ILF Consulting Engineers

Transcription

1 ILF Consulting Engineers Large Scale Photovoltaic/Diesel Hybrid Systems Frank Zimmermann, Dipl.-Ing. MBA Business Development Manager Renewable Energies South-East Asia, Project Manager Photovoltaics Solar Energy South East Asia 2014, Bangkok, 26 th November 2014

2 Agenda 1. Introduction 2. Market & Motivations: Why PV/Diesel hybrid systems? 3. Technical Challenges Photo diesel 4. Technical & Economical Optimization 5. Development Roadmap Next Steps Page 2

3 1. Introduction page 3

4 1. Introduction - The ILF Group A global consulting and engineering company Independent Austrian-German company, founded in 1967 Head offices in Innsbruck and Munich, more than 30 branch offices and subsidiaries worldwide Key figures: Over 4,500 successful projects / Permanent staff / Turnover 2012: 191 M offices projects Page 4

5 1. Introduction - The ILF Group Business areas Oil & Gas Water & Environment Production facilities for oil and gas Pipeline systems Tank farms and underground storage facilities Refineries and petrochemical plants Water supply Wastewater treatment and disposal Waste treatment and disposal Hydropower, dam and river engineering Energy & Climate Protection Transport & Infrastructure Thermal power plants Sea water desalination plants Renewable energy Climate protection Electric transmission and distribution systems Airports Roads Railway systems Tunnels and caverns Buildings and structures Alpine engineering Page 5

6 Main Focus in Renewable Energy Sector for SE Asia Energy & Climate Protection Thermal power plants Sea water desalination plants Renewable energy Climate protection Transmission and distribution systems Photovoltaics Hydropower Energy Efficiency Waste to Energy Page 6

7 Services CONSULTANCY Lenders Engineer Due Diligence Master plan Feasibility study Economic feasibility study Pre-feasibility assessment Feasibility studies Project appraisals Due diligences Yield assessments DESIGN AND PLANNING Preliminary planning Conceptual design Permit application design Construction design PROCUREMENT Tendering Quality surveying procedure As-built Award of contract documentation Material procurement RENEWABLE ENERGY SERVICES Project management Permit application design Planning & design 3D visualizations CONSTRUCTION SUPERVISION Construction cost tracking START-UP Personnel training Operation manual Maintenance manual EPC contracting Construction supervision Plant commissioning Acceptance tests Performance ratio verification Page 7

8 Selected References Photovoltaic Power Plant Dubai, UAE PV power 13 MW, 33 kv grid connection Status: built Design Basis Report for 1 GW PV/CSP Power Plant Photovoltaic Power Plant Pakistan PV power 100 MW Owners Engineer, status: currently under construction Photovoltaic Power Plant El Salvador PV power 17.8 MW, 46 kv grid connection Status: built Photo: First Solar Hybridization: PV-Diesel-Hybrid Power Plant Al Yassat Island, UAE Photovoltaics: 0,8 MW, 4 MW Diesel Generators Owners Engineer, status: built Photo: First Solar Page 8

9 Al Yassat Island / UAE (1) Client: Project: Dubai Electricity and Water Authority (DEWA) PV / Diesel hybrid system on a private island Time frame: Data: MV Grid: 11 kva PV power plant: 0.8 to 3 MW Wind power plant: 0.6 to 1.5 MW Battery storage: up to 8 MWh Page 9

10 Al Yassat Island / UAE (2) Consultancy Services: Technical and Financial Feasibility Study Optimized design of the PV / Diesel power plant to maximize the renewable energy fraction while ensuring grid stability and system robustness Conceptual Design Site investigations and survey, geotechnical study EPC tender design, tendering process, EPC contract award support Site supervision, Commissioning and Take Over Conceptional layout of 3 MW PV and 9 MWh battery bank on 11kV MV Page 10

11 Al Yassat Island / UAE (3) Time frame: Financially based decisions: PV capacity: 800 kw Diesel capacity: 3.2 MW Latest Status: Commissioning planned for Dec 2014 Page 11

12 2. Market & Motivations: Why PV/Diesel Hybrid Systems? page 12

13 2. Market & Motivations: why PV/Diesel hybrid systems? Diesel power generation market Facts: 30-35GW of new large scale Diesel generators (>0.5MW) are sold in the world every year! Segmentation Off-Grid / Mini-grid Size of the market Total GW/year Diesel / HFO - fired power generation Continuous power supply Mining industries, Islands, remote communities, Hotels etc. On-grid Grid connected generation (e.g. developing countries) % Business case for hybridization with Photovoltaic power plant Peaking Grid connected generation during a few hundred highload hours per year Stand-by / Back-up During outages of main grid (hospitals, server centers etc.) 1-3 % % Page 13

14 2. Market & Motivations: why PV/Diesel hybrid systems? Price evolution of the crude oil barrel since 2003 $US Facts: 1.Current price of barrel: $US since 2012, with increasing trend. Price x3 since 2003! 2.High fluctuation of prices => high uncertainty for midterm & long-term investments in Diesel power generation prixdubaril.com Page 14

15 2. Market & Motivations: why PV/Diesel hybrid systems? Photovoltaic: overview of the current state of the market PV Prices have dropped dramatically in the last 10 years: from ~10 to 1-1,5 M /MW Grid parity is reached and even over passed in many regions of the world The business model for PV plant is moving from a subsidize scheme (FiT mainly) to a direct competition with conventional energy sources (PPA, spot-market etc.) Quick comparison of the LCOE (over 25 years) typically observed : LCOE from Diesel power plant: /MWh Mainly depending on the price of the Diesel, on the size of the plant / generators, and on the project location (transport costs) Factor 2 to 6 LCOE for PV power plant : /MWh Mainly depending on size & location of the PV plant and the solar irradiation PV energy: no price fluctuations, no surprises over 25y Page 15

16 3. Technical Challenges page 16

17 3. Technical Challenges Main challenges Every project is unique! Different electrical load profiles (and future evolution) and type of loads Type of Diesel/HFO generators (size, rpm, etc.), type of genset controller etc. Local conditions: solar irradiation & its variability, remoteness, Diesel price, etc. Economic parameters impacting LCOE: project lifetime (mines!), discount rate, D/E ratio, etc. Additional PV variability => efficient and automated multi-genset control required Keep the generator operating close to optimum fuel consumption point Avoid too frequent start/stop of gensets Minimize operation hours of Diesel generators to increase lifetime Upgrade of the Monitoring & Control system (I&C) of diesel power plant is critical during the design phase. Page 17

18 3. Technical Challenges Grid stability considerations Reliable Energy Management System to ensure grid stability is key Sufficient Primary / Spinning reserve (from Diesel generators) required at any time VARIABILITY CONSTRAINT 3 : PV Cloud event reducing PV output power (worse case: up to 50-70% in <10sec) Failure of a PV inverter VARIABILITY CONSTRAINT 1 : LOAD In-rush power from a large scale motor (up to 3 times the nominal power of motor) Power supplied by Diesel engines VARIABILITY CONSTRAINT 2 : DIESEL Failure of a running Diesel Generator Power supplied by PV plant Page 18

19 4. Technical & Economical Optimization page 19

20 4. Technical & Economical Optimization Hourly simulation for an optimized and reliable sizing Hourly energetic simulation over a year (8760h) allows a precise estimation of the energy balance between PV and Diesel plants, of the fuel savings and of excess of PV energy Grid stability tests (worse case scenarios) allow assessing the instantaneous PV penetration ratio of the load (IPPR) that a given system can tolerate IPPR of 50-60% can be reached yearly PV fraction up to 30% Above 50-60%, curtailment of PV inverters output power to ensure grid stability Winter load profile Summer load profile Page 20

21 4. Technical & Economical Optimization Over-sizing of the PV power plant Over-sizing of the PV power plants allows reaching an economic optimum of the overall PV/Diesel hybrid system LCOE Hybrid Syst. [ /MWh] Base case (without PV) LCOE PV+Diesel -10% to -40% Yearly PV fraction / Excess of PV energy Page 21

22 5. Development Roadmap Next Steps page 22

23 5. Development Roadmap Next Steps Page 23

24 Thank you for your attention Contact Details: Frank Zimmermann Business Development Manager Renewable Energies South-East Asia Project Manager Photovoltaics ILF Consulting Engineers (Asia) Ltd. Dr Gerhard Link Building, 12 th floor 88 Krungthepkreetha Rd. Huamark, Bangkapi, Bangkok THAILAND Frank Zimmermann, Dipl.-Ing. MBA Business Development Manager Renewable Energies South-East Asia, Project Manager Photovoltaics Renewable Energy Forum, Hannover Messe,