Creation of vertically-integrated production facilities of photovoltaic products.

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1 Creation of vertically-integrated production facilities of photovoltaic products. «Production expansion of high-efficiency bifacial solar cells and solar modules using single crystal silicon as a raw material» Moscow June 1, 2009

2 World Market 30% rate of annual solar cells production growing during the last 10 years. 27 billion US$ of total income and 6.2 billion US$ of net profit in In 2008 the total volume of pv production in the world exceeded 5900 MWp. The total income was 37.1 billion US$.

3 Russian market Growing of electricity production, Bln.KW h Realistic Optimistic Decree of Government of RF N 1-р of By 2020 the following target value of electricity production volume is defined (except hydro power plants more than 25 MW): In ,5 %; In ,5 %; In ,5 %. In Russia the value of average insolation is 1250 KWh/m 2 per year. Taking into account of solar modules efficiency (SM) the electricity production amounts to 210 KWh from 1 square meter per year. The peak power of SM of 1 m 2 square is 0,17 kw. It takes 1.3 kg polysilicon to produce solar module. Years Realistic Bln. kw h Optimistic., Bln. kw h Renewables, Bln. kw h Solar energy, Bln. kw h(part of renewables) Production volume, MWp (5%) 2,5 (7,5%) 7 (10%) Production volume of polysilicon, ton In order to fulfill the program of Government by 2020 it takes to produce tons of polysilicon and solar power systems of total capacity 5600 MWp.

4 Our possibilities. The production of high quality metallurgic silicon in ore-smelting furnace using KNOW HOW direct current arc allows to decrease the power consumption and achieve higher quality. Patented. The production of polysilicon (PolySi) using chlorine free alkoxysilane Technology (CFA process) allows to decrease the prime cost in two times. Patented. KNOW HOW The production of single crystal silicon according to standard technology using standard equipment. The production of silicon wafers according to standard technology using standard equipment. The production of bifacial solar cells from silicon wafers both p and n type using the unique technology. Patented. Know-how. KNOW HOW The production of bifacial solar modules of high reproducibility. Life cycle is 25 years. The production of solar power systems. The experience in installation of solar power systems up to 500KWp in Russia and abroad. The production of solar tracker with concentrator. KNOW HOW KNOW HOW These advantages allow to create closed cycle production facilities and manufacture high quality products in shortest time.

5 All produces solar cells from both p- and n-type wafers are bifacial ones therefore are transparent for infrared solar rays. It means that they are lesser heated by sun and can provide higher energy production. Solar Cells I-V curve of typical mm solar cell 1- front side, 25 C 2- front side, 60 C 3- front side, NOCT (41 С) 4- backside, 25 C

6 Processing route for solar cells production chemical treatment of silicon wafers doping agents deposition diffusion annealing silicate glasses removing contacts burn in contacts screen printing SiNx deposition laser edge cutting measuring and sorting of solar cells ready made solar cells

7 Solar Modules Our company produces a wide range of framed solar modules from 6 to 240 Wp nominal power, both monofacial and bifacial. Our company is also ready to make frameless and other non-standard solar modules by special order. Lifetime of solar modules is not less than 20 years while peak power decreases must not exceed 20%. Warranty for manufacturing defects is 2 years. 1- front side, 25 C 2- front side, 60 C 3- front side, NOCT (41 С) 4- backside, 25 C

8 Processing route for solar modules production strings soldering strings soldering scheme completion lamination test of ready made modules junction box assembling module assembling

9 Forecast of technology development for solar cells 18% 350 мкм 17% мкм 16% мкм 15% 14% мкм 13% 150 мкм 12% 100 мкм 11% 50 мкм 10% мкм Источник: EPIA Wafer thickness, µm (=мкм) Efficiency, %

10 R&D program Increasing of specific and life cycle parameters of solar cells and modules Solar cells Solar modules Eff. Thickness Bifaciality Power per area Lifetime Phase yr. Phase yr. Phase yr. 17.0% 200±20 µm 60% 143 Wp/sq.m 25 year 19.0% 180±20 µm 70% 160 Wp/sq.m 25 year 21.0% 160±20 µm 80% 177 Wp/sq.m 30 year

11 The program of cost reduction of solar energy. Our company constantly works on increase efficiency and life cycle of solar cells and solar modules. We are planning to produce solar cells of 21% efficiency and 80% rate of bifaciality by We expect that the life cycle of solar modules will be 30 years by As a result of this program implementation we expect the significant cost reduction of energy output. Spain Germany Krasnodar Krasnoyarsk Irkutsk The average specific energy output 1400 kwh/kwp 900 kwh/kwp 1125 kwh/kwp 1030 kwh/kwp 1115 kwh/kwp The cost of grid connected power system 6 Euro/Wp 6 Euro/Wp 6 Euro/Wp 6 Euro/Wp 6 Euro/Wp The cost of power system before the program implementation 0,23 Euro/kWh 0,34 Euro/kWh 0,30 Euro/kWh 0,32 Euro/kWh 0,30 Euro/kWh The cost of power system after the program implementation 0,07 Euro/kWh 0,11 Euro/kWh 0,09 Euro/kWh 0,10 Euro/kWh 0,09 Euro/kWh

12 Completed projects 500 kwp grid-connected solar power system (Germany, Sachsen). The system had been completed in May 2006

13 Completed projects 8.4 kwp PV system for mobile telephony base station on mountain Tchubataya (Krasnodar region) 10.8 kwp stand-alone PV system for mobile telephony base station on Lagonaki plateau (Krasnodar region) PV-powered lighting of road cross-walk and road signs PV-powered lighting of bus-stop shelter

14 Completed projects Light tower (Novorossiysk) Flashlight (Temryuk) PV system for flashlights on an electric power pylon over Amur river The automated ice force and wind load monitoring system (AIF&WLMS) on kv aerial power lines

15 The New Project

16 Beginning at 1996, Solar Wind Ltd exports its PV production to many countries of the world United Kingdom GERMANY Italy Greece Israel Sakartvelo Spain Uzbekistan Canada Korea USA ROSSIA Mexico Thailand Presentation of Solar Wind s module in Venezuela Argentina Bolivia SAR Australia

17 Bifacial PV cells Solar Wind Ltd is one of the best among the world producers of bifacial PV cells and modules. The bifaciality factor reaches 90% Concentrator-tracker TRAXLE Peak power 2.8 kwp (4 modules 175 Wp) Additional energy output against standard systems [kwh] + 300%

18 Comparison of energy yield by common (monofacial) solar modules and bifacial modules made by Solar Wind Ltd Adlershof, Berlin, Germany. 6 kwp gridconnected solar power system, where 3 kwp are monofacial modules and 3 kwp are bifacial modules.

19 Arguments for R&D program Bifacial PV modules on concentrator-tracker yield 60% of additional energy output. Energy output comparison (15 oct, Praha) monofacial fixed monofacial, on tracker bifacial, fixed bifacial, on tracker

20 Solar Wind bifacial PV modules on the ridge concentrator-trackers From the beginning of 2009 more than 600 kwp of bifacial PV modules have been installed on trackers.

21 Pilot production plant 60 MWp/year. Ingots slicing PV cells production PV modules production 6 slicing machines automatic production line automatic production line 500 t 60 MWp

22 Резюме The Russian company Solar Wind produces bifacial solar cells and solar modules of 5 MWp annual capacity. The quality of the products correspond to the world level and some of theirs characteristics exceed it. Solar Wind is an exclusive company which has series production of bifacial solar cells and solar modules. Together with special trackers it allows to increase the daily energy output on 60% comparing with single sided solar modules. If our bifacial solar modules work with concentrator trackers the daily energy output can be three times more and higher. The above-mentioned facts allow to say that it s possible to achieve the cost of kwh of solar modules which is competitive with others types of energy sources.

23 Thanks for Attention!