Meeting SOx regulations. Alexander Grødeland, MSc Maritim Trainee Solvang ASA

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1 Meeting SOx regulations Alexander Grødeland, MSc Maritim Trainee Solvang ASA

2 AGENDA GENERAL TECHNOLOGY COST EFFICIENCY OPERATIONAL EXPERIENCES CONCLUSION QUESTIONS WELCOME THROUGHOUT THE PRESENTATION 3. februar

3 GENERAL - ABOUT SOLVANG Stock listed fully integrated shipowner engaged in worldwide transportation of LPG, NH3 and petrochemical gases 17 ships 11 fully ref (-50 C) and 6 ethylene/semi ref (-104 C) 10 new-buildings delivered in 2007 & ECO VLGC newbuilds in ECO new-building projects, LGC at HHI with delivery March, May and July februar

4 GENERAL - FLEET SETUP TYPE SEMI REF LGC FULLY-REF VLGC TOTAL LOA CBM NO NB AVG AGE , ,1 3. februar

5 GENERAL - WORLDWIDE OPERATION ( ) 3. februar

6 GENERAL CHOICES AHEAD SHIPOWNERS GENERALLY DON T WANT TO BE FIRST 3. februar

7 GENERAL SOLVANG CHOOSING EGCS Given a total evaluation including Technology: Equipment, performance and meeting criteria Economics: Investment cost and operation savings/cost Operation: Daily operation, flexibility and safety Solution in 1-2-3: At the moment HFO together with exhaust gas cleaning is the best solution for us. Heavy fuel oil is available all over the world, it is a safe and technically excellent fuel for deep sea shipping, it also gives maximum fuel capacity and operational flexibility. 3. februar

8 GENERAL EGCS, SIMPLE PRINCIPLE 3. februar

9 GENERAL EGCS, SOLVANG PAVING THE WAY 1) Skepticism 2) Obtaining documents and certifications this was a hard way to pave 3) Learning by doing 4) Getting results 5) Interest 3. februar

10 GENERAL EGCS, PERFORMANCE Easy conclution: The system is performing excellent 98,8% uptime The crew is reporting that operation is going well VESSEL EGCS RUN [h] ME AE DT [h] UP [%] CLIPPER POSH ,4 % CLIPPER QUITO ,8 % TOTAL ,8 % Generally, SO2/CO2 approx 1 3. februar

11 TECHNOLOGY EGCS, OPEN LOOP 3. februar

12 TECHNOLOGY IN: HFO 3. februar

13 TECHNOLOGY OUT: FUNNEL STANDARD FUNNEL SCRUBBER FUNNEL 3. februar

14 TECHNOLOGY OUT: SO2/CO2 RATIO 3. februar

15 TECHNOLOGY OUT: OVERBOARD Scrubber Water outlet Measuring probe 3. februar

16 TECHNOLOGY EGCS SAMPLES Three samples to be taken in the two first years on 1) inlet water 2) After scrubber, before cleaning 3) Discharge water (before RV) Not required to submit results ELEMENT SAMPLE QUITO ECOSPEED SEA PASSAGE HARBOUR MODE IN MID OUT IN MID OUT IN MID OUT Turbiditet FNU 1,66 1,42 0,94 0,8 1,6 1,11 11,5 8,85 10,8 ph 8,27 3,11 3,3 8,12 3,1 2,94 7,72 2,96 3,07 As (Arsen) µg/l <30 <20 <30 <30 <30 <30 15,6 <10 <10 Cd (Kadmium) µg/l 0,156 0,0544 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 0,131 0,114 0,105 Co (Kobolt) µg/l <0.2 0,358 0,314 <0.2 0,472 0,397 0,579 0,945 1,02 Cr (Krom) µg/l <0.9 0,926 <0.9 <0.9 2,4 1,23 1,01 6,32 2,52 Cu (Kopper) µg/l ,8 3,61 9,36 6,43 29, ,84 Mo (Molybden) µg/l 11,8 12,2 13,1 11,6 13,5 12,9 39,8 39,8 40,5 Ni (Nikkel) µg/l 1,29 19,3 24,9 <0.6 31,5 34,2 3, ,4 Pb (Bly) µg/l 11,3 0,76 <0.5 2,34 <0.5 2,33 3,74 2,4 1,1 V (Vanadium) µg/l 1,89 68,5 76,6 1,52 99, , Zn (Sink) µg/l ,1 11, ,1 30,8 42,2 39,3 18,3 3. februar

17 TECHNOLOGY EGCS SAMPLES cont. ELEMENT SAMPLE QUITO ECOSPEED SEA PASSAGE HARBOUR MODE IN MID OUT IN MID OUT IN MID OUT Fraksjon >C10-C12 µg/l <10.0 <10.0 <10.0 <10.0 <10.0 <10.0 <10.0 <10.0 <10.0 Fraksjon >C12-C16 µg/l <10.0 <10.0 <10.0 <10.0 <10.0 <10.0 < ,3 15,5 Fraksjon >C16-C35 µg/l <60 <60 <60 <60 <60 <60 < Fraksjon >C35-C40 µg/l <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 <20 55 Fraksjon >C10-C40 µg/l <100 <100 <100 <100 <100 <100 < Naftalen µg/l < ,24 1,21 < ,943 0,997 < ,43 1,52 Acenaftylen µg/l <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 < ,011 Acenaften µg/l < ,02 0,02 < ,013 0,023 < ,02 0,029 Fluoren µg/l < ,031 0,034 0,015 0,046 0,069 < ,04 0,05 Fenantren µg/l <0.020 <0.020 <0.020 <0.020 <0.020 <0.020 < ,022 0,029 Antracen µg/l <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 Fluoranten µg/l <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 Pyren µg/l <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 Benso(a)antracen^ µg/l < ,019 0,02 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 < ,013 Krysen^ µg/l < ,026 0,02 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 Benso(b)fluoranten^ µg/l <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 Benso(k)fluoranten^ µg/l <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 Benso(a)pyren^ µg/l <0.010 < ,012 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 Dibenso(ah)antracen^ µg/l <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 Benso(ghi)perylen µg/l <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 Indeno(123cd)pyren^ µg/l <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 Sum PAH-16 µg/l n.d. 1,3 1,3 0, ,1 n.d. 1,5 1,7 Sum PAH carcinogene^ µg/l n.d. 0,045 0,052 n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. 0,013 Nitrat (NO3) mg/l <1.33 <1.33 <1.33 <1.33 <1.33 <1.33 5,94 6,99 6,99 Nitritt (NO2) mg/l < < < < < < ,583 < < februar

18 ECONOMY OPEX Oil price fluctuations shows that market prices for fuels is hard to predict. LNG vs HFO predictions in 2013 and now? HFO/MDO price difference relatively stable 3. februar

19 ECONOMY OPEX In > operation time in SECA. Clipper Harald 100%. After 2020-> Fuel consumption +1-2% when using scrubber (depending on mode) Surviving downturns and getting contracts ME consumption 50 MT/day AE consumption 5 MT/day ΔUSD (HFO-MGO) SAVINGS USD/DAY februar

20 OPERATIONAL GENERAL General: Crew reports that operation is going well. Working principle is very similar to and inert gas plant, which is known equipment. Operational challenges: Sea water pumps & suction pressure SOx + ph sensors Regulations & US EPA VGP requirement PH > 6 (3 NM) Waste handling Clogged sea water filters (Houston) Improving the system 3. februar

21 OPERATIONAL SEA WATER PUMPS Sea water pumps have been main reason for downtime Working on ECO-mode 3. februar

22 OPERATIONAL SOx + ph sensors Need approved redundancy for gas analyzer Class needs to issue statement/iapp attachment 3. februar

23 OPERATIONAL REGULATIONS & US VGP Clipper Quito/Posh IMO regulations US-EPA-VGP 4 meter from ship side 4 meter from ship side ph 7,4 >6,5 Overboard PH>6 over board (3 NM) PAH (Delta) 1, Turbidity (Delta) ~ Nitrates ~ ph Full speed discharge water~ 3,0 ph Coca Cola ~ 2,6 ph Orange juice ~ 3,0 ph Tomato juice ~ 4,0 ph Coffee ~5 3. februar

24 OPERATIONAL REGULATIONS & US VGP Discharge water ph >6 main challenge Reaction water line installed. Results look good. ME CONS AUX ME SW SW EGCS SV ph 2,37% S #1 #3 #1 #2 SW OB [MCR] [RPM] [l/h] [kw] [kw] [RPM] [RPM] [RPM] [%] [PH] [PH] 68 % X100% 20 % 8,2 4,0 68 % %/1,70 2X100% 20 % 8,2 6,0 68 % %/1,70 2X100% 20 % 8,2 5,8 68 % %/1,76 50%/1,26 2X100% 20 % 8,2 5,9 68 % %/2,36 75%/2,34 2X100% 20 % 8,2 6,0 68 % %/3,08 100%/3,06 2X100% 20 % 8,2 6,1 68 % %/3,08 100%/3,06 2X100% 20 % 8,2 6,3 68 % %/1,70 2X100% 20 % 8,2 6,1 3. februar

25 OPERATIONAL WASTE HANDLING C/E Clipper Quito devised own filtering system for sludge tank > No need to exchange sludge tank. Each filter good for hours (day) 4-5 working days kg soot per bag when fulll. 3. februar

26 OPERATIONAL CLOGGED FILTERS Extreme quantities of fish in sea chest and even EGCS nozzles after calling Houston. 3. februar

27 OPERATIONAL IMPROVING SYSTEM Working closely with Maker to sort out problems. Main challenges related to: SW pumps, software/automation, database, operation by crew and more. Step-by-step improvement Solvang has gathered operational expertise and vast amounts of data 3. februar

28 CONCLUSION OVERVIEW Fuel savings due to green design; apr 5,5 ton/day (3300 usd/day) EGCS savings/day (steaming) in SECA from 2015 (HFO/MGO) ME consumption 50 MT/day AE consumption 5 MT/day ΔUSD (HFO-MGO) SAVINGS USD/DAY Mid 2015 totally 6 vessels with EGCS 3. februar

29 CONCLUSION FIRST ECO LPG CARRIER Awarded as the first ECO LPG carrier by The Royal Institute of Naval Architects 3. februar

30 Thanks for your attention! 3. februar

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