JRC. From PV Systems to Energy Solutions. From PV Systems. «From PV Systems to Energy Solutions» Preliminary Remark:

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1 8th uropean hotovoltaic Solar nergy Conference and xhibition U VSC 0: Session 5D. V Systems Thursday, October 0 aris/france JRC reliminary Remark: From V Systems to nergy Solutions From V Systems to nergy Solutions Thomas Nordmann CO TNC Consulting A 8706 Feldmeilen/Switzerland nordmann@tnc.ch This is not a bouquet of astonishing IV buildings which are implemented with 0.5% V market share! This presentation is not a report of recent TNC projects. Here are some considerations reflecting 9 years of experience in solar power (V and thermal), housing technology and building efficiency. I make here my own proposal for possible steps of the V community and the industry to help improve the existing building stock in urope. «From V Systems to nergy Solutions» What makes hotovoltaic in buildings so important? Why should we start with the existing building stock? ) Agenda What makes hotovoltaic in buildings so important? Why do we need a joint uropean plan to allow high V penetration in the power grid? How do we develop from lower cost V [ /kwh] market to a nergy Solution rovider? Why power to heat, power to storage and power to wheel? Seven Conclusions m U uildings 5% of power, 6% CO emission! uildings allows longterm investments 5+ years. Credible owners have access to low interest capital. Domestic buildings pay high electricity rates. The thermal and electrical improvement of uropean domestic building-stock is 00bn long-lasting decentralized market. V modules are an important, but small part of the total investment. A important challenge: how can the owner (legally) share the cost with the renting party? 4

2 How do we develop from cost driven V market [ /kwh] to a nergy Solution rovider? lectrical efficiency in buildings lectrical & Thermal fficiency clever V CFL 00 LD 0 00 W LD 0.5 W CFL 8 W 08) lectro obility Smart rid connection m Thermal efficiency in existing buildings lectrical & Thermal fficiency assive house, inergie + < 50 kwhl/m RA < 5 l/m RA [fuel oil] RA = nergy Reference Area [m ] First really Zero-nergy Office-uilding Switzerland INRI --CO-certified - healthy work wood construction roof-integrated V nergy lobe Award Switzerland 008 uropean Award for building-integrated solar energy technology 008 Architecture 7 8

3 lectrical & Thermal fficiency Clever V Appliance AAA+ < 50 kwh/m RA 0 kwp > kwh annual <0% electrical demand assive house, inergie+ 0 kwp of IV in the College of Zürich Stadelhofen, Swiss Solar rice Clever V 00% of annual electrical demand Clever V > 00% Annual electrical demand incl. -W module noon north roof-module fill factor = 0 50 % yield = 00% south east west V ark School Campus rlenbach, Switzerland 9 kwp 009 roof-module fill factor = 00 % yield = 90%

4 Clever V > 00% annual electrical demand plus O-W module lay out Clever V s 0 Reto iloni < annual 50% electrical demand s annual 00% electrical demand west east W > 00% annual electrical demand incl. -W module lay out 4 Smart rid Connected Smart rid Connected Inverter with grid services Hot Water TV, Audio & C Hot Water Refrigerator Laundry, Dryer, Dishwasher Cooking Lighting Others 5 % 7 % ower to heat time shift of + h h ~ 45 % 50. Hz! Inverter with grid services are already mandatory in some member states with high V penetration (i.e. ermany, Italy). 65ºC Refrigeator Laundry % 5% - 8ºC 7% 5 6

5 Smart rid Connected Smart grid connected Local battery storage > 5% daily demand shift for 4h Inverter with grid services 7. kwh 5 kwp ower to heat Time shift ± h -h Yield kwh 7. kwh attery >5% /day Local battery storage 7 8 electric-drive lectro-obiles you can buy today Renault Fluence Z.. Tesla S 5 kwh/00km.7 litre gasoline/00 km people range 45 km/charge ower 55 kw/75 S Weight 995 kg attery 7.6 kwh Li-Ion Rent /month 7.- Secured battery capacity up to 0 years rice: kwh/00km.6 litre gasoline/00 km 5 people range 85 km/charge ower 70 kw/95 S Weight `60 kg kwh battery Li-n, O Rent /month 78.- Secured battery capacity up to 0 years rice: Where do you charge your lectro-obile? 5 kwh/00 km 000 kwh/0 000 km Charging η > 80% You need a V installation with - 4 kwp Cost now you have a full tank for next 5 years! 4-5 kw kwh/jahr Tesla S 5 kwh/00 km.7 litre gasoline/00 km 5 people range 75 km/charge ower 5 kw/0 S Weight 00 kg Li-Ion battery 60 kwh 8 years and/or km warranty rice: i-port infinite power 4 iloni Solar A 9 0

6 i-port infinite power IV Smart grid connected ower demand ø two pers. household (D) ~ 500 kwh TV, Audio & C Refrigerator Hot Water Laundry, Dryer, Dishwasher Cooking Lighting Others lectro moblity uy your electromobile today! Today Refrigerator Hot Water Laundry Dryer Dishwasher Charge your car battery storage (5-60 kwh) Double your V Installation Double your V self consumtione (V) self-consumption makes good tecnicahl and economic sense. fficiency impact + electro mobility 0 '000 '000 '000 4'000 5'000 6'000 Refrigerator Hot Water Laundry Dryer Dishwasher Appliance AAA+ -0% -90% - approx. 5 % km/a corresponds approx. to 000 kwh/a ø Two pers. household (D) ~ 500 kwh TV, Audio & C Refrigerator Hot Water Laundry, Dryer, Dishwasher Cooking Lighting Others rid applicable lectro moblity rid applicable mobility V roduction IV V self-consumption makes good technical & economical sense Renewable roduction Consumption/Demand roduction V 4 kwp V 4 kwp Today Consumer lectro obil Residential buildings fficiency + el. mobility -6'000-5'000-4'000 -'000 -'000 -'000 0 '000 '000 '000 4'000 5'000 6'000 V 8 kwp V 4 kwp km/a 000 kwh/a ower to heat, power to storage and power to wheel. Thermal storage rid claimable «power to heat» 45% time equality 0% h -5% attery storage 7. kwh attery «power to storage» 0% rid claimable attery storage 8 kwh attery «power to wheel» 4

7 Ø Two pers. household (ermany) ~ 500 kwh TV, Audio & C Refrigerator Hot Water Laundry, Dryer, Dishwasher Cooking Lighting Others rid applicable lectro moblity rid applicable mobility V roduction lectrical &Thermal fficiency Renewable roduction Consumption/Demand clever V Today 00% rid feed rid claimable Appliance AAA+ -0% % < 50 kwhl/m RA assive house, inergie + Annual 50% electrical demand Annual 00% electrical demand > 00% Annual electrical demand + -W module lay out fficiency + el. mobility -6'000-5'000-4'000 -'000 -'000 -'000 0 '000 '000 '000 4'000 5'000 6'000 V 4 kwp V 8 kwp 45% rid claimable 55% km/a 000 kwh/a lectric mobility uy your lectromobile today Charge your lectromobile with V Double your V self consumption Smart rid connected «power to heat» «power to storage» Inverter with smart grid services «power to heat» time shift h -h > 5 % /day battery storage 5 6 Conclusions I Conclusions II onday We need V when retrofitting the U building stock. V offers attractive solutions and processes to improve energy solutions for buildings and allows almost CO free individual mobility. Tuesday Successful energy solutions have to address the thermal and the electrical efficiency. Thursday With market share of 5% 0% of V, the challenge is to provide smart grid connections of sustainable V houses. V self-consumption makes good technical and good economical sense and can be enhanced by power to heat and storage. Inverters are able to provide further grid services. Wednesday For clever V in buildings we aim to distribute V uniformly over 6 hours by orienting modules east and west with marginal losses in yield. Thanks to the economical progress and self consumption we can use V systems, which produce 00% and more of the annual electrical demand. Friday uy your electromobiles today and charge it with V km/a means additional 4-5 kwp of V with high self consumption. rid claimable services are in the same range as conventional buildings. 7 8

8 Conclusions III Saturday The main challenge: we need a joint uropean plan to allow high V penetration in the power grid. The presented index may help develop such a common plan. Sunday hotovoltaic is part of the solution, and not a problem! To keep V attractive, we have to start developing todays V systems into integrated parts of the energy solution. Sustainable energy buildings with mobility can be a part of this solution. DF any thank`s to the TNC V Team Thomas Vontobel Ralph Lingel Stephanie Fehling Q & A TNC