FIGURE 5 CFRP FABRICATION COSTS USING DIFFERENT FABRICATION METHODS ($/LB)... 9 Durability/Reliability Recyclability Conservatism...

Transcription

1 INTRODUCTION... xxv BACKGROUND... xxv STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES... xxv INTENDED AUDIENCE... xxvi SCOPE OF REPORT... xxvi INFORMATON SOURCES AND METHODOLOGY... xxvii ANALYST CREDENTIALS... xxviii RELATED BCC REPORTS... xxviii BCC ONLINE SERVICES... xxviii DISCLAIMER... xxix EXECUTIVE SUMMARY... xxx SUMMARY TABLE GLOBAL MARKET FOR LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS IN TRANSPORTATION, THROUGH xxx SUMMARY FIGURE TRENDS IN GLOBAL MARKET FOR LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS USED IN TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT, (MILLION TONS/$ BILLIONS)... xxx OVERVIEW... 1 DEFINITIONS... 1 LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS... 1 TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT... 1 IMPORTANCE OF LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS... 1 FUEL CONSUMPTION IN THE TRANSPORT SECTOR... 1 FIGURE 1 TRANSPORTATION SECTOR SHARE OF GLOBAL OIL CONSUMPTION, 2003 AND 2010 (%)... 2 FIGURE 2 GLOBAL FUEL CONSUMPTION BY TRANSPORT MODE, 2005 (%)... 3 TRANSPORT SECTOR CONTRIBUTION TO GREENHOUSE GAS AND OTHER EMISSIONS... 4 Greenhouse Gases... 4 FIGURE 3 GLOBAL TRANSPORT SECTOR CONTRIBUTION TO GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS (%)... 4 FIGURE 3 (CONTINUED)... 5 Other Pollutants... 5 ROLE OF LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS IN REDUCING TRANSPORT ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND EMISSIONS... 6 TRADEOFFS... 6 Safety Aspects of Lightweight Materials... 6 Cost... 7 FIGURE 4 COMPARATIVE COST/STRENGTH OF STEEL VS. LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS FOR VEHICLE PRIMARY STRUCTURES ($/LB AND GPA)... 8

2 FIGURE 5 CFRP FABRICATION COSTS USING DIFFERENT FABRICATION METHODS ($/LB)... 9 Durability/Reliability Recyclability Conservatism END-USER SEGMENTS TABLE 1 TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT MATERIALS CONSUMPTION, THROUGH 2011 (TONS) FIGURE 6 TRENDS IN TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT MATERIALS CONSUMPTION, (TONS) FIGURE 7 MAJOR END-USER SHARES OF TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT MATERIALS CONSUMPTION, 2005 VS (%) MOTOR VEHICLES Historical Production FIGURE 8 GLOBAL PRODUCTION OF MOTOR VEHICLES BY TYPE, 2005 (%) TABLE 2 GLOBAL MOTOR VEHICLE PRODUCTION BY TYPE, THROUGH 2005 (MILLION UNITS) FIGURE 9 TRENDS IN GLOBAL MOTOR VEHICLE PRODUCTION BY TYPE, (MILLION UNITS) Future Production FIGURE 10 FUTURE TRENDS IN PRODUCTION OF MOTOR VEHICLES BY TYPE, (MILLION UNITS) TABLE 3 PROJECTED MOTOR VEHICLE PRODUCTION BY TYPE, THROUGH 2011 (MILLION UNITS) Vehicle Weight and Materials Use FIGURE 11 AVERAGE VEHICLE WEIGHTS BY CLASS, 2005 (POUNDS) FIGURE 11 (CONTINUED) FIGURE 12 TOTAL MOTOR VEHICLE MATERIAL USAGE (MILLION TONS) FIGURE 12 (CONTINUED) RAILWAY LOCOMOTIVES AND ROLLING STOCK Historical Production TABLE 4 GLOBAL SHIPMENTS OF RAILWAY LOCOMOTIVES AND ROLLING STOCK, 2005 (UNITS) Future Shipments TABLE 5 PROJECTED SHIPMENTS OF RAILWAY LOCOMOTIVES AND ROLLING STOCK, THROUGH 2011 (UNITS) Weight and Materials Requirements TABLE 6 AVERAGE WEIGHT OF RAILWAY LOCOMOTIVES AND ROLLING STOCK (TONS PER UNIT) FIGURE 13 TOTAL RAILWAY LOCOMOTIVE AND ROLLING STOCK MATERIAL USAGE (MILLION TONS)... 22

3 SHIPS Historical Deliveries FIGURE 14 TRENDS IN WORLD SHIP DELIVERIES, (MILLION GROSS TONS) TABLE 7 WORLD SHIP DELIVERIES, THROUGH 2005 (MILLION TONS) Future Deliveries TABLE 8 WORLD SHIP DELIVERIES, THROUGH 2011 (MILLION GROSS TONS) FIGURE 15 PROJECTED SHIP DELIVERIES, (MILLION GROSS TONS) Weight and Materials Use FIGURE 16 STEELWEIGHT OF PROJECTED SHIP DELIVERIES, (MILLION TONS) AIRCRAFT Historical Aircraft Deliveries FIGURE 17 GLOBAL CIVIL AIRCRAFT DELIVERIES, 2005 (%) Future Deliveries TABLE 9 GLOBAL DELIVERIES OF CIVILIAN AIRCRAFT, THROUGH 2011 (UNITS/$ BILLIONS) FIGURE 18 TRENDS IN GLOBAL DELIVERIES OF CIVILIAN AIRCRAFT, (UNITS) Weight and Materials Requirements FIGURE 19 TOTAL CIVILIAN AIRCRAFT MATERIALS USAGE, (MILLION TONS) FIGURE 19 (CONTINUED) TABLE 10 CIVILIAN AIRCRAFT AVERAGE UNLOADED WEIGHT, BY TYPE OF AIRCRAFT, 2005 (POUNDS) Weight and Materials (Continued) LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS FOR TRANSPORTATION APPLICATIONS OVERVIEW METALS AND ALLOYS High-Strength Steel Description Technologies Carbon-Manganese Steel High-Strength Low-Alloy Steels Advanced High-Strength Steels Dual-Phase Steels Transformation-Induced Plasticity Steels High Hole Expansion Steels Complex Phase Steels Martensitic Steels... 34

4 End-Users and Applications TABLE 11 MAJOR END-USERS AND APPLICATIONS OF HIGH- STRENGTH STEEL Motor Vehicles Body Structures Other Applications Suspensions Light Truck Structures Rail Cars Shipbuilding Prices FIGURE 20 TRENDS IN GLOBAL CARBON STEEL PRICES, (APRIL 1994 = 100) Manufacturers TABLE 12 MAJOR MANUFACTURERS OF LIGHTWEIGHT STEEL FOR TRANSPORTATION APPLICATIONS Aluminum General Description Types of Aluminum Alloys TABLE 13 ALUMINUM ALLOY DESIGNATIONS Types of Aluminum (Continued) End-Users and Applications Motor Vehicles TABLE 14 AVERAGE LIGHT VEHICLE ALUMINUM CONTENT, BY REGION OF MANUFACTURE AND YEAR, THOUGH 2006 (POUNDS PER VEHICLE) FIGURE 21 TRENDS IN AVERAGE LIGHT VEHICLE ALUMINUM CONTENT, BY REGION OF MANUFACTURE AND YEAR, (POUNDS PER VEHICLE) FIGURE 22 MAIN ALUMINUM APPLICATIONS IN PASSENGER CARS AND LIGHT TRUCKS, 2006 (POUNDS PER VEHICLE) Railway Locomotives and Rolling Stock Shipbuilding Aircraft Light Aircraft Commercial Airliners and Transport Aircraft Helicopters Prices FIGURE 23 ALUMINUM ALLOY PRICE TRENDS, ($/SHORT TON) Manufacturers TABLE 15 MAJOR MANUFACTURERS OF ALUMINUM FOR TRANSPORTATION APPLICATIONS... 48

5 Titanium Description Material Types TABLE 16 TITANIUM ALLOYS COMMONLY USED IN AEROSPACE APPLICATIONS End-Users and Applications Motor Vehicles TABLE 17 TITANIUM APPLICATIONS IN MOTOR VEHICLES Exhausts Springs Engine Valves Shipbuilding Aircraft Prices Manufacturers TABLE 18 MAJOR SUPPLIERS OF TITANIUM AND TITANIUM PRODUCTS FOR TRANSPORTATION APPLICATIONS Magnesium Description Material Types End-Users and Applications Motor Vehicles Aircraft Prices FIGURE 24 TRENDS IN AVERAGE MAGNESIUM ALLOY PRICES, ($/TON) Manufacturers TABLE 19 MAJOR SUPPLIERS OF MAGNESIUM AND MAGNSEIUM PRODUCTS FOR TRANSPORTATION APPLICATIONS PLASTICS Description Material Types Commonly Used Plastics TABLE 20 COMMONLY USED PLASTICS IN TRANSPORTATION APPLICATIONS TABLE 20 (CONTINUED) Polypropylene Polyvinyl Chloride Thermoplastic Olefins Polycarbonate Polyurethane Polyethylene Nylon Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene... 63

6 Polyetheretherketone Polyphenyl Sulfone Polyetherimide End Users and Applications Motor Vehicles TABLE 21 TYPICAL PLASTICS APPLICATIONS IN MOTOR VEHICLES TABLE 21 (CONTINUED) Aircraft TABLE 22 TYPICAL PLASTICS APPLICATIONS IN AIRCFAFT Other End Uses and Applications Prices TABLE 23 PRICES OF PLASTICS USED IN TRANSPORTATION APPLICATIONS (AVERAGE $/LB) Manufacturers TABLE 24 MAJOR MANUFACTURERS OF PLASTICS FOR TRANSPORTATION APPLICATIONS FIBER-REINFORCED POLYMER COMPOSITES Description Material Types Thermoset Composites Resin Systems Polyester TABLE 25 TYPICAL SMC/BMC FORMULATION Epoxies Reinforcements Glass Carbon Thermoplastic Composites Resin Systems Reinforcements Nanocomposites Resin Systems Fillers Montmorillonite Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes End-Users and Applications Motor Vehicles TABLE 26 TYPICAL COMPOSITE APPLICATIONS IN MOTOR VEHICLES TABLE 27 AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS OF NANOCOMPOSITE MATERIALS Automotive Applications Railway Equipment... 77

7 Shipbuilding Aircraft Prices Manufacturers TABLE 28 MAJOR MANUFACTURERS OF POLYMER COMPOSITES FOR TRANSPORTATION APPLICATIONS METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES Description Types of Materials Aluminum Composites Superalloy Composites Titanium Composites End Users and Applications Motor Vehicles TABLE 29 POTENTIAL AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS OF MMCS Railway Equipment Aircraft TABLE 30 POTENTIAL COMMERCIAL/GENERAL AVIATION APPLICATIONS OF MMCS Prices Manufacturers TABLE 31 MAJOR MANUFACTURERS OF METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES FOR TRANSPORTATION APPLICATIONS HYBRID MATERIALS Description Material Types Plastic/Metal Hybrids Fiber-Reinforced Metal Laminates End-Users and Applications Motor Vehicles Front Ends Other Components Aircraft Manufacturers TABLE 32 MAJOR MANUFACTURERS OF HYBRID MATERIALS FOR TRANSPORTATION APPLICATIONS PATENT ANALYSIS OVERVIEW PATENTS AND PATENT APPLICATIONS BY TYPE OF MATERIAL FIGURE 25 U.S. PATENTS ISSUED THROUGH JUNE 2006 AND PATENT APPLICATIONS RELATING TO LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS FOR TRANSPORTATION APPLICATIONS, BY TYPE OF MATERIAL (PERCENT OF ALL PATENTS) FIGURE 25 (CONTINUED)... 92

8 PATENTS/PATENT APPLICATIONS BY TYPE OF TRANSPORT APPLICATION FIGURE 26 U.S. PATENTS ISSUED THROUGH JUNE 2006 AND PATENT APPLICATIONS RELATING TO LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS FOR TRANSPORTATION APPLICATIONS, BY TYPE OF APPLICATION (PERCENT OF ALL PATENTS) FIGURE 26 (CONTINUED) PUBLIC POLICY DIMENSIONS OF LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS BACKGROUND UNITED STATES FUEL ECONOMY STANDARDS Energy Policy and Conservation Act of National Energy Act of State and Local Legislation SAFETY STANDARDS EUROPEAN UNION FISCAL POLICY Motor Vehicle Fuel Taxes Taxes on Jet Fuel SAFETY STANDARDS JAPAN FUEL ECONOMY STANDARDS FUEL TAXES SAFETY STANDARDS OTHER COUNTRIES China Fuel Economy Standards Vehicle Safety Standards INDIA GLOBAL MARKET FOR LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS USED IN TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT SUMMARY OVERALL MARKET MARKET BY TYPE OF MATERIAL TABLE 33 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS USED IN TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT, THROUGH 2011 (MILLION TONS/$ MILLIONS) TABLE 33 (CONTINUED) FIGURE 27 TRENDS IN GLOBAL MARKET FOR LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS USED IN TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT, (MILLION TONS/$ BILLIONS)

9 FIGURE 28 GLOBAL LIGHTWEIGHT TRANSPORTATION MATERIALS MARKET SHARES BY TYPE OF MATERIAL, 2005 VS (PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL TONS CONSUMED) FIGURE 29 GLOBAL LIGHTWEIGHT TRANSPORTATION MATERIALS MARKET DOLLAR SHARES BY TYPE OF MATERIAL, 2005 VS (PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL VALUE OF LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS CONSUMED) MARKET BY END-USER SEGMENT TABLE 34 GLOBAL MARKET FORECAST FOR LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS USED IN TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT BY END- USER SEGMENT, THROUGH 2011 (MILLION TONS/$ MILLIONS) TABLE 35 GLOBAL LIGHTWEIGHT TRANSPORTATION MATERIALS MARKET SHARES BY END-USER SEGMENT, 2005 VS (PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL TONS/VALUE OF LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS CONSUMED) DETAILED MARKET ESTIMATES AND PROJECTIONS MOTOR VEHICLES Summary TABLE 36 GLOBAL CONSUMPTION FORECAST OF LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS USED IN MOTOR VEHICLES, THROUGH 2011 (MILLION TONS/$ MILLIONS) FIGURE 30 LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS TONNAGE SHARES OF MOTOR VEHICLE MARKET, (PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL TONS OF LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS CONSUMED) FIGURE 31 LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS DOLLAR SHARES OF MOTOR VEHICLE MARKET, (PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL TONS OF LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS CONSUMED) Automobiles and Light Trucks Consumption of Lightweight Materials, FIGURE 32 GLOBAL CONSUMPTION OF LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS USED IN AUTOS AND LIGHT TRUCKS, 2005 (PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL MATERIALS USED) FIGURE 33 AUTOMOBILE AND LIGHT TRUCK CONSUMPTION OF LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS, 2005 (%) TABLE 37 LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS CONSUMED IN PRODUCTION OF PASSENGER CARS AND LIGHT TRUCKS (MILLION TONS/$ MILLIONS) High-Strength Steel Aluminum Titanium Magnesium Plastics Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Composites Metal Matrix Composites

10 Hybrid Materials Market Drivers Production of Passenger Cars and Light Trucks TABLE 38 PROJECTED GLOBAL SHIPMENTS OF PASSENGER CARS AND OTHER LIGHT VEHICLES, THROUGH 2011 (MILLION UNITS) FIGURE 34 TRENDS IN WORLDWIDE SHIPMENTS OF PASSENGER CARS AND OTHER LIGHT VEHICLES, (MILLION UNITS) Market Penetration FIGURE 35 MARKET PENETRATION RATIOS FOR LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS USED IN AUTOS AND LIGHT TRUCKS, (PERCENT OF TOTAL MATERIALS WEIGHT) Price Levels FIGURE 36 PRICE TRENDS FOR LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS USED IN AUTOS AND LIGHT TRUCKS, ($/TON) Price Levels (Continued) Market Projections, 2006 to TABLE 39 PROJECTED CONSUMPTION OF LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS IN PASSENGER CARS AND LIGHT TRUCKS, THROUGH 2011* TABLE 39 (CONTINUED) FIGURE 37 AUTOMOBILE AND LIGHT TRUCK CONSUMPTION OF LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS, 2011 (%) Heavy Trucks Consumption of Lightweight Materials, FIGURE 38 GLOBAL CONSUMPTION OF LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS USED IN HEAVY TRUCKS, 2005 (PERCENT OF TOTAL MATERIALS USED) Market Drivers Production of Heavy Trucks TABLE 40 PROJECTED WEIGHT OF LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIAL USED IN HEAVY TRUCKS, (MILLION TONS) Lightweight Materials Market Penetration Lightweight Materials Price Trends TABLE 41 PROJECTED AVERAGE PRICE OF ALUMINUM ALLOYS USED IN HEAVY TRUCKS, ($/TON) MARKET PROJECTIONS, 2006 TO TABLE 42 PROJECTED CONSUMPTION OF LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS IN HEAVY TRUCKS, THROUGH 2011* Buses Consumption of Lightweight Materials,

11 FIGURE 39 GLOBAL CONSUMPTION OF LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS USED IN BUSES, 2005 (PERCENT OF TOTAL MATERIALS USED) FIGURE 40 CONSUMPTION OF LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS IN THE FABRICATION OF BUSES, 2005 (%) TABLE 43 LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS USED IN FABRICATION OF BUSES, 2005 (MILLION TONS/$ MILLIONS) Market Drivers Bus Shipments FIGURE 41 TRENDS IN WORLDWIDE SHIPMENTS OF BUSES AND RELATED MATERIALS CONSUMPTION, (UNITS/MILLION TONS) Lightweight Materials Market Penetration TABLE 44 MARKET PENETRATION RATIOS FOR LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS USED IN RAILWAY EQUIPMENT, (PERCENT OF TOTAL MATERIALS WEIGHT) Lightweight Materials Price Trends TABLE 45 PRICES OF LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS USED IN FABRICATION OF BUSES, ($/TON) Market Projections, TABLE 46 PROJECTED CONSUMPTION OF LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS USED IN BUSES, THROUGH 2011* FIGURE 42 CONSUMPTION OF LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS IN THE FABRICATION OF BUSES, 2011 (%) RAILWAY LOCOMOTIVES AND ROLLING STOCK Consumption of Lightweight Materials, FIGURE 43 GLOBAL CONSUMPTION OF LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS USED IN RAILWAY EQUIPMENT, 2005 (PERCENT OF TOTAL MATERIALS USED) FIGURE 44 CONSUMPTION OF LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS IN THE FABRICATION OF RAILWAY EQUIPMENT, 2005 (%) FIGURE 44 (CONTINUED) TABLE 47 LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS USED IN FABRICATION OF RAILWAY EQUIPMENT, 2005 (MILLION TONS/$ MILLIONS) High-Strength Steel Aluminum Alloy Plastics FRP Composites Metal Matrix Composites Market Drivers Railway Car Shipments FIGURE 45 TRENDS IN WORLDWIDE SHIPMENTS OF RAILWAY CARS, (UNITS/MILLION TONS) Lightweight Materials Market Penetration

12 TABLE 48 MARKET PENETRATION RATIOS FOR LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS USED IN RAILWAY EQUIPMENT, (PERCENT OF TOTAL MATERIALS WEIGHT) Lightweight Materials Price Trends TABLE 49 LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS USED IN FABRICATION OF RAILWAY EQUIPMENT, (MILLION TONS/$ MILLIONS) Market Projections, TABLE 50 PROJECTED CONSUMPTION OF LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS IN RAILWAY LOCOMOTIVES AND CARS, THROUGH FIGURE 46 PROJECTED CONSUMPTION OF LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS IN THE FABRICATION OF RAILWAY EQUIPMENT, 2011 (%) SHIPBUILDING Consumption of Lightweight Materials, FIGURE 47 GLOBAL CONSUMPTION OF LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS USED IN COMMERCIAL SHIPBUILIDNG, 2005 (PERCENT OF TOTAL MATERIALS USED) FIGURE 48 CONSUMPTION OF LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS IN THE COMMERCIAL SHIPBUILDING, 2005 (%) TABLE 51 LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS USED IN FABRICATION OF COMMERCIAL SHIPS, 2005 (MILLION TONS/$ MILLIONS) Aluminum Alloy TABLE 52 COMMERCIAL SHIP ALUMINUM ALLOY CONTENT, BY TYPE OF SHIP Plastics and FRP Composites Market Drivers Ship Production TABLE 53 PROJECTED WEIGHT OF MATERIAL USED IN COMMERCIAL SHIPBUILDING, Lightweight Materials Market Penetration TABLE 54 MARKET PENETRATION RATIOS FOR LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS USED IN COMMERCIAL SHIPBUILDING, (PERCENT OF TOTAL MATERIALS WEIGHT) Lightweight Materials Price Trends TABLE 55 LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS USED IN COMMERCIAL SHIPBUILIDNG, (MILLION TONS/$ MILLIONS) Market Projections, TABLE 56 PROJECTED CONSUMPTION OF LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS IN SHIPBUILDING, THROUGH 2011* FIGURE 49 PROJECTED CONSUMPTION OF LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS IN COMMERCIAL SHIPBUILDING, 2011 (%) COMMERCIAL AND CIVILIAN AIRCRAFT Consumption of Lightweight Materials,

13 FIGURE 50 GLOBAL CONSUMPTION OF LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS USED IN COMMERCIAL AND CIVILIAN AIRCRAFT, 2005 (PERCENT OF TOTAL MATERIALS USED) FIGURE 51 CONSUMPTION OF LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS IN COMMERCIAL AND CIVILIAN AIRCRAFT, 2005 (%) TABLE 57 LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS USED IN FABRICATION OF COMMERCIAL AND CIVILIAN AIRCRAFT, 2005 (MILLION TONS/$ MILLIONS) Market Drivers Production of Commercial Airliners and Freighters TABLE 58 PROJECTED WEIGHT OF MATERIAL USED IN COMMERCIAL AND CIVILIAN AIRCRAFT, (TONS) Lightweight Materials Market Penetration TABLE 59 MARKET PENETRATION RATIOS FOR LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS USED IN COMMERCIAL AND CIVILIAN AIRCRAFT, (PERCENT OF TOTAL MATERIALS WEIGHT) Lightweight Materials Price Trends TABLE 60 LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS USED IN COMMERCIAL AND CIVILIAN AIRCRAFT, (MILLION TONS/$ MILLIONS) Projected Market through TABLE 61 PROJECTED CONSUMPTION OF LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS IN COMMERCIAL AND CIVILIAN AIRCRAFT, THROUGH FIGURE 52 PROJECTED CONSUMPTION OF LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS IN COMMERCIAL AND CIVILIAN AIRCRAFT, 2011 (%) FIGURE 52 (CONTINUED) COMPANY PROFILES ADVANCED MAGNESIUM ALLOYS CORP AEROSPACE METAL COMPOSITES AKZO NOBEL N.V ALCOA INC ARVIN MERITOR, INC AZDEL, INC BASELL POLYOLEFINS COMPANY BASF AG BAYER MATERIAL SCIENCE AG CYTEC INDUSTRIES INC DOW CHEMICAL CO E. I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY DWA ALUMINUM COMPOSITES EXATEC GMBH & CO. KG FMW COMPOSITE SYSTEMS, INC FREIGHTCAR AMERICA

14 GE PLASTICS HEXCEL CORP HOLLAND COMPANY LANXESS AG MAGNESIUM ELEKTRON MARTIN MARIETTA COMPOSITES MESSIER-DOWTY METAL MATRIX CAST COMPOSITES LLC MX COMPOSITES AB NOBLE POLYMERS POLYONE CORP RAYMOR INDUSTRIES INC RENTON COIL SPRING CO RHODIA SA SIEMENS AG SOLVAY SA TECHNICAL POLYMERS TICONA M COMPANY TITANIUM METALS CORPORATION UBE INDUSTRIES, LTD U.S. STEEL CORP VARTECH, INC VERKHNAYA SALDA METALLURGICAL PRODUCTION ASSOCATION VICTREX PLC