V4 l March 2016

2 CONTENTS TRIGONOMETRY... PAGE 2 EXAMPLE: BASIC... PAGE 3 EXAMPLE: PYTHAGORAS THEOREM... PAGE 4 IND DIMENSION X... PAGE 5 HOW TO CALCULATE: INTRODUCTION... PAGE 6 HOW TO CALCULATE: EQUAL INTERNAL ANGLES... PAGE 7 HOW TO CALCULATE: EQUAL ACET SIZES... PAGE 8 HOW TO CALCULATE: BAY PROJECTION... PAGE 9 HOW TO CALCULATE: A LEAN-TO PITCH... PAGE 10 HOW TO CALCULATE: A LEAN-TO PITCH O A VICTORIAN... PAGE 11 1 UP 4 DOWN: MAIN RIDGE BODY RULES... PAGE 12 TAPERING EAVES BEAM OR BOX GUTTER... PAGE 13 HOW TO CALCULATE: A DROP VALLEY PITCH... PAGE 14 HOW TO CALCULATE: P SHAPE HAL RIDGE LENGTH... PAGE 15 HOW TO CALCULATE: WIRE RAME GLAZING BAR LENGTH... PAGE 16 HOW TO CALCULATE: VENTILATED WALLPLATE HEIGHTS... PAGE 17 HOW TO CALCULATE: PWP & PWL WALLPLATE HEIGHTS... PAGE 18 HOW TO CALCULATE: RIDGE LENGTHS... PAGE 19 HOW TO CALCULATE: PITCH & HEIGHT... PAGE 20 HOW TO CALCULATE: EXTERNAL BASE & INTERNAL RAME... PAGE 21 HOW TO CALCULATE: TOTAL HEIGHT O ROO-OR LEAD... PAGE 22 HOW TO CALCULATE: THE ROO SIZE (PROJECTION)... PAGE 23 HOW TO CALCULATE: A DOOR OPENING ON A 3 & 5 ACET... PAGE 24 HOW TO CALCULATE: THE TOTAL ROO VOLUME... PAGE 25 1

3 TRIGONOMETRY REMEMBER SOH - CAH - TOA ROM SCHOOL WE USE THE ABOVE OR CALCULATING CONSERVATORY ROOS. BELOW WE HAVE HAL A CONSERVATORY ROO. a B OPPOSITE c HYPOTENUSE C = 90 ADJACENT b A I ONE ANGLE IS A RIGHT (90 ) ANGLE, THE TRIANGLE IS A RIGHT OR RIGHT ANGLED TRIANGLE. THE SUM O THE THREE ANGLES IN EVERY RIGHT ANGLED TRIANGLE IS 180 DEGREES. THE SIDES O THE TRIANGLE ARE KNOWN AS a = OPPOSITE b = ADJACENT c = HYPOTENUSE A = THE PITCH O THE ROO S SIN = SINE C COS = COSINE T TAN = TANGENT SOH CAH TOA SIN A = OPP HYP COS A = ADJ HYP TAN A = OPP ADJ COSEC = COSECANT SEC = SECANT COT = COTANGENT COSEC A = HYP OPP SEC A = HYP ADJ COT A = ADJ OPP 2

4 EXAMPLE SCIENTIIC CALCULATOR NEEDED NOTE: THE SYMBOL DEG (DEGREES) NEEDS TO BE VISIBLE ON TOP LINE O CALCULATOR OR SET TO DEG. O H A INTERNAL WIDTH O CONSERVATORY = 4000MM 2. HAL INTERNAL WIDTH = 2000MM 3. KNOWN PITCH = HEIGHT O TRIANGLE (OPPOSITE HEIGHT) TO CALCULATE DIMENSION O TAN 25 = OPPOSITE ADJACENT O = A X TAN 25 O = 2000 X TAN 25 = O = 932.6MM I ANGLE 25 IS NOT KNOWN BUT DIMENSION O IS KNOWN THEN TAN X = O A TAN X = = = * TAN = 25 COTAN OR TAN -1 NEEDS TO BE OBTAINED ROM A SCIENTIIC CALCULATOR. PLEASE NOTE: THE ORDER IN WHICH DIGITS ARE PRESSED ON A SCIENTIIC CALCULATOR CAN VARY DEPENDING ON MODEL. *PROCESS : = NEXT PRESS 2ND, SHIT OR INV DIGIT. NEXT PRESS TAN DIGIT. NEXT PRESS = DIGIT. ANSWER =

5 EXAMPLE O H A PYTHAGORAS THEOREM THIS IS USED WHEN 2 SIDES ARE KNOWN IN A RIGHT ANGLED TRIANGLE AND YOU WANT TO KNOW THE THIRD H 2 = O 2 + A 2 O 2 = H 2 - A 2 A 2 = H 2 - O 2 ON THE ABOVE EXAMPLE TO IND LENGTH H H 2 = O 2 + A 2 H 2 = (932.6 X X 2000) H 2 = H 2 = H = ( = SQUARE ROOT) PRESS SYMBOL H =

6 IND DIMENSION X H A 2 O x x O 1 H A x 70 O 3 H A 1800 x H 4 O A 1050 O 5 H x A COS P = A H H = A COS P H = 1750 COS 25 = (H = 1931) 2. COS P = A H A = H x COS P A = 2110 x COS 20 = (A = 1983) 3. TAN P = O A O = A x TAN P O = 1800 x TAN 20 = (O = 655) 4. SIN P = O H H = O SIN P H = 750 SIN 15 = (H = 2898) 5. SIN P = O H H = O SIN P H = 1050 SIN 40 = (H = 1633) 5

7 EQUAL INTERNAL ANGLES, ACET SIZES & BAY PROJECTIONS ASSUMING EQUAL ACET SIZES WITH EQUAL INTERNAL ANGLES W P Y W = INTERNAL WIDTH P = INTERNAL PROJECTION CENTRE ACET X Z NOTE: I ODD NO O ACETS SELECTED (IE 5, 7 ETC) DIMENSION Y & Z ARE THE SAME. I EVEN NUMBER O ACETS SELECTED (IE 6, 8 ETC) DIMENSION X ALWAYS HAL INTERNAL WIDTH. OR DIMENSION Y, USE THE ORMULA ON PAGE 9. 6

8 EQUAL INTERNAL ANGLES OR EACH ADDITIONAL ACET ADD 180 THEN DIVIDE BY THE NUMBER O INTERNAL ANGLES 1 ACET = 180 STRAIGHT LINE 2 ACETS = INTERNAL W 3 ACETS = INTERNAL ACETS = INTERNAL ACETS = INTERNAL ACETS = INTERNAL ACETS = INTERNAL P 8 ACETS = INTERNAL ACETS = INTERNAL ACETS = INTERNAL ACETS = INTERNAL CENTRE ACET Z Y 12 ACETS = INTERNAL X 13 ACETS = INTERNAL ACETS = INTERNAL OR ALTERNATIVELY DIVIDE 180 BY THE NUMBER O INTERNAL ANGLES AND SUBTRACT THE RESULT ROM 180, OR EXAMPLE: 7 ACETS - 8 INTERNAL ANGLES = =

9 EQUAL ACET SIZES THE ORMULA OR EQUAL ACET SIZES IS: 180 DIVIDED BY THE NUMBER O INTERNAL ANGLES = DIVIDED BY 2 = TAN = x THE INTERNAL WIDTH EXAMPLE: TO IND THE ACET LENGTHS ON A 3 ACET VICTORIAN CONSERVATORY = 45 2 = PRESS TAN = X THE INTERNAL WIDTH (EG. 3000MM) GIVES THE INTERNAL ACET SIZE O MM 2 ACETS INTERNAL WIDTH x ACETS INTERNAL WIDTH x W 4 ACETS INTERNAL WIDTH x ACETS INTERNAL WIDTH x ACETS INTERNAL WIDTH x ACETS INTERNAL WIDTH x ACETS INTERNAL WIDTH x P 9 ACETS INTERNAL WIDTH x ACETS INTERNAL WIDTH x ACETS INTERNAL WIDTH x ACETS INTERNAL WIDTH x CENTRE ACET Z Y 13 ACETS INTERNAL WIDTH x X 14 ACETS INTERNAL WIDTH x

10 BAY PROJECTION - DIMENSION Y I ODD NUMBER O ACETS IS SELECTED (IE. 5, 7) THE BAY PROJECTION Y AND DIMENSION Z ARE THE SAME. I EVEN NUMBER O ACETS SELECTED (IE. 6, 8) OR BAY PROJECTION Y USE THE ORMULA BELOW. ODD ACETS: BAY PROJECTION Y = INTERNAL WIDTH - CENTRE ACET = 2 = Z OR Y EVEN ACETS: BAY PROJECTION Y = 2 ACETS INTERNAL WIDTH x ACETS INTERNAL WIDTH x W 4 ACETS INTERNAL WIDTH x ACETS INTERNAL WIDTH x ACETS INTERNAL WIDTH x ACETS INTERNAL WIDTH x ACETS INTERNAL WIDTH x P 9 ACETS INTERNAL WIDTH x ACETS INTERNAL WIDTH x ACETS INTERNAL WIDTH x ACETS INTERNAL WIDTH x CENTRE ACET Z Y 13 ACETS INTERNAL WIDTH x X 14 ACETS INTERNAL WIDTH x

11 A LEAN-TO PITCH A PITCH * C = EAVES BEAM HEIGHT TOP O RAME B internal projection EXAMPLE: PROJECTION 3000MM - PITCH 10 (MULTI EAVES) A = 3000 X TAN 10 = A = 529MM MULTI EAVES BEAM * C = EAVES 5 AND 10 = 15, 20 & 25 = 30 = 110MM 10

12 A LEAN-TO PITCH O A VICTORIAN PITCH IE. ON P-SHAPE ROO x PITCH: VICTORIAN B x PITCH: LEAN TO B EXAMPLE: VICTORIAN WIDTH 3000MM VICTORIAN PITCH 25 LEAN-TO PROJECTION 2500MM P =? LEAN TO x LEAN-TO PITCH? TO IND THE HEIGHT O ROO DIMENSION X: HAL VICTORIAN WIDTH = 1500 X TAN 25 = 699 HEIGHT 699 PROJECTION 2500 = PRESS: PRESS 2ND OR SHIT OR INV (OR TAN -1 ) PRESS TAN (OR TAN -1 ) PRESS = (15.62 ) 16 PLEASE NOTE: THIS SEQUENCE VARIES DEPENDING UPON THE CALCULATOR USED. 11

13 1 UP 4 DOWN MAIN RIDGE BODY RULES THERE ARE SIX STANDARD MAIN MK5 RIDGE BODIES EACH RIDGE BODY WILL ACCOMMODATE A 5 VARIATION IN PITCH. OR EXAMPLE A 25 WILL GO UP 1 TO 26 AND WILL GO DOWN 4 TO 21. I LOWER, A 20 RIDGE BODY WOULD GO UP TO 21 AND DOWN TO 16. THEREORE: 15 RIDGE BODY - UP TO DOWN TO 15 MINIMUM PITCH 20 RIDGE BODY - UP TO DOWN TO RIDGE BODY - UP TO DOWN TO RIDGE BODY - UP TO DOWN TO RIDGE BODY - UP TO DOWN TO RIDGE BODY - UP TO DOWN TO 36 RIDGES 41 AND ABOVE ARE ABRICATED ROM SHEET METAL AND ARE REERRED TO AS MK1 RIDGES. RIDGES HAVE BEEN ABRICATED UP TO 55, ALTHOUGH WE WOULD NOT RECOMMEND RIDGES ABOVE

14 TAPERING EAVES BEAM OR BOX GUTTER 3 ACET VIC WITH TAPERING EAVES 3 ACET VIC WITH TAPERING BOX GUTTER SHALLOWEST PITCH HAL RIDGE STEEPEST PITCH ALL GLAZING BARS ON THE LET SIDE O THE ROO ARE IN TWIST. CAN BE GLAZED IN POLYCARBONATE - NOT GLASS GLAZING BARS LAY LAT ON THE RIDGE BODY - THEN TWISTED TO LAY LAT ON THE EAVES BEAM. A PREORMED SHEET METAL ABRICATED END IS SHAPED TO MINIMISE THE TWIST IN THE GLAZING BARS TO EAVES BEAM LOCATION. TAPERED LEAN-TO SHALLOWEST PITCH TAPERED EAVES BEAM STEEPEST PITCH PLEASE NOTE: THE MAXIMUM TAPER IS 200MM PER 1000MM NB. TAKE CARE NOT TO EXCEED THE 1 UP 4 DOWN RULE EG. I USING A 25 DEGREE RIDGE BODY AND THE SHALLOWEST PITCH IS 21 BUT THE STEEPEST PITCH EXCEEDS 26 THE DESIGN MUST BE ALTERED IE. A ABRICATED RIDGE WILL BE REQUIRED. 13

15 A DROP VALLEY PITCH ALSO KNOWN AS A LOWERED VALLEY P SHAPE ROO VICTORIAN LEAN-TO USUAL REASON OR A LOWERED VALLEY IS A HEIGHT RESTRICTION AS ILLUSTRATED ABOVE =3550 GLASS 4MM TOUGHENED DGU NORMAL VALLEY LINE DROP VALLEY LINE =3274 EXAMPLE: 4000 MM WIDE WITH 30 PITCH * ROO HEIGHT = (RIDGE LASHING TRIM) * SEE PAGE 23 SURVEYORS GUIDE ASSUME: MAXIMUM HEIGHT TO BEDROOM WINDOW IS PROJECTION O LEAN-TO IS 2400MM RAME HEIGHT = 2100 EAVES HEIGHT = 110 (MULTI EAVES BEAM) 2400 X TAN 20Þ HEIGHT = 874 **SERIES 7 BAR HEIGHT = 190 (TOP O HAL RIDGE UPSTAND) OVERALL HEIGHT = 3274 PLEASE NOTE: INSTALLATION LOCATION IS IMPORTANT: PLEASE REER TO THE STRUCTURAL DESIGN GUIDE 14

16 P SHAPE HAL RIDGE LENGTH WITH HIPPED END WIRE RAME THEORETICAL LENGTH REAR WALL 32 CL HAL RIDGE 32 CL MAIN RIDGE -63 CENTRE LINE O MAIN RIDGE TO START O HAL RIDGE (MK5) -5 HAL RIDGE REDUCTION TO ACCOMMODATE 5MM ADAPTOR PLATE WIRE RAME LENGTH THEORETICAL LENGTH +32* (-68) HAL RIDGE 32 * 32MM ADDITION TO HAL RIDGE LENGTH TO COMPENSATE OR 32MM OSET ROM REAR WALL EXAMPLE: THEORETICAL LENGTH 2000MM = CUT LENGTH

17 WIRE RAME GLAZING BAR LENGTHS * ACTUAL GLAZING BAR LENGTH WILL BE DETERMINED BY: A. REDUCTION ROM INIAL POINT TO START O BAR B. OVERHANG ROM INTERNAL RAME GEORGIAN 25 PITCH SPLAYED TRANSOM 37Þ PITCH 1122 LENGTH IN PLAN AT EAVES BEAM ROM RIDGE END INIAL POINT VICTORIAN HIP OR SPLAYED 1122 COS 37 = PRESS X 2 PRESS = ( ) (ROM CENTRE LINE TO SPLIT) PRESS X 2 (SQUARED) PRESS = ( ) PRESS (SQUARE ROOT) PRESS = GEORGIAN HIP 1122 COS 37 = PRESS X 2 PRESS = ( ) (HAL INTERNAL WIDTH) PRESS X 2 (SQUARED) PRESS = ( ) PRESS (SQUARE ROOT) PRESS = TRANSOM BAR 1122 COS 37 =

18 VENTILATED WALL PLATE HEIGHTS MINIMUM PITCH 5 TO MAXIMUM PITCH 30 C B PITCH DIM A 5-109MM MM MM MM MM MM DIM B 5-25MM 10-32MM 15-35MM 20-41MM 25-47MM 30-54MM DIM C A CHAMBERED BAR TYPE SERIES MM MM MM MM MM MM EXAMPLE: PROJECTION 3000MM - PITCH 20 - POLY - RONT RAME 2100MM 3000 x TAN 20 = (7 SERIES BAR) ULL HEIGHT = = 3449 HEIGHT TO UNDERCLADDING = =

19 PWLA WALLPLATE HEIGHTS MINIMUM PITCH 5 TO MAXIMUM PITCH 35 C B PITCH DIM A 5-109MM MM MM MM MM MM MM DIM B 5-26MM 10-30MM 15-46MM 20-48MM 25-51MM 30-54MM 35-58MM A DIM C CHAMBERED BAR TYPE SERIES EXAMPLE: PROJECTION 3000MM - PITCH 20 - POLY - RONT RAME 2100MM 3000 x TAN 20 = SERIES BAR ULL HEIGHT = = 3384 HEIGHT TO UNDERCLADDING = =

20 RIDGE LENGTHS W W W BOXGUTTER R P P R P R SINGLE ENDED RIDGE R = P - 1/2 WIDTH EXAMPLE: P = 4000 W = 4000 THEREORE R = RIDGE LENGTH = 2000MM DOUBLE ENDED RIDGE R = P - W (I P IS GREATER THAN W) NOTE: I W IS GREATER THAN P, THE RIDGE WOULD RUN PARALLEL TO W EXAMPLE: P = 5000 W = 4000 THEREORE R = RIDGE LENGTH = 1000MM DOUBLE ENDED RIDGE WITH BOXGUTTER R = P - BOXGUTTER WIDTH - WIDTH EXAMPLE: P = 5165, W = THEREORE P - BOXGUTTER WIDTH = = 5000 RIDGE = RIDGE LENGTH = 1000MM 19

21 PITCH AND HEIGHT O A CONSERVATORY WHEN GIVEN AN EXACT HEIGHT RESTRICTION *135 RIDGE HEIGHT C LOWEST POINT ON CILL 768 * MADE TO 2138MM INC CILL I REQUIRED TO MEET EXACT HEIGHT B 21 D DAMP PROO A DIMENSION A: GIVEN DIMENSION 3348 ROM BEDROOM CILL TO DPC DIMENSION B: GIVEN DIMENSION 4000MM INTERNAL WIDTH GLAZING MATERIAL: POLYCARBONATE GLAZING BAR: SERIES 7 DIMENSION C: CRESTING SELECTED: CLASSIC = 205MM DIMENSION D: MULTI EAVES BEAM HEIGHT = 110MM 3348 HEIGHT RESTRICTION 2100 INDUSTRY STANDARD RAME HEIGHT 110 EAVES BEAM HEIGHT 205 CLASSIC CRESTING HEIGHT 154* MAX HEIGHT O RIDGE OR 7 SERIES BAR = (HAL INT. WIDTH) = PRESS SHIT OR INV - PRESS TAN (OR TAN -1 ) = NOTE: DIMENSIONS BASED ON SERIES 7 BAR WITH CHAMBERED CAPPINGS PRESS 2ND OR SHIT OR INV *ASSUMED MAX DIMENSION 154MM SERIES 7 15 ACTUAL PITCH O WOULD BE 146MM THEREORE 779 WOULD REDUCE TO 771MM = PRESS 2ND OR SHIT THEN TAN = EXACT PITCH = PRACTICAL PITCH = 21 (2000 X TAN 21 = 768MM) SEE DIAGRAM OR EXACT HEIGHTS 20

22 EXTERNAL BASE & INTERNAL RAME SIZES - WHEN COMING O A WALL 3165 OVERALL BASE WIDTH 165 BOXGUTTER 100MM BOX GUTTER * 1455 USING ULTRARAME 135Þ CORNER POST, ACTUAL RAME SIZE = 1455 I 70MM RAME (1465 OR 60MM RAME) SEE DRAWING ON RIGHT. OUTSIDE SKIN 165 BOX GUTTER *1455 *233 INSIDE RAME LINE 30 OUTSIDE SKIN 1476 ( = 1455) WINDOW RAME 10 CP 41 OUTSIDE SKIN THIS LENGTH = 1476 OUTSIDE SKIN 1243 OUTSIDE SKIN OUTSIDE SKIN * 233 CALCULATED ROM 165 COS 45 =

23 TOTAL HEIGHT O ROO ABOVE EAVES OR LEAD LASHING RUN SERIES 7 - OVERALL BAR HEIGHT 89MM LEAD LASH LINE EXAMPLE: 4000MM INTERNAL 25 PITCH GLAZED WITH GLASS. * SERIES 7 GLAZING BAR - HEIGHT INC CAPPINGS = 89MM 89 COS 25 = 98.20MM = 98MM LEAD LINE = 75MM PARALLEL ABOVE STARTER BAR CAPPING 75 COS 25 = 82.7MM = 83MM NOTE: LEAD LASHING LINE ALSO USED OR CAVITY TRAYS SO THAT THE CORNER O THE TRAY NEAREST THE ROO IS 75MM O THE INISHED ROO LINE DPC NOTE: DIMENSIONS BASED ON SERIES 7 BAR WITH STD CHAMBERED CAPPINGS 22

24 THE ROO SIZE (PROJECTION) I ITTING A BOXGUTTER TO A BUNGALOW ASCIA BOXGUTTER WIDTH INTERNAL WIDTH O ROO HOUSE WALL TO RONT ACE O ASCIA HOUSE WALL TO INSIDE ACE O WINDOW RAME - OVERALL PROJECTION EXAMPLE: OVERALL PROJECTION 4000MM WALL TO RONT O ASCIA 235MM BOXGUTTER WIDTH 265MM ACTUAL INTERNAL ROO DIMENSION = ( ) = 3500MM WALL TO RONT O ASCIA ROO SIZE = 3500MM NOTE: PICK O HIGH SPOTS 23

25 A DOOR OPENING ON A BRICKWORK 3 AND 5 ACET USING THE ULTRARAME CORNERPOST SYSTEM ACET 5 ACET DETAIL WINDOW RAME CORNER POST RENCH DOORS 135 CORNER POST 1368 INTERNAL RAME INCLUDING CORNER POSTS 1348 ACTUAL RAME OPENING OR DOOR 864 RENCH DOOR SIZE WINDOW RAME 938 BASE ACET BASE ACET RENCH DOORS BRICKWORK RETURN ON ACET CORNERPOST RETURN OPENING OR DOOR RENCH DOOR SIZE 1450 BASE ACET 24

26 THE TOTAL VOLUME O A VICTORIAN ROO THE TOTAL ROO VOLUME = (2 X A) + (2 X B 2 ) + (6 X C 2 ) INIAL POINT RIDGE LENGTH A A A WIRE RAME HEIGHT HAL WIDTH Volume A = ridge length x wire frame height x half the width Z X B 2 C 2 C 2 B 2 2 C 2 C 2 C2 C2 Y B 2 HAL WIDTH INIAL POINT INIAL POINT B 1 B 2 X Volume B 1 = half the width x wire frame height x X 2 Volume B 2 = Volume B 1 2 INIAL POINT INIAL POINT C 2 WIRE RAME C 1 C 2 Y = HAL ACET WIDTH Volume C 1 = Y x wire frame height x Z 2 Volume C 2 = Volume C

27 NOTES 26

28 We also offer Conservatories Orangeries Home Extensions Job No.: 3194 ORMOO1 3/16 It is Ultraframe s policy to continually seek to improve its products, processes and services, and we reserve the right to change specifications without prior notice. Ultraframe is a trading name of Ultraframe (UK) Limited Ultraframe (UK) Ltd, Salthill Road, Clitheroe, Lancashire. BB7 1PE