off-grid Solutions Security of supply Basics: Off-grid energy supply

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1 RENEWABLE OFF-GRID ENERGY COMPLETE off-grid POWER solutions

2 off-grid Power with AEG Power Solutions Security of supply Getting renewable energy to two billion people living in the world s poorest countries must be a global priority. A clean secure power supply is an absolutely critical part of this mammoth task. If we are to stop global warming, political thinking needs to shift away from increasing dependence on fossil fuels. Meeting the essential needs of the world s poorest people with renewable energy is a significant challenge. The good news is that there are no insurmountable technical barriers to achieving this goal. AEG Power Solutions, with more than 60 years of experience in power conversion, has taken on this challenge and offers its eco px Hybrid Architecture, adapted to off-grid electrification for remote locations around the world. Whatever the size of your power generation and local distribution facility, we create robust solutions to meet your specific challenges and architecture requirements. We provide flexible design, installation, maintenance and support services that will keep your facilities running smoothly, efficiently and reliably, come what may. Basics: Off-grid energy supply Globally, reliable electrical power is one of the most important resources for growth in every country. However, the way electricity is produced, transmitted and distributed is changing rapidly. Not only are the constantly increasing power demands a challenge, but also the resolution of the problem of how to reach remote areas. At the same time, the quality of power supplies in production processes and for domestic consumers is becoming increasingly critical. Traditional power generation operators, the operators of renewable energy parks and the end consumer are all looking for ways to ensure that they deliver and receive a highly reliable power supply. In a bid to overcome these challenges, AEG PS system engineers are looking for solutions to allow them to operate an energy system in a more flexible and controllable way. An accurate balance between generated electric power and more or less randomly variable demand is required. Today s remote off-grid power operators are asking for: Less fuel consumption Lower operating costs Fewer maintenance visits to the field

3 Solutions designed to meet the most demanding requirements Current remote off-grid electrification Existing off-grid electrification typically includes a diesel generator providing the power requirements. This conventional solution is, at first sight, economical, but is becoming less viable as a solution. In the long run there are major challenges, often due to difficult access in remote areas: Reliability of generator due to 100 % operation Availability of diesel fuel Availability of spare parts and trained engineers for maintenance Renewable energy sources are environmentally friendly, maintenance free and highly efficient, with a long operating life and comparably low operating expenses. Taking into account these advantages, AEG PS have developed a cost effective robust energy solution. Innovative utilization of energy resources eco px Hybrid Architecture a next generation hybrid power generation system capable of harnessing renewable and conventional energy sources in combination with energy storage. By optimizing the usage of available wind and solar energy and operating the generator set at times of peak demand, it provides breakthroughs in: Reducing total ownership and operating costs Decreases fuel consumption Maximizes system reliability Your off-grid power plant has the potential to increase operating efficiencies, as well as meeting or exceeding stringent environmental standards. It is the next step forward to more efficient, environmentally responsible power generation. eco px Hybrid Architecture in comparison with the costs of grid extension or the high costs of fuel and fuel delivery to remote locations can offer several benefits: Reduced fuel consumption and CO 2 emissions ( %) Limited generator operation to extend lifetime Storage of excess generated energy Extended maintenance and replacement intervals Payback periods of 3 years or less in many instances (depending on fuel prices) eco px Hybrid Architecture is well-suited for remote areas, where electricity utility supply services do not exist. eco px Hybrid Architecture Solar and wind power energy UPS solutions Energy storage Generator energy Monitoring and control System design for 25 years UPS, PV and Wind Sizing Actual peak power (kw) Future peak power (kw) UPS rating (kva) Battery capacity (Ah) Exploitation (DOD*) PV field sizing (kwp) Wind field sizing (kw) , % 100 on request % 150 on request , % 200 on request , % 300 on request , % 400 on request , % 750 on request * DOD: depth of discharge

4 AEG PS Business case for off-grid A very critical factor of the generator operating cost is the increasing price of crude oil and consequently the price of diesel/fuel at a national level. Diesel generator A diesel engine runs nearly 24 hours per day, it must be replaced after a while or given a thorough general overhaul. The running costs or variable costs of the generator option are added onto the annual cost of the investment alongside, monthly maintenance, spare parts, fuel, refilling, transport of fuel, oil and cleaning. PV power supply Over an investment period of 20 years the PV turns out to be around half as expensive as the diesel generator solution: Less fuel costs Low maintenance costs Lower dependency on oil prices Less environmental pollution Very reliable, using long life components eco px Hybrid Architecture Optionally, a wind generator can be added, which further reduces reliance on diesel generation of electricity consequently leading to reductions in diesel generator sizing and investment and the attached variable operating expenses. Price forecast based on report IMF, April 2011 Fuel costs kept constant on 2011 level over time-window

5 AEG PS advantages for off-grid systems System architecture System operation Advantages AEG PS developed a turnkey solution for renewable off-grid systems: 60 kwc to 400 kwc 500 V DC / 400 V AC to feed a Village District Station In areas that are far from an electrical grid connection. Photovoltaic (PV) field divided into strings through outdoor junction boxes Wind power field divided into strings One or multiple diesel generators One to three UPS (400 V AC 3P +N, Hz) in parallel, fed by the generator Battery connected to UPS (NiCd or lead acid ) ~ open or sealed depending on the level of local maintenance ~ customized to the power and the backup time at night, 1 or 2 strings PV and wind string collector cabinet with current monitoring, fuse protection and Smart Energy Controller Cabinet integrating upstream and downstream AC UPS protection, DC battery protection, PV and Wind current isolation and a manual by-pass allowing the generator to feed consumers directly Production of photovoltaic power during the day Production of wind power during day and night Storing the energy surplus in the battery bank for possible return during the night or peak-load Starting the generator in case of peak consumption (or for battery charging) Temperature compensation for fully optimized battery charging regime and periodic high rate charge by generator Battery thermal protection, overvoltage protection and voltage asymmetry detection Intelligent communication between UPS and Smart Energy Controller System monitoring of different operating conditions, safety devices control, alarms management and report, settings menu and data display PV and Wind failure detection by comparing string currents Remote connection through GSM, SMS alarm message transmission, TCP/IP and troubleshooting assistance through multi-site supervision Backup functions of the facility: intruder detection, lightning protection, solar radiation and temperature measurement... Creates local electricity grid for isolated areas Reduces fuel and oil consumption for users that are already powered by generator Generator run time decreased, maintenance costs minimized and lifetime of the generator increased compared to 24 / 24 running Use of solar and wind energy in order to reduce pollution (air and noise) Increase available peak power by battery energy storage and UPS overload capacity (125 % ~ 10 min, 150 % ~ 1 min) Quality of power through the UPS (no micro-break, perfect sine wave signal, voltage and frequency stability, dynamic response) High level of protection for users, without interruption, secured, redundant, multienergy, with storage, comparable with industrial electricity networks in terms of quality and reliability Flexibility and openness of the system, designed to satisfy customer needs (PV modules configuration, number of battery strings, UPS, generator management, customized alarm report...) Ability to propose and commit to a service guarantee (in lifetime and energy) Complete offer of service contracts: installation, commissioning, training, spare parts, battery unit replacement

6 AEG PS Complete off-grid solution Phase 1 Daylight or wind turbine operation Phase 2 Peak time (night, no wind) Phase 3 Night time (or no sun, no wind) AEG PS off-grid electrification Full project lifetime servicing Phase 1 Daylight During daylight or wind turbine operation, the renewable sources supply the power requirements to the consumers and recharge the batteries. Countries with a higher solar insolation benefit from a minimum of 8-10 h of solar radiation. The generator is always in hot-standby mode ready to take over if needed and will also recharge the deep-cycle batteries as and when required. The system is managed, monitored and controlled by a simple command and control system which selects the most suitable power source depending on the requirements at any particular time. This intelligent approach ensures that the off-grid system will always provide the most efficient energy supply. Phase 2 Peak time (night, no wind) When solar radiation or wind are not sufficient to supply the load, the batteries will provide energy to the UPS that will convert and supply power to the connected consumers. The autonomy time will be defined by the operator depending on the consumer requirements and the project budget. The autonomy time can be up 12 hours or more, depending on the parameters. When the system senses that the battery is at the end of its discharge cycle, it will start up the generator. The energy supply will then be transferred through the UPS to the local distribution/load. This operation will occur without power outage, no disruption to supply will be experienced. Phase 3 Night time (or no sun, no wind) The system senses that the batteries are coming to the end of their delivery cycle and will switch over to the generator for the supply. This switch over from one supply to another is transparent to the consumer and results in no load side disruption or loss of power. It is vital that you talk to a power protection company that is experienced and used to executing large international engineering projects and that understands that safety, risk management, business continuity and operation excellence are key to delivering a long and problem free service. In short: Engineering support in all stages including FEED Design and engineering Global service Optimized technical advice Factory acceptance, test and inspection Customized documentation: --Engineering Drawings -- O&M Manuals Technical training Commissioning Maintenance Complete support for integrated solutions: -- UPS, DC systems, batteries -- Gen-sets, distribution, fire detection, control, monitoring AEGPS - Off-grid - EN - 01/2012 V1 - Due to our policy of continuous development, the data in this document is subject to change without notice. AEG is a registered trademark used under licence from AB Electrolux. AEG Power Solutions Approach your local AEG Power Solutions representative for further support. Contact details can be found on: