The importance of a harmonized sprayer inspection: The SPISE manual JP Douzals 1, V Polveche 2 and Z. Czaczyk 3 1

Transcription

1 SPISE7 The importance of a harmonized sprayer inspection: The SPISE manual JP Douzals 1, V Polveche 2 and Z. Czaczyk 3 1 Irstea Montpellier, France. jean-paul.douzals@irstea.fr 2 GIPPULVES, Montpellier, France 3 Poznan University, Poland Agricultural University of Athens, Greece 26-28/9/2018

2 Introduction : why a SPISE advice on how to conduct sprayer inspection? Standard series EN ISO (1 to 4) already specify mandatory requirements in terms of : pre inspection (EN ISO ) Inspected items and functionalities (EN ISO part 2 to 4) The aim of this SPISE advice is To explain the reasons of specific requirements To highlight practical situations To identify major defaults In any case, the SPISE advice will substitute to the standard 2

3 1) Principle of the SPISE Advice PART 1: Description of the content of EN ISO standard series focusing on (ex EN ISO Part 2) i) elementary components/parts to be inspected ii) Function tests need to inspect a group of components in a circuit with ad hoc methodologies iii) Check of the accuracy of measuring devices of the sensors/gauges involved in the application rate (pressure gauge, flowrate, forward speed) Source Sketchup 3D Warehouse Verkley design and modelling 3

4 1) Principle of the SPISE Advice PART 2 : Structure and functioning of boom sprayers - A framework (chassis) supporting all components (tank, pump,..) and moving parts (unfolded/folded and height adjusted booms). In many cases, the transmission allows the physical connection of the pump(s) and fans with the power supply through a PTO shaft. - A spray mix circuit composed of tank(s), filters, pump(s), pressure valve, hoses and pipes, boom section valves, allowing the management of the spray mix from the main tank to the nozzle through boom sections and nozzle holders. Depending on the technology, the circuit may be more or less sophisticated with none up to 2 flowmeters, the presence/absence of compensated returns, etc. Two main parameters are used to manage spray mix circuits: pressure and flowrate with the help of gauges or electronic sensors. - The functioning of the boom sprayer is getting more complex with additional sensors for forward speed, boom height, GPS, etc. In general, the sprayer owns a control display used to activate/deactivate the sprayer and/or boom sections, set the pressure and read the information of the applied rate, 4 flowrate,

5 2) Critical aspects of the inspection of a boom sprayer 1) Identification and classification of the sprayer Boom sprayer can be classified according to 3 complementary ways : a) spray mix circuit descriptors : Regular circulation with or without compensated returns, generally with a flowmeter Semi-continuous or continuous circulation with or without compensated returns with 1 flowmeter Regular circulation with 2 manometers Figure: Ex. boom sprayer with a regular circulation circuit no compensated returns, 1 flowmeter. Source after GIPPulves 5

6 2) Critical aspects of the inspection of a boom sprayer 1) Identification and classification of the sprayer Boom sprayer can be classified according to 3 complementary ways : (b) The type of control : - Constant pressure with a simple 3 way pressure valve. - Flowrate proportional to PTO revolution speed (DPM) using a pressure controller - Flowrate proportional to forward speed (DPA) using a pilot operated control valve or a flowrate controller. In this case a mechanical or an electronical sensor provides the information of the forward speed (DPAe). (c) The number of sections: Hydraulic boom sections are generally different than what the mechanical structure of boom sections would suggest. For boom sprayers with regular/discontinuous circulation, the number of hydraulic section corresponds to the number of section valves even though T connectors between subsections may be found. In this case a calibrated manometer can be mounted on each section. In the case of continuous circulation, the shut-off of the boom section is not achieved with control valves but by using pneumatic membranes (similar to antidrip systems). Feeding hoses to mount calibrated manometers can be less than the number of sections. 6

7 3) The inspection of the sprayer 3.1) Location and test equipment for the inspection 3.2) Preliminary inspection 9 pre-inspection items are listed and illustrated in the fig. 1. Place for inspection 2. Clean sprayer 3. PTO shaft and Power input connectors (PIC), universal joints, locking systems 4. PTO shaft guard 5. Protections of any moving/rotating part 6. Pipes, hoses for hydraulic transmission 7. Structural parts and framework (incl. hitching) 8. Locking of foldable parts 9. Blower (blades, guarding) 10. blower clutch Figure 4 : Sprayer shape components to be inspected during preliminary inspection. Source Cemagref. 7

8 3) The inspection of the sprayer 3.3) The inspection of the sprayer 25 Elementary components Figure 5 : Sprayer circuit components to be inspected according to EN ISO Circuit from Grisso et al.,

9 3) The inspection of the sprayer 3.3) The inspection of the sprayer 25 Elementary components to be tested Figure: Boom suspension and horizontal tests. Source GIPPulves 9

10 3) The inspection of the sprayer 3.3) The inspection of the sprayer 16 Function tests to check spray ability (leaks, agitation and valves) Figure 8: Boom section test, pressure homogeneity test, pressure drop test. Source GIPPulves 10

11 3) The inspection of the sprayer 3.3) The inspection of the sprayer 14 methods to check the accuracy of measuring devices used to set and apply the application rate. Figure 9: Pressure drop during boom section shut-off/on. Source GIPPulves. 11

12 3) The inspection of the sprayer 3.3) The inspection of the sprayer 14 methods to check the accuracy of measuring devices used to set and apply the application rate. Fig: nozzle flowrate & nozzle homogeneity measurement (source GIPPulves) 12

13 3) The inspection of the sprayer 3.3) The inspection of the sprayer 14 methods to check the accuracy of measuring devices used to set and apply the application rate. Fig: nozzle flowrate & nozzle homogeneity measurement (source AAMS Salvarani) 13

14 3) The inspection of the sprayer 3.3) The inspection report Following the inspection, an inspection report is produced and contains all necessary information (items checked and decision on compliance) The inspected sprayer is identified (if not already done) A sticker with the identification of the sprayer and date of validity 14

15 STILL TO BE DONE Finalize the first document on boom sprayers (draft to be sent in Dec. 2018) Find additional/complementary figures 3D (splitted) sketches from manufacturers (ex. Solidworks) would be appreciated to locate and to describe the inspected parts (make it more visible and attractive) Same remark about the description of the functionning of the different circuits Develop a specific Advice for Bush and Tree Crop Sprayers 15

16 Thank you for your attention! 16

17 Some information from France Vincent Polveche left the GIPPulves, he is now working for the Min Ag in Toulouse. The contract of the GIPPulves ends in Dec It will be continued for 1 year at least. A dedicated person will be proposed by the Min Ag. A future structure will be established in 2019 to be enforced in 2020 to replace GIPPulves. Experimental activities in Irstea will restart next spring with new locations for test hall 17

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