Same Rules. New Consequences

Transcription

1 Same Rules New Consequences Dr Mike Brumm Brumm Swine Consultancy, Inc North Mankato, MN Blog: Tip of the Day 1

2 What s Normal? Grow Wean Item Nursery Finish Finish Closeouts 15,018 20,594 3,929 In Wt, lb Out wt, lb ADG F/G Mortality 2.70% 3.90% 5.50% MetaFarms closeouts How We Have Improved Grow Finish SGraphics 1987 PigCHAMP 1995 PigCHAMP 1999 PigCHAMP 2000 MetaFarms In wt Out Wt ADG F/G Mortality 3.0% 3.0% 3.1% 4.1% 3.9% 2

3 How We Have Improved Wean Finish SGraphics 1989 PigCHAMP 1990 PigCHAMP 1999 PigCHAMP 2000 MetaFarms In wt Out Wt ADG F/G Mortality 3.85% 3.68% 6.12% 5.5% What have you done to keep disease out? Establish CLEAN and DIRTY Points 3

4 Clean / Dirty Line DON T FORGET THE CHUTES! Slide Courtesy Swine Vet Center 4

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6 $80 IA SMN Barrow and Gilt Price, $/cwt $70 $60 $50 $40 $30 $20 $10 $ Little Mistakes Now Have BIG Consequences 6

7 +14 lb in 11 years Courtesy Bill Kaelin, McVean Trading and Investments, LLP Summer Heat IA-SMN Liveweight at Slaughter Lb June 1 Sept 1 Week 7

8 Economics of Summer Heat 8.7 lb/pig loss in Jun Aug sale wt vs January ( ) lb loss lb Jan vs Jul & Aug $96/cwt summer lean hogs = $71/cwt live 8.7 lb x $71/cwt = $6.52 lost income (5 yr avg) 11.2 lb x $71/cwt = $7.95 (2011) Economics of Summer Heat Pig space paid days in barn same Only added cost incremental feed/gain 3.9 f/g for last 8.7 lb gain x $200/t feed $3.39/pig savings in feed $6.52 income $3.39 feed = $3.13 (5 yr avg) $7.95 income $4.37 feed = $3.58 (2011) 8

9 Timeline for summer wt loss July sales placed in finishers this week! What are you going to do to keep them from having lower sale wts than pigs you re selling this week? Summer Sales Wt Loss Options Sell from EVERY pen at first sale Rent more space? 5 more days x $.12/d = $0.60 Net $2.53/pig More aggressive Paylean use? Higher energy diets in grower and/or finisher stage to maximize gain? Other nutritional strategies? Aggressive cooling strategies to keep pigs eating? 9

10 Group housed growing pigs Partial slats 140 lb 95 F skin temp up 80 F rectal temp up 78 F ADF declines 73 F Respiration increases and heat production declines Stirring Fans 10

11 Locating Fans for Distributing Air (Plan View) Spacing ~ 25 x fan diameter (ft) = circulating fan Standard pen size represented. Drawing not to precise scale Locating Supplemental Cooling Fans (Plan View: Fully Slatted Floors) Impacted area Impacted area Impacted area = cooling fan Throw ~ 10 x fan diameter (ft) Standard pen size represented. Drawing not to precise scale Prevailing summer winds Dr Rick Stowell, Extension Ag Engineer, University of Nebraska 11

12 Tilting Fans for Cooling Effect (View from Center Aisle toward Sidewall) Fans Used for Supplemental Cooling Space to utilize throw Tilt fans to expose pigs to moving air stream Dr Rick Stowell, Extension Ag Engineer, University of Nebraska When adding water for summer cooling, what droplet size is recommended? 1 Fine mist to cool the air above the pig? 2 Large drops to wet the pig? 12

13 Sprinkler vs Fogger 80 F set point Control (no cooling) Fogger (small droplets, always on) Sprinkler (1 on, 29 off) ADG, lb (I) ADG, lb (II) (I) 140 lb on test wt, 56 d trial (II) 150 lb on test wt, 42 d trial K State, 1983 Sprinklers Curtain Barns Cone nozzle Tunnel Barns Flat Fan nozzle Parallel to Air Flow 13

14 Cooling Grow Fin Pigs Wet pigs (60 63F set point late finishing) +18F curtain barns +20F tunnel barns Max 2 min ON time 60% coverage OFF till slats begin to dry? If OFF at night not till midnight What about using Koolcells in tunnel finishing? 240 lb pigs week before first sale Pad velocity 400 fpm means pad area is 2+x current tunnel curtain area Aerotech 6 pad 14

15 Dry Bulb Outside Conditions Wet Bulb Dew Point % RH Pad Exit Temp F Total Estimated CFM/Pig 85F Room 90F Room ,000 cfm 124 cfm/pig 40 wide = 464 fpm (5.3 mph) 50 wide = 370 fpm (4.2 mph) What have you done to keep your pigs comfortable all year? Inlets are a common ventilation problem Eave and Gable End Ceiling 15

16 Attic Inlet Problems Attic Inlet Problems 16

17 Attic Inlet Problems Attic Inlet for 400 grow fin pigs Look at your inlets daily 17

18 Look at your inlets daily Goal: 800 to 1000 fpm 18

19 Rule of Thumb Each 0.01 change in static pressure changes the throw from a ceiling inlet approx 2 ft The Forehead Rule Inlet 15 ft Correct Inlet Setting with 8 ft Ceiling 19

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21 New Construction A few sow units going up Full or partial filtered vs location More planned for 2013 construction Cargill converting Premium Standard in Texas to Breed Wean First pigs in November to Iowa Nurseries New Construction Revived interest $160+/space 45+ cfm/pig for summer heat 21

22 Finishers New Construction Farm Credit Omaha million spaces in 2012 = 400+ new barns Slats are getting tight for 2012 $250+/space Cargill needs spaces for pigs from 30,000 new sows in Texas Seaboard expanding finishing in Kansas Wean Finish and Grow Finish Norm is still 7.2 sqft/pig Majority 50 wide rooms Some 70 wide Curtain sided cfm/pig Tunnel Warm wall lower propane Higher electricity use 22

23 New Barns Post construction inspection will it lower insurance rate? What about pen size? 23

24 What about pen size? Fewer but longer fights in large pens Pig loading is easier from large pens Presorting within pen Feed Withdrawal hr pre slaughter 5 lb/pig x $0.12/lb = $0.60/pig Slight decrease Late nursery and early grower ADG (0.001 lb/d/pig nursery and grower) ADF (0.001 lb/d/pig late nursery) No difference ADG or F/G after 80 lb Variation in Gain What about pen size? People issue Spotting and treating individual pigs 24

25 Expressing space as a function of Bodyweight Allometric equation for floor space allowance Area = k * BW 2/3 k = Area / BW 2/3 Courtesy Dr. Harold Gonyou, Prairie Swine Centre Gonyou et al, 2006 ADG Response to 'k' full slats constant group size - metric 104% 100% ADG % of Control 96% 92% 88% % 'k' 25

26 Gonyou et al Gonyou et al

27 Critical Space (full slats) at k = kg m 2 /pig lb ft 2 /pig kg, 0.58 m 2 k = lb, 6.3 ft 2 k =

28 123 kg, 0.74 m 2 k = lb, 8.0 ft 2 k = kg 0.76 m 2 /pig 225 lb 8.2 ft 2 /pig k = k =

29 Impact of Space on ADG Full slats Wt, lb Adequate 5% ADG reduction k = For each 3% change in space, daily gain and daily feed intake change 1.0% for full slats. There is no predictable impact of space allocation on feed/gain. 29

30 "There is no use denying the traditional change resistant farmer is still with us. He is that strangely inconsistent individual who likes the front of the bus, the back of the church and the middle of the road." H. Gordon Green ( ) Same Rules New Consequences Dr Mike Brumm Brumm Swine Consultancy, Inc North Mankato, MN Blog: 30