Energy in Agricultural Systems

Transcription

1 Energy in Agricultural Systems MODULE 3: ENERGY CONSERVATION AND EFFICIENCY IN LIVESTOCK OPERATIONS Funding provided by The Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund as recommended by the Legislative-Citizen Commission on Minnesota Resources (LCCMR)

2 Energy Conservation and Efficiency in Livestock Systems 1. Dairy Operations 2. Swine Operations 3. On Farm Energy Saving Tips Encyclopediaofalabama.org Vet.osu.edu

3 Energy Conservation and Efficiency in Dairies Dairies can be very energy-intensive Where is there potential to increase efficiency? Milk cooling/harvesting Ventilation Lighting

4 Electricity Use in Dairies Electrical consumption by category NATC

5 Milk Cooling Compressors Reciprocating Scroll Plate cooler Well water cools milk Milk warms well water

6 Variable Speed Drives (VFDs) Vacuum pumps have the potential to consume up to 25% of the electrical energy on a dairy farm A motor without a VFD runs at full time whenever it is on Consumes excessive electricity VFDs Adjusts motor speed to match demand VFDs slow down milk flow rate

7 Ventilation Tunnel ventilated barns use more energy Important to keep fans clean and maintained Slipping belts, corroded or dirty louvers and plugged fresh air inlets can reduce airflow by 40-80%! Fans are working harder Work smarter, NOT harder! Natural ventilation Stirring fans Sidewall and endwall curtains High volume low speed fans (HVLS) Can be up to 24 feet in diameter Use small 1-2 horsepower motors Costs a fraction of the price to operate Janni,

8 Energy Conservation and Efficiency in Swine Swine operations can be very energy-intensive Where is there potential to increase efficiency? Heating for piglets Ventilation Lighting Researchgate.net

9 Breed-to-Wean Barns Breed-to-Wean Barns Heat lamps Change to lower wattage heat lamps Use heating pads instead of heat lamps Ventilation Ensure there is no over-ventilating Choose correct fan size for operation Keep fans well maintained Slipping belts, corroded or dirty louvers and plugged fresh air inlets can reduce airflow by 40-80%! Work smarter, not harder

10 Nursery and Finishing Barns Nursery and Finishing Barns Ventilation Ensure there is no over-ventilating Choose correct fan size for operation Keep fans well maintained

11 Power ventilated vs curtain sided finishing barns F4 is a power ventilated barn, F5 is a curtain sided barn F4 uses 15.4 kwh to produce 1 pig ($1.54) F5 uses 3.1 kwh to produce 1 pig ($0.31) That s a big difference! Curtain sided barns rely on natural ventilation

12 Lighting in Dairy and Swine Lighting Install LEDs Use natural day lighting LEDs Can save 85% energy over incandescent Lasts 25 longer than incandescent Proper lighting is important for dairy and swine For animal and worker comfort

13 Lighting in Dairy and Swine Your turn! $0.10 per kwh Breed-to-wean barn uses 42,000 kwh on lighting per year (incandescent) Dairy milking parlor uses 102,000 kwh on lighting per year (incandescent) If switching to LEDs reduces the consumption of electricity by lights by 60%, how much money will both facilities save on an annual basis? Progressivedairy.com

14 What is this electric load??? November 2014 Dairy Electricity Usage

15 Reduce your demand charge Customers are charged for total usage (in kwh) AND for the maximum amount of electricity used at any given time.

16 The Energy Pyramid Energy conservation- offers the greatest energy savings with the lowest investment Energy efficiency- can provide substantial payback over time Renewable energy- installations enable free energy once payback occurs Handout and worksheet

17 Handout and Worksheet