OPERATING EXPERIENCES FROM COMBUSTION OF WITH THE FOCUS ON CHALLENGING BIOMASS

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Gertrude Willis
5 years ago
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1 AE&E GROUP OPERATING EXPERIENCES FROM COMBUSTION OF BIOMASS AT ELEVATED STEAM TEMPERATURES WITH THE FOCUS ON CHALLENGING BIOMASS FUELS Expert meeting on Combustion of Challenging Biomass Fuels Markus Bolhàr-Nordenkampf AE&E-Group GmbH

2 OVERVIEW THE ECOFLUID COMBUSTION TECHNOLOGY BIOMASS FIRED POWER PLANT UMEÅ/ SWEDEN OPERATING EXPERIENCES Page 2

3 OVERVIEW THE ECOFLUID COMBUSTION TECHNOLOGY Page 3

4 Bubbling Fluidised Bed Boiler - ECOFLUID Main Features High fuel flexibility Fulfilment of EC/2001/76 (850 C for 2 sec) Minimisation of emissions (NOx, CO) Substoichiometric combustion Integrated boiler design with open nozzle grid Capacity Steam capacity t/h Fuels Biomass, sludge, rejects, poultry litter and manure, residues from bio ethanol- and biodiesel-production Page 4

5 ECOFLUID combustion technology C 6% Vol O 2dry 4,5% Vol O 2dry COMBUSTION C AIR COMBUSTION 1100 C AIR λ=0,15-0,3 GASIFICATION C AIR FLUE GAS Page 5

6 ECOFLUID combustion technology Temperature and oxygen profile Page 6

7 ECOFLUID combustion technology Boiler System Integrated boiler system Flexibility for heat transfer sections Combustion air injection Gas-oil for start-up Bubbling fluidised bed with open nozzle grid GASIFICATION Page 7

8 COMBUSTION OF CLEAN BIOMASS AT HIGH STEAM PARAMETERS OF 540 C BIOMASS FIRED POWER PLANT UMEÅ/ SWEDEN Introduction / overview Page 8

UMEA DAVA 2 110 MW th fluidised bed boiler Fluidised bed boiler

2 of Umea Energi AB Combustion of bark, forestry wood, wood chips

district heating network CUSTOMER: Umea Energi AB Umea / Sweden K E

Steam output: Steam pressure: 147 t/h 143 bar Steam temperature:

9 UMEA DAVA MW th fluidised bed boiler Fluidised bed boiler plant, system ECOFLUID, for the biomass-fired power plant UMEA DAVA 2 of Umea Energi AB Combustion of bark, forestry wood, wood chips and peat Production of electric power and steam for the local district heating network CUSTOMER: Umea Energi AB Umea / Sweden K E Y D A T A StartUp 2009 TECHNOLOGY: Bubbling fluidised bed system Steam output: Steam pressure: 147 t/h 143 bar Steam temperature: 543 C Fuel: bark, forestry wood, wood chips, peat Calorific value: 6 12 MJ/kg Page 9

10 Arrangement of heating surfaces SH1 Chloride max %w dry in the fuel mixture SH4 EVA SH2 SH2 SH2 SH3 Page 10

11 Arrangement of heating surfaces Fluegas Tempe erature [ C] Indifferent Area Chlorine-Concentration in Solid Fuel <0,1% SH3-SH2-SH1-EVA 300 ECO2 HTS ECO1 Corrosion Area SH Surface-Temperature Heating Surface [ C] Page 11

12 Superheater 4 made of AC66 Page 12

13 OVERVIEW OPERATING EXPERIENCES Page 13

14 Arrangement of heating surfaces Com bustion Air = PA + SA [Nm m³/h] Operation Case: 100%MCR O2wet=345v%(±005) 3,45 0,05) T Bed = 760 C (± 3) Operation Case: 35%MCR Firing Diagram Hu [MJ/kg] LS Flow [t/h] Page 14

15 Arrangement of heating surfaces SH1 Chloride max %w dry in the fuel mixture SH4 EVA SH2 SH2 SH2 SH3 Page 15

16 Arrangement of heating surfaces Superheater 4 takes more heat out of the flue gas as in design Design 100%MCR Operation 100%MCR Avg. Design 35%MCR Operation 35%MCR Avg. No data available Fluegas Temperatures [ C] 0 Upp pper Bed Fre reeboard Post Combustion Chamber 2nd Pass s - Outlet 3rd Pass s - Outlet 4th Pass s - Outlet 5th Pas ss - Inlet 5th Pass - Inlet HTS 5th Pass s - Outlet Page 16

17 Design versus Operation Fl uegas Tempera ature [ C C] % MCR HTS Indifferent Area Chlorine-Concentration in Solid Fuel <0,1% SH3-SH2-SH1-EVA ECO1 ECO2 Corrosion Area SH Surface-Temperature Heating Surface [ C] Project Umea Dava 2 Pj.-No.: EK LS Pressure 143,0 bar(a) LS Temperature 543,0 C LS Flow 155,5 t/h SH4 Wings - Design SH3-SH2-SH1-EVA - Design ECO2 - Design ECO1 - Design Heat Transfer Syst. - Design SH4 Wings - Avg. SH3-SH2-SH1-EVA - Avg. ECO2 - Avg. ECO1 - Avg. Heat Transfer Syst. - Avg. Page 17

18 OPERATION BEHAVIOUR SH4 OVER TIME [ C] erature Fluega as Temp Corrosion Area Indifferent Area Chlorine-Concentration in Solid Fuel <0,1% Surface-Temperature Heating Surface [ C] DESIGN Slight increase in SH temperature over 6 months SH4 Wings - Design SH4 Wings /2009 SH4 Wings /2009 SH4 Wings /2010 SH4 Wings /2010 SH4 Wings - Avg. Page 18

19 RELATIVE EMISSION VALUES 140% 120% Emissions Stack - Operation Avg. dry; 6v% O2 Percen ntage of Limit 100% 80% 60% 40% Limitit 20% 0% NOx NH3 HCl SO2 CO Dust Page 19

20 OPERATING EXPERIENCE Commissioning started in October 2008 PAC in January 2010 due to late turbine delivery and planned summer shut-down Turbine was stuck on the frozen river Elbe Minor modifications in the fuel bins Operation down to 35% without problems stable, safe and automatic controlled Successful 6 month operation without stop of the 540 C No major slagging tendency on the superheaters Emission levels could be kept easily Page 20

application of litter on farming land production of green electricity by thermal utilisation

21 Poultry Litter Fired Power Station MOERDIJK Purpose of the project: Disposal route for ~ 1/3 of The Netherlands poultry litter Background: European Nitrogen - directive heavily restricts application of litter on farming land production of green electricity by thermal utilisation Location: Moerdijk, NL Plant Size: 36 MW el gross Fuel amount: t/a Fuels: Poultry Litter, Feathers Page 21

MOERDIJK 36 MWel fluidised bed boiler Supply of a fluidised bed boiler plant system

Maintenance for 3 years Utilisation of green electricity by thermal treatment of poultry

TECHNOLOGY: Bubbling fluidised bed system, flue gas cleaning Steam output: Steam

22 MOERDIJK 36 MWel fluidised bed boiler Supply of a fluidised bed boiler plant system ECOFLUID and flue gas cleaning for biomass-fired power plant Moerdijk Operations & Maintenance for 3 years Utilisation of green electricity by thermal treatment of poultry litter CUSTOMER: BMC Moerdijk Moerdijk / Netherland K E Y D A T A StartUp 2008 TECHNOLOGY: Bubbling fluidised bed system, flue gas cleaning Steam output: Steam pressure: 132 t/h 67 bar a Steam temperature: 478 C Fuel: Poultry litter, feathers Calorific value: 6 10 MJ/kg Page 22

23 BFB Moerdijk Operating Experience BFB design: Design of boiler and combustion system was confirmed Bed operation with high ash loads and low melting ash possible Secondary air system was adapted d to extend operation window for fuel with low NCV Emissions: Waste Incineration Directive - generally achieved Occasionally high CO-peaks due improper fuel quality Occasionally high NH3 due to high ammonia content of fuel NOx very low, sometimes no need to operate SCR Operating Experience Year 2009: Continuous operation even with low quality fuel possible Page 23

24 Further information:

Steinmüller Engineering GmbH POWER-GEN Europe, Vienna

Steinmüller Engineering GmbH POWER-GEN Europe, Vienna Steinmüller Engineering GmbH 2013-06-06 POWER-GEN Europe, Vienna Combustion optimisation, efficiency improvements and emission reduction by installation of modern LowNO x firing systems at existing bituminous