Grid Access: Leistungselektronik macht Grüne Energie netzverträglich Niedersächsische Energietage Fachforum

Transcription

1 Grid Access: Leistungselektronik macht Grüne Energie netzverträglich Niedersächsische Energietage Fachforum Dietmar Retzmann E T PS S/Re

2 Focus on O 2 Reduction Green Energy Megacities Security of Supply E T PS S/Re

3 Greenland Melt-Down has accelerated Pictures of the Future? Accelerated Greenland Melt-Down North of Germany after Sea-Level Rise by 100 m Sea-Level Rise from Ice-Melting and thermal Expansion: : +18 +/-5 cm per 100 Years : +31 +/-8 cm per 100 Years Possible Maximum Value as Worst-ase Business-As-Usual Scenario Source: Gregory et al., Nature (2004) Source: "An End to Global Warming, L.O. Williams, Elsevier E T PS S/Re

4 Blackout in large A Systems a big Risk No Blackout in Québec! Blackout: a large Area is out of Supply Security of Power Supply HVD protected Québec Québec s HVDs assist in Power Supply and System Restoration However, some Islands still have local Supply Before the Blackout Source: EPRI E T PS S/Re

5 European Power System Disturbance on 4th November 2006 At 21:38, both ircuits of a 400 kv Line in the Northern German Grid were switched-off in order to allow a large Ship to pass the Ems River n-2! At around 22:10, the whole Europe was affected and UTE split into 3 Islands Source: UTE Final Report E T PS S/Re

6 Voltage Phase-Angle Difference: a) normal ondition & b) shortly before System Separation b) a) Source: 5. ELES Slovenia & Information Session, 28 Nov Stuttgart, Germany E T PS S/Re

7 The Solution: Transmission of Windmill Power by means of HVD from Area 2 to Area 1 and Area 3 The Problem Power from Over- Frequency Area 2 to both Under- Frequency Areas E T PS S/Re

8 G lobal Trends on Power Markets E T PS S/Re

9 Development of Power Systems Extensions of Interconnected Systems Increased Power Exchange among the Interconnected Systems Transmission of large Power Blocks over long Distances (Hydro, Wind * and Solar Energy) Renewable Energy Resources at favorable Locations * * A big Issue for Grid Developments in all ountries E T PS S/Re

10 Regenerative Energy Sources and Dispersed Generation Impact on the whole T&D Grid Structure Tomorrow: Today: G G G G G G G G H G G G Load Flow will be fuzzy H G H E T PS S/Re 10 Use of Dispersed Generation E T PS S/Re

11 EU s Vision: Prospects of Smart Grids * Flexible: fulfilling ustomers Needs whilst responding to the hanges and hallenges ahead Accessible: granting onnection Access to all Network Users, particularly for RES and high efficiency local Generation with zero or low arbon Emissions Reliable: assuring and improving Security and Quality of Supply Economic: providing best Value through Innovation, efficient Energy Management and Level playing Field ompetition and Regulation * Source: European Technology Platform SmartGrids Vision and Strategy for Europe s Electricity Networks of the Future; 2006, Luxembourg, Belgium E T PS S/Re

12 Prospects of Smart Grids: e-mobility Revolution in the Power Grid: Individual electric Mobility E T PS S/Re

13 Status of Photovoltaics (PV) in Germany * New Installations Installed PV apacity Installed apacities 2010: 17 GW For omparison: installed Wind Power **: MW Load in Germany: minimum 1 40 GW peak 2 80 GW 27 GW * Bundesverband Solarwirtschaft e.v. (BSW-Solar), 2010/2011 1/2 ENTSO-E monthly Statistics, 04/ ** EWEA (European Wind Energy Association), Wind in power European statistics, February 2010 & E T PS S/Re

14 Installed Wind Power: Europe, from 2009 to GW Source: EWEA (European Wind Energy Association), Wind in power 2010 European statistics, February E T PS S/Re Power Transmission Power Solutions Transmission Solutions

15 EWEA s 2030 Offshore Grid Vision * Status 2009/2010 urrently existing urrently planned * Under Study * * or under onstruction EWEA Recommended Grids by 2020 EWEA Recommended Grids by 2030 Under Study (EWEA recommended) Benefits of Offshore Multiterminal: Use of Green Energy Mix Sharing of Reserve apacity Pow er Exchange by Sea able No Increase in Shor t -ircuit Power E T PS E T S/Re PS S/Re PTS

16 Prospects of Grid Developments: Micro Grid L (autonomous) Smart Grid Super Grid L L A L L A G L L A G L S L L L L L L L G L G Storage G + S + L A ell Agent Generation Smart, controlled Loads ell Virtual Power Plant L L A E T PS S/Re E T PS S/Re Power Transmission Solutions A G S L D G A L Bulk Power A/D Energy Highway PTS

17 Green Energy: Prospects of Solar Power from Deserts Solar Power ollector Areas for Electricity Demand of: Middle-East and North Africa Source: TRE Trans-Mediterranean Renewable Energy ooperation E T PS S/Re

18 and DESERTE, the Super Grid Source: DESERTE Foundation An Initiative of the lub of Rome Siemens has a commitment in the Desertec Industrial Initiative (DII). The objective of this initiative is to develop over the mid-term a technical and economic concept for solar power from Africa. Work will also focus on the clarification of legal and political issues E T PS S/Re

19 Solutions for Super Grid Technologies Smart Grid Technologies E T PS S/Re

20 ontrol Features of FATS and HVD a) G Loads FATS lassic P Loads G b) G G FATS VS lassic or VS +/- P Loads Loads G POD: Power Oscillation Damping a) FATS: Voltage / Load-Flow ontrol (one Direction only) & POD b) HVD Back-to-Back or Long-Distance Transmission: Voltage / Bidirectional Power-Flow ontrol, f-ontrol & POD E T PS S/Re

21 SV Radsted DK makes Wind Power feasible More Wind Power less O 2 Emissions by providing Voltage Support for the fuzzy Wind Farms installed in a very weak A System E T PS S/Re

22 Benefits of SV Radsted Denmark and even more in Future Reduction in O 2 174,000 tons p.a. by using Wind Power and SV for Voltage Support E T PS S/Re

23 Basslink HVD from Bottlenecks to a Smart and flexible Grid Energy Mix in Australia: Hydro Plants Wind Farms Thermal Plants and HVD 2006 Benefits of HVD lean & Low ost Energy over long Distance suitable for Peak Load Demand Improvement in Power Quality Improvement in local Infrastructures E T PS S/Re

24 Basslink HVD: remote Infeed of Hydro Plants for: Base Load and Pump Storage Green Energy Benefits of HVD: lean Energy O 2 Reduction flexible Plus Wind Power fuzzy no additional Thermal Plants ost Reduction overing Base and Peak-Load Demands E T PS S/Re E T PS S/Re

25 HVD PLUS: Trans Bay able Project, USA Security of Supply for San Francisco Area Transmission onstraints before TB 2010 Transmission onstraints after TB Elimination of Transmission Bottlenecks Energy Exchange by Sea able No Increase in Short -ircuit Power P 400 MW Q +/ MVAr Dynamic Voltage Support E T PS S/Re

26 Europe The HVD Portfolio is growing Storebælt ust om er: Energinet.dk System Dat a: Rat i n g 600 MW Volt age 400 kv D Thyristor 8 kv LTT able Length 56 km 2010 BritNed ust om er: BritNed Developm. Ltd. System Dat a: Rat i n g 2 x 500 MW Volt age ± 450 kv Thyristor 8 kv LTT able Length 260 km 2011 Pow er Exchange by Sea able Sharing of Reserve apacity No Increase in Shor t -ircuit Power E T PS S/Re

27 Storebælt: Station Herslev D Yard MW E T PS S/Re

28 Europe Elimination of Bottlenecks with HVD Black Sea B2B 2013 ust om er: Energotrans Ltd. System Dat a: Rat i n g 2 x 350 MW Volt age 96 kv D Thyristor 8 kv LTT INELFE ust om er: RTE and REE World s 1 st VS HVD with 2 x 1,000 MW V D +/- 320 kv able: XLPE, 65 km 2013 Pow er Exchange & Increase in Stability Sharing of Reserve apacity No Increase in Shor t -ircuit Power E T PS S/Re

29 Europe Elimination of Bottlenecks with HVD ust om er: Fingrid, FIN / Elering, EST EstLink 2, Finland-Estonia System Dat a: Rat i n g 670 MW Voltage 450 kv D Thyristor 8 kv LTT Transmission: 145 km Submarine able, 14 km OHL, 12 km Land able 2014 Pow er Exchange & Increase in Stability Sharing of Reserve apacity No Increase in Shor t -ircuit Power E T PS S/Re

30 and Worldwide Benefits of HVDs Bangladesh B2B WATL Western Alberta Transmission Link ust om er: Power Grid ompany of Bangladesh Ltd. System Data: Rating 500 MW Voltage 158 kv D Thyristor 8 kv LTT ust om er: AltaLink System Data: Rating 1,000 MW Voltage 500 kv D Thyristor 8 kv LTT OHL 400 km Pow er Exchange & Increase in Stability Sharing of Reserve apacity No Increase in Shor t -ircuit Power E T PS S/Re

31 HVD in hina: from Smart to Bulk Power Transmission E T PS S/Re

32 HVD Long-Distance Transmission Gui-Guang I Example of HVD lassic 3,000 MW E T PS S/Re

33 2 x 800 kv UHV D in hina Southern Power Grid ommercial Operation Yunnan-Guangdong: Dec Pole 1 June 2010 Pole 2 World s first 800 kv Bulk Power UHV D Transmission System 5,000 MW Yunnan-Guangdong 1,418 km +/- 2 x 800 +/- 800 kv D kv D Reduction in O 2 Nuozhadu-Guangdong 2012: +/- 400 kv 5,000 MW 2013: +/- 800 kv 1,451 km Return to Sustainability versus local Power Supply with Energy Mix 2 x 33 m tons p.a. by using Hydro Power and HVD for Transmission E T PS S/Re

34 Yunnan-Guangdong from 3D Models E T PS S/Re

35 to Reality: Sending Station huxiong World s first 800 kv UHV D 5,000 MW 2009/2010 Example of HVD Bulk E T PS S/Re

36 Yunnan-Guangdong UHV D Valve Halls 800 kv D 800 kv D 2 x 400 kv D E T PS S/Re

37 Yunnan-Guangdong: UHV D Inauguration Pole 2 World s highest bipolar D Power * ever transmitted with 4 Valve Groups, 2010, June 18 * 4,000 MW * More Hydro Power was not available at that Time E T PS S/Re PTS World s first 800 kv Bulk Power UHV D Transmission System E T PS S/Re

38 Yunnan-Guangdong UHV D onverter 800 kv D E T PS S/Re

39 Yunnan-Guangdong 800 kv D Line E T PS S/Re

40 800 kv D Towers E T PS S/Re

41 PEBBs* for High Voltage: HVD & SV PLUS HVD PLUS The Advanced VS HVD *Power Electronic Building Blocks Innovation Meets Experience SV PLUS The Advanced STATOM Future Molding Technologies, focused on Green Energy and O 2 Reduction E T PS S/Re

42 Solutions for Grid Access: A and D with SV PLUS and HVD PLUS 33 kv A 33 kv A 132 kv A 132 kv A 320 kv D 33 kv A HVD PLUS SV PLUS HVD PLUS 132 kv A E T PS S/Re

43 The Evolution of VS Technology Topologies: Tw o-level Three-Level Multilevel GTO / IGT IGBT in PP IGBT Module Power Electronic Devices: E T PS S/Re

44 Power Quality for A & D Systems HVD with VS HVD PLUS E T PS S/Re

45 HVD PLUS: Trans Bay able Project, USA E T PS S/Re

46 HVD PLUS: Trans Bay able Project, USA E T PS S/Re

47 HVD PLUS: Trans Bay able Project, USA E T PS S/Re

48 HVD PLUS Options for onverter Modules and Building Arrangements A highly flexible Design E T PS S/Re

49 Grid Access of Green Energy with HVD PLUS: WIPOS Advanced self-lifting Offshore Platform Layout E T PS S/Re

50 HVD PLUS and WIPOS : SylWin1, Germany World s first Offshore MM with 864 MW and BorWin2 & HelWin1 The Siemens Wind Power Offshore Substation (WIPOS) is designed as a floating, selflifting Platform The Platform will be towed by Tugs to its Destination at Sea, where the Water is about 40 meters deep 800 MW V D +/- 300 kv 2013 BorWin V D +/- 320 kv SylWin1 HelWin MW V D +/- 250 kv 576 MW A large heavy-duty rane Vessel is not needed to lift the Topside onto its Foundation The Modular Multilevel VS Technology (MM) reduces 50 omplexity and therefore the Space required for Installation E T PS S/Re

51 SV PLUS The Advanced STATOM Innovation Meets Experience Applications of MM Technology (Modular Multilevel onverter) Single Units: S: +/- 25 MVAr M: +/- 35 MVAr L: +/- 50 MVAr Up to 4 parallel Units: +/- 200 MVAr E T PS S/Re

52 SV PLUS: the Advanced STATOM 24 Systems in 13 T & D Projects Rating: Source: UTE up Interim to +/-Report 200 MVAr Dynamic Voltage Support E T PS S/Re

53 SV PLUS A View of the Technology ooling System onverter ontrol & Protection E T PS S/Re

54 SV PLUS quite easy to relocate E T PS S/Re

55 Single Line Diagram of SV PLUS in omparison with SV lassic SV lassic 3A 50Hz 132kV SV SV PLUS 3A 50Hz 132kV S N 35 MVA, u k 10 % 3A 50Hz 7.1kV S N 35 MVA, u k 10 % 3A 50Hz 11kV L TR1 2 L TR1 2 STF 1 TR 1 Variable Impedance STATOM Static Synchronous ompensator with Multilevel ontrolled Voltage Source E T PS S/Re

56 From Power Module to onverter the Multilevel Voltage Generation v v Power Module with D apacitor E T PS S/Re

57 Grid Access of Green Energy with SV PLUS: Thanet, UK 2 SV PLUS Systems for 300 MW Wind Farm 2009 SV PLUS: 2 x PLUS M in parallel 132 kv / 13.9 kv E T PS S/Re

58 Grid Access of Green Energy: Thanet, UK Offshore Platform E T PS S/Re

59 Grid Access of Green Energy with SV PLUS: Greater Gabbard, UK 3 SV PLUS Systems SV PLUS: 3 x PLUS L in parallel 132 kv / 13.9 kv SV PLUS: 4 x PLUS L in parallel 150 kv / 13.9 kv 2011 and London Array 2010 World s largest Offshore Wind Farm 630 MW & Upgrade up to 1 GW E T PS S/Re

60 Power Quality for Wind Farm Grid Access 2 SV PLUS Systems: LINS 250 MW ENTRIA, UK 70 Wind Turbines located 8 km off the oast of Skegness, UK SV PLUS: 2 x PLUS L in parallel 132 kv / 13.9 kv E T PS S/Re

61 Power Quality for Wind Farm Grid Access LINS 250 MW A Jacket going into the Sea Bed E T PS S/Re

62 Power Quality in High Voltage A Systems: 2 SV PLUS Systems Kikiwa Project, South Island, New Zealand SV PLUS: 2 x PLUS M in parallel 220 kv / 11 kv Dynamic Voltage Support during and after A Line Faults (Voltage Dip ompensation) E T PS S/Re

63 Power Quality for Industrial Systems SV PLUS, ThyssenKrupp, Mobile ounty, Alabama, USA SV PLUS for a new Steel Plant 1 x PLUS Open Rack Solution Flicker ompensation E T PS S/Re

64 onclusions: Prospects of Smart and Bulk Power Transmission Technologies E T PS S/Re

65 E T PS S/Re Integration of large Offshore Wind Farms into the Main Grid the German Prospects E T PS S/Re E T PS S/Re VS HVD for Onshore Grid Access & Offshore D Multiterminal HVD lassic for Load & Generation Reserve Sharing

66 The Vision: D Energy Highway why not in Europe too? onnecting: Wind Power Hydro Plants Solar Fields FOSG* Thank You for Your Attention! * Friends of the Supergrid Medgrid Desertec E T E PS T PS S/Re S/Re