Operational experience of Chariot Ultra Capacitor e-buses. Copyright 2018 by Chariot Motors

Transcription

1 Operational experience of Chariot Ultra Capacitor e-buses Copyright 2018 by Chariot Motors 1

2 Desire for zero emissions urban transport vehicles The electric buses are going to become the most preferred rolling stock to be procured by the public operators in Europe within the next couple of years All across Europe the capitals and big cities are introducing policies for promotion and purchase of electric buses. Several European countries already announced that they will completely ban the diesel buses on national level and only and electric buses are going to be purchased. From the perspective of Total Cost of Ownership the electric buses are the most economical vehicles for public transportation. 2

3 About the company Chariot Motors together with Aowei Technology have developed the first ever ultracapacitors electric bus (Chariot e-bus) to be used for commercial operation in Europe. Chariot e-bus is purely ultracapacitor (UC) based city e-bus that deploys the latest electric drive and world s most advanced ultracapacitor technology by Aowei. Chariot e-bus is a silent, low-cost vehicle with zero-emissions, which complies with the European homologation certifications, the strict market requirements in EU, including the ECE R100 standard for energy storage devices. 3

4 Chariot Motors supply chain 4

5 Chariot electric buses on the map 5 UC Chariot e-buses in operation by GSP Belgrade since 1 st Sep UC Chariot e-buses in operation by DAN, Tel Aviv as per the end of 2017 with another 100 UC buses agreed to be delivered in 2018 & UC Chariot e-buses in operation by Holding Graz Linien, Austria since April UC e-bus in operation in Italy since March UC e-buses contract financed by EBRD. Start of operation in 2019 Sofia Public Electrical Transport Company 5

6 Results from the UC e-buses operation in the quoted cities Graz, Austria There are 2 ultracapacitors e-buses in pilot operation since April 2017 The UC e-buses performance has been evaluated with a grade 1.7 (1 is best, 5 is worst) 91% acceptance by the passengers Belgrade, Serbia 5 ultracapacitors e-buses are in commercial operation since Sep 2016: operational schedule from 5:30 o clock until 23:00 o clock, 7days per week; operation in the temperature range from -14 C in winter up to 40 C during the summer; availability of the ultracapacitor electric bus line over one calendar year of 97.5%. Tel Aviv, Israel 26 ultracapacitors e-buses are in commercial operation since Sep The e-buses have proven robust operation in the Israeli high-tech environment. another 100 UC e-buses are singed in Oct 2017 and will be delivered in 2018 & Sofia, Bulgaria UC e-buses contract financed by EBRD. Start of operation of the first 15 UC ebuses is planned for

7 Supercapacitor electric bus general view Supercapacitor location 7

8 General UC e-bus components Wheel hub electric motors Central electric motor DC electric heating 18 m UC e-bus 8

9 Examples of electric buses operated by trolleybus operators UC Chariot e-bus, Sofia example, 2014 Operated and maintained by the Sofia trolleybus company; line 11 (trolleybus line); line length of 11.2 km, crossing; DC/DC charging stations at terminals only, using trolleybus power supply; Siemens electric motors, 2 x 67 kw 9

10 Charging station + pantograph Charging station, 660V DC to 585V DC Charging poles Ultracapacitor Pantograph during charging 10

11 Key Chariot UC е-bus features capable of travelling about 25 km 30 km on a single charge performed for 2-5 minutes at the terminal, based on the 40 kwh UC, 470 A charging current; charging at terminal(s) only and not on passengers stops; economical means of transportation with proved average consumption of about 1.1 kwh/km including AC; low maintenance cost due to the lack of expensive-tomaintain combustion engine vehicles systems; does not require overhead power line, thus avoiding infrastructure and maintenance costs; not influenced by outside temperatures and capable of operating with ease in various weather conditions; passengers load of a regular trolleybus / diesel bus. 11

12 Technological and operational advantages of ultracapacitors compared to the batteries Aowei s ultracapacitors accumulated more than 11 years / 12 million km of experience and used in electric buses since 2006 being the most matured energy technology used in for electric buses; average energy recuperation rate of the ultracapacitor is 32.2%, reaching up to 39%; ultracapacitor is mounted in a safety container preventing risks in case of accident; Operational temperatures form -30 C to +60 C; The UC contains no harmful or toxic substances leading to no pollution of hazardous disposal at no extra disposal cost; no energy storage replacement-related costs; Charging factor is 10C less powerful charging infrastructure compared to batteries; 12

13 Comparison between UC and fast charging batteries Ultracapacitor Performance Excellent in broader temperature range. About 20% better performing than fast recharge battery. Safety Excellent with explosive proof tank. Recuperation As per Belicon institute study the average recuperation is 32.2% reaching up to 39%. Charging time Charging factor About 3 minutes as UC could afford 10C Fast charging batteries More sensitive operation in broader temperature range Good, but there is the possibility of fire. lower recuperation levels, thus higher electricity consumption About 5 minutes LTO battery could afford 4C charging, LpCO could afford 3C charging Lifetime Warranty Manufacturing warranty of 8 years that could be extended to 10 years Replacement after 5-7 years of operation. Manufacturing warranty is 5 years. Disposal No toxic /hazardous substances More demanding disposal costs 13

14 Results from an independent validation by BELICON Chariot e-bus performance 14

15 Charging Stations 150 kw DC/DC 340 kw AC/DC 15

16 One charging station different type of electric buses Charging Charging 16

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20 Remote monitoring and diagnostic system for e-bus and charging stations Commands to the bus Central Report Unit GPRS Wi Fi / GPRS Chariot e-bus is equipped with remote monitoring and diagnostic system that monitors: energy consumption of all systems (electric, air conditioning, on-board electronics, etc.), and recuperation values; state and errors of all systems (brakes, doors, suspension, GPS, etc.); passenger load, speed, acceleration, location, driver behavior. IT / Data Alarm announcement Performance Workshop Control Center 20

21 Remote monitoring and diagnostic system for e-bus and charging stations 21

22 The Belgrade s Project 22

23 UC e-buses operational characteristic 1 EKO line 5 E-buses in the operation Total length of route [km] driving time [min] charging time[min] time of turnround [min] interval [min] Operational daily shift [hours] offered capacity (places/ hour) Outside operational temperature 16, C to 35C 23

24 SAMPLE Consumption electricity per km on 2 nd Sep 2016 (30 C o ), AC-on Distribution of consumption electricity per kilometer Direction ''A'' Vukov spomenik- Belvil kwh/km 7 1 Terminal SOC % Terminal SOC % kwh/km Belvil 97 Vuk Vuk 97 Belvil Belvil 99 Vuk Vuk 97 Belvil Belvil 99 Vuk Vuk 95 Belvil Belvil 97 Vuk Vuk 97 Belvil Belvil 99 Vuk Vuk 99 Belvil Belvil 100 Vuk Vuk 97 Belvil Belvil 100 Vuk Vuk 98 Belvil Belvil 95 Vuk Vuk 97 Belvil Belvil 99 Vuk Vuk 85 Belvil Belvil 100 Vuk Average

25 Profitability of invested assets after 6 years of operation Type of Bus Chariot E-bus Diesel bus Annual mileage (km) 80,000 Consumption of electric power (kwh/100 km) Price of electric power ( Euro/kWh) Consumption of diesel fuel (l / 100 km) - 44 Price of diesel fuel (Euro/l) Total cost of energy (Euro) 5,

26 Total cost of ownership of Chariot e-bus. Benchmark on the purchase of eight vehicles. Total cost of ownership over 12 years operation of Chariot e-bus compared to other alternatives such diesel buses, CNG buses and trolleybus. (trolleybuses require grid infrastructure) (trolleybuses do not require grid infrastructure) 26

27 Effects: Zero emissions by e-buses at the micro location Lower level emitted noise of db High energy efficiency, 80% lower, compared to diesel-powered buses. Unsurpassed availability of the UC e-bus fleet of 99,2%; Regular operation at -14 C degrees during the winter time Daily operation of the buses in Belgrade is from 5:00 am till 24:00 o clock. Excellently accepted by the passengers City government is about to take a decision to turn the city center into zero emission zone through electric public transportation, decommissioning trolleybuses network and diesel buses with a main focus on the electric buses. Based on the success of operation of the electric bus project the City government is considering to opt on further implementation of electric buses. 27

28 The Graz Project (Austria) Chariot e-bus was selected for 1 year trial due to the UC compliance with 2 minutes charging time criteria; Delivery of 2 UC Chariot e-buses, 32kWh; Start of operation in mid April 2017; 340 kw charging stations; 3-door city bus; Charging time for covering the line is 3 min ZF wheel hubs electromotors Line 50 in Graz 28

29 Satisfaction of the drivers 1 = excellent; 2 = very good, Average is ,5 General bus assessme nt Doors Air conditioni ng / ventilation Handling Driver s seat Fan noise 29

30 Survey of passengers, (excerpt) Is it a personal contribution to the environmental improvement when using an electric bus? Question 6: For you personally, do you think that you are helping to improve the environment if you drive an electric bus? Total male female The absolute majority believes that it helps to improve the environment when traveling with an electric bus! Line 50 Yes No 30

31 Survey of passengers (excerpt) Are electric buses a future alternative for public transport? Question 7: Do you think that electric buses are the future alternative to fuel-powered buses in public transport? Basis: 500, closed questionings Total male female The younger, the more you believe in electric buses as an alternative Line 50 The electric buses seem to be the future for passengers 31

32 Delivery of 5 UC Chariot e-buses; Start of operation on 15th Sep 2016; Tel Aviv Project (Israel) UC e-buses are very well accepted by the operator, the passengers and the city government. The line has a total length of 15 kilometers and a total of 32 bus-stops. The line operates 14 hours per day; Robustness of operation in the other temperature range in warm weather conditions typical for the middle east region. 32

33 Tel Aviv Project (Israel) The first year of operation of the 5 UC Chariot e-buses was considered as a big success by Tel Aviv municipality; As a result another 21 UC e-buses were manufactured in 2017 and were put into operation in Tel Aviv in October Government confirmed that will further support the implementation of the ultracapacitor electric buses through purchase of another 100 UCs ebuses in

34 La Spezia (Italy) One UC e-bus will be operated by the bus & trolleybus operator ATC in La Spezia Start of operation on March 2018; 1 fast charging station of 340 kw 16 km bus line First electric bus in La Spezia; Period Average speed (Line 3) with auxiliaries Average energy consumption verified by Politecnico Milan Spring 11,3 Km/h 1,10 kwh/km Summer 11,5 Km/h 1,45 kwh/km Autumn 11,0 Km/h 1,15 kwh/km Winter (simulation) (10,6 Km/h) (1, 61 kwh/km) 34

35 Thank you! 35