Offshore Wind: Grid Connection & Technology Options. Dietmar Retzmann Focus on. CO 2 Reduction Green Energy Megacities Security of Supply

Transcription

1 Offshore Wind: Grid Connection & Technology Options Dietmar Retzmann E T PS S/Re Focus on CO 2 Reduction Green Energy Megacities Security of Supply E T PS S/Re 1

2 EWEA s 2030 Offshore Grid Vision 350 GW 2030: Up to of Wind Power! Source: European Wind Energy Association (EWEA) 2009/2010 Currently existing * Currently planned * Under Study * * as of 2009/2010 EWEA Recommended Grids by 2020 EWEA Recommended Grids by 2030 Under Study (EWEA recommended) Benefits of Offshore DC Multiterminal: Use of Green Energy Mix Sharing of Reserve Capacity Power Exchange by Sea Cable No Increase in Short-Circuit Power E T PS E T S/Re PS S/Re PTS Green Energy needs Grid Enhancement HVDC Example of Germany Strengthening the AC Grid with DC Overlay Grid Source: DENA Study II Nov E T PS S/Re 2

3 Solutions for Grid Access: AC and DC with SVC PLUS and HVDC PLUS 33 kv AC 33 kv AC 33 kv AC 132 kv AC HVDC PLUS 132 kv AC 320 kv DC SVC PLUS HVDC PLUS DC Solution for Grid Access AC Solution for Grid Access 132 kv AC E T PS S/Re HVDC PLUS: Trans Bay Cable Project, USA Energy Project of the Year American Society of Civil Engineers, Region 9; Sacramento, 9th March 2011 Elimination of Transmission Bottlenecks P = 400 MW Q = +/ MVAr Dynamic Voltage Support E T PS S/Re 3

4 Benefits of HVDC in Western and Eastern-Europe Black Sea B2B 2013 Customer: Energotrans Ltd. System Data: Rating 2 x 350 MW Voltage 96 kv DC Thyristor 8 kv LTT INELFE Customer: RTE and REE World s 1 st VSC HVDC with 2 x 1,000 MW V DC = +/- 320 kv Cable: XLPE, 65 km 2013 Power Exchange & Increase in Stability Sharing of Reserve Capacity No Increase in Short-Circuit Power E T PS S/Re HVDC PLUS The Advanced VSC HVDC Innovation Meets Experience SVC PLUS The Advanced STATCOM Future Molding Technologies, focused on Green Energy and CO 2 Reduction E T PS S/Re 4

5 From Power Module to Converter: Multilevel Voltage Generation Example ofsvc PLUS v v Power Module with DC Capacitor E T PS S/Re Power Quality for AC & DC Systems HVDC with VSC HVDC PLUS E T PS S/Re 5

6 HVDC PLUS The Smart Way HVDC PLUS One Step ahead Compact Modular Design Lower Space Requirements Advanced VSC Technology E T PS E S/Re T PS S/Re Power HVDC PLUS with MMC Basic Scheme Converter Arm Power Module Electronics (PME) PM 1 PM 1 PM 1 PM 2 PM 2 PM 2 Power Module (PM) PM n PM n PM n Converter Reactors V d u d PM 1 PM 1 PM 1 IGBT1 D1 PM 2 PM 2 PM 2 IGBT2 D2 PM n PM n PM n Phase Unit E T PS S/Re 6

7 HVDC PLUS Options for Converter Modules and Building Arrangements A highly flexible Design E T PS S/Re Onshore Station Layout Example 400 MW, +/- 200 kv Converter Hall Converter Reactors DC Switchyard Cable Sealing End 90 m 130 m DC Chopper AC Busbars Converter Transformer 3-Phase / ODAN Converter AC Yard, Insertion Resistors Neutral Reactors Control & Protection Auxiliaries, Spares E T PS S/Re 7

8 HVDC PLUS and WIPOS : SylWin1, Germany World s first Offshore MMC with 864 MW, BorWin2 and HelWin1&2 WIPOS Siemens Wind Power Offshore Substation Siemens offers a Family of WIPOS Designs with the Flexibility to meet a Variety of Offshore Weather, Tide, and Seabed Conditions with three main Configurations: WIPOS self-lifting Solution WIPOS Topside Solution (Topside/Jacket) WIPOS floating Solution /- 300 kv 800 MW BorWin /- 250 kv 576 MW HelWin1 +/- 320 kv MW SylWin /- 320 kv 690 MW HelWin2 = ~ = = ~ = = ~ = = ~ = The Modular Multilevel Converter Technology (MMC) reduces Complexity 15 and therefore the Space required 15 for Installation E T PS S/Re SVC PLUS The Advanced STATCOM Innovation Meets Experience Applications of MMC Technology (Modular Multilevel Converter) Single Units: S: +/- 25 MVAr M: +/- 35 MVAr L: +/- 50 MVAr Up to 4 parallel Units: +/- 200 MVAr E T PS S/Re 8

9 Single Line Diagram of SVC PLUS in Comparison with SVC Classic SVC Classic SVC SVC PLUS STATCOM = Static Synchronous Compensator with Multilevel Variable Impedance Controlled Voltage Source E T PS S/Re SVC PLUS: the Advanced STATCOM 30 Systems in 15 T & D Projects Rating: Source: UCTE up Interim to +/-Report 200 MVAr Dynamic Voltage Support E T PS S/Re 9

10 Grid Access of Green Energy with SVC PLUS: Thanet, UK 2 SVC PLUS Systems for 300 MW Wind Farm 2009 SVC PLUS: 2 x PLUS M in parallel 132 kv / 13.9 kv E T PS S/Re Grid Access of Green Energy: Thanet, UK Offshore Platform E T PS S/Re 10

11 Grid Access of Green Energy with SVC PLUS: Greater Gabbard, UK 3 SVC PLUS Systems SVC PLUS: 3 x PLUS L in parallel 132 kv / 13.9 kv SVC PLUS: 4 x PLUS L in parallel 150 kv / 13.9 kv 2011 and London Array 2010 World s largest Offshore Wind Farm 630 MW & Upgrade up to 1 GW E T PS S/Re Grid Access of Green Energy with SVC PLUS: Greater Gabbard, UK Leiston Onshore Substation E T PS S/Re 11

12 Inner Gabbard Substation Sailing out 24 th September, E T PS S/Re Inner Gabbard Substation well arrived and lifted into Position E T PS S/Re E T PS S/Re 12

13 Power Quality for Wind Farm Grid Access 2 SVC PLUS Systems: LINCS 250 MW CENTRICA, UK 70 Wind Turbines located 8 km off the Coast of Skegness, UK SVC PLUS: 2 x PLUS L in parallel 132 kv / 13.9 kv E T PS S/Re Power Quality for Wind Farm Grid Access LINCS 250 MW AC Jacket going into the Sea Bed E T PS S/Re 13

14 Implementation of a Bulk Power GIL-Installation: GIL-Project with 400 kv at Kelsterbach, Germany Site View: Status June 2009 Site View: Status October 2009 Laying Process: Pushing the GIL Element by Element and Phase by Phase 2010 GIL vs. Cable 2 Systems 4 Systems Same Costs Customer: Amprion Location: Airport Frankfurt Award of Contract: July 2008 Installation: first directly buried GIL Transmission Capacity: 2 x 1,800 MVA Length of GIL: appr. 1 km Gas for Insulation: 80% N2, 20%SF E T PS S/Re Conclusions: Prospects of Smart and Bulk Power Transmission Technologies E T PS S/Re 14

15 Solutions for Smart & Bulk Power Transmission Solutions with Overhead Lines High-Voltage DC Transmission: HVDC Classic with 500 kv (HV) / 660 kv (EHV) 3 to 4 GW HVDC Bulk with 800 kv (UHV) 5 GW to 7.6 GW For Comparison:HVDC PLUS (VSC) 1,100 MVA AC Transmission: 400 kv (HV) / 500 kv AC (EHV) 1.5 / 2 GVA 800 kv AC (EHV) 3GVA 1,000 kv AC (UHV) 6 to 8 GVA Note: Power 1 System 3, Power Bipole +/- Option UHV DC 1,100 kv: 10 GW The Winner is HVDC! Solutions with DC Cables * * Distances over 80 km: AC Cables too complex 500 / 600 kv DC per Cable, Mass Impregnated: 1 GW to 2GW (actual - prospective) ** Reference: Bowmanville, Canada, Siemens Solutions with GIL Gas Insulated Lines *** Reference: Huanghe Laxiwa Hydropower Station, China, CGIT (USA) 400 kv AC (HV) 1.8 GVA / 2.3 GVA (directly buried / Tunnel or Outdoor) 500 kv AC (EHV) 2.3 GVA / 2.9 GVA (directly buried / Tunnel or Outdoor) 550 kv AC (EHV) Substation: Standard 3.8 GVA / Special 7.6 GVA ** kv AC (EHV) Tunnel: E 5.6 T PS GVA S/Re*** The Vision: DC Energy Highway why not in Europe too? Connecting: Wind Power Hydro Plants Solar Fields Thank You for Your Attention! SEATEC DESERTEC E T E PS T PS S/Re S/Re 15