ISO INTERNATIONAL STANDARD. Fans Vocabulary and definitions of categories. Ventilateurs Vocabulaire et définitions des catégories

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1 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO Second edition Fns Vocbulry nd definitions of ctegories Ventilteurs Vocbulire et définitions des ctégories Reference number ISO 13349:2010(E) ISO 2010

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3 Contents Pge Foreword...iv Introduction...v 1 Scope Normtive references Terms nd definitions Fns Generl Fn instlltion ctegories ccording to the rrngement of ducting Types of fn ccording to their function Fn types ccording to the fluid pth within the impeller Types of fn ccording to operting conditions Fn elements Symbols nd units Multiples of primry units Units of time Temperture of ir or gs Fn ctegories Generl Suitbility for the fn pressure Suitbility of construction Drive rrngements Inlet nd outlet conditions Method of fn control Designtion of direction of rottion nd position of prts of the fn ssembly Chrcteristic dimensions nd component prts...18 Annex A (informtive) Exmples...41 Bibliogrphy...43 ISO 2010 All rights reserved iii

4 Foreword ISO (the Interntionl Orgniztion for Stndrdiztion) is worldwide federtion of ntionl stndrds bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of prepring Interntionl Stndrds is normlly crried out through ISO technicl committees. Ech member body interested in subject for which technicl committee hs been estblished hs the right to be represented on tht committee. Interntionl orgniztions, governmentl nd non-governmentl, in liison with ISO, lso tke prt in the work. ISO collbortes closely with the Interntionl Electrotechnicl Commission (IEC) on ll mtters of electrotechnicl stndrdiztion. Interntionl Stndrds re drfted in ccordnce with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Prt 2. The min tsk of technicl committees is to prepre Interntionl Stndrds. Drft Interntionl Stndrds dopted by the technicl committees re circulted to the member bodies for voting. Publiction s n Interntionl Stndrd requires pprovl by t lest 75 % of the member bodies csting vote. Attention is drwn to the possibility tht some of the elements of this document my be the subject of ptent rights. ISO shll not be held responsible for identifying ny or ll such ptent rights. ISO ws prepred by Technicl Committee ISO/TC 117, Fns. This second edition cncels nd replces the first edition (ISO 13349:1999), which hs been techniclly revised. iv ISO 2010 All rights reserved

5 Introduction This Interntionl Stndrd reflects the importnce of stndrdized pproch to the terminology of fns. The need for n Interntionl Stndrd hs been evident for some considerble time. To tke just one exmple, the coding of driving rrngements differs from mnufcturer to mnufcturer. Wht one currently clls rrngement no. 1 cn be known by nother s rrngement no. 3. The confusion for the customer is only too pprent. For similr resons, it is essentil to use stndrdized nomenclture to identify prticulr prts of fn. Wherever possible, in the interests of interntionl comprehension, this Interntionl Stndrd is in greement with similr documents produced by Eurovent, AMCA, VDMA (Germny), AFNOR (Frnce) nd UNI (Itly). They hve, however, been built on where the need for mplifiction ws pprent. Use of this Interntionl Stndrd will led to greter understnding mong ll prts of the ir-moving industry. This Interntionl Stndrd is intended for use by mnufcturers, consultnts nd contrctors. ISO 2010 All rights reserved v

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7 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13349:2010(E) Fns Vocbulry nd definitions of ctegories 1 Scope This Interntionl Stndrd defines terms nd ctegories in the field of fns used for ll purposes. It is not pplicble to electricl sfety. 2 Normtive references The following referenced documents re indispensble for the ppliction of this document. For dted references, only the edition cited pplies. For undted references, the ltest edition of the referenced document (including ny mendments) pplies. ISO , Mesurement of fluid flow by mens of pressure differentil devices inserted in circulr crosssection conduits running full Prt 1: Generl principles nd requirements ISO 5801:2007, Industril fns Performnce testing using stndrdized irwys ISO 5802:2001, Industril fns Performnce testing in situ ISO 13351, Fns Dimensions 3 Terms nd definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms nd definitions given in ISO nd ISO 5801 nd the following pply 3.1 Fns fn rotry-blded mchine tht receives mechnicl energy nd utilizes it by mens of one or more impellers fitted with bldes to mintin continuous flow of ir or other gs pssing through it nd whose work per unit mss does not normlly exceed 25 kj/kg NOTE 1 The term fn" is tken to men the fn s supplied, without ny ddition to the inlet or outlet, except where such ddition is specified. NOTE 2 Fns re defined ccording to their instlltion ctegory, function, fluid pth nd operting conditions. NOTE 3 If the work per unit mss exceeds vlue of 25 kj/kg, the mchine is termed turbocompressor. This mens tht, for men stgntion density through the fn of 1,2 kg/m 3, the fn pressure does not exceed 1,2 25 kj/kg, i.e. 30 kp, nd the pressure rtio does not exceed 1,30 since tmospheric pressure is pproximtely 100 kp bre shft fn fn without drives, ttchments or pperturbnces See ISO ISO 2010 All rights reserved 1

8 3.1.3 driven fn impeller fitted to or connected to motor, with or without drive mechnism, housing or mens of vrible speed drive See ISO ir bbrevited term for the expression ir or other gs 3.3 stndrd ir by convention, ir with density of 1,2 kg/m Fn instlltion ctegories ccording to the rrngement of ducting See Figure instlltion ctegory A instlltion with free inlet nd free outlet with prtition See ISO 5801 nd ISO instlltion ctegory B instlltion with free inlet nd ducted outlet See ISO 5801 nd ISO instlltion ctegory C instlltion with ducted inlet nd free outlet See ISO 5801 nd ISO instlltion ctegory D instlltion with ducted inlet nd ducted outlet See ISO 5801 nd ISO instlltion ctegory E instlltion with free inlet nd free outlet without prtition 3.5 Types of fn ccording to their function ducted fn fn used for moving ir within duct NOTE This fn cn be rrnged in instlltion ctegory B, C or D (see Figures 2, 3, 4 nd 5) prtition fn fn used for moving ir from one free spce to nother, seprted from the first by prtition hving n perture in which or on which the fn is instlled NOTE This fn cn be rrnged in instlltion ctegory A (see Figure 6). 2 ISO 2010 All rights reserved

9 3.5.3 jet fn fn used for producing jet of ir in spce nd unconnected to ny ducting See Figure 7. NOTE The ir jet cn be used, for exmple, for dding momentum to the ir within duct, tunnel or other spce, or for intensifying the het trnsfer in determined zone circulting fn fn used for moving ir within spce which is unconnected to ny ducting nd is usully without housing See Figure ir curtin unit ir moving device which produces n ir curtin See Figure ir curtin irstrem directionlly controlled irstrem, moving cross the entire height nd width of n opening, which cn reduce the infiltrtion or trnsfer of ir from one side of the opening to the other, nd inhibits insects, dust or debris from pssing through 3.6 Types of fn ccording to the fluid pth within the impeller centrifugl fn fn in which the ir enters the impeller with n essentilly xil direction nd leves it in direction perpendiculr to this xis See Figure 2. NOTE 1 NOTE 2 Figure 16). The centrifugl fn is lso known s rdil-flow fn. The impeller cn hve one or two inlet(s) nd might include shroud nd/or bckplte (centreplte) (see NOTE 3 The impeller is defined s bckwrd-curved or inclined, rdil or forwrd-curved, depending on whether the outwrd direction of the blde t the periphery is bckwrd, rdil or forwrd reltive to the direction of the rottion (see Figures 9 nd 16). NOTE 4 A centrifugl fn cn be of the low-, medium- or high-pressure type, ccording to the spect rtio of fn inlet dimeter to outside dimeter of the impeller. These terms indicte tht the pressure generted t given flow rte is low, medium or high. NOTE 5 Figure 9 shows cross-section through fmily of impellers hving the sme inlet dimeter. Fns with rtios of fn inlet/outside impeller dimeter of greter thn pproximtely 0,63 mm re considered low spect rtio, nd lower thn pproximtely 0,4 mm re considered high spect rtio. Medium spect rtio centrifugl fns re intermedite between these two. NOTE 6 designed. NOTE 7 Tble 1). The impeller dimeter nd the csing scroll rdii increse with the pressure rnge for which the fn is These ctegories re lso ffected by the bility to run t the necessry peripherl speed (see 5.2 nd ISO 2010 All rights reserved 3

10 3.6.2 xil-flow fn fn in which the ir enters nd leves the impeller long essentilly cylindricl surfces coxil with the fn See Figure 3. NOTE 1 An xil-flow fn cn be of the low-, medium- or high-pressure type, ccording to the spect rtio of hub dimeter to outside impeller dimeter. These terms indicte tht the pressure generted t given flow rte is low, medium or high. NOTE 2 Figure 10 shows cross-section through fmily of impellers hving the sme outside dimeter. Fns with rtios of hub/outside impeller dimeter of less thn pproximtely 0,4 mm re considered low spect rtio, nd greter thn pproximtely 0,71 mm re considered high spect rtio. Medium spect rtio xil fns re intermedite between these two figures. NOTE 3 These ctegories re lso ffected by the bility to run t the necessry peripherl speed contr-rotting fn xil-flow fn which hs two impellers rrnged in series nd rotting in opposite directions See Figure reversible xil-flow fn xil-flow fn tht is specilly designed to rotte in either direction, regrdless of whether or not the performnce is identicl in both directions propeller fn xil-flow fn hving n impeller with smll number of brod bldes of uniform mteril thickness nd designed to operte in n orifice plte-mounted xil-flow fn xil-flow fn in which the impeller rottes in n orifice or spigot of reltively short xil length, the impeller bldes being of erofoil section vne-xil fn xil-flow fn suitble for ducted pplictions, which hs guide vnes before or fter the impeller, or both tube-xil fn xil-flow fn without guide vnes, suitble for ducted pplictions mixed-flow fn fn in which the fluid pth through the impeller is intermedite between the centrifugl nd xil-flow types See Figures 5 nd cross-flow fn fn in which the fluid pth through the impeller is in direction essentilly t right ngles to its xis both entering nd leving the impeller t its periphery See Figure ISO 2010 All rights reserved

11 3.6.5 peripherl or side chnnel fn ir moving device for which the circultion of fluid in the toric csing is helicoidl NOTE The rottion of the impeller, which contins number of bldes, cretes helicoidl trjectory, which is intercepted by one or more bldes depending on the flow rte. The impeller trnsfers energy to the fluid (see Figure 15) multi-stge fn fn hving two or more impellers working in series EXAMPLE A two-stge fn or three-stge fn. NOTE 1 NOTE 2 Figure 16). Multi-stge fns cn hve guide vnes nd interconnecting ducts between successive impellers. The bldes of n impeller cn be either of profiled section (s n erofoil) or of uniform thickness (see in-line centrifugl fn fn hving centrifugl impeller used in n in-line ducted configurtion See Figure bifurcted fn fn hving n xil-flow, mixed-flow or centrifugl impeller in n in-line configurtion where the direct-drive motor is seprted from the flowing ir strem by mens of comprtment or tunnel See Figure 27 c) plug fn fn hving n unhoused impeller rrnged such tht the system into which it is inserted cts s housing, llowing ir to be drwn into the impeller inlet See Figure plenum fn fn hving n unhoused centrifugl impeller which drws ir into the impeller through n inlet locted in brrier wll, nd hving driver locted on the sme side of the brrier s the impeller See Figure in-line nd box fn fn tht incorportes centrifugl/mixed-flow impellers See Figures 4 nd Types of fn ccording to operting conditions generl-purpose fn fn suitble for hndling ir which is non-toxic, unsturted, non-corrosive, non-flmmble, free from brsive prticles nd within temperture rnge from 20 C to +80 C NOTE For tempertures greter thn 40 C, the motor is especilly tken into considertion. ISO 2010 All rights reserved 5

12 3.7.2 specil-purpose fn fn used for specil operting conditions See to NOTE 1 A fn cn hve combintion of specil fetures. NOTE 2 The operting conditions stted below ( to ) represent typicl rnge, but the list is not necessrily complete. It is intended tht the mnufcturer nd purchser gree on other types hving specil fetures to suit specific pplictions hot-gs fn fn used for hndling hot gses continuously NOTE 1 NOTE 2 Specil mterils cn be incorported, s necessry, for the fn which cn hve direct or indirect drive. The motor on direct-drive fn cn be either in the ir strem or seprted from it. NOTE 3 Indirect-drive fns cn incorporte mens for cooling belts, berings or other drive components, where necessry (for designtion, see 5.3.2) smoke-ventilting fn fn suitble for hndling hot smoke for specified time/temperture profile NOTE 1 NOTE 2 Specil mterils cn be incorported, s necessry, for the fn, which cn hve direct or indirect drive. The motor cn be either in the ir strem on direct-drive fn or seprted from it. NOTE 3 Indirect-drive fns incorporte mens for cooling belts, berings or other drive components, where necessry (for designtion, see 5.3.2) wet-gs fn fn suitble for hndling ir contining prticles of wter or ny other liquid gs-tight fn fn with suitbly seled csing to mtch specified lekge rte t specified pressure NOTE Depending upon the lekge specifiction, this cn involve specil ttention being pid to ll services which penetrte the csing, such s inspection mens, lubrictor fittings nd electricl supply, s well s the detils of the connecting flnges (for ctegoriztion, see 5.3.4) dust fn fn suitble for hndling dust-lden ir, designed to suit the dust being hndled conveying fn trnsport fn fn suitble for the conveying of solids nd dust entrined in the ir strem, designed to suit the mteril being conveyed NOTE 1 A conveying/trnsport fn cn be of direct or indirect drive type, depending on whether or not the hndled mteril psses through the impeller. NOTE 2 Exmples of solids re wood chips, textile wste nd pulverized mterils. 6 ISO 2010 All rights reserved

13 non-clogging fn fn hving n impeller designed to minimize clogging by virtue of its detiled shpe or by the use of specil mterils NOTE The fn cn lso incorporte other fetures to llow the use of clening sprys nd fcilitte the removl of ny mteril brsion-resistnt fn fn designed to minimize brsion, hving prts tht re especilly subject to wer, constructed from suitbly brsion-resistnt mterils nd esily replceble corrosion-resistnt fn fn constructed from suitbly corrosion-resistnt mterils or suitbly treted to minimize corrosion by specified gents sprk-resistnt fn ignition-protected fn fn with fetures designed to minimize the risk of sprks or hot spots resulting from contct between moving nd sttionry prts tht my cuse the ignition of dust or gses NOTE No berings, drive components or electricl devices re plced in the ir or gs strem, unless they re constructed in such mnner tht filure of tht component cnnot ignite the surrounding gs strem (for ctegoriztion, see 5.3.4) powered-roof ventiltor fn designed for mounting on roof nd hving exterior wether protection positive-pressure ventiltor portble fn tht cn be positioned reltive to n opening of confined spce nd cuse it to be positively pressurized by dischrge ir velocity NOTE blloons. It is principlly used by fire-fighters to mitigte the effect of smoke nd is lso used to ssist in inflting hot ir 3.8 Fn elements fn inlet opening, usully circulr or rectngulr, through which the ir first enters the fn csing NOTE 1 If the fn is provided with n inlet-connecting flnge or spigot, the fn inlet dimensions re mesured inside this connection. The inlet re is the gross re mesured inside this flnge, i.e. no deductions re mde for blockges, such s motors nd bering supports. NOTE 2 When the inlet re is not clerly defined, greement cn be reched between the prties to the contrct fn outlet opening, usully circulr or rectngulr, through which the ir finlly leves the fn csing NOTE 1 If the fn is provided with n outlet connecting flnge or spigot, the fn outlet dimensions re mesured inside this connection. When the fn is delivered with diffuser nd the performnce is quoted with this fitted, the re of the fn outlet cn be tken s equl to the outlet re of the diffuser. ISO 2010 All rights reserved 7

14 NOTE 2 When the outlet re is not clerly defined, greement cn be reched between the prties to the contrct. NOTE 3 For the specil requirements of jet fns, see ISO NOTE 4 For roof ventiltors nd unhoused fns, the outlet re cn be considered s the product of the mximum circumference of triling edges by the width of the impeller blde or the gross csing re t the impeller for xil types impeller tip dimeter mximum dimeter mesured over the tips of the bldes of the impeller NOTE This is expressed in millimetres. See ISO size designtion nominl impeller tip dimeter, defined s the impeller tip dimeter on which the design of tht fn is bsed 4 Symbols nd units 4.1 Symbols The following symbols nd primry units for the prmeters listed pply. Prmeter Symbol Unit Volume flow rte q V m 3 /s Fn pressure p F P Power P W Torque τ Nm Gs density ρ kg/m 3 Impeller tip speed u m/s Outlet or duct velocity v m/s Rottionl frequency n r/s Rottionl speed N r/min Dimensions mm Moment of inerti I kg m 2 Stress σ P Energy E J Temperture Θ K Temperture Τ C Work per unit mss W J/kg Thrust (clculted, mesured) T c, T m N Note 1 For sound units, see ISO Note 2 For efficiency units, see ISO ISO 2010 All rights reserved

15 4.2 Multiples of primry units The choice of the pproprite multiple or submultiple of n SI unit is governed by convenience. The multiple chosen for prticulr ppliction shll be tht which leds to numericl vlues within prcticl rnge (e.g. kilopscl for pressure, kilowtts for power nd megpscl for stress). 4.3 Units of time The second is the SI bse unit of time, lthough outside SI the minute hs been recognized by the Internl Committee for Weights nd Mesurements (CIPM) s necessry to be retined for use becuse of its prcticl importnce. Mnufcturers my, therefore, continue with the use of r/min for rottionl speed. 4.4 Temperture of ir or gs The kelvin is the SI bse unit of thermodynmic temperture nd is preferred for most scientific nd technologicl purposes. The degree Celsius ( C) is cceptble for prcticl pplictions. 5 Fn ctegories 5.1 Generl Fns my be ctegorized ccording to ) suitbility for the fn pressure, b) suitbility of construction (including fetures required for smoke ventiltion, gs tightness nd ignition protection), c) driving rrngement, d) inlet nd outlet conditions, e) method of fn control, f) rottion nd position of prts, nd g) chrcteristic dimensions. Exmples of the use of the definitions nd ctegories to identify fn in specifiction re given in Annex A. 5.2 Suitbility for the fn pressure A fn my lso be defined s being low, medium or high pressure, ccording to the level of work per unit mss, nd whether the influence of compressibility of the ir or gs being hndled hs to be tken into ccount. For detiled ccount of these considertions, see ISO A low-pressure fn is then defined s hving pressure rtio less thn 1,02 kp nd reference Mch No. of less thn 0,15. This corresponds to pressure rise of less thn 2 kp when hndling stndrd ir. A medium-pressure fn is defined s hving pressure rtio greter thn 1,02 kp nd less thn 1,1 kp. The reference Mch No. shll be less thn 0,15. This corresponds to pressure rise of 2 kp to 10 kp. A high-pressure fn is defined s hving pressure rtio nd pressure rise greter thn the bove-mentioned. ISO 2010 All rights reserved 9

16 5.2.1 Work per unit mss A convention is used for ll industril fns except jet fns (see ISO 13350), denoting the work per unit mss s the quotient of ir power nd mss flow rte. The fn pressure is pproximtely equl to the product of work per unit mss nd the men stgntion density of the fluid within the fn Fn ctegories Depending on its peripherl speed, fn impeller develops more or less pressure. This Interntionl Stndrd defines rnge of fn ctegories where the fn pressure t mximum efficiency nd mximum rottionl speed is not less thn the vlue given in Tble 1. In ny event, this defined fn pressure (s shown in Tble 1) shll not exceed 95 % of the mximum pressure developed by the fn t its mximum speed Chnges in ir density These ctegories shll lso be used to indicte whether or not the chnge in ir density within the fn shll be considered. For low-pressure fn, this chnge my be neglected. For high-pressure fn, this chnge shll not be neglected, wheres for medium-pressure fn, it my or my not be neglected depending on the desired ccurcy. Detiled mechnicl design nd construction of the rottionl elements re determined by the peripherl speed nd, therefore, the pressure for which the fn is specified. For exmples of centrifugl fns, see Figure 9. Tble 1 Ctegoriztion of fn ccording to fn pressure Fn description Code Mximum fn pressure (for stndrd ir) kp Ctegory Low pressure L > 0 nd u 0,7 > 0,7 nd u 1 > 1 nd u 1,6 > 1,6 nd u 2,0 Medium pressure M > 2,0 nd u 3,6 > 3,6 nd u 6,3 > 6,3 nd u 10 High pressure H > 10 nd u 16 > 16,0 nd u 22,4 > 22,4 nd u Suitbility of construction Ctegoriztion ccording to csing construction Fns re used for vriety of purposes (see 3.7). The ir or gs hndled my be clen or contin moisture or solid prticles nd my be t mbient or other temperture. Connection to its ssocited ducting cn be vi flexible elements or lterntively it my be ttched directly, such tht the csing hs to withstnd dditionl lods due to the ded weight of these connections. Where high or low temperture is present, further loding cn result from the effects of expnsion or contrction. Csing thickness nd stiffening re lso determined by the bility to withstnd the specified fn pressure nd dynmic lods nd by the need for mrgin to counter the effects of ny erosion or corrosion. For ll these nd other resons, different methods of csing construction nd different csing thicknesses re pproprite to the ppliction. 10 ISO 2010 All rights reserved

17 The ctegoriztion in Tble 2 reflects current prctice nd shll be used only to ssist specifiction. It in no wy indictes ny form of grding. Ctegory 1 is s vlid for clen ir ventiltion s Ctegory 3 is preferred for hevy industril requirements. Tble 2 Ctegoriztion of fn ccording to method of csing construction Ctegory Typicl csing fetures Usge Csing thickness 1 Lockformed, spot welded or screwed construction. Crdle or ngle frme mounting Light HVAC clen ir < 0,002 5D 2 Lockformed, sem welded or continuously welded construction. Semi-universl design with bolted on side-pltes Hevy HVAC Light industril Light dust or moisture 3 Fully welded fixed dischrge Hevy industril Dirty ir contining moisture or solids, or High pressure or High power > 0,002 5D > 0,003 33D NOTE D is the nominl impeller dimeter, in millimetres Designtion for hot-gs fn Where fn is suitble for continuous opertion up to stted mximum temperture (for hot-gs fn, see ), this should be indicted on the conventionl fn rting plte itself. The designtion tht shll be used is: T, followed by the mximum temperture in degrees Celsius ( C), for continuous opertion. EXAMPLE T/500 denotes fn rted for mximum continuous temperture of 500 C Designtion nd recommended ctegoriztion for smoke-ventilting fns If the fn is lso, or only, cpble of short-term opertion t high temperture, this informtion shll be clerly stted on seprte lbel (see ) Ctegoriztion for gs-tight fns Gs-tight fns shll be ctegorized in ccordnce with Tble 3 (see ). The mount of lekge is dependent on the pressure within the fn csing nd the time for which this must be mintined. The lekge rte is obtined by blocking off the fn inlet nd outlet nd "pumping up" or extrcting the csing using n uxiliry test fn. The chnge in the test pressure shll be mesured by mnometer s function of time. The lekge rte is then determined from the flow of the uxiliry test fn or other pressure sources. This lekge shll be less thn the vlue clculted from the formul pproprite to the ctegory. Normlly, the fn is sttionry during this test. However, if the correct functioning of the shft sel is dependent on fn rottion, the test shll be crried out with the impeller removed nd the reminder of the fn running. Ctegories A to D mtch the estblished clsses of llowble ductwork lekge rte used in the irconditioning industry. Ctegory E is often specified for systems hndling toxic fumes, whilst ctegories F nd G relte to nucler nd defence equipment specifictions, respectively. ISO 2010 All rights reserved 11

18 Tble 3 Ctegoriztion of gs-tight fns Lekge s function of test pressure Lekge ctegory Mximum test pressure kp Time t mximum pressure min Acceptnce criteri/mximum lekge rte A 0,5 15 0,027 p 0,65 B ,009 p 0,65 C ,003 p 0,65 D 2,5 15 0,001 p 0,65 E 2,5 15 0,000 5 p 0,65 F 3 60 Fll in p < 500 P G 10,5 15 No detectble leks H1 1,5 60 Fll in p < 150 P H2 1,5 60 Fll in p < 15 P NOTE 1 Lekge rtes in ctegories A, B, C, D nd E re in litres per second per squre metre of csing wetted re nd p is the test pressure in pscls. NOTE 2 Lekge is defined s loss of pressure in ctegories F, H1 nd H2. Especilly when mesuring the pressure loss ccording to lekge ctegories H1 or H2, ttention hs to be drwn to chnges of the gs temperture inside the csing or the mbient pressure during mesurement s they cn tint the result significntly. 5.4 Drive rrngements The six most commonly used types of drive re the following. ) Direct drive from the shft of the motor or other prime mover: the impeller is fixed to the shft extension. b) Drive through n in-line direct coupling: the drive shft nd the impeller shft re ech fixed on prt of the in-line direct coupling nd rotte t the sme speed. c) Drive through n in-line slipping coupling: the drive shft is fixed to the primry prt of the coupling nd the impeller shft to the secondry prt of the coupling, enbling them to rotte t different speeds, the reltive difference of which (i.e. the slip) depends upon the speed, the torque to be trnsmitted nd, when pproprite, the degree of control pplied to the coupling. d) Drive through gerbox: the drive shft nd the impeller shft re not necessrily coxil; they my be prllel or t n ngle, their speeds being in one or more given rtio(s). e) Belt drive: the drive shft nd the impeller shft re not in-line, but prllel, the drive between the two being by mens of flt, toothed or vee belts (or belts of some other section) nd suitble pulleys. Their speeds re in given rtio subject to smll mount of slip, except in the cse of the toothed belt. f) Direct drive with inset motor: the motor is set inside the fn csing or impeller such s n externl rotor motor. Fns shll be clssified ccording to the drive rrngements of the fn, especilly s fr s direct nd belt driven units re concerned. These re shown in Tble 4 for centrifugl units nd Tble 5 for xil units. 12 ISO 2010 All rights reserved

19 Tble 4 Drive rrngements for centrifugl fns Arrngement No. Description Motor position (see Figure 24) Illustrtion 1 Single-inlet fn for belt drive. Impeller overhung on shft running in two plummer block, pillow block berings or double-bering block supported by pedestl. 2 Single-inlet fn for belt drive. Impeller overhung on shft running in berings supported by brcket ttched to the fn csing. 3 Single-inlet fn for belt drive. Impeller mounted on shft running in berings on ech side of csing nd supported by the fn csing. 4 Single-inlet fn for direct drive. Impeller overhung on motor shft. No berings on fn. Motor supported by bse. 5 Single-inlet fn for direct drive. Impeller overhung on motor shft. No berings on fn. Motor ttched to csing side by its flnged end-shield. 6 Double-inlet fn for belt drive. Impeller mounted on shft running in berings on ech side of csing nd supported by the fn csing. 7 Single-inlet fn for coupling drive. Generlly, s rrngement no. 3, but with bse for the driving motor. 8 Single-inlet fn for coupling drive. Generlly, s rrngement no. 1, plus n extended bse for the driving motor. 9 Single-inlet fn for coupling drive. Generlly, s rrngement no. 1, but with the motor mounted on the outside of the bering pedestl. W or Z 10 Single-inlet fn for belt drive. Generlly, s rrngement no. 1, but with the drive motor inside the bering pedestl. U ISO 2010 All rights reserved 13

20 Tble 4 (continued) Arrngement No. Description Motor position (see Figure 24) Illustrtion 11 Single-inlet fn for belt drive. Generlly, s rrngement no. 3, but with the fn nd motor supported by common bse frme. W or Z (very rrely X or Y) 12 Single-inlet fn for belt drive. Generlly, s rrngement no. 1, but with the fn nd motor supported by common bse frme. W or Z (very rrely X or Y) 13 Single-inlet fn for belt drive. Generlly, s rrngement no. 1, but with the motor fixed underneth the bering pedestl. U 14 Single-inlet fn for belt drive. Generlly, s rrngement no. 3, but with the motor supported by the fn scroll. V, W or Z 15 Single-inlet fn for direct drive. Driving motor in-set within impeller nd fn csing. 16 Double-inlet fn for direct drive. Driving motor in-set within impeller nd fn csing. 17 Double-inlet fn for coupling drive. Generlly, s rrngement no. 6, but with bse for the driving motor. 18 Double-inlet fn for belt drive. Generlly, s rrngement no. 6, but with fn nd motor supported by common bse frme. W or Z (very rrely X or Y) 19 Double-inlet fn for belt drive. Generlly, s rrngement no. 6, but with the motor supported by the fn scroll. V, W or Z NOTE Arrngement nos. 1, 3, 6, 7, 8 nd 17 cn lso be provided with the berings mounted on pedestls for bse set independent of the fn housing. 14 ISO 2010 All rights reserved

21 Tble 5 Drive rrngements for xil-flow fns Arrngement No. Description Motor position (see Figure 24) Illustrtion 1 Belt drive. Impeller overhung on shft running in two berings, suitbly supported. 3 Belt drive. Impeller overhung on shft running between berings nd supported by fn housing. 4 7 Direct drive. Impeller overhung on driving motor shft. No berings on fn. Driving motor bse-mounted or integrlly direct-connected. Coupling drive. Generlly, s rrngement no. 3, but with bse for the driving motor. 8 Coupling drive. Generlly, s rrngement no. 1, plus n extended bse for the driving motor. 9 Belt drive. Generlly, s rrngement no. 1, but with driving motor outside nd supported by the fn csing. See Figure Belt drive. Generlly, s rrngement no. 3, but with fn nd driving motor outside nd supported by common bse frme. U, V, W or Z (very rrely X or Y) 12 Belt drive. Generlly, s rrngement no. 1, plus n extended bse for the driving motor. U, V, W or Z (very rrely X or Y) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 15

22 ISO 13349:2010(E) Tble 6 Inlet nd outlet ncillries for fns Illustrtion Subcode Description 5.5 U Fn with inlet nd outlet openings immeditely djcent to the csing. E Fn with cone or bellmouth inlet nd with the outlet opening immeditely djcent. D Fn with diffuser on the fn outlet nd with the inlet opening immeditely djcent. ED Fn with cone or bellmouth inlet on the inlet side nd diffuser on the outlet. B Fn with bend on the inlet side nd the outlet side immeditely djcent. BD Fn with bend on the inlet side nd diffuser on the outlet. S Fn with side box entry to the inlet nd outlet opening immeditely djcent. SD Fn with side box entry to the inlet nd diffuser on the fn outlet. Axil-flow-fns Single-inlet centrifugl fns Double-inlet centrifugl fns Inlet nd outlet conditions The direction or condition of the flow into or out of the fn my be modified by the ddition of ncillries. These re identified by lphbeticl subcodes (see Tble 6). 5.6 Method of fn control The following re the vrious methods of fn control commonly used in order to modify fn performnce. ) Speed control: speed cn be vried either continuously or in steps by vrible-speed motor, vrible-speed coupling, convertors (inverters), voltge control or by use of electroniclly commutted or switched reluctnce motors. 16 Orgniztion for Stndrdiztion Copyright Interntionl ISO 2010 All rights reserved

23 NOTE 1 At widely vrying opertionl conditions, speed control is much more efficient thn dmper or vne control. b) Dmper control: the fn performnce is controlled by mens of dmper, either on the inlet or on the outlet, creting n dditionl vrible system resistnce. c) Vne control: vnes mounted t the fn inlet cn be djusted in order to chnge the fn performnce by controlling the swirl t the fn inlet. d) Blde pitch control: vrible blde pitch control (normlly only for xil-flow fns). The blde ngle of the impeller cn be vried whilst the impeller is rotting, ll bldes being simultneously vried by one opertion. e) Adjustble pitch: if the blde ngle of the impeller cn be ltered only when the impeller is sttionry, this method of control is termed djustble pitch. NOTE 2 When the blde ngle cnnot be chnged, it is sid tht the fn hs fixed pitch. 5.7 Designtion of direction of rottion nd position of prts of the fn ssembly Generl The conventions specified in this subcluse shll be used for designting the direction of rottion of the fn nd the position of some of its prts Direction of rottion By convention, the direction of rottion is determined from the side opposite the impeller inlet, no mtter wht the ctul position of the drive (see Figures 17, 18 nd 19). The direction of rottion is designted clockwise (right-hnd, symbol RD) or nticlockwise (left-hnd, symbol LG) ccording to the direction seen when viewed long the xis of the fn from the side opposite the impeller inlet. For contr-rotting fn, rottion of the first stge shll determine the direction of rottion. NOTE 1 For double-inlet centrifugl fn nd cross-flow fn, the direction of rottion is determined when viewed from the driving side. NOTE 2 Clockwise rottion of the fn cn entil nticlockwise rottion of the driving motor. Rottionl direction of motor is lwys defined looking upon the driving end of the motor shft Outlet position of centrifugl fn The ngulr positions of the outlet of fn shll be defined in reltion to n origin tken s stright line perpendiculr to the mounting bse towrds the xis of rottion (see Figures 20 nd 21). The outlet position of centrifugl fn is designted by the symbol for the direction of rottion, i.e. LG or RD, followed by the ngle, in degrees, between the origin nd the xis of dischrge, the ngle being mesured in the direction of rottion s defined in (e.g. LG 135 or RD 90) (see Figures 17, 20 nd 21) Position of component prts of centrifugl fn with volute csing The ngulr position of motor, inlet box or bend, inspection door or ny other component is designted by the symbol for the direction of rottion (i.e. LG or RD) followed by the ngle, in degrees, between the origin s defined in nd the xis of the component prt, the ngle being mesured in the direction of rottion s defined in (see Figure 22). NOTE Where the fn csing is not provided with feet, the outlet position is tken s 0. ISO 2010 All rights reserved 17

24 5.7.5 Position of component prts of n xil-flow, mixed-flow or other fn with coxil inlet nd outlet The ngulr position of motor, n inlet box or bend, outlet bend, inspection door, terminl box, mounting feet, extended lubrictors nd xis of the belt drive or gerbox input shft, is defined by the ngle, in degrees, between the origin nd the xis of the component mesured in clockwise direction, when viewed long the xis of rottion, from the side opposite to the inlet, irrespective of the direction of rottion of the fn (see Figure 23). An exception is reversible xil-flow fn which is viewed from the driving side. Where the definition of origin given in Figure 23 does not pply, n rbitrry origin my be chosen Position of motor or other prime mover Pln view position of motor for belt or chin drive The position of motor when viewed perpendiculr to the fn mounting bse shll be denoted by the letters W, X, Y, Z, s shown in Figure 24, nd it shll be specified whether the drive is on the inlet side or on the side opposite the inlet Position of motor in direct-driven xil-flow, mixed-flow or other fn with coxil inlet nd outlet The motor position for direct-driven fn with horizontl or verticl xis shll be designted s shown in Figure Chrcteristic dimensions nd component prts Chrcteristic dimensions Size designtions nd inlet nd outlet flnges shll be s defined in ISO The definitions of size designtion re given in Figures 26 to 29 show the rrngements of typicl fns. In ech cse, the fn inlet is identified by 1, whilst the outlet is identified by 2 nd the impeller tip dimeter by Terms for fn component prts The illustrtions in Figures 26, 27, 28 nd 29 hve been chosen s exmples to show component prts of fns (Tble 7 gives the index of fn prts nd Tble 8 lists the preferred terms for fn component prts). Mny lterntive fetures nd rrngements re possible nd the selected illustrtions shll not be tken s stndrd designs for the kinds of fn involved. 18 ISO 2010 All rights reserved

25 ) Ctegory A b) Ctegory B c) Ctegory C d) Ctegory D e) Ctegory E Figure 1 Instlltion ctegory 1 Key 1 duct Flow of ir. Figure 2 Centrifugl fn ISO 2010 All rights reserved 19

26 1 Key 1 duct Flow of ir. Figure 3 Axil-flow fn Flow of ir. Figure 4 In-line centrifugl fn Flow of ir. Figure 5 Mixed-flow fn 20 ISO 2010 All rights reserved

27 Flow of ir. Figure 6 Prtition fns Flow of ir. Figure 7 Jet fn ) For cooling b) Ceiling fn Figure 8 Circulting fn ISO 2010 All rights reserved 21

28 ) Low pressure b) Medium pressure c) High pressure Flow of ir. Figure 9 Impellers of centrifugl fn ) Low pressure b) Medium pressure c) High pressure Flow of ir. Figure 10 Impellers of n xil-flow fn 22 ISO 2010 All rights reserved

29 Flow of ir. Figure 11 Impeller of mixed-flow fn Flow of ir. Figure 12 Cross-flow fn Figure 13 Plug fn ISO 2010 All rights reserved 23

30 Figure 14 Plenum fn Key 1 fluid 2 blde 3 csing 4 inlet C 5 outlet C Figure 15 Impeller of peripherl fn 24 ISO 2010 All rights reserved

31 ) Aerofoil blde b) Bckwrd-curved blde c) Bckwrd-inclined blde d) Rdil-tipped blde e) Forwrd-curved blde f) Rdil-shrouded blde g) Rdil-unshrouded blde h) Rdil pddle blde Figure 16 Centrifugl impeller types ISO 2010 All rights reserved 25

32 b b ) LG Anticlockwise rottion b) RD Clockwise rottion b Flow of ir. Direction of rottion. The rottion of single-inlet fn shll be determined from the side opposite the inlet, regrdless of the ctul loction of the drives. Figure 17 Direction of rottion for centrifugl rdil flow fn b b ) LG Anticlockwise rottion b) RD Clockwise rottion b Flow of ir. Direction of rottion. NOTE The rottion of n xil-flow fn is determined from the side opposite the inlet. Figure 18 Direction of rottion of xil-flow nd mixed-flow fns 26 ISO 2010 All rights reserved

33 b b ) LG Anticlockwise rottion b) RD Clockwise rottion b Flow of ir. Direction of rottion. Figure 19 Direction of rottion of cross-flow fns 135 Flow of ir. Figure 20 Conventionl designtion of the outlet position of centrifugl fn LG 0 LG 45 LG 90 LG 135 LG 180 LG 225 LG 270 LG 315 RD 0 RD 45 RD 90 RD 135 RD 180 RD 225 RD 270 RD 315 Figure 21 Recommended positions for the outlet of centrifugl fn ISO 2010 All rights reserved 27

34 EXAMPLES Outlet LG 315 Inspection door LG 135 Inlet box LG 45 Motor LG Outlet RD 0 Inspection door RD 225 Inlet box RD 0 Motor RD 135 Figure 22 Conventionl designtion of the ngulr position of component prts of centrifugl fn with volute csing EXAMPLE Inspection door: 90 Motor: 315 Figure 23 Conventionl designtion of the ngulr position of components of n xil-flow, mixed-flow or other fn with coxil inlet nd outlet 28 ISO 2010 All rights reserved

35 1 A V B U Y, X 1 Z, W W 1 X V A Z U, V Y Z Y U B X W Key 1 fn U V below fn bering level bove fn bering level Figure 24 Conventionl designtion of the lterntive positions in pln view of motor for belt-driven fn ISO 2010 All rights reserved 29

36 A Motor upstrem B Motor downstrem Horizontl xis A B U Upwrd dischrge Verticl xis AU BU D Downwrd dischrge AD BD Figure 25 Conventionl designtion of the motor position in direct-driven xil-flow, mixed-flow or other fn with coxil inlet nd outlet 30 ISO 2010 All rights reserved

37 Tble 7 Index illustrtion of fns Ref. Fn type Fetures A Ab Ac Ad Ae Af Ag Ah Centrifugl Bckwrd-curved indirect drive Forwrd-curved direct drive Pddle bldes indirect drive Vne control coupled drive Double inlet Multistge Two stges with duct connection (duplex) Rdil bldes B Bb Bc Bd Be Bf Axil-flow Long csing guide vnes direct drive Short csing direct drive Indirect drive Shielded motor (bifurcted) direct drive Multistge indirect drive Propeller fn C Mixed-flow Direct drive D Cross-flow Direct drive ISO 2010 All rights reserved 31

38 Item no. Component prt Tble 8 List of preferred terms for fn components A b B b C b D b b c d e f g b c d e f 10 Impeller b c d e f g b c d e f 11 Bldes b c e f b c d e f 12 Blde tip b c f 13 Blde tip b c d e f 14 Blde inlet edge b c f 15 Blde leding edge b e f 16 Blde triling edge b e f 17 Blde root b c d e 18 Hub b e b c d e f 19 Hub boss b c e f b 20 Hub disc b b 21 Hub rim b 22 Hub spider c 23 Impeller bckplte b f 24 Impeller centreplte e 25 Impeller endplte 26 Impeller shroud b e f 27 Impeller intermedite shroud 28 Fn csing b c d e f g b c d e 29 Scroll plte b c d e f g 30 Cut-off c f 31 Extended cut-off b e 32 Csing inlet sideplte b c d e f g 33 Csing bckplte b c d f g 34 Csing coverplte c 35 Inlet flnge b c d f d e 36 Inlet spigot 37 Shped inlet b e b 38 Inlet box b 39 Outlet flnge c f g d e 40 Outlet spigot b e 41 Outlet trnsformer 42 Outlet expnder f e 43 Outlet reducer c 44 Interconnecting duct g 45 Centre firing 46 Upstrem centre firing e 47 Downstrem centre firing e 48 Firing supports e Guide vnes ( set) f e (Guide vne) f e Upstrem guide vnes ( set) (Upstrem guide vne) 51 Downstrem guide vnes ( set) e (Downstrem guide vne) e 52 Csing stiffeners 53 Bse ngles b c d e 32 ISO 2010 All rights reserved

39 Item no. Component prt Tble 8 (continued) A b B b C b D b b c d e f g b c d e f 54 Foot or feet e c 55 Csing drin c 56 Access or inspection door c c 57 Mounting ring (wll flnge) b 58 Mounting lugs b 59 Diphrgm plte f 60 Motor stool b 61 Motor brcket c d 62 Motor rms b f 63 Motor supports 64 Bering pedestl 65 Bering brcket c e 66 Bering stool d 67 Bering supports e c 68 Bsefrme c e 69 Anti-vibrtion mountings c e 70 Combintion bseplte d 71 Motor or other prime mover b c d f g b c d e f 72 Berings c d e c e 73 Shft b c d e f b c d e f 74 Shft extension b c e 75 Shft sel b 76 Cooling disc (or impeller) 77 Fn pulley c c e 78 Motor pulley c c e 79 Drive belt(s) c c e 80 Coupling d 81 Inlet gurd 82 Motor-side gurd b f 83 Impeller-side gurd b f 84 Shft gurd d 85 Drive gurd c c e 86 Coupling gurd d 87 Cooling disc (or cooling impeller) gurd 88 Inlet vne control d Dimensions 1 Fn inlet b c d f g d e 2 Fn outlet b c e f g b d e 3 Impeller tip dimeter b c b c d e f 4 Impeller tip clernce b c d e f 5 Impeller inlet clernce b c e f See Figures 26, 27, 28 nd 29. b See Tble 7. ISO 2010 All rights reserved 33

40 ) Exmple b) Exmple 2 Figure 26 Illustrtions of centrifugl fns (continued) 34 ISO 2010 All rights reserved

41 NOTE See Tbles 7 nd 8. c) Exmple 3 Figure 26 Illustrtions of centrifugl fns ) Exmple 1 Figure 27 Illustrtions of xil-flow fns (continued) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 35

42 b) Exmple c) Exmple d) Exmple 4 Figure 27 Illustrtions of xil-flow fns (continued) 36 ISO 2010 All rights reserved

43 e) Exmple f) Exmple 6 NOTE See Tbles 7 nd 8. Figure 27 Illustrtions of xil-flow fns ISO 2010 All rights reserved 37

44 NOTE See Tbles 7 nd 8. Figure 28 Illustrtions of bifurcted mixed-flow fn NOTE See Tble 8. Figure 29 Illustrtions of cross-flow fn 38 ISO 2010 All rights reserved

45 Key 1 ir curtin unit 2 outlet nozzle 3 ir curtin Flow of ir. Figure 30 Illustrtion of n ir curtin nd ir curtin unit ISO 2010 All rights reserved 39

46 Figure 31 Illustrtion of box fn Flow of ir. Figure 32 Illustrtion of contr-rotting fn 40 ISO 2010 All rights reserved

47 Annex A (informtive) Exmples A.1 Exmple 1 Centrifugl fn The coupling-drive hevy-duty centrifugl fn with impeller between berings is designed for duty of 38 m 3 /s ginst fn pressure of 6,3 kp. The csing should be suitble for supporting the ssocited ducting. Side boxed inlet with vne control nd diffuser on the outlet termintes in flnge to mtch the client's ducting. The csing should be fitted with n inspection door nd be suitble for hndling rdioctive fumes without detectble lekge. Instlltion ctegory Ctegory D 3.4, Figure 1 Type of fn s function of its role Ducted 3.5 Type of fn ccording to fluid pth Centrifugl 3.6 Suitbility for pressure High pressure, Ctegory M/6 5.2, Tble 1 Csing construction Ctegory , Tble 2 Temperture ctegory Gs-tight fn, Ctegory G 5.3.4, Tble 3 Drive rrngement Coxil coupling, rrngement no , Tble 4 Inlet/outlet conditions SD 5.5, Tble 6 Method of fn control Vne control 5.6 Component prts Outlet RD , Figures 20, 21, 22 Inspection door RD 315 Inlet box RD 0 Motor position In-line 5.8, Figure 22 ISO 2010 All rights reserved 41

48 A.2 Exmple 2 Axil-flow fn The belt drive xil-flow fn hs duct-mounted motor for open-inlet, ducted-outlet instlltion with dischrge diffuser. Duty fn pressure is 1,0 kp nd flow rte is 20 m 3 /s t stndrd density. The fn is lso required to operte under emergency conditions, with gs temperture of 300 C for 1 h. There is n inspection door on the csing. Instlltion ctegory Ctegory B 3.4, Figure 1 Type of fn s function of its role Ducted 3.5 Type of fn ccording to fluid pth Axil-flow 3.6 Suitbility for pressure Medium pressure, Ctegory L/2 5.2, Tble 1 Csing construction Ctegory , Tble 2 Temperture ctegory Smoke ventilting fn, Ctegory D (HT/300/1,0) Drive rrngement Belt drive: rrngement no , Tble 5 Inlet/outlet conditions ED 5.5, Tble 6 Method of fn control Vne control 5.6 Component prts Rottion RD 5.7, Figure 18 Inspection door 90 Motor position Motor 0 5.7, Figure ISO 2010 All rights reserved

49 Bibliogrphy [1] ISO 12499, Industril fns Mechnicl sfety of fns Gurding [2] ISO 12759, Fns Efficiency clssifiction for fns 1) [3] ISO , Industril fns Determintion of fn sound power levels under stndrdized lbortory conditions Prt 1: Generl overview [4] ISO , Industril fns Determintion of fn sound power levels under stndrdized lbortory conditions Prt 2: Reverbernt room method [5] ISO , Industril fns Determintion of fn sound power levels under stndrdized lbortory conditions Prt 3: Enveloping surfce methods [6] ISO , Industril fns Determintion of fn sound power levels under stndrdized lbortory conditions Prt 4: Sound intensity method [7] ISO 13348, Industril fns Tolernces, methods of conversion nd technicl dt presenttion [8] ISO 13350, Industril fns Performnce testing of jet fns [9] ISO 14694, Industril fns Specifictions for blnce qulity nd vibrtion levels [10] ISO 14695, Industril fns Method of mesurement of fn vibrtion [11] ISO , Fns Air curtin units Prt 1: Lbortory methods of testing ir curtin units for erodynmic performnce rting [12] ISO , Quntities nd units Prt 1: Generl 1) Under preprtion. ISO 2010 All rights reserved 43