Benefits of HVDC for System Interconnection. Energy Sector

Transcription

1 Benefits of HVDC for System Interconnection Energy Sector Giacomo Cordioli Dietmar Retzmann Karl Uecker E T PS SL/Re MT/Re

2 G lobal Trends CO 2 Reduction Green Energy Megacities Security of Supply E T PS MT/Re

3 Development of Power Systems Extensions of Interconnected Systems Increased Power Exchange among the Interconnected Systems Transmission of large Power Blocks over long Distances (Hydro, Wind * and Solar Energy) Renewable Energy Resources at favorable Locations * * A big big Issue for for Grid Grid Developments in in all all Countries E T PS MT/Re

4 High-Voltage Direct Current HVDC High-Power DC Transmission Systems E T PS SL/Re MT/Re

5 Advanced Power Transmission Systems HVDC High-Voltage DC Transmission: It makes P flow HVDC Classic with 500 kv up to 4,000 MW* HVDC Bulk with 800 kv for 5,000 MW* up to 7,200 MW** HVDC PLUS (Voltage-Sourced Converter VSC) HVDC can be combined with FACTS V-Control included B2B The Short Link 800 kv for minimal Line Transmission Losses HVDC-LDT Long-Distance Transmission Back-to-Back Station Submarine Cable Transmission Long-Distance OHL Transmission AC AC AC AC AC AC DC Cable DC Line * LTT = Light-Triggered Thyristor up to 4 ka ** ETT = Electrically-Triggered Thyristor up to 4.5 ka E T PS MT/Re

6 Options of HVDC Interconnections a) c) Can be connected to long AC Lines b) c) a) Back-to-Back Solution b) HVDC Long-Distance Transmission c) Integration of HVDC into the AC System E T PS MT/Re

7 Stability Functions of FACTS and HVDC a) G ~ ~ P Loads Loads ~ G ~ b) G ~ Loads +/- P G ~ G ~ Loads a) FACTS: Voltage / Load-Flow Control (one Direction only) & POD b) HVDC Back-to-Back or Long-Distance Transmission: Voltage / Bidirectional Power-Flow Control, f-control & POD E T PS SL/Re MT/Re

8 ask 1 ecurity of Power Supply E T PS MT/Re

9 New DC Cable Link Neptune RTS, USA Safe and reliable Power Supply for Megacities: Firewall for Blackout Prevention Customer: End User: Neptune RTS Long Island Power Authority (LIPA) Atlantic Ocean Location: Project Development: Supplier: Transmission: Power Rating: Transmission Dist.: New Jersey: Sayreville Long Island: Duffy Avenue NTP-Date: 07/2005 PAC: 07/2007 Consortium Siemens / Prysmian Sea Cable 500 kv 600/660 MW monopolar 82 km DC Sea Cable 23 km Land Cable E T PS MT/Re

10 Neptune HVDC: 660 MW Full Power Delivery in Trial Operation 2 Weeks ahead of Schedule Blackout in New York City June 27, 2007 New Jersey: Sayreville Neptune HVDC successfully supported Long Island s Power Supply 700,000 Households could be saved 385,000 People without Electricity in Manhattan and Bronx: Subway broke down, Traffic Lights out of Operation up to 1 hour Power Outage Long Island: Duffy Avenue E T PS SL/Re MT/Re

11 ask 2 ustainability of Power Supply E T PS SL/Re MT/Re

12 Basslink HVDC: remote Infeed of Hydro Plants for: Base Load and Pump Storage Green Energy Benefits of HVDC: Clean Energy CO 2 Reduction flexible Plus Wind Power fuzzy 2005 no additional Thermal Plants Cost Reduction Covering Base and Peak-Load Demands E T PS SL/Re E T PS MT/Re

13 Sustainability in Transmission HVDC in India: East-South Interconnector and Ballia-Bhiwadi DC versus AC x 3-ph AC 400 kv 1 x +/- 500 kv * 2,500 MW India 800 km Example of HVDC Ballia-Bhiwadi: Reduction in CO 2 : 688,000 tons p.a. through 37 % less Transmission Losses at* 1,450 km 2003 too long for 400 kv AC 2,000 MW E T PS SL/Re MT/Re

14 Siemens received an Order for the World s first 800 kv UHV DC in China Southern Power Grid 1,418 Km 5,000 MW +/- 800 kv DC Commercial Operation: 2009 Pole Pole 2 Yunnan-Guangdong Reduction in CO 2 versus local Power Supply with Energy-Mix 32.9 m tons p.a. by using Hydro Energy and HVDC for Transmission E T PS MT/Re

15 World s biggest and longest 800 kv UHV DC Transmission Project State Grid Corporation of China Siemens received an Order for the Fulong Converter Station HVDC Transformers & Thyristor Valves with new 6-inch Thyristors Leshan Sichuan Power Grid Chongqing Xiangjiaba-Shanghai Wuhan Shanghai Nanhui Xiangjiaba Xiluodu left Xiluodu right Xiangjiaba Xiluodu left Xiluodu right Xiluodu-Zhuzhou 970km Xiluodu-Zhexi Changsha Zhuzhou 1728km Zhexi 2,071 Km 6,400 MW +/- 800 kv DC Commercial Operation: 2011 Guangdong Reduction in CO 2 versus local Power Supply with Energy-Mix 41 m tons p.a. by using Hydro Energy and HVDC for Transmission E T PS SL/Re MT/Re

16 More Power out of the Grid plus CO 2 Reduction Prospects of Grid Extension and System Interconnection E T PS SL/Re MT/Re

17 HVDC & FACTS Overview of Functions & Ranking Principle Devices Scheme Impact on System Performance Load Flow Stability Voltage Quality Influence: * no or low small medium strong * Based on Studies & practical Experience ** = SVC PLUS Variation of the Line Impedance: Series Compensation Voltage Control: Shunt Compensation FSC (Fixed Series Compensation) TPSC (Thyristor Protected Series Compensation) TCSC (Thyristor Controlled Series Compensation) MSC/R (Mechanically Switched Capacitor / Reactor) SVC (Static Var Compensator) STATCOM ** (Static Synchronous Compensator) E T PS SL/Re Load-Flow Control HVDC B2B, LDT HVDC PLUS VSC UPFC (Unified Power Flow Controller) E T PS MT/Re

18 HVDC & FACTS Overview of Functions & Ranking System A System B System C System D System E System F Risk Barrier Risk of Spread of Voltage Collapse Barrier ** Classic or PLUS Power Flow Control of Voltage Limitation of Faults SCP * Power Swing Damping Spread of Voltage Collapse HVDC LDT ** B2B ** GPFC FACTS TCSC SVC** SVC** SCCL Barrier Barrier Risk * SCP = Short-Circuit Power (System MVA) E T PS SL/Re MT/Re

19 China: over 104 GW * of additional HVDC Transmission Capacity are expected between 2008 and Hami C. China 800 kv, 6400 MW, Xiangjiaba Shanghai 800 kv, 6400 MW, Xiluodu Hangzhou 800 kv, 6400 MW, Xiluodu Guangdong 800 kv, 6400 MW, Jinsha River II East China 800 kv, 6400 MW, Jingping Sunan 800 kv, 7200 MW, Jinsha River II East China 800 kv, 6400 MW, Jinsha River II Fujian 800 kv, 6400 MW, Nuozhadu Guangdong 800 kv, 5000 MW, Jinghong Thailand 3000 MW, Yunnan Guangdong 800 kv, 5000 MW, 2009 Xinjiang Qinghai Xizang Gansu Bangkok Sichuan & Chongqing Yunnan 10 Inrfar Mongolia Ningxia Heilongjiang 17 Henan Jiangsu Shaanxi Anhuj 2 Shanghai Hubai 3 Jiangxi 19 5 Zheijang 6 7 Guizhou Fujian Guangdong Taiwan 9 Guangxi E T PS SL/Re MT/Re Hunan Hainan 12 Jilin 14 Liaoning 13 Beijing Tianjin Hebei Shanxi Shandong 12. Hulunbeir Shenyang 500 kv, 3000 MW, B2B NE North (Gaoling) 500 kv, 1500 MW, Humeng Jinan (Shandong) 800 kv, 6400 MW, North Shaanxi Shandong 500 kv, 3000 MW, Ningxia Shandong 660 kv, 2 x 4000 MW, Baoji Deyang 500 kv, 3000 MW, Mongolia Beijing 660 kv, 4000 MW, Xiluodu Hunan 660 kv, 4000 MW, Irkutsk (Russia) Beijing 800 kv, 6400 MW, 2015 * Options for further Projects > 7 GW

20 The Vision: DC Energy Highway why not in Europe too? Connecting: Wind Power Hydro Plants Solar Fields Conclusions E E T T PS PS MT/Re SL/Re